jongn.¹int.

Brit.

/jɒŋ/, U.S.

/jɔŋ/,

/jɑŋ/, South African English

/jɒŋ/

Forms: 1800s yung, 1800s– jong, 1800s–1900s jonge.

Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch jonge.

Etymology: < Dutch jonge servant, slave (16th cent.), South African Dutch jong (form of address for a) young black or mixed race male servant (c1834 or earlier; Afrikaans jong, now rare), specific use of Dutch jonge boy, adolescent male (already in Middle Dutch; now usually jongen ) < jong young adj. Compare earlier boy n.¹ (especially sense 1a(b) at that entry). With sense A. 1b compare earlier Cape boy n. and boy n.¹ 1c.

South African.

A. n.¹

a. Originally: a (young male) slave. Later also: a young black or Coloured (coloured adj. 3d) male servant, esp. a houseboy. Also as a form of address. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > slavery or bondage > [noun] > slave > black

jong1615

servant1643

New Negro1701

salt-water Negro1708

boy1796

blackbird1853

intelligent contraband1861

contraband1862

the world > people > person > [noun]

hadc900

lifesmaneOE

maneOE

world-maneOE

ghostOE

wyeOE

lifeOE

son of manOE

wightc1175

soulc1180

earthmanc1225

foodc1225

person?c1225

creaturec1300

bodyc1325

beera1382

poppetc1390

flippera1400

wat1399

corsec1400

mortal?a1425

deadly?c1450

hec1450

personagec1485

wretcha1500

human1509

mundane1509

member1525

worma1556

homo1561

piece of flesh1567

sconce1567

squirrel?1567

fellow creature1572

Adamite1581

bloat herringa1586

earthling1593

mother's child1594

stuff1598

a piece of flesh1600

wagtail1607

bosom1608

fragment1609

boots1623

tick1631

worthy1649

earthlies1651

snap1653

pippin1665

being1666

personal1678

personality1678

sooterkin1680

party1686

worldling1687

human being1694

water-wagtail1694

noddle1705

human subject1712

piece of work1713

somebody1724

terrestrial1726

anybody1733

individual1742

character1773

cuss1775

jig1781

thingy1787

bod1788

curse1790

his nabs1790

article1796

Earthite1814

critter1815

potato1815

personeityc1816

nibs1821

somebody1826

tellurian1828

case1832

tangata1840

prawn1845

nigger1848

nut1856

Snooks1860

mug1865

outfit1867

to deliver the goods1870

hairpin1879

baby1880

possum1894

hot tamale1895

babe1900

jobbie1902

virile1903

cup of tea1908

skin1914

pisser1918

number1919

job1927

apple1928

mush1936

face1944

jong1956

naked ape1965

oke1970

punter1975

1812 A. Plumptre tr. H. Lichtenstein Trav. S. Afr. I. viii. 119 (note) A Hottentot [working as a free servant]..takes it extremely amiss if he is addressed by the words Pay or Jonge, as the slaves are.

1846 J. C. Brown tr. T. Arbousset & F. Daumas Narr. Explor. xxiii. 253 Tied his jong, or young bushman slave, to the wheel of his wagon, where he was severely flogged.

1886 G. A. Farini Through Kalahari Desert xvii. 279 These slaves were called ‘yungs’ or ‘boys’.

1953 J. Collin-Smith Locusts & Wild Honey ii. iv. 155 I..shouted into the house for the ‘jong’, the coloured houseboy, to bring me coffee.

2007 S. Ahjum in G. Campbell et al. Women & Slavery iii. 102 This configuration of male power and desire has its inverse in the..even more forbidden desire of the male slave—jong, or ‘boy’—for the white woman.

b. offensive. (A patronizing or derogatory term for) a black or Coloured (coloured adj. 3d) man or boy. Also as a form of address.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > black person > [noun]

AfriceOE

MoorOE

EthiopOE

blomana1225

Ethiopiana1325

blue mana1387

Moriana1387

black mana1398

blackamoor1525

black Morian1526

black boy1530

molen1538

Nigro1548

Nigrite1554

Negro1555

neger1568

nigger1577

blackfellow1598

Kaffir1607

black1614

thick-lipsa1616

Hubsheea1627

black African1633

blackface1704

sambo1704

Cuffee1713

Nigritian1738

fellow1753

Cuff1755

blacky1759

mungo1768

Quashie1774

darkie?1775

snowball1785

blue skin1788

Moriscan1794

sooterkin1821

nigc1832

tar-brush1835–40

Jim Crow1838

sooty1838

mokec1847

dinge1848

monkey1849

Siddi1849

dark1853

nigre1853

Negroid1860

kink1865

Sam1867

Rastus1882

schvartze1886

race man1896

possum1900

shine1908

jigaboo1909

smoke1913

golliwog1916

jazzbo1918

boogie1923

jig1924

melanoderm1924

spade1928

jit1931

Zulu1931

eight ball1932

Afro1942

nigra1944

spook1945

munt1948

Tom1956

boot1957

soul brother1957

nig-nog1959

member1962

pork chop1963

splib1964

blood1965

non-voter1966

moolinyan1967

Oreo1968

boogaloo1972

pongo1972

moolie1988

1912 East London Daily Dispatch (S. Afr.) 13 Feb. 3 Presently a couple of jongs came along with dainty cigarettes in their mouths.

1926 E. Lewis Mantis i. v. 88 And then, another time (so Dan wrote to his father), he'd make you feel a piccanin yourself, a proper little jong that'd never been beyond the dorp.

1963 K. Mackenzie Dragon to Kill 223 So you did it, Ndlala. Well, we will get you, jong.

1987 O. Prozesky Wrath of Lamb 11 I am old now, but for most of my life white people have called me a ‘jong’ or a ‘boy’.

2002 P.-D. Uys Elections & Erections (e-book ed.) Kids call each other names:..‘boer’ for Afrikaner and the bouquet of names that described blacks: ‘kaffir, hotnot, meid, jong!’

a. Used as a familiar form of address for any person regardless of age, sex, or ethnicity, but esp. for a young man.

ΚΠ

1911 Eastern Province Herald (Port Elizabeth) 25 Nov. 5/9 We returned to the station and held sweet converse with diverse Kerels, to whom we were ‘man’ and ‘jong’ after the nature of the tribe.

1939 S. Cloete Watch for Dawn v. 65 Where is your whip, jong?

1956 A. G. McRae Hill called Grazing vii. 55 Now look here, jong, I've got all these pigs yere on my farm, man.

1960 D. Lytton Goddam White Man i. 10 The sergeant at the police station says—‘Watch it jong.’

2011 A. Foxcroft Ants in Big Onion (e-book ed.) Use your head, jong—men, they always want the young women.

b. A young (Afrikaans) man or boy; spec. a woman or girl's boyfriend, a male sweetheart or lover.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > young person > youth or young man > [noun]

frumberdlingc1000

young manOE

childc1225

hind1297

pagec1300

youtha1325

fawnc1369

swainc1386

stripling1398

boy1440

springaldc1450

jovencel1490

younkera1522

speara1529

gorrel1530

lad1535

hobbledehoy1540

cockerel1547

waga1556

spring1559

loonc1560

hensure1568

youngster1577

imp1578

pigsney1581

cocklinga1586

demy1589

muchacho1591

shaver1592

snipper-snappera1593

callant1597

spaught1598

stubble boy1598

ghillie1603

codling1612

cuba1616

skippera1616

man-boy1637

sprig1646

callow1651

halflang1660

stubbed boy1683

gossoon1684

gilpie1718

stirraha1722

young lion1792

halfling1794

pubescent1795

young man1810

sixteener1824

señorito1843

tad1845

boysie1846

shaveling1854

ephebe1880

boychick1921

lightie1946

young blood1967

studmuffin1986

the mind > emotion > love > a lover > [noun] > male lover

servantc1405

specialc1425

servitorc1450

love-lad1586

young man1589

inamorato1592

swainc1592

gentleman friend1667

enamorado1677

spark1707

beau?1720

Johnny1726

man friend1736

feller1842

novio1843

soupirant1849

fella1874

man1874

fellow1878

square-pusher1890

stud1895

papa1896

lover mana1905

boyfriend1906

daddy1912

lover-boy1925

sheikh1925

sweetback1929

sweet man1942

older man1951

boyf1990

the mind > emotion > love > a lover > [noun] > one who is loved or a sweetheart > specific male sweetheart

fancy man1834

querido1898

boyfriend1906

boyf1990

mi'jito1990

1912 F. Bancroft Veldt Dwellers vii. 316 Whenever we see a jonge and a meisje together—‘..we can safely reckon that there Mother-Nature will be at..her work of drawing male to female, female to male.’

1920 S. Black Dorp 222 Some of the Nationalist ‘jongs’ annoyed him..by bleating ‘ma-a-a!’ to remind him of his ‘goatee’.

1959 J. Packer High Roof 62 Bok looked offended. ‘A jong needs a res' after a whaling expedition.’

1970 M. Dikobe Marabi Dance 169 Yes, I know him. He was my jong. I have a child by him.

2000 S. Murray White Fire 53 He was six years older than she, and the cleverest jonge she had ever met.

B. int.

Expressing surprise, approval, exasperation, anger, etc. Often used to give emphasis to a following statement. Cf. boy int.

ΚΠ

1956 A. G. McRae Hill called Grazing vii. 55 Now, if I can't get a permit to sell them, man jong, I'll have to drive them up on to the main road.

1973 Sunday Tribune (Durban) 1 Apr. 20 Jong, I've had enough of this!

1981 Fair Lady 14 Jan. 98 ‘He looks nice.’ ‘Oh he is. But, jong, is he strict!’

2022 @ellpoen 6 Mar. in twitter.com (accessed 7 Mar. 2022) Told myself I'd only tweet when we equalize, lol!! Beautiful equalizer though, but jong, they're not playing.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2022).

jongn.²

Brit.

/dʒɒŋ/, U.S.

/dʒɔŋ/,

/dʒɑŋ/

Forms: Also dzong.

Etymology: < Tibetan rdzoṅ fortress.

A Tibetan building (also, a territorial and administrative division) constituting a prefecture, frequently also serving as a fortress, a monastery, or both.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > public building > [noun]

hall1297

school?a1425

common house1537

basilica1541

public house1560

public building1561

state house1593

prytaneum1673

house of call1699

basilic1728

zayat1823

civic centre1867

jong1904

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [noun]

chestera855

boroughc893

fastnessOE

strength?c1225

warnestore1297

fortress13..

holdc1330

strongholdc1384

motec1390

fortalicec1425

garnisonc1430

garrisonc1430

town of war1441

wall-town1488

strengh1489

afforciament1509

piece1525

forcea1552

citadel1567

fort1569

place1575

holt1600

alcazar1623

fasthold1623

afforcement1642

castle-town1646

post1648

garrison-town1649

bridlea1661

palank1685

place of arms1704

ostrog1761

qila1761

presidio1763

gurry1786

thana1803

pa1823

castrum1836

lis1845

Gibraltar1856

training post1867

kasbah1902

jong1904

society > authority > rule or government > seat of rule or government > [noun] > regional in Tibet

jong1904

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in Tibet

jong1904

society > faith > artefacts > monastic property (general) > monastery or convent > [noun] > Tibetan

jong1904

1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 340/2 A valley to the southeast..contains the towns of Pena-jong and Gyangtse-jong.]

1904 Times 11 May 5/1 The Tibetans have strongly fortified the jong.

1904 Westm. Gaz. 13 May 9/3 A hot fire was opened from the jong, where the jingals have apparently been recently considerably reinforced.

1938 F. S. Chapman Lhasa iv. 49 The dzong is..on the summit of a volcano-like rock six or seven hundred feet high.

1960 ‘S. Harvester’ Chinese Hammer xi. 99 Phari Dzong, Hog Fort, a large square grey fortress.

1960 Times 9 June 15/6 The castle-monastery (the dzong) which rears high above the floor of the wide valley.

1966 Times 17 June 13/5 The great dzong..rears up on the side of the valley, inward-leaning walls around a keep.

Derivatives

ˈjongpen n. (also dzongpön, jong-pon) a prefect.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > prefect > in Tibet

jongpen1904

1904 Daily Chron. 21 May 5/4 The collection and equipment of the local levies are conducted by various Jongpen.

1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 922/1 The administrative subdivisions of the Lhasa country..are called jong, or ‘prefecture’, each of which is under the rule of two jong-pon.

1921 Glasgow Herald 13 July 9 The Jongpen of the district rode out to meet us with a few followers.

1938 F. S. Chapman Lhasa iii. 33 The Dzongpön (fort commander) of Phari came in for tea.

1938 F. S. Chapman Lhasa v. 83 He is..magistrate, or dzongpön, of a district called Purang.

jong-nyer n. a sub-prefect.

ΚΠ

1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 922/1 There are 123 sub-prefectures under jong-nyer.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	jong
释义	jongn.¹int. Brit. /jɒŋ/, U.S. /jɔŋ/, /jɑŋ/, South African English /jɒŋ/ Forms: 1800s yung, 1800s– jong, 1800s–1900s jonge. Origin: A borrowing from Dutch. Etymon: Dutch jonge. Etymology: < Dutch jonge servant, slave (16th cent.), South African Dutch jong (form of address for a) young black or mixed race male servant (c1834 or earlier; Afrikaans jong, now rare), specific use of Dutch jonge boy, adolescent male (already in Middle Dutch; now usually jongen ) < jong young adj. Compare earlier boy n.¹ (especially sense 1a(b) at that entry). With sense A. 1b compare earlier Cape boy n. and boy n.¹ 1c. South African. A. n.¹ 1. a. Originally: a (young male) slave. Later also: a young black or Coloured (coloured adj. 3d) male servant, esp. a houseboy. Also as a form of address. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > slavery or bondage > [noun] > slave > black jong1615 servant1643 New Negro1701 salt-water Negro1708 boy1796 blackbird1853 intelligent contraband1861 contraband1862 the world > people > person > [noun] hadc900 lifesmaneOE maneOE world-maneOE ghostOE wyeOE lifeOE son of manOE wightc1175 soulc1180 earthmanc1225 foodc1225 person?c1225 creaturec1300 bodyc1325 beera1382 poppetc1390 flippera1400 wat1399 corsec1400 mortal?a1425 deadly?c1450 hec1450 personagec1485 wretcha1500 human1509 mundane1509 member1525 worma1556 homo1561 piece of flesh1567 sconce1567 squirrel?1567 fellow creature1572 Adamite1581 bloat herringa1586 earthling1593 mother's child1594 stuff1598 a piece of flesh1600 wagtail1607 bosom1608 fragment1609 boots1623 tick1631 worthy1649 earthlies1651 snap1653 pippin1665 being1666 personal1678 personality1678 sooterkin1680 party1686 worldling1687 human being1694 water-wagtail1694 noddle1705 human subject1712 piece of work1713 somebody1724 terrestrial1726 anybody1733 individual1742 character1773 cuss1775 jig1781 thingy1787 bod1788 curse1790 his nabs1790 article1796 Earthite1814 critter1815 potato1815 personeityc1816 nibs1821 somebody1826 tellurian1828 case1832 tangata1840 prawn1845 nigger1848 nut1856 Snooks1860 mug1865 outfit1867 to deliver the goods1870 hairpin1879 baby1880 possum1894 hot tamale1895 babe1900 jobbie1902 virile1903 cup of tea1908 skin1914 pisser1918 number1919 job1927 apple1928 mush1936 face1944 jong1956 naked ape1965 oke1970 punter1975 1812 A. Plumptre tr. H. Lichtenstein Trav. S. Afr. I. viii. 119 (note) A Hottentot [working as a free servant]..takes it extremely amiss if he is addressed by the words Pay or Jonge, as the slaves are. 1846 J. C. Brown tr. T. Arbousset & F. Daumas Narr. Explor. xxiii. 253 Tied his jong, or young bushman slave, to the wheel of his wagon, where he was severely flogged. 1886 G. A. Farini Through Kalahari Desert xvii. 279 These slaves were called ‘yungs’ or ‘boys’. 1953 J. Collin-Smith Locusts & Wild Honey ii. iv. 155 I..shouted into the house for the ‘jong’, the coloured houseboy, to bring me coffee. 2007 S. Ahjum in G. Campbell et al. Women & Slavery iii. 102 This configuration of male power and desire has its inverse in the..even more forbidden desire of the male slave—jong, or ‘boy’—for the white woman. b. offensive. (A patronizing or derogatory term for) a black or Coloured (coloured adj. 3d) man or boy. Also as a form of address. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > black person > [noun] AfriceOE MoorOE EthiopOE blomana1225 Ethiopiana1325 blue mana1387 Moriana1387 black mana1398 blackamoor1525 black Morian1526 black boy1530 molen1538 Nigro1548 Nigrite1554 Negro1555 neger1568 nigger1577 blackfellow1598 Kaffir1607 black1614 thick-lipsa1616 Hubsheea1627 black African1633 blackface1704 sambo1704 Cuffee1713 Nigritian1738 fellow1753 Cuff1755 blacky1759 mungo1768 Quashie1774 darkie?1775 snowball1785 blue skin1788 Moriscan1794 sooterkin1821 nigc1832 tar-brush1835–40 Jim Crow1838 sooty1838 mokec1847 dinge1848 monkey1849 Siddi1849 dark1853 nigre1853 Negroid1860 kink1865 Sam1867 Rastus1882 schvartze1886 race man1896 possum1900 shine1908 jigaboo1909 smoke1913 golliwog1916 jazzbo1918 boogie1923 jig1924 melanoderm1924 spade1928 jit1931 Zulu1931 eight ball1932 Afro1942 nigra1944 spook1945 munt1948 Tom1956 boot1957 soul brother1957 nig-nog1959 member1962 pork chop1963 splib1964 blood1965 non-voter1966 moolinyan1967 Oreo1968 boogaloo1972 pongo1972 moolie1988 1912 East London Daily Dispatch (S. Afr.) 13 Feb. 3 Presently a couple of jongs came along with dainty cigarettes in their mouths. 1926 E. Lewis Mantis i. v. 88 And then, another time (so Dan wrote to his father), he'd make you feel a piccanin yourself, a proper little jong that'd never been beyond the dorp. 1963 K. Mackenzie Dragon to Kill 223 So you did it, Ndlala. Well, we will get you, jong. 1987 O. Prozesky Wrath of Lamb 11 I am old now, but for most of my life white people have called me a ‘jong’ or a ‘boy’. 2002 P.-D. Uys Elections & Erections (e-book ed.) Kids call each other names:..‘boer’ for Afrikaner and the bouquet of names that described blacks: ‘kaffir, hotnot, meid, jong!’ 2. a. Used as a familiar form of address for any person regardless of age, sex, or ethnicity, but esp. for a young man. ΚΠ 1911 Eastern Province Herald (Port Elizabeth) 25 Nov. 5/9 We returned to the station and held sweet converse with diverse Kerels, to whom we were ‘man’ and ‘jong’ after the nature of the tribe. 1939 S. Cloete Watch for Dawn v. 65 Where is your whip, jong? 1956 A. G. McRae Hill called Grazing vii. 55 Now look here, jong, I've got all these pigs yere on my farm, man. 1960 D. Lytton Goddam White Man i. 10 The sergeant at the police station says—‘Watch it jong.’ 2011 A. Foxcroft Ants in Big Onion (e-book ed.) Use your head, jong—men, they always want the young women. b. A young (Afrikaans) man or boy; spec. a woman or girl's boyfriend, a male sweetheart or lover. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > young person > youth or young man > [noun] frumberdlingc1000 young manOE childc1225 hind1297 pagec1300 youtha1325 fawnc1369 swainc1386 stripling1398 boy1440 springaldc1450 jovencel1490 younkera1522 speara1529 gorrel1530 lad1535 hobbledehoy1540 cockerel1547 waga1556 spring1559 loonc1560 hensure1568 youngster1577 imp1578 pigsney1581 cocklinga1586 demy1589 muchacho1591 shaver1592 snipper-snappera1593 callant1597 spaught1598 stubble boy1598 ghillie1603 codling1612 cuba1616 skippera1616 man-boy1637 sprig1646 callow1651 halflang1660 stubbed boy1683 gossoon1684 gilpie1718 stirraha1722 young lion1792 halfling1794 pubescent1795 young man1810 sixteener1824 señorito1843 tad1845 boysie1846 shaveling1854 ephebe1880 boychick1921 lightie1946 young blood1967 studmuffin1986 the mind > emotion > love > a lover > [noun] > male lover servantc1405 specialc1425 servitorc1450 love-lad1586 young man1589 inamorato1592 swainc1592 gentleman friend1667 enamorado1677 spark1707 beau?1720 Johnny1726 man friend1736 feller1842 novio1843 soupirant1849 fella1874 man1874 fellow1878 square-pusher1890 stud1895 papa1896 lover mana1905 boyfriend1906 daddy1912 lover-boy1925 sheikh1925 sweetback1929 sweet man1942 older man1951 boyf1990 the mind > emotion > love > a lover > [noun] > one who is loved or a sweetheart > specific male sweetheart fancy man1834 querido1898 boyfriend1906 boyf1990 mi'jito1990 1912 F. Bancroft Veldt Dwellers vii. 316 Whenever we see a jonge and a meisje together—‘..we can safely reckon that there Mother-Nature will be at..her work of drawing male to female, female to male.’ 1920 S. Black Dorp 222 Some of the Nationalist ‘jongs’ annoyed him..by bleating ‘ma-a-a!’ to remind him of his ‘goatee’. 1959 J. Packer High Roof 62 Bok looked offended. ‘A jong needs a res' after a whaling expedition.’ 1970 M. Dikobe Marabi Dance 169 Yes, I know him. He was my jong. I have a child by him. 2000 S. Murray White Fire 53 He was six years older than she, and the cleverest jonge she had ever met. B. int. Expressing surprise, approval, exasperation, anger, etc. Often used to give emphasis to a following statement. Cf. boy int. ΚΠ 1956 A. G. McRae Hill called Grazing vii. 55 Now, if I can't get a permit to sell them, man jong, I'll have to drive them up on to the main road. 1973 Sunday Tribune (Durban) 1 Apr. 20 Jong, I've had enough of this! 1981 Fair Lady 14 Jan. 98 ‘He looks nice.’ ‘Oh he is. But, jong, is he strict!’ 2022 @ellpoen 6 Mar. in twitter.com (accessed 7 Mar. 2022) Told myself I'd only tweet when we equalize, lol!! Beautiful equalizer though, but jong, they're not playing. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2022). jongn.² Brit. /dʒɒŋ/, U.S. /dʒɔŋ/, /dʒɑŋ/ Forms: Also dzong. Etymology: < Tibetan rdzoṅ fortress. A Tibetan building (also, a territorial and administrative division) constituting a prefecture, frequently also serving as a fortress, a monastery, or both. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > public building > [noun] hall1297 school?a1425 common house1537 basilica1541 public house1560 public building1561 state house1593 prytaneum1673 house of call1699 basilic1728 zayat1823 civic centre1867 jong1904 society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [noun] chestera855 boroughc893 fastnessOE strength?c1225 warnestore1297 fortress13.. holdc1330 strongholdc1384 motec1390 fortalicec1425 garnisonc1430 garrisonc1430 town of war1441 wall-town1488 strengh1489 afforciament1509 piece1525 forcea1552 citadel1567 fort1569 place1575 holt1600 alcazar1623 fasthold1623 afforcement1642 castle-town1646 post1648 garrison-town1649 bridlea1661 palank1685 place of arms1704 ostrog1761 qila1761 presidio1763 gurry1786 thana1803 pa1823 castrum1836 lis1845 Gibraltar1856 training post1867 kasbah1902 jong1904 society > authority > rule or government > seat of rule or government > [noun] > regional in Tibet jong1904 society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in Tibet jong1904 society > faith > artefacts > monastic property (general) > monastery or convent > [noun] > Tibetan jong1904 1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 340/2 A valley to the southeast..contains the towns of Pena-jong and Gyangtse-jong.] 1904 Times 11 May 5/1 The Tibetans have strongly fortified the jong. 1904 Westm. Gaz. 13 May 9/3 A hot fire was opened from the jong, where the jingals have apparently been recently considerably reinforced. 1938 F. S. Chapman Lhasa iv. 49 The dzong is..on the summit of a volcano-like rock six or seven hundred feet high. 1960 ‘S. Harvester’ Chinese Hammer xi. 99 Phari Dzong, Hog Fort, a large square grey fortress. 1960 Times 9 June 15/6 The castle-monastery (the dzong) which rears high above the floor of the wide valley. 1966 Times 17 June 13/5 The great dzong..rears up on the side of the valley, inward-leaning walls around a keep. Derivatives ˈjongpen n. (also dzongpön, jong-pon) a prefect. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > magistrate > chief magistrate of a district > [noun] > prefect > in Tibet jongpen1904 1904 Daily Chron. 21 May 5/4 The collection and equipment of the local levies are conducted by various Jongpen. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 922/1 The administrative subdivisions of the Lhasa country..are called jong, or ‘prefecture’, each of which is under the rule of two jong-pon. 1921 Glasgow Herald 13 July 9 The Jongpen of the district rode out to meet us with a few followers. 1938 F. S. Chapman Lhasa iii. 33 The Dzongpön (fort commander) of Phari came in for tea. 1938 F. S. Chapman Lhasa v. 83 He is..magistrate, or dzongpön, of a district called Purang. jong-nyer n. a sub-prefect. ΚΠ 1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVI. 922/1 There are 123 sub-prefectures under jong-nyer. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1933; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹int.1812n.²1904
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