单词 | jasper |
释义 | jaspern.1 1. A kind of precious stone. (a) As rendering of Greek ἴασπις or Latin iaspis, name among the ancients for any bright-coloured chalcedony except carnelian, the most esteemed being of a green colour. (b) In modern use: an opaque cryptocrystalline variety of quartz, of various colours, usually red, yellow, or brown, due mostly to the admixture of iron oxide. agate jasper, ‘an agate consisting of jasper with veinings and cloudings of chalcedony’ (1868 Dana Min. (ed. 5) 195). banded, striped, or ribbon jasper, a variety having the colours in broad stripes. Egyptian jasper, a variety much used in ancient art, occurring in nodules with zones of brown, yellow, or red. porcelain jasper (see porcelain n. and adj. Compounds 2). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > rock crystal > [noun] > jasper jasperc1330 jaspa1350 jaspis1382 jasper stone1517 diasper1582 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > cryptocrystalline quartz > chalcedony > others jasperc1330 jaspa1350 jaspis1382 jasper stone1517 diasper1582 Mocha stone1679 haytorite1827 sapphirine1866 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > cryptocrystalline quartz > chert > jasper jasperc1330 riband jasper1790 ruin jasper1798 ribbon jasper1804 jasp1900 c1330 Owayn 37 Jaspers topas and cristal Margarites and coral. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde ii. 1180 (1229) Doun she sette here by hym on a ston Of Iaspre vp-on a quysshon gold y-bete. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 998 Iasper hyȝt þe fyrst gemme. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xi. 43 Þare was..a boist of grene iasper with foure figures and viii. names of oure Lord þerin. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rev. xxi. 18 The byldinge of the wall of hit was of iaspar. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. v. f. 115 He founde many of the precious stones cauled Smaragdes, calcedones, and Iaspers. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory ii. 39/2 The Jasper is somwhat green, yet specked with bloody spots. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 446. 1805 R. Jameson Treat. External Characters Minerals 60 Glistening [minerals]..Examples, grey copper ore, porcelain jasper. 1855 H. W. Longfellow Hiawatha iv. 51 Oaken arrows, Tipped with jasper. 1861 C. W. King Antique Gems (1866) 18 The true antique Jasper, vermillion coloured, is only to be met with in antique examples. 1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 195 Porcelain jasper is nothing but baked clay, and differs from true jasper in being B.B. fusible on the edges. 2. Short for jasper-ware n. at Compounds 3 (see Compounds 2). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > porcelain > English porcelain > by Wedgwood Egyptian black1784 bamboo1787 jasper1825 jasper-pottery1825 basalt1832 jasper-ware1863 mortar ware1865 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 476 In Messrs. Riley's shining black biscuit porcelain, the ware is of a jet black jasper, or porcelain body. 1832 G. R. Porter Treat. Manuf. Porcelain & Glass 17 Jasper,..a white porcelainous biscuit of exquisite delicacy and beauty [among Wedgwood's inventions]. 1894 S. Smiles J. Wedgwood xiv. 153 The material was called jasper from its resemblance to that stone. The jasper ware was made of white porcelain bisque. Compounds C1. Simple attributive or adj. Made or consisting of jasper. ΚΠ 1718 M. Prior Solomon on Vanity ii, in Poems Several Occasions (new ed.) 432 On the jasper steps to rear the throne. 1822 W. Hazlitt Table-talk (1869) 2nd Ser. xviii. 372 Are not pictures and statues as much furniture as gold plate or jasper tables? C2. a. jasper-glitter n. ΚΠ 1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) II. 426 Her hair had grown just long enough To catch Heaven's jasper-glitter. b. jasper-hued adj. ΚΠ 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 514 [Calculi] purple jasper-hued, red, brown, crystalline. jasper-like adj. ΚΠ 1887 Pall Mall Gaz. 19 July 5/2 Red Etruscan is the unmeaning trade name of this jasper-like stone. C3. jasper-dip n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > porcelain > paste for making porcelain > coating of jasper-dip1894 1894 S. Smiles J. Wedgwood xiv. 154 He afterwards invented his jasper-dip in 1777. jasper-opal n. an impure opal containing iron oxide and having the colour of yellow jasper. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > opal > [noun] > varieties of girasol1588 oculus mundi1661 eye of the world1730 hydrophane1784 cacholong1791 pitchstone1794 pyrophane1794 semi-opal1794 fire opal1811 sun opal1818 isopyre1827 alumocalcite1832 jasper-opal1843 opal jasper1848 resin opal1850 pitch opal1861 jasp-opal1868 opal-agate1868 harlequin1873 harlequin opal1887 wax-opal1896 potch1897 pinfire1902 moss opal1904 nobby1919 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > amorphous quartz or opal > others girasol1588 oculus mundi1661 hydrophane1784 cacholong1791 pitchstone1794 pyrophane1794 semi-opal1794 wood-stone1794 fire opal1811 wood-opal1816 sun opal1818 isopyre1827 jasper-opal1843 opal jasper1848 resin opal1850 natural glass1853 pitch opal1861 vitrite1866 jasp-opal1868 opal-agate1868 pearl opal1872 harlequin1873 harlequin opal1887 wax-opal1896 potch1897 moss opal1904 nobby1919 1843 J. E. Portlock Rep. Geol. Londonderry 208 Associated with it, but sparingly, jasper-opal is found. jasper-pottery n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > porcelain > English porcelain > by Wedgwood Egyptian black1784 bamboo1787 jasper1825 jasper-pottery1825 basalt1832 jasper-ware1863 mortar ware1865 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 483 The jasper pottery..is extremely beautiful; and is formed of blue and porcelain clay, Cornish-stone, Cork-stone, (sulphate of barytes), flint, and a little gypsum, tinged with cobalt calx. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > rock crystal > [noun] > jasper jasperc1330 jaspa1350 jaspis1382 jasper stone1517 diasper1582 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > quartz > cryptocrystalline quartz > chalcedony > others jasperc1330 jaspa1350 jaspis1382 jasper stone1517 diasper1582 Mocha stone1679 haytorite1827 sapphirine1866 1517 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1928) iv. 20 Of Iasper stones it was wonderly wrought. 1611 Bible (King James) Rev. xxi. 11 Like a iasper stone, cleare as christal. jasper-ware n. a fine kind of porcelain invented by Wedgwood, and used by him for his cameos, and other most delicate work. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > porcelain > English porcelain > by Wedgwood Egyptian black1784 bamboo1787 jasper1825 jasper-pottery1825 basalt1832 jasper-ware1863 mortar ware1865 1863 W. E. Gladstone Gleanings (1879) II. 206 Of the ware which I believe is called jasper-ware. jasper-wash n. a kind of ceramic decoration introduced by Wedgwood, in which jasper-ware is used for the surface, the body being of coarser material. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). jaspern.2 U.S. colloquial. A person, fellow: usually with contemptuous overtones; spec. a rustic simpleton, ‘hick’. Also (with capital initial) used as a nickname (see quot. 1929, 1952). ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > man > [noun] churla800 werec900 rinkeOE wapmanc950 heOE wyeOE gomeOE ledeOE seggeOE shalkOE manOE carmanlOE mother bairnc1225 hemea1250 mother sona1250 hind1297 buck1303 mister mana1325 piecec1325 groomc1330 man of mouldc1330 hathela1350 sire1362 malea1382 fellowa1393 guestc1394 sergeant?a1400 tailarda1400 tulka1400 harlotc1405 mother's sona1470 frekea1475 her1488 masculinea1500 gentlemana1513 horse?a1513 mutton?a1513 merchant1549 child1551 dick1553 sorrya1555 knavea1556 dandiprat1556 cove1567 rat1571 manling1573 bird1575 stone-horse1580 loona1586 shaver1592 slave1592 copemate1593 tit1594 dog1597 hima1599 prick1598 dingle-dangle1605 jade1608 dildoa1616 Roger1631 Johnny1648 boy1651 cod1653 cully1676 son of a bitch1697 cull1698 feller1699 chap1704 buff1708 son of a gun1708 buffer1749 codger1750 Mr1753 he-man1758 fella1778 gilla1790 gloak1795 joker1811 gory1819 covey1821 chappie1822 Charley1825 hombre1832 brother-man1839 rooster1840 blokie1841 hoss1843 Joe1846 guy1847 plug1848 chal1851 rye1851 omee1859 bloke1861 guffin1862 gadgie1865 mug1865 kerel1873 stiff1882 snoozer1884 geezer1885 josser1886 dude1895 gazabo1896 jasper1896 prairie dog1897 sport1897 crow-eater1899 papa1903 gink1906 stud1909 scout1912 head1913 beezer1914 jeff1917 pisser1918 bimbo1919 bozo1920 gee1921 mush1936 rye mush1936 basher1942 okie1943 mugger1945 cat1946 ou1949 tess1952 oke1970 bra1974 muzhik1993 society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > peasant or rustic > [noun] > rude or ignorant chuffc1440 mobarda1450 lob1533 lobcocka1556 clown1565 hick1565 bumpkin1570 swad1572 peasant1576 hob-clunch1578 hoblob1582 clubhutchen1584 bacon1598 boor1598 hobbinol1600 homespun1600 loblolly lamb1600 lob-coat1604 loblolly1604 hobnail1645 champkina1652 bacon-slicer1653 jobson1660 hob-thrush1682 country put1688 put1688 country cousin1692 clodhopper1699 hawbuck1787 Johnny Raw1803 joskin1811 yokel1819 whopstraw1821 chaw-bacon1822 lobeline1844 country jake1845 Hoosier1846 hayseed1851 Reuben1855 scissorbill1876 agricole1882 country jay1888 rube1891 jasper1896 farmer1903 stump jumper1936 woop woop1936 potato head1948 no-neck1961 1896 H. M. Blossom Checkers x. 229 After supper..I went over to the only shanty in the place that looked like a store, and opened the door. There were a lot of ‘Jaspers’ sitting around the stove, chewing Tobacco and swapping lies. 1914 ‘B. M. Bower’ Flying U Ranch 174 Some uh you boys help me rope him—like him and that other jasper over there done to Andy. 1929 T. Gordon Born to Be 236 Zigaboo, Dingo, Jasper, nicknames for Ethiopians. 1952 W. Granville Dict. Theatr. Terms 103 Jasper, the traditional name for the villain of the piece in melodrama. 1963 ‘M. Corrigan’ Why do Women—? xxiii. 173 If that dark jasper calls on you again, try and keep him here. 1970 New Yorker 17 Oct. 40/3 What's with those jaspers? This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online June 2022). jaspern.3 regional. A wasp. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > the wasps > a wasp waspc725 waspya1529 yellow jacket1796 jasper1967 1967 M. J. Pearce Ligon Pioneers Kentucky 70 I was gathering eggs in the barn loft and knocked down the nest of some ‘jaspers’ or wasps. 1969 Nat. Sci. in Schools Spring 1/1 After installation of the colony some days elapse before the excitement engendered in the children by the proximity of so many ‘stingers’, ‘Jaspers’, ‘wasps’, or ‘creepy-crawlies’ subsides sufficiently for a scientific observation of the colony to begin. 2003 S. Hill Boy who taught Beekeeper to Read 9 Well you're safe enough here if you steer clear of jaspers and don't fall in the pond. 2013 @MonkeyChopchop 24 July in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Stung by a jasper! Leapt around the kitchen shouting profanities then trapped it in a jar. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, September 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † jasperv. Obsolete. rare. 1. intransitive. To have a speckling or clouding of various colours like some kinds of jasper; to be variegated. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > variegation > be variegated [verb (intransitive)] jasper1620 1620 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote ii. xxxi. 206 Don Quixote's face was in a thousand colours, that Iaspered vpon his browe. 2. transitive. To variegate with different colours; to marble, to speckle. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > variegation > variegate [verb (transitive)] chequer?a1400 fleckc1430 engrail1483 shoot1532 begary1538 intermingle1553 enchase1590 diaper1592 sinew1592 motley1602 intercolour1607 damask1610 particolour1610 inshade1613 freta1616 enamel1650 discolour1656 variegatea1728 jasper1799 intershoot1845 patchwork1853 pattern1898 strand1914 harlequin- 1799 tr. Laboratory (ed. 6) II. xiii. 427 How to imitate a Black Jasper, or variegated Black Marble... Lay it with a brush on what you want to be jaspered, whether a column, a table, or any thing else. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < |
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