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单词 jasmine
释义

jasminen.

Brit. /ˈdʒazmᵻn/, /ˈdʒasmᵻn/, U.S. /ˈdʒæzmən/
Forms: α. 1500s gesmine, iasmyne, 1500s–1600s iesmin(e, iasmine, 1600s iassmine, 1600s– jasmin(e. β. 1500s gessemine, ( gethsamine), iacemine, 1500s–1600s iesemin(e, iessemine, iessemyne, 1600s jesamin, jesaman, jeci-, geci-, gessamin(e, jasemine, 1700s jessemin, jas(s)amine, 1600s– jessamine, 1700s– jessamin. γ. 1500s gelsemine, 1500s–1600s gelsomine, 1600s jelsomine, ( gelsom).
Etymology: Of this there are 3 types: α. jasmin(e, corresponding to French jasmin, †josmin (Paré 16th cent.), Spanish jazmin, †jasmin, Portuguese jasmim, German jasmin, Dutch jasmijn, Italian geˈsmino, Botanical Latin jasmīnum; β. jessamin(e, in 16th cent. also gessemine, = obsolete 16th cent. French jas(s)emin, jessemin, josimin, gensemin; α and β are united by such forms as gesmine, jesmin; γ. gel-, jelsomine = Italian gelsomino. All the European forms derive from the Arabic yās(a)mīn, adopted < Persian yāsmīn, also yāsman, and yāsam, with which compare Greek ἰάσμη, ἰασμέλαιον, ἰάσμινον μύρον, name of a Persian perfume, probably oil of jasmine, in Dioscorides. N.E.D. (1900) enters this under the multiple headword jasmine, -in, jessamine, -in and gives the pronunciation as (dʒe·sămin) /ˈdʒɛsəmɪn/.
1. (a) originally. The plant Jasminum officinale, a climbing or ascending shrub with fragrant white flowers, long naturalized in Southern Europe, and grown in England since the 16th cent. (b) Any species or plant of the botanical genus Jasminum, comprising shrubs, often of climbing habit, chiefly natives of the warmer regions of the Old World, with white or yellow salver-shaped flowers; several of which are cultivated for their beauty and fragrance, while some yield an oil used in perfumery. Also the flower of any of these.Next to the Common or White Jasmine, the best known is the Yellow-flowered, J. fruticans; other species are cultivated, the total number known being about ninety.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental trees and shrubs > [noun] > jasmine
jasmine1548
Indian mourner1597
jesse1597
makebate1597
sad tree1597
shrub trefoil1597
sorrowful tree1597
double pipe-tree1629
jessamy1631
mogra1662
melancholy tree1760
night jasmine1866
sampaguita1902
pikake1933
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental trees and shrubs > [noun] > jasmine > flowers of
jasmine1548
jesse1597
jessamy1631
sampaguita1966
α.
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball vi. ii. 657 Iasmine groweth in maner of a hedge or quickeset.
1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 746 The yellow Iasmine differeth not from the common white Gesmine.
1663 A. Cowley Ess. in Verse & Prose (1669) 117 Who, that has Reason, and his Smell, Would not among Roses and Jasmin dwell?
1676 J. Dryden Aureng-Zebe iv. 51 What Sweets soe'r Sabean Springs disclose, Our Indian Jsmine, or the Syrian Rose.
1796 S. T. Coleridge Refl. Place Retirem. 6 In the open air Our myrtles blossomed; and across the porch Thick jasmins twined.
1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. iii, in Poems 107 Where Jasmine trails on either side the Door.
1882 Garden 9 Sept. 233/2 The golden Jasmine (Jasminum aureum) is really golden.
β. 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. D.vj Iasminum otherwyse called Iasme.1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 19v Iesemin or Gethsamine, as I suppose is called in Greke iasme, and it is the flower wher of the oyle called in Dioscorides oleum iasminum is made.1563 T. Hill Arte Gardening (1593) 13 That sweet tree or floure named Iacemine.1595 E. Spenser Amoretti lxiv, in Amoretti & Epithalamion sig. Ev Yong blossomed Iessemynes.1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 745 There be found at this day fower sorts of Iasmine, differing as well in colour of the flowers.1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 745 Iasminum album. White Gessemine.1622 J. Mabbe tr. M. Alemán Rogue ii. x. 200 Gecimines, Muske-roses, & other sweet flowers.1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 24 in Justa Edouardo King The tufted crow-toe, and pale gessamine.1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 15 Other kinds..good to smell to, as Mirtle, Jesaman.1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 252 If we graft the Spanish Jessemin..on Spanish Broom, the Flowers of the Jessemin will grow yellow.1721 E. Young Revenge iv. i In yonder arbour bound with jessamin.1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist II. xxxiii. 258 A cottage-room, with a lattice-window, around which were clusters of jessamine and honeysuckle.γ. 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 745 Iasmine, or Gelsemine.1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Gelsomino,..gelsomine or gesmine.a1649 W. Drummond Poems (1656) 130 Simplicity, more white than Gelsomine.1652 C. B. Stapylton tr. Herodian Imperiall Hist. xiv. 115 Light Torches, Gelsoms, Odours and Musk Roses.
2. With qualification, applied to plants of various other genera: as Cape jasmine n. Gardenia florida and G. radicans. Carolina jasmine n. Gelsemium nitidum. Chile jasmine n. Mandevilla suaveolens. French jasmine n. Calotropis procera, a shrub found in Southern Asia and Africa, also called French Cotton. ground jasmine n. Passerina Stelleri ( Treasury Bot. 1866). wild jasmine n. ‘of Jamaica, a species of Pavetta’ ( Treasury Bot.); ‘of the W. Indies, Faramea odoratissima and the genus Ixora’ (Miller); see also quot. 1879.Arabian jasmine, bastard jasmine, night jasmine, red jasmine: see the first element.
ΚΠ
1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. App. 315 Jasmine, Arabian, Nyctanthes. [Eight others named.]
1790 Coll. Voy. round World V. x. 1723 The..odoriferous gardenia, or Cape Jasmine.
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. II. 715/1 Mandevilla..a climbing shrub, a native of Buenos Ayres, whence it was first introduced, under the name of Chili Jasmine.
1879 J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names Jessamine, Wild, Anemone nemorosa. Dumfriessh.
3. A perfume derived from the flowers of the jasmine.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > specifically
ewrosec1350
stacte1382
oil of rosesa1398
rose watera1398
sandalc1400
musk?a1425
damask water?1520
malabathrum1543
orris1545
civet1553
ambracan1555
rose cake1559
lavender-water1563
oil of spikenard1565
zibet1594
orange-flower water1595
orris powder?1600
spike-oil1611
angel water1634
cypress-powder1634
angelica1653
jasmine1670
jessamy1671
rosat1674
frangipane1676
marechale1676
orangery1676
tuberose1682
jasmine-water1750
otto1759
rose geranium1773
millefleurs1775
new-mown hay1789
attar1798
eau-de-Cologne1802
Cologne1814
dedes1817
eau de Portugal1825
verbena1837
rondeletia1838
bay-rum1840
Florida water1840
citronelle1841
patchouli1843
citronella1849
gardenia1851
sandalwood oil1851
Ess Bouquet1855
marmala water1857
mignonette1858
spikenard oil1861
sandalwood1865
serpolet1866
ylang-ylang1876
flower-water1886
lily1890
lilac1895
stephanotis1895
tea rose1897
chypre1898
Peau d'Espagne1898
violette de Parme1904
poppy1905
Parma violet1907
wallflower1907
1670 R. Graham Angliæ Speculum Morale 16 They would daub their Heads with a whole pot of Jasmine at once.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 128/2 To put Jecimin on the palms of your hands and rub it on the hair.
1900 N.E.D. at Jasmine Mod. Price List, Perfumery..Jasmin.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
a.
jasmine bower n. (also jessamine bower)
Π
1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 78. ⁋2 The fragrance of the jessamine bower is lost after the enjoyment of a few moments.
jasmine flower n.
Π
c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1644 (1955) II. 171 The natural perfumes of Orange, Citron, & Jassmine flowres.
jasmine grove n.
Π
1744 J. Thomson Summer in Seasons (new ed.) 86 From Jasmine Grove to Grove.
jasmine leaf n.
Π
1832 Ld. Tennyson Margaret v Let your blue eyes dawn Upon me thro' the jasmine-leaves.
jasmine wood n.
b.
jasmine bordered adj.
Π
1883 F. M. Peard Contradictions xviii Standing together in the jessamine-bordered window.
C2.
jasmine-butter n. Obsolete an ointment perfumed with jasmine.
ΘΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [noun] > an unguent > specific butter
buttereOE
jessamy-butter1657
jasmine-butter1678
1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) With the flowers whereof Jesemin Butter is made.
jasmine-tea n. tea perfumed with jasmine; also elliptical.
ΘΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > tea manufacture > [noun] > types of dry tea > scented tea
caper1864
jasmine-tea1933
1933 N. Waln House of Exile i. iii. 44 We finished our meal with..cups of jasmine tea..served without milk or sugar.
1967 V. C. Clinton-Baddeley Death's Bright Dart 64 Neither Lapsang..nor Jasmine, was what he wanted.
1967 S. Knight Window on Shanghai 119 Just broke off to..make myself a cup of jasmine tea which smells delicious.
1972 Korea Herald 17 Nov. 5/1 Between sips of jasmine tea they haggle.
jasmine-water n. Obsolete a perfume made from jasmine-flowers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fragrance > [noun] > fragrant substance or perfume > specifically
ewrosec1350
stacte1382
oil of rosesa1398
rose watera1398
sandalc1400
musk?a1425
damask water?1520
malabathrum1543
orris1545
civet1553
ambracan1555
rose cake1559
lavender-water1563
oil of spikenard1565
zibet1594
orange-flower water1595
orris powder?1600
spike-oil1611
angel water1634
cypress-powder1634
angelica1653
jasmine1670
jessamy1671
rosat1674
frangipane1676
marechale1676
orangery1676
tuberose1682
jasmine-water1750
otto1759
rose geranium1773
millefleurs1775
new-mown hay1789
attar1798
eau-de-Cologne1802
Cologne1814
dedes1817
eau de Portugal1825
verbena1837
rondeletia1838
bay-rum1840
Florida water1840
citronelle1841
patchouli1843
citronella1849
gardenia1851
sandalwood oil1851
Ess Bouquet1855
marmala water1857
mignonette1858
spikenard oil1861
sandalwood1865
serpolet1866
ylang-ylang1876
flower-water1886
lily1890
lilac1895
stephanotis1895
tea rose1897
chypre1898
Peau d'Espagne1898
violette de Parme1904
poppy1905
Parma violet1907
wallflower1907
1750 Lady Luxborough Let. 14 Mar. in Lett. to W. Shenstone (1775) 197 I send you half the jessamine-water I have left.
C3. Also in names of plants resembling jasmine.
jasmine-box n. the genus Phillyrea.
jasmine-mango n.
jasmine-tree n. = red jasmine (see 1(b)).
jasmine-wood n. Ochna Mauritiana (Miller Plant-n. 1884).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > [noun] > other timber trees
jasmine-wood1712
fiddlewood1714
loblolly tree1750
rosewood1755
loblolly-wood1756
horn-beech1771
hop hornbeam1785
olive wood1866
myrtle1880
pounce tree1884
rosebush1889
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > wood of other specific trees
thornc1330
poplara1450
asp1551
angelin1670
dogwood1670
serpent-wood1681
locust wood1742
canarium1776
stave-wood1778
lacewood1803
Canary wood1820
chestnut1823
brier-wood1868
jasmine-wood1870
angelique1873
sakura1911
1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 61 This Wood..bears the Name of Jessamine-Wood from its Flowers.
1870 B. Disraeli Lothair (new ed.) lxxvi A large pipe of cherry or jasmine wood.

Derivatives

ˈjasmined adj. (also ˈjessamined /-ɪnd/) adorned with jasmine.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > cultivated or ornamental trees and shrubs > [adjective]
jasmined1827
Ghent1841
cistal1847
cucumber1904
magnolia-like1913
magnolioid1972
1827 G. Darley Sylvia 17 The jasmined cottage in the glen.
1840 W. Kennedy Poems 41 The trellised porch..Was jessamined and honeysuckled o'er.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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