astroturfingn.

Brit.

/ˈastrəʊtəːfɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈæstroʊˌtərfɪŋ/

Forms: also with capital initial.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Astroturf v., -ing suffix¹, Astroturf n.

Etymology: In sense 1 < Astroturf v. + -ing suffix¹. In sense 2 probably < Astroturf n. + -ing suffix¹.

1. U.S. The action or process of covering an area with Astroturf. Also: the result of this; a layer or surface of Astroturf.

ΚΠ

1974 Forbes 15 May 104 Public works projects will decline, there will be less astroturfing, and the use of natural vegetation will increase.

1975 Alton (Illinois) Tel. 28 May d1/5 The Illinois field was given an astro-turfing two years ago.

1991 N.Y. Times 13 May b2/1 The Parks Department was contemplating the Astroturfing of the Central Park ball-fields.

2010 D. Epstein Big Hair & Plastic Grass Index 329 Candlestick Park... AstroTurfing of.

2. figurative. Originally Politics. The action, process, or practice of falsely suggesting public or grass-roots support for a policy, product, movement, etc., through the use of an organized campaign which simulates such support. Cf. Astroturf n. 2.

ΚΠ

1993 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 20 Aug. 4/1 This form of grassroots campaigning—form letters and pre-printed cards—is known as ‘astroturfing’.

1997 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 29 Oct. 11 Global Spin..details strategies like ‘astroturfing’, where community front groups are set up to simulate real grassroots activism.

2005 Guardian 19 Sept. (Media section) 2/4 There are many surprising examples of astroturfing by British advertisers.

2009 D. Swanson Daybreak xxi. 237 Parties facilitate astroturfing as an alternative to grassroots organizing.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	astroturfing
释义	astroturfingn. Brit. /ˈastrəʊtəːfɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈæstroʊˌtərfɪŋ/ Forms: also with capital initial. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: Astroturf v., -ing suffix¹, Astroturf n. Etymology: In sense 1 < Astroturf v. + -ing suffix¹. In sense 2 probably < Astroturf n. + -ing suffix¹. 1. U.S. The action or process of covering an area with Astroturf. Also: the result of this; a layer or surface of Astroturf. ΚΠ 1974 Forbes 15 May 104 Public works projects will decline, there will be less astroturfing, and the use of natural vegetation will increase. 1975 Alton (Illinois) Tel. 28 May d1/5 The Illinois field was given an astro-turfing two years ago. 1991 N.Y. Times 13 May b2/1 The Parks Department was contemplating the Astroturfing of the Central Park ball-fields. 2010 D. Epstein Big Hair & Plastic Grass Index 329 Candlestick Park... AstroTurfing of. 2. figurative. Originally Politics. The action, process, or practice of falsely suggesting public or grass-roots support for a policy, product, movement, etc., through the use of an organized campaign which simulates such support. Cf. Astroturf n. 2. ΚΠ 1993 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald 20 Aug. 4/1 This form of grassroots campaigning—form letters and pre-printed cards—is known as ‘astroturfing’. 1997 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 29 Oct. 11 Global Spin..details strategies like ‘astroturfing’, where community front groups are set up to simulate real grassroots activism. 2005 Guardian 19 Sept. (Media section) 2/4 There are many surprising examples of astroturfing by British advertisers. 2009 D. Swanson Daybreak xxi. 237 Parties facilitate astroturfing as an alternative to grassroots organizing. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1974
随便看	θ169004 θ169005 θ169006 θ169007 θ169008 θ169009 θ16901 θ169010 θ169011 θ169012 θ169013 θ169014 θ169015 θ169016 θ169017 θ169018 θ169019 θ16902 θ169020 θ169021 θ169022 θ169023 θ169024 θ169025 θ169026