jacketn.
/ˈdʒakɪt/, U.S. /ˈdʒækət/ I. An outer garment for the upper body, and related senses.† 3. In figurative contexts, with reference to the breadth or narrowness of a person's opinions, knowledge, etc. Obsolete.
1.
a. An outer garment for the upper body, often relatively short in length and now typically having full-length sleeves, of a type originally worn by men and boys but now also designed for or worn by women and girls. Often with more specific reference: (a) a jack (jack n.1 2) or a shorter form of this (obsolete); cf. jacket of mail n. at Phrases 1; (b) a short, close-fitting, and relatively lightweight coat which fastens down the front; (c) a tailored garment fastened at the front by means of a button or buttons and worn as the upper part of a suit; (also) any of a variety of similar garments worn as part of other formal or informal outfits, such as a blazer or sports jacket.bomber jacket, dinner jacket, Eton jacket, Nehru jacket, shooting jacket, smoking jacket, suit jacket, etc.: see the first element. See also monkey jacket n., yellow jacket n. 2.See also Compounds 1a.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > jacket > worn by specific people > other
jacket1451
bedgowna1806
Melton jacket1823
vaquero1858
Melton1905
monkey jacket1968
Nehru1968
Harrington1982
1451 in A. Clark Lincoln Diocese Documents (1914) 58 (MED) To Iohn hennoure, my furred iaket and my blak hode.
1454 in P. E. Jones Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall (1954) V. 147 (MED) [A] jacket gesserant..[2 habergeons] gesserant, [20 s.].
1527 in Lancs. & Cheshire Wills (1854) (Chetham Soc.) 5 Item I giff my white chamlett iakett to be a vestiment to our lady chapell aforsaid.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. John 116 The souldiers thought good that it [sc. Christ's seamless coat] should bee kept whole vncut, and that sum of them shoulde haue the whole iacket to whose lotte it shoulde chaunce.
1655 W. Sales Theophania v. 132 Their under garment was of crimson,..and over that a kind of jacket of silver net close to their bodies.
1767 T. Hutchinson Hist. Province Massachusets-Bay, 1691–1750 ii. 163 The women put on their husbands hats and jackets.
1778 F. Burney Let. 23 Aug. in Early Jrnls. & Lett. (1994) III. 99 Mrs. Burney had on a very pretty Linen Jacket & Coat, & was going to Church.
1834 L. Ritchie Wanderings by Seine 144 The royal archers led the way, clothed in jackets of vermilion, red, white, and green.
1881 H. W. Nesfield Chequered Career xviii. 247 Cord trousers, stick-up round collars, and a tweed jacket.
1930 V. Sackville-West Edwardians iv. 168 He kept the other hand in the pocket of his jacket, fumbling with something in the pocket.
1989 Globe & Mail (Canada) (Nexis) 20 Sept. The warning about bringing a waterproof jacket..proved valid.
2013 New Yorker 15 Apr. 28/3 I was wearing a tight black jacket, a black waistcoat, a silver tie, and striped gray-and-black trousers.
b. A waistcoat. Now rare (U.S. regional (chiefly south Midland)).Formerly also English regional (north-eastern).
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > waistcoat
waistcoat1519
vest1666
petticoat1691
jacket1705
fecket1755
waistcoat-piece1789
under-waistcoat1794
vest-slip1920
1705 Boston News-let. 10 Dec. 4/2 (advt.) Ran away from his Master.., a Negro Man-Slave named Peter,..has on a mixt gray home-spun Coat, white home spun Jacket and Breeches.
1830 Newcastle Mag. Jan. 13 Maw shinin' coat o' glossy blue,..Maw posey jacket, a' bran new.
1849 F. T. Dinsdale Gloss. Provinc. Words Teesdale Jacket... The word sometimes denotes a waistcoat.
1949 H. Kurath Word Geogr. Eastern U.S. 60 Jacket [for vest] is common in the piedmont and the Blue Ridge of North Carolina and in adjoining parts of South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia.
1986 L. A. Pederson et al. Ling. Atlas Gulf States: Concordance Vest,..chiefly TN [= Tennessee], Jacket. [Quoted in Dict. Amer. Regional Eng. III., which notes: ‘Some infs indicate that jacket is old-fashioned or obsolete.’]
c. Horse Racing. A garment worn by a jockey, typically a loose-fitting blouse of silk, satin, or (now more commonly) a synthetic material in the distinctive colours of the horse owner he or she is riding for. Cf. to send in one's jacket at Phrases 4, silk n. and adj. 3b.Jersey is now the usual term.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > for jockey
jacket1825
1825 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 20 Oct. Col. Sewall's Brown Filley, Lady Hal, by Sir Hal, 4 years old; Yellow Jacket, Blue sleeves, and black cap.
1856 ‘The Druid’ Post & Paddock xii. 214 He thought nothing..of putting a silk jacket into his pocket, and riding 70 or 80 miles to a meeting, to oblige a friend.
1916 Collier's 25 Nov. 15/1 It mattered still less that the purple-and-white jacket was stained and torn and the silken breeches clumsily patched.
2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 1 June b8/2 Contrary to the name, silks—a pullover jacket and matching cover for the helmet—are rarely made from silk these days.
2. A jacket designed for a particular function.
a. A jacket of buoyant or inflatable material for supporting the body in water; a life jacket.Recorded earliest in cork-jacket n.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > float to support person in water
belt1758
jacket1762
marine collar1764
lifebuoy1783
life-preserver1804
life jacket1819
safety belt1836
lifebelt1841
life vest1848
life ring1911
preserver1912
Mae West1940
1762 Ann. Reg. 1761 Chron. 157/1 A fisherman who had been cast away seven hours, and saved his life by means of a cork jacket.
1808 Belfast Monthly Mag. Dec. 283/1 The Jacket is to be made of leather or any other pliable substance that will hold air.
1963 Motor Boating & Water Ski-ing (‘Know the Game’ Ser.) 45/2 Inflated belts or jackets are unsuitable for water ski-ing because hitting the water at speed could easily burst them open.
2012 National Post (Canada) (Nexis) 9 Feb. s4 I didn't have a life jacket even big enough for him... He's the thickest man I've ever seen. And the jacket barely fit him.
b. A straitjacket.
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society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > binding or fettering > [noun] > bond(s) or fetter(s) or shackle(s) > straitjacket
strait waistcoat1753
strait jacket1814
jacket1853
jumper1894
1853 J. Allday True Acct. Inq. Borough Gaol Birmingham 119 I think the jacket better than the handcuffs as a punishment, as the handcuffs keep the hands behind, while the jacket holds the hands before them.
1915 J. London Jacket 23 Five days in the dungeon and eighty hours in the jacket.
1985 B. Lumley Psychamok (1993) i. 29 He was in a jacket, as they had been warned he would be.
2004 J. Katzenbach Madman's Tale iv. 110 Lanky, you gotta do this nice and easy-like, because otherwise we're gonna have to put you in a jacket and lock you up in isolation.
c. A heavy reinforced jacket worn as protection against bullets, shrapnel, etc.flak jacket: see flak n. a.
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society > armed hostility > military equipment > armour > body armour > [noun] > plate-coat or -jacket
coatc1300
acton1328
jackc1380
haquetona1400
jazeranta1400
coat of fence1490
halkrig1516
plate-coat1521
coat-armour1603
coat of arms1613
plate-jackc1720
jacket1916
flak jacket1956
1916 Pop. Mech. Mag. Nov. 710/1 It is claimed that the jacket will resist a .45 caliber revolver bullet at 20 yd.
1944 N.Y. Times 2 Mar. 5/2 A piece of flak shot through the bottom of his plane, hit his jacket and then ricocheted through the top of the plane.
1989 Economist 16 Sept. 98/2 The judge has no weapon or protective jacket.
2017 R. G. Positano & J. Positano Dinner with DiMaggio viii. 159 The Secret Service would not permit him to take off his protective jacket!
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1792 E. Burke Let. 8 Jan. in Corr. (1968) VII. 15 They were not able to make a schism in their short and narrow jacket.
1896 Daily News 30 Apr. 6/1 He had ‘widened the jacket’ of his Scotch theological training by mastering the results of the most advanced German speculation.
4. Military colloquial. By metonymy: a post in the Royal Horse Artillery; frequently in to get (also obtain, receive) the (or one's) jacket. Formerly also: †a soldier, esp. a member of the cavalry or the Royal Horse Artillery, who wears a jacket (obsolete). Now chiefly historical.
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society > armed hostility > military organization > [noun] > appointment to unit > to Royal Horse Artillery
jacket1881
1881 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 21 Dec. Lieutenant H P Hickman, R A, has got the jacket, and been posted to a battery in India of the Royal Horse Artillery.
1898 Geogr. Jrnl. May 556 Lieut. Tanner obtained his ‘jacket’, and was the beau ideal of a horse-artillery officer.
1908 Westm. Gaz. 15 Oct. 5/3 Until 1895..a ‘jacket’—i.e., a post in the Royal Field Horse Artillery—might be given to an officer of Field Artillery or of Garrison Artillery.
1909 J. R. Ware Passing Eng. Victorian Era 158/2 Jacket (Military), a soldier who wears a jacket (chiefly cavalry or horse artillery).
1982 D. Fraser Alanbrooke iii. 52 In the midst of this Brooke heard that he had got his ‘jacket’. He was to join ‘N’ Battery, Royal Horse Artillery, known as ‘The Eagle Troop’.
2000 Times (Nexis) 6 June He began his army career as a gunner, receiving his ‘Jacket’ in the Royal Horse Artillery.
II. A covering of skin, fur, plumage, tissue, etc.† 8. Pathology. An abnormal layer of fibrinous material or fibrotic tissue covering the surface of an organ. Obsolete. rare.
5. The natural covering of hair, fur, wool, feathers, etc., of various animals; the coat. Also: the skin of a seal, fish, snake, etc.Jacket does not appear to be used in reference to the human skin outside certain phrases relating to beating or thrashing (see to dust (also thrash, tan, etc.) a person's jacket at Phrases 3), although this may also be the meaning of the word in to line one's jacket at Phrases 2, which is attested slightly earlier than this sense.
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the world > animals > animal body > general parts > covering or skin > [noun] > coat
coat1393
indument1578
jacket1613
attire1798
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage vi. i. 467 Manifold are these kindes of Serpents in Africa... The Scythale is admirable in her varied iacket.
1847 W. P. Cocks in G. Johnston Hist. Brit. Zoophytes (ed. 2) i. 231 Herds of the Actinia bellis in prime condition,—jackets as red as a Kentish cherry.
1865 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 2nd Ser. 1 ii. 242 The recent high price of long wool has tempted some flockmasters to neglect the form, in their eagerness to secure a heavy jacket.
1882 Daily News 28 Jan. 2/2 A two-pound perch boiled in its own jacket, and served up with parsley sauce.
1907 F. T. Barton Terriers xviii. 131 If a Scottie has not a sound jacket to keep out the mountain dew and rain, he ought not to take a leading place at any show.
1987 Pigeon Racing Gaz. May 31/2 Racing pigeons produce their best jackets when the wind blows directly on to them and rain runs off their backs.
1997 M. Sinnett Landing 38 I wanted to steal that fruit and spirit away to the Isis' sharp-sloped banks, peel the electric skin and discard it like a snake's jacket.
6. Chiefly British.
a. The skin of a (cooked) potato. Cf. jacket potato n. at Compounds 2.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > jacket potato > skin of
jacket1792
1792 T. Hurlstone Just in Time iii. 44 O what would I give now to sit down to a comfortable slice of corn-beef, with about a dozen mealy potatoes with their jackets on.
1856 Farmer's Mag. Nov. 378 Potatoes..boiled unpeeled—or as we say, ‘in their jackets’.
1894 H. Caine Manxman 31 A pot of potatoes in their jackets.
1934 M. T. King Mothercraft x. 162 The most valuable part of vegetables lies just underneath the skin, so it is best to bake or boil potatoes in their jackets.
2016 Australian (Nexis) 29 July 18 I feasted on baked potatoes in their jackets with dollops of butter.
b. colloquial. A potato cooked in its skin; short for jacket potato n. at Compounds 2.rare before 21st cent.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > jacket potato
baked potato1772
jacket potato1846
jacket1948
jacket spud1981
1948 Amarillo (Texas) Sunday News-Globe 28 Mar. 2/1 Luncheon consisted of..Kingfish, Brussels sprouts and (get a load of this) baked jackets which turned out to be plain old baked potatoes.
2004 Evening Herald (Plymouth) (Nexis) 13 Nov. 6 Jacket with baked beans..; jacket with coleslaw..; jacket with grated cheese.
2016 @hfslimmingworld 27 Aug. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) Delicious steak for dinner.., salad, jacket with garlicky quark, corn on the cob.
7. Biology. A specialized layer of tissue, cells, or organic material covering an organ or structure; a capsule.
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the world > life > the body > bodily substance > other tissues > [noun]
cortexa1676
reticular tissue1807
reticulum1870
submucosa1870
subserosa1871
adenoid1881
jacket1885
myoepithelium1890
1885 D. Houston in A. C. Cole Stud. Microsc. Sci. III. i. x. 40 A secondary growth..arises during the development of the seed, and almost covers it in a thick red, juicy jacket, known as the aril.
1901 J. M. Coulter & C. J. Chamberlain Morphol. Spermatophytes iii. 84 The cells of the jacket become surcharged with protoplasmic material.
1913 Jrnl. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 22 iii. 554 The body [of the cobra's poison gland] is much the shape and size of an almond, and consists of (1) a thick fibrous capsule or jacket, (2) the glandular or poison secreting substance proper.
1934 Amer. Med. 40 571/2 The surgeon removes the tonsil in a fibrous jacket that he calls a capsule.
1960 Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 21 27 Spores..with a thin amylaceous coating over all, with a more heavily amylaceous jacket over lower half and apex.
1978 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 65 633/2 There is a massive deposition of starch in the cells of the receptacle, stalk and jacket of all sporangia.
2006 L. J. Cseke & P. B. Kaufman in L. J. Cseke et al. Nat. Products Plants (ed. 2) iii. 122 At their target sites, the GAs [sc. gibberellins] activate the expression of α-amylase genes in the aleurone layer (protein jacket) that surrounds the endosperm of the seed.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > [noun] > covering or coating
adventitia1854
jacket1897
1897 W. H. White in T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. IV. 119 This white jacket, which may be a quarter of an inch thick, easily peels off the subjacent liver.
1897 L. E. Holt Dis. Infancy & Childhood 532 Under other circumstances the exudation is partly absorbed, but the greater part becomes organized so as to form a thick jacket of fibrous tissue which binds the lobe or lung to the chest wall.
1912 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 9 Nov. 1713/1 The final result may be a pleura several centimeters in thickness,..binding the lung in a leathery jacket.
III. A covering, casing, structure, etc., placed round or surrounding something, and related senses.
9. A covering or casing of any kind; spec. one placed round a pipe, boiler, etc., for insulation.steam jacket, water jacket: see the first element.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > other parts > [noun] > sleeves, coverings, or screens
spring box1696
jacket1815
faceplate1827
shoe1837
jacketing1842
splasher1848
splash-board1850
sleeve1865
shield1888
sleeving1923
mesh1926
1815 J. Kilby Specif. Patent 3920 I enclose my brewing vessel in another vessel which I call the case or jacket.
1839 M. Faraday in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 129 4 A plate of copper..was bent into a saddle shape,..a jacket of sheet caoutchouc was put over the saddle.
c1865 J. Wylde Circle of Sci. I. 307/1 The crucible is to be covered by the plumbago jacket.
1916 Army & Navy Reg. 29 July 138/1 While a wooden propeller is attached to a machine in dry climates..they will be protected by a heavy canvass jacket lined with Canton flannel or wool.
1957 Woman's Day (N.Y.) July 78/3 The chicken with its jacket of mousse and veloutè literally melted in your mouth.
1964 P. J. Hills Small Scale Org. Prepar. i. 1 In order to convert it to a water condenser a jacket is slipped over the tube.
2013 Times (Nexis) 29 June With stainless steel, cooling jackets and lots of wizardry to combat the heat, Thymiopoulos has created a zingy, aromatic white.
10.
a. Originally U.S. A folder or envelope containing a document or documents; esp. one for official papers, typically having a list of its contents, the date of its reception, instructions for its disposition, etc., displayed on the cover.
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1843 A. P. Upshur Let. 14 Aug. in William & Mary Coll. Q. Hist. Mag. (1936) 16 553 It is a very common practice to give to citizens whose interests strongly require it the facilities which are afforded by being made the bearers of dispatches by simply entrusting to them a letter or jacket of papers.
1882 Proc. Trial J. W. Dorsey et al. for Conspiracy (Supreme Court D.C.) I. 350 If you take a jacket upon which an order was based, there might be seven or eight papers in the jacket.
1956 F. Dunnill Civil Service viii. 172 He or she will make sure..that the letter is not, in fact, in continuation of earlier correspondence,..file it in a jacket and mark it to yet another clerical officer.
2017 W. Akpan & P. Moyo in I. Umejesi & W. Akpan Revisiting Environmental & Nat. Resource Questions in Sub-Saharan Afr. vi. 115 To emphasis the ‘major issues’ behind the agitation in Egbema, this respondent brought out a file jacket containing documents pertaining to the community's dealings with Shell.
b. U.S. Military slang, Police slang, and Criminals' slang. A personal file or dossier; spec. a criminal record.Recorded earliest in record jacket n. (a) at record n.1 and adj. Compounds 2.
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society > law > rule of law > lawlessness > [noun] > crime > involvement with the police > police record
police record1773
record1897
jacket1910
form sheet1911
form1958
1910 Ann. Rep. Commissioners D.C. 1909 I. 340 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (61st Congr., 2nd Sess.: House of Representatives Doc. No. 110, Pt. 1) CVI A record jacket is established for an individual only when the bureau has acquired additional record of such an individual, and the Bertillon card and card index each bear only the record of the first arrest.
1937 Jrnl. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 32 324 One person..was assigned to the files to remove the jackets (prison records) for each institution and to allocate these jackets daily to the eight supervisors.
1944 R. R. Rea Let. 9 Dec. in Wings of Gold (1987) 240 Today our jackets (records) went before the squadron board.
1951 N. Algren Chicago vi. 76 Everythin' over a C you get to keep for yourself 'n be in court with it at nine tomorrow or we'll pick you up..'n fit you for a jacket.
1967 M. Braly On the Yard xiv. 239 You been reading my jacket too?
1989 C. Hiaasen Skin Tight (1990) ii. 15 Jersey state police got a fat jacket on him.
2008 J. Garcia & M. Levin Making Jack Falcone 79 I created a fake ‘jacket’, or a police record, for Jack Falcone, something that I could share with my new Gambino acquaintances.
c. U.S. Prison slang and Criminals' slang. A reputation; esp. one which is bad or unfavourable. Often with preceding modifying word specifying the nature of the reputation.Frequently with figurative allusion to sense 1.
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the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > [noun] > of a specified kind
namea1382
renowna1400
repute1598
jacket1963
cred1982
1963 M. Braly Shake him till he Rattles i. 11 You wouldn't want to be a chicken thief, would you? That's a hell of a jacket to carry.
1977 R. P. Rettig et al. Manny vii. 196 If you get sent to Vacaville you are classified as having a serious personality or character disorder. And man, you'll wear that jacket for the rest of your life.
1986 J. Ellroy Silent Terror xi. 67 If a ‘fruit jockey’ made a sexual advance toward you, ‘wail on his head’..because if you didn't ‘put him straight’, you would acquire a ‘fruit jacket’.
1990 S. Morgan Homeboy ii. 21 Rooski cant go back to the pen. With his snitch jacket, he wouldnt last a week.
2002 J. Goad Shit Magnet xvi. 272 So my confidential prison file..has me wearing two ‘jackets’, that of a racist mastermind and that of a compulsively violent misogynist.
11.
a. Originally: the binding of a book, which holds the sheets together and protects the volume. Later chiefly: a protective and often decorative removable cover, usually of paper, placed around a bound book (esp. a hardback) and typically having the title and the author's name printed on it; a dust jacket. Cf. book jacket n. at book n. Compounds 1a.See also Compounds 1b.
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society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > cover > wrapper or loose cover
wrapper1806
fall1837
book wrapper1844
jacket1850
book jacket1859
chemise1893
dust cover1902
book folder1925
dust jacket1928
dust-wrapper1932
1850 Morning Advertiser 12 Nov. 4/1 The Comic Almanac is improved in form and outward appearance, having changed its fragile paper jacket for a tough cover.
1894 Month May 116 It was arrayed in a handsome purple ‘jacket’, and bore the crown and monogram of George III.
1895 H. Frowde Let. 26 June (Let.-bk. 36, Oxf. Univ. Press arch., Oxf.) Paper jackets are being printed for it worded as shown.
1928 Publishers' Weekly 9 June 2362 Illustrations on the jackets of Macaulay books are the work of the country's foremost artists.
1955 C. S. Lewis Surprised by Joy xi. 169 Turning to the bookstall, I picked out an Everyman in a dirty jacket.
2012 Private Eye 15 June 27/4 The jacket brazenly mimics the grey/black James covers.
b. A close-fitting, protective cover for a record, typically in the form of a cardboard or paper envelope, and often having on it details about the contents of the record, information about the recording artist, etc. Cf. sleeve n. 7f, jacket sleeve n. (b) at Compounds 2.Recorded earliest in record jacket n. (b) at record n.1 and adj. Compounds 2; cf. album jacket at album n.2 Compounds 2a.
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society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > other parts
jacket sleeve1599
album cover1839
label1907
jacket1935
record sleeve1951
1935 Monroe (Louisiana) Morning World 15 Dec. (Society & Fashions section) 4/4 A ‘Kris Kringle Song’ novelty greeting of the 1915 period. It is a small victrola record in a record jacket upon which is found these jolly lines: [etc.].
1952 High-Fidelity Summer 22 The record must be pulled out of its jacket—and this must be done with care.
1985 Washington Post 25 Oct. (Weekend section) 14/2 According to the notes on the jacket, the album was reissued in response to all the fans who wanted ‘to replace their old ones which were worn from years of use’.
2012 M. Feinstein Gershwins & Me 134/2 The jacket of this record was emblazoned with a beautiful Hirschfeld drawing of a ghostly Gershwin at the keyboard.
12. In artillery: an exterior layer of metal extending from the breechblock of a gun part-way up the barrel, designed to reinforce the gun against the radial pressures that occur during firing. Now historical.
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society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > parts and fittings of firearms > [noun] > reinforcing
fortification1626
reinforce1757
jacket1854
re-enforce1861
gun hoop1891
1854 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 15 Dec. 78/1 Durability and strength are only to be obtained by constructing the body of the gun of two different metals, a steel lining for the bore, and a cast metal jacket outside to give weight and strength.
1876 Engineering 21 17 This improvement consists in the addition of a steel jacket to the body of the gun from the breech to beyond the trunnions.
1902 Kynoch Jrnl. Apr.–May 79/2 A second gun..having a jacket of cast steel.
2003 W. F. Sater & H. H. Herwig in D. J. Stoker & J. A. Grant Girding for Battle iv. 81 Engineers had underestimated the pressure on the gun's jacket.
13. A cylindrical casing designed to be fitted around the barrel of a machine gun and filled with water, used for dissipating heat generated during firing. Now historical.Earliest in water jacket n. (b) at water n. Compounds 7.
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1884 Times 22 Sept. 6/3 With continuous firing the barrel would become heated, to counteract which it is surrounded by a water jacket.
1885 Engineering 8 May 523/3 The state of his [sc. Mr. Maxim's] exchequer was such that he should be very sorry to be obliged to raise steam in the jacket by firing cartridges out of the gun.
1920 F. P. Stockbridge Yankee Ingenuity in War 298 The old Maxim gun..gave off puffs of steam as the water in the cooling jacket became heated.
1962 J. S. Hatcher Hatcher's Notebk. (ed. 3) v. 102 The weight of the Heavy Browning is 36½ pounds with water in the jacket.
2015 J. Whitchurch in P. Liddle Brit. goes to War xiii. 201 The water in the jacket would start to evaporate after roughly 750 rounds had been fired.
14. A hard casing, typically made of metal, that partially or fully surrounds the core of a bullet, protecting it from the effects of heat of friction generated during firing. Cf. metal jacket n. at metal n. and adj. Compounds 2 and full-metal-jacket n.
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society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shell > bullet > outer casing
thimblec1860
jacket1889
full-metal-jacket1913
1889 United Service Mar. 258 The lead bullets of the recent small-bore rifles are all covered with an envelope or jacket of some harder metal.
1945 C. E. Balleisen Princ. Firearms ii. 16 This form requires that much of the bullet jacket be deformed sharply by the grooves.
1977 Field & Stream Oct. 102/3 All modern sporting bullets..have two things in common: a lead core..and a jacket of tougher stuff, usually an alloy of copper.
2010 C. A. Catanese et al. in C. A. Catanese Color Atlas Forensic Med. & Pathol. 283/2 Sometimes the jacket and the slug may separate and produce two separate irregular entrance wounds.
15. A steel frame which is fixed to the sea bed to support the platform of an oil rig or similar marine structure.
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society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > oil rig > [noun] > steel frame supporting platform
jacket1958
1958 World Oil 146 180/3 The jackets for the platforms consist of vertical 33-inch pipes which extend from 8 feet below the ocean floor to 10 feet above mean Gulf level.
1989 Constr. News 8 June 72/4 A £15 million contract for the construction of a riser platform..consists of a 5,500 tonne jacket, a 1,300 tonne deck and 2,000 tonnes of piling.
2016 N. N. Samie Pract. Engin. Managem. Offshore Oil & Gas Platforms ii. 162 In the next step the jacket is lowered on the seabed.
Phrases
P1. † jacket of mail n. Obsolete a padded tunic or doublet containing a layer of mail, worn as an alternative to armour; cf. jack of mail at jack n.1 2.
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1454 in P. E. Jones Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall (1954) V. 146 (MED) [A] jaket [of] maile, 20 s.
1473 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1865) III. 205 I gyfe..to my iij sonys iij jakettes of male.
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1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Accoustrer Il s'accoustre bien, He stuffes himselfe soundly, hee lines his iacket throughly with liquor.
P3. colloquial, English regional, and U.S. regional. to dust (also thrash, tan, etc.) a person's jacket and variants: to beat or thrash (a person). Cf. jacket v. 3, jacketing n. 3.Cf. also to pink a person's jacket at pink v.1 2d, in which jacket appears to refer to a garment rather than a person's skin.
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the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > beat [verb (intransitive)] > specifically a person
to lay ona1225
to dust a person's jacket1630
to brush one's coat for him1665
to give (one) sock(s)1699
pepper1829
lam1875
beast1990
1630 T. Randolph Aristippus 8 Now you Calues-skin impudence, I'll thresh your Iacket.
1698 T. Dilke Pretenders ii. 20 Hussy I'll thump your Jacket for this.
1699 G. Farquhar Love & Bottle v. ii. 58 Tell me presently..Sirrah, or I'll dust the secret out of your Jacket.
1734 Round about Coal Fire (ed. 4) ii. 14 I will swinge his Jacket for him.
1807 Eagle (Staunton, Va.) 28 Aug. 4/2 Go in peace, or I will dust thy jacket with this horse-whip.
1889 Ipswich Jrnl. 12 Apr. 5/6 Smith again stated that he would thrash the woman's jacket when he came out.
1895 ‘Rosemary’ Under Chilterns i. 31 Master told me as 'ow 'ee'd dusted 'is jacket for 'im.
1910 C. Ulrich In Plum Valley ii. 35 So he's been listening to things that don't concern him! I'll warm his jacket good tomorrow.
2000 E. F. Palencia Brier Country 36 I can still tan your jacket, don't matter how old you are!
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1851 New Sporting Mag. Aug. 103 It is said that from this cause Templeman sent in his jacket towards the close of last season.
1856 ‘The Druid’ Post & Paddock xii. 214 If masters..force a senior jockey to retain their jacket, they are bound to give him their mounts, and not to..prevent him from seeking for more considerate masters elsewhere.
1884 H. Smart From Post to Finish III. iii. 43 Handsomely as Sir Marmaduke had always behaved to him, he could not forget that the baronet had taken his jacket away.
1906 Eng. Illustr. Mag. Dec. 252/1 Fordham sent in his jacket; Archer sent in his jacket; two trainers requested his lordship to remove his horses from their stables.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
a. In sense 1, as jacket button, jacket collar, jacket cuff, jacket hood, jacket lapel, jacket lining, jacket pocket, jacket zipper, etc.
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1743 London Evening Post 10-12 Feb. 1/3 Luckily for Love he happen'd to have his Commission in his Jacket Pocket when attack'd.
1774 P. V. Fithian Jrnl. 11 June in Jrnl. & Lett. (1965) 119 Bought..nine Jacket-Buttons.
1786 M. A. Meilan tr. A. Berquin Children's Friend X. 49 Here, pass this bobbin thro' the jacket collar.
1810 Splendid Follies I. 119 The laundress..had left a deep triangular singe in the very centre of the jacket-back.
1865 C. M. Sawyer in Ladies' Repository Oct. 143/1 The man coolly took the pencil and wrote; but it was evident..that his crowtracks bore little resemblance to the specimen found in his jacket-lining.
1885 World of Fashion Dec. 3/2 Each side, at the point where the short jacket front ends, is ornamented by a handsome loop and long end of wide velvet ribbon.
1888 Delineator Oct. 222/2 Jacket fabrics of all varieties are adapted to the mode.
1906 C. F. Hall in A. S. Draper & C. Welsh Self Culture for Young People VI. 264 In the jacket-hood of Puto was her child.
1918 Dry Goods Economist 23 Feb. 43/1 Navy blue is the color most in evidence, when the jacket size is 42 to 50, as tan is not so well suited to the large figure.
1978 Washington Post (Nexis) 23 Mar. (Final ed.) b1 Skinnier ties and shirt collars and narrower jacket lapels and pocket flaps.
1982 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 14 July (Late City Final ed.) c10/3 Do you want to know how hot or how cold it is? Just fasten a tiny thermometer to your belt or jacket zipper.
2016 Hartford (Connecticut) Courant (Nexis) 7 Aug. f3 Sporty details include..elasticized jacket cuffs in black.
b. In sense 11a, as jacket art, jacket artwork, jacket blurb, jacket illustration, jacket layout, jacket photograph, jacket quote, jacket text, etc.
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1912 Internat. Studio Apr. 24 (advt.) Frontispiece and jacket illustration by Will Foster.
1921 Independent & Weekly Rev. 1 Oct. 16/2 So with John Dos Passos's ‘Three Soldiers’..which (see the jacket blurb), ‘says exactly what the youth of America thinks of War, Modern Society and Its Morals’.
1947 Publishers Weekly 4 Jan. 83/1 Few laymen, including myself, know much about lettering or have a full appreciation as to the correctness and eye appeal of jacket layout.
1947 Bookbinding & Bk. Production July 67/3 Most of the books shown demonstrated effective methods of utilizing jacket art for cover decoration.
1948 Publishers' Weekly 8 May 1979 Original jacket artwork will be featured.
1948 Bk. Buyer's Guide Oct. 39/2 Prentice-Hall will have a special promotion tie-up for Eleanore King's ‘Glorify Yourself’. The program has developed out of the jacket photograph.
1965 Library Jrnl. 1 Apr. 1700/2 It is regrettable that neither the book nor jacket text outlines the contents of the subsequent volumes.
1976 Indexer Oct. 93/2 The index..should be provided by the publisher much as he provides prelims and jacket copy.
1982 Washington Post (Nexis) 14 Feb. (Final ed.) (Book World section) 15 Over the years the mystique surrounding him [sc. Thomas Pynchon] has grown, for a few book collectors at least, to include the jacket quotes he infrequently gives out.
1995 Daily Tel. 14 Mar. 17/6 Penguin has also brought out an edition with an identical jacket design.
2014 Arts & Bk. Rev. (Nexis) 16 Aug. (Books section) 24 The jacket image suggests Fleming's privileged Old-Etonian lifestyle.
C2. † jacket knife n. Obsolete a knife carried or concealed inside one's jacket.† jacket stuff n. Obsolete a fabric or other material for making jackets; cf. jacketing n. 2.† jacket-way n. Obsolete the manner of a jacket.In quot. with reference to the length of a skirt.
jacket bodice n. now historical a dress bodice which comes down over the skirt like a jacket.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > underwear > [noun] > bodice
waistcoat1580
petticoat body1585
bodicea1625
jump1666
jacket bodice1856
camisole1866
spencer1881
bust bodice1889
liberty bodice1892
petticoat bodice1919
cami1995
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown > parts of > bodice > types of
shirt front1808
jacket bodice1856
cuirass1883
1856 Berrow's Worcester Jrnl. 3 May 1/6 Jacket bodices trimmed with narrow capes or braces arranged from the shoulders, are more worn than ever.
1889 Tablet 3 Aug. 167 Over her jacket-bodice she wears a woollen shawl.
1921 Amer. Cloak & Suit Rev. Feb. 163/2 A little pointed jacket bodice showing a tendency to smoothness above a five yard circular skirt.
2015 P. G. Tortora & S. B. Marcketti Surv. Hist. Costume xii. 336/2 Some front-buttoning jacket bodices had short basques (extensions of the bodice below the waist).
jacket coat n. originally Scottish a coat similar to a jacket; a relatively short and lightweight coat.
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1511 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 235 To be hyme ane jaccat coit.
1765 J. Bartram Diary 16 Sept. in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. (1942) 33 26/2 For these thre days I have wore A Jacket Coat & great coat & yet sometimes hardly warm enough in A chamber.
1821 Morning Post 3 Dec. It was neither jacket-coat, surtout, pelisse, nor tunic, but a mixture of all four.
1906 Country Life Amer. Aug. 466/2 White lisle gloves and a jacket coat or bolero complete the costume.
1995 Daily Herald (Chicago) 5 Dec. iii. 2/1 I have found a perfect pattern for an un-lined jacket-coat, Butterick 3026.
jacket crown n. Dentistry a hollow artificial crown, usually made of porcelain, gold, or acrylic resin, which is fitted over the stump of a tooth.
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the world > health and disease > healing > dentistry > [noun] > a restoration > crown
crown1781
pivot tooth1842
crown cap1876
jacket crown1891
post crown1905
three-quarter veneer1924
veneer crown1927
veneer1930
1891 Dental Cosmos 33 128 To overcome this one of the many devices as suggested by Dr. C. H. Land, called the ‘jacket’ crown, was employed.
1966 L. Deighton Billion-dollar Brain xix. 197 One of my jacket crowns is loose.
2010 J. A. von Fraunhofer Dental Materials at Glance xix. 39/2 High-fusing porcelains are primarily used for jacket crowns or denture teeth.
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1806 Naval Chron. 15 453 The crew lost their jacket knives.
1876 Reynolds's Newspaper 2 Jan. Then I remembered my jacket knife.
1911 Advance 20 Apr. 488/3 Armed with the permit he goes to the bathhouse, where he is told to shed all his valuables, including everything from thousand dollar bills to jacket knives, into a small drawer.
jacket potato n. originally and chiefly British †(a) an (uncooked) unpeeled potato (obsolete rare); (b) a potato cooked whole and served in its skin; (now) esp. = baked potato n. at baked adj. Compounds 2; cf. jacket spud n.
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the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > prepared vegetables and dishes > [noun] > prepared potatoes > jacket potato
baked potato1772
jacket potato1846
jacket1948
jacket spud1981
1846 Preston Guardian 11 Apr. They were jacket potatoes, and had been grown in a light soil.
1877 J. Leng America in 1876 15 Mashed, Chopped, and Jacket Potatoes.
1928 J. Galsworthy Swan Song i. v. 37 A young woman was handing him ‘jacket’ potatoes.
2013 Waitrose Kitchen July 18 (advt.) Transform your burger, pizza, jacket potato and chilli con carne with a delicious slice of..mature Cheddar cheese.
jacket poultice n. now historical and rare a poultice, typically made of linseed meal, applied around or to the front and back of the chest, esp. for the treatment of pneumonia.
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the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress
plasterOE
clydec1325
emplastera1382
entretea1400
pottagea1400
poulticea1400
faldellac1400
treatc1400
Gratia Dei?a1425
magdaleon?a1425
strictorya1425
grace of Godc1450
emplastrum?1541
malagma?1541
sparadrap1543
spasmadrap?a1547
plasture?1550
mustard plaster1562
cataplasm1563
oint-plaster1578
quilt1583
compress1599
compression1599
diachylum-plaster1599
pulment1599
pulvinar1599
frontlet1600
sinapism1601
epithemation1615
diapalma1646
opodeldoc1646
attraction1656
treacle plaster1659
melilot emplaster1676
stay1676
oxycroceum1696
melilot plaster1712
adhesive1753
bag1753
mustard poultice1765
soap plaster1789
water dressing1830
poor man's plaster1833
compressor1851
spongiopiline1851
vinegar-poultice1854
water-strapping1854
pitch-plaster1858
jacket poultice1862
mustard leaf1869
mustard paper1874
piline1874
plaster-mull1890
mustard cloth1897
plaster-muslin1899
antiphlogistin1901
1862 T. K. Chambers in Lancet 2 Aug. 127/2 Jacket poultices, occasionally cupping or leeches, where there is pneumonia.
1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 149 A jacket poultice of linseed is a common and for the most part a good application.
1921 F. R. Walters Domiciliary Treatm. Tuberculosis xiii. 153 As jacket poultices or hot fomentations or antiphlogistin would not be convenient during open-air treatment, ichthyol..might be given.
1936 R. H. Sessions Sixty-odd 293 She had accompanied me home, had put a glycerine jacket-poultice over little Hannah's lungs, and given Archie a dose of phenacetine.
jacket sleeve n. (a) the sleeve of a jacket; (b) a close-fitting, protective cover for a record, typically in the form of a cardboard or paper envelope; = sense 11b.
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society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > other parts
jacket sleeve1599
album cover1839
label1907
jacket1935
record sleeve1951
1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. 78/1 Coráça, or Cibolléte, a trusse, a iacket sleeues, a mandillion.
1751 R. Paltock Life Peter Wilkins I. xv. 152 You would not wear this nasty cumbersome Coat, (taking hold of my Jacket Sleeve) if you were not afraid of shewing the Signs of a bad Life upon your natural Cloathing.
1870 M. Reid Castaways vii. 47 On turning, he at once beheld the missile that had rent his jacket-sleeve lying on the sand beside him.
1959 Amer.-German Rev. Apr.–May 33/2 German texts, English précis, and explanatory notes are given on the jacket sleeve.
1985 Washington Post (Nexis) 22 Dec. (Final ed.) h1 The Erteguns amassed 25,000 blues and jazz records, all catalogued and indexed, with personnel written on jacket sleeves.
2003 R. Cameron Nineteen Seventy-Nine i. 12 His jacket sleeves rolled up over his bare olive arms.
jacket spud n. originally and chiefly British a potato baked whole and served in its skin; = baked potato n. at baked adj. Compounds 2; cf. jacket potato n.
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1981 Times 18 Dec. (Preview section) p. xxii/6 New, and certainly worth a try if you are a potato lover—jacket spuds, stuffed in style, are the forté of this establishment.
1994 Guardian 4 Nov. (Friday section)18/3 Circus Food Court flanks bistro-ish tables: Chinese, burgers, pizzas, jacket spuds, plus a toddlers' play zone.
2017 Yorks. Evening Post (Nexis) 21 July There were other options, such as toasties, jacket spuds and a sizzling steak sarnie for a very reasonable-sounding £6.25.
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1842 Daily Atlas (Boston) 29 Apr. (advt.) Summer Pant and Jacket Stuffs.
1886 North Amer. (Philadelphia) 23 Sept. Don't make the mistake of supposing that because we mention only the lowest prices the stock is lean in the richest jacket stuffs.
jacket suit n. a man's or woman's suit of which one component is a matching jacket.
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1791 J. E. Weeks Prude iii. iv. 52 Nov. And then, I may offer to ask her is she marry'd and proceed regularly, like a Chancery suit, with answers and rejoinders. Spa. I hope twon't be as tedious as a Chancery suit. Nov. No faith, I intend to make it as short as a jacket suit, egad.
1841 Liverpool Mercury 28 May 1/4 An Assortment of the most Fashionable London and Parisian style of Plain and richly Braided Tunic Suits, Hussar Dresses, and Jacket Suits.
1909 Scotsman 20 Feb. 8/7 The police description of the missing man is:..dress, brown jacket suit,..sweater with fall-down collar, which he wears turned up and fastened with safety pin.
2016 Nation (Thailand) (Nexis) 24 Jan. The motto there is ‘Excellence through dedication’ and it shows in the clothes, including simple yet elegant jacket suits, slick trousers and shirts made with top-quality materials, perfect for formal occasions.
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1643 W. Davenant Vnfortunate Lovers ii. 15 What skirt's in fashion now the Jacket-way; Downe to the hammes?
Derivatives
ˈjacketless adj. without a jacket.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing clothing for body (and limbs) > wearing a jacket > not
jacketless1836
1836 Herald (N.Y.) 15 Sept. The ordinary London audience, which in point of sagacity, taste and discernment, are..certainly hardly equal to the Bowery jacketless fellows.
1951 Domest. Engin. Mar. 94/2 Contractors are not likely to see the jacketless boiler and furnace of the last war.
1970 P. Andrew Man with your Advantages vi. 75 A jacketless book on that beige wartime paper covered in speckles like squashed insects.
2004 New Yorker 31 May 48/1 A damp wind was blowing, and a bank of clouds hovered over the city, but the boy was jacketless.
ˈjacket-like adj. (of a garment) resembling or reminiscent of a jacket.
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1772 N. Hulme Treat. Puerperal Fever iv. 64 A short jacket-like shift, reaching only as low as the navel.
1917 Amer. Museum Jrnl. 17 174/2 The down was stripped from the ribs of the feathers and wrapped about the cords, which were then woven into jacket-like garments such as have been found upon the dead in various parts of the Southwest.
2016 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 14 July (Late ed.) d6 The guayabera, the jacket-like shirt popular throughout the Caribbean.
ˈjackety adj. colloquial (of a garment) resembling or reminiscent of a jacket; = jacket-like adj.
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1849 R. S. Surtees Soapey Sponge's Sporting Tour ix, in New Monthly Mag. Apr. 401 His coat was a light jackety sort of thing, with little pockets behind.
1934 Woman's Home Compan. Apr. 103/3 Sports and morning blouses are apt to be jackety.
2010 New Yorker 25 Jan. 54/3 I'm pretty much always wearing something black or coaty or jackety.
ˈjacket-wise adv. (a) in the manner of a jacket (now somewhat rare); (b) as regards jackets.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [adverb]
a belefc1400
scarf-wise1581
jacket-wise1587
baldric-wise1590
foldedly1613
scarfways1653
beltwisea1667
polonaise-wise1888
toga-wise1902
stolewise1922
slinkily1935
1587 G. Turberville Tragicall Tales f. 190v Aloft their shirts they weare a garment iocket wise.
1834 Leigh Hunt's London Jrnl. No. 38. 303/2 It consists of a black stuff petticoat, with the body made jacket-wise.
1950 Life 9 Oct. 20/3 (advt.) Jacket-wise, just what you need to make your life in the open more pleasant.
1956 L. Kenyon Pocket Guide Undersea World ii. 25 It is donned jacket-wise, the front being sealed with overlapping flaps and hooked across with covered rubber lacing from waist to neck.
2016 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 24 Aug. 22 Jacket-wise, you'll be spoilt for choice.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
jacketv.
/ˈdʒakɪt/, U.S. /ˈdʒækət/ 1.
a. transitive. To restrain (a person) in a straitjacket.
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society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > binding or fettering > bind, fetter, or shackle [verb (transitive)] > in a straitjacket
jacket1792
strait jacket1814
strait-waistcoat1837
1792 T. Holcroft Anna St. Ives VII. cxxv. 154 None of your gab, I tell you! If you speak another word, I'll have you jacketed.
1856 C. Reade It is never too Late I. xv. 276 He found himself surrounded, jacketed, strapped, and collared.
1875 E. P. W. Packard Mod. Persecution l. 359 To prevent this they jacketed her, so that with her arms thus pinioned they could better restrain her efforts to help herself when in the dining-room.
1915 J. London Jacket 52 They told me plainly that they would jacket me to death if I did not confess.
2001 M. M. Villatoro Home Killings 139 He started howling and banging his skull against the bars. They jacketed him again.
b. transitive. gen. To cover with or enclose in a jacket (in various senses of the noun); spec. (chiefly reflexive) to clothe (a person) in a jacket.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > wrapping > wrap [verb (transitive)] > encase or sheathe
casea1525
to case up1566
ensheath1593
encase1633
shell1637
sheathea1640
invaginate1656
jacket1861
1861 Times 13 May 5/4 The cylinders [of the Mooltan's engines] are ‘jacketed’, as it is termed,—that is, there is an upper pair..and an outer cylinder.
1881 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (ed. 4) 70 The ‘ice-box’ is also a metal chamber,..jacketted all over with a non-conductor.
1900 Westm. Gaz. 15 Aug. 7/1 Unfortunately, there are forty-five waiters to only forty jackets,..perhaps..the managers will be able to scrape together sufficient money to jacket the unhappy five.
1958 E. Percy Some Memories iii. 41 These verses..are, I suppose, still buried in the files of the Foreign Office, for the head of my department had them ‘jacketed’ and sent up the official ladder as far as a sense of humour would carry them.
2011 D. Szalay Spring (2012) iii. iv. 235 He jacketed and scarfed himself, leashed Hugo and went out into the street upstairs.
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1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 181 To jacket a person..is more properly applied to removing a man by underhand and vile means from any birth or situation he enjoys, commonly with a view to supplant him.
1825 Austral. (Sydney) 10 Feb. 3 Maurice Welsh..knew that Griffiths had a spite against the prisoners; heard Griffiths say frequently, he would jacket him.
1867 J. Greenwood Unsentimental Journeys xxvi. 204 I knowed what was coming since that heavenly ganger, bless his precious eyes, jacketed me on Thursday.
1888 J. C. F. Johnson Austral Christmas 48 I'm blessed well sure it was him as blowed the gaff an' jacketted me to the ‘cove’ about them three bottles of grog I brought out from the township.
3. transitive. colloquial and English regional. To beat, thrash. Cf. jacketing n. 3, to dust (also thrash, tan, etc.) a person's jacket at jacket n. Phrases 3. Now rare.Apparently only recorded in dictionaries and glossaries.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > impact > striking > beating or repeated striking > beat [verb (transitive)] > specifically a person
to-beatc893
threshOE
bustc1225
to lay on or upon?c1225
berrya1250
to-bunea1250
touchc1330
arrayc1380
byfrapc1380
boxc1390
swinga1400
forbeatc1420
peal?a1425
routa1425
noddlea1450
forslinger1481
wipe1523
trima1529
baste1533
waulk1533
slip1535
peppera1550
bethwack1555
kembc1566
to beat (a person) black and blue1568
beswinge1568
paik1568
trounce1568
canvass1573
swaddle?1577
bebaste1582
besoop1589
bumfeage1589
dry-beat1589
feague1589
lamback1589
clapperclaw1590
thrash1593
belam1595
lam1595
beswaddle1598
bumfeagle1598
belabour1600
tew1600
flesh-baste1611
dust1612
feeze1612
mill1612
verberate1614
bethumpa1616
rebuke1619
bemaul1620
tabor1624
maula1627
batterfang1630
dry-baste1630
lambaste1637
thunder-thump1637
cullis1639
dry-banga1640
nuddle1640
sauce1651
feak1652
cotton1654
fustigate1656
brush1665
squab1668
raddle1677
to tan (a person's) hide1679
slam1691
bebump1694
to give (a person) his load1694
fag1699
towel1705
to kick a person's butt1741
fum1790
devel1807
bray1808
to beat (also scare, etc.) someone's daylights out1813
mug1818
to knock (a person) into the middle of next week1821
welt1823
hidea1825
slate1825
targe1825
wallop1825
pounce1827
to lay into1838
flake1841
muzzle1843
paste1846
looder1850
frail1851
snake1859
fettle1863
to do over1866
jacket1875
to knock seven kinds of —— out of (a person)1877
to take apart1880
splatter1881
to beat (knock, etc.) the tar out of1884
to —— the shit out of (a person or thing)1886
to do up1887
to —— (the) hell out of1887
to beat — bells out of a person1890
soak1892
to punch out1893
stoush1893
to work over1903
to beat up1907
to punch up1907
cream1929
shellac1930
to —— the bejesus out of (a person or thing)1931
duff1943
clobber1944
to fill in1948
to bash up1954
to —— seven shades of —— out of (a person or thing)1976
to —— seven shades out of (a person or thing)1983
beast1990
becurry-
fan-
1875 W. D. Parish Dict. Sussex Dial. (at cited word) I'll jacket him when he comes in.
1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. (at cited word) I'll jacket you, young man, next time I light on you.
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. (at cited word) He hold'n vast, gin he come out in the churchyard, and then he tookt his stick, and me eyemers, how he did jacket 'n!
1896 J. S. Farmer & W. E. Henley Slang IV. 28/2 Jacket,..2. To thrash; to beat.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1451
v.1792