joinv.¹

Brit.

/dʒɔɪn/, U.S.

/dʒɔɪn/

Forms: Middle English–1600s ioin, 1600s– join; also Middle English ioign, ioygn, Middle English–1500s ione, Middle English–1600s ioyn, (Middle English iony-on, iunge, Middle English–1500s yoyn, iune), 1500s ioine, 1600s–1700s joyn.

Etymology: < Old French joign-, stem of joindre (= Italian giungere) < Latin jungĕre to join: root jug- = Greek ζυγ-, Sanskrit yuj-, Indo-European yug-, whence Old Germanic juk-, English yoke. The rhymes show the pronunciation /dʒaɪn/ in 17–18th cent.; this is still dialectal.

I. transitive. To put together, to unite one thing to another, in any kind of connection physical or immaterial.

a. To put (things) together, so that they become physically united or continuous; to fasten, attach, connect, unite (one thing to another); also, to connect by means of something intervening or attached to each, e.g. two islands by a bridge.

ΚΠ

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 1616 Þe soule þoru godes grace out of helle he broȝte, & to is bodi is ioinede, & ȝef him cristendom.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job xli. 7 Oon to oon is ioyned.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 264/1 Ioynyn, or ionyon, jungo, compagino.

1483 Cath. Angl. 199/2 To Iunge (A. Iune), adiungere, apponere.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 876 Some of them are..strangely ioyned without morter.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 120 Onely a lake when the River overfloweth; joyned thereunto by a chanell.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 77 Consisting of many Ilands joyned with Bridges.

1713 A. Pope Windsor-Forest 17 Oceans join whom they did first divide.

1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture II. 114/1 Joyn the ends of the Timbers together.

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 567 Fig. 569 shews how two pieces may be joined by..a niche.

1885 H. W. Watson & S. H. Burbury Math. Theory Electr. & Magn. I. 244 The pairs are said to be joined in series.

†b. To harness (horses, etc. together, or to a vehicle, or the vehicle to the horses); to yoke.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [verb (transitive)] > harness or yoke

yokeOE

harness13..

cart-saddle1377

join1377

couple1393

enharness1490

benda1522

bind1535

span1550

team1552

spang1580

inyoke1595

trace1605

enclose?1615

gear1638

to get in1687

reharness1775

reyoke1813

to hook up1825

inspan1834

hitch1844

pole1846

stock1909

society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [verb (transitive)] > yoke (a horse, cart, or carriage)

join1377

couple1393

bind1535

to put in1709

to put to1732

to hook up1825

inspan1834

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xix. 260 Grace gaue Piers a teme,..And ioigned to hem one Iohan most gentil of alle, Þe prys nete of Piers plow, passyng alle other.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xlvi. 4 Ioyneth hors, and steȝeth vp, ȝee hors men.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope iii. ii I haue ioyned and bound [a bull and an ox] bothe to gyder.

1621 G. Sandys tr. Ovid First Five Bks. Metamorphosis ii. 32 He bade the light-foot Hours, without delay To ioyn his Steeds.

a1727 I. Newton Chronol. Anc. Kingdoms Amended (1728) i. 144 It was Erechtheus that first joyned a chariot to horses.

†c. To combine in a mixture. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being mixed or blended > mix or blend [verb (transitive)]

mingeOE

blandOE

mongle?c1225

meddlec1350

sprengea1382

compoundc1384

intermeddlec1384

temperc1386

mell1387

found?c1390

joinc1400

intermell1413

commix?a1425

medley?a1425

mix?a1425

amenge?c1450

immix?a1475

immixt?a1475

minglea1475

tremp1480

commixt1481

incarry1486

mixtionc1500

mixta1513

demelle1516

confect1540

intermixt1551

intermingle1555

bemix1559

intermix1562

contemper1567

blenge1570

bemingle1574

contemperate1590

masha1591

commeddle1604

immingle1606

blenda1616

intemper1627

commingle1648

conferment1651

subigate1657

to mix up1672

mould1701

meine1736

caudle1795

combine1799

interblenda1849

inmix1892

meld1936

c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 24 He [the ligament] is ioyned wiþ senewis to make cordis and brawnes.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Bi^v And so ioyned with the golde, it is of more fresshe colour.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 593/1 All the worlde can nat joyne fyre and water togyther.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §50 Pistachoes..joyned with Almonds in almond milk,.. are an excellent nourisher.

d. Geometry. To connect (two points) by a straight line; to draw the straight line between.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > form or represent geometrically [verb (transitive)] > construct or manipulate geometric object

to pull out?a1560

apply1570

coapt1570

quadrate1623

raise1647

join1660

range1670

project1673

rabat1868

unsquare1872

1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements i. 13 If D falls without the triangle ACB, let CD be joyned.

1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements i. 18 Join FC, and IC; and produce ACG.

1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 686 Describe a circle, cutting the ellipsis in the four points k, l, m, n; join k, l, and m, n.

1885 C. Leudesdorf tr. L. Cremona Elements Projective Geom. 72 The straight line which joins a pair of corresponding points.

2. To put or bring into close contact, cause to touch each other. to join hands: see 19.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > nearness > be near to [verb (transitive)] > place near > place in contact

joinc1369

toucha1400

osculate1672

c1369 G. Chaucer Bk. Duchesse 393 A whelpe..Hylde doun hys hede and ioyned hys erys.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xx. 333 Kynge Boors..ioyned his feet and lept vpon the deed bodyes of men..that he hadde slain.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Ioyne lyppes, collabello.

1609 Bible (Douay) I. Num. xxii. 25 The asse..ioyned her~selfe close to the wal, and brused the foote of him that ridde.

1662 R. Mathews Unlearned Alchymist (new ed.) §85. 115 Alwayes ready to join my shoulder unto him that is ready to fall.

1717 A. Pope Eloisa to Abelard in Wks. 435 O'er the pale marble shall they join their heads.

3. To put together, combine, unite (immaterial things, or one with or to another or a person).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > combine [verb (transitive)] > immaterial things

join1340

combine1529

conjoin1588

incorporate1599

to run up1859

elide1952

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 247 Þe yefþe of wysdom..þet is alsuo y-goyned to god.

c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) ii. pr. vi. 43 The yiftes of fortune..neyther they ne Ioignen hem nat alwey to goode men, ne makyn hem alwey goode to whom they ben I-ioigned.

1423 Kingis Quair cxxxiii Lat wisedom ay vnto thy will be Iunyt.

1553 T. Wilson Arte Rhetorique (1580) 169 When we have learned usual and accustomable wordes to set forthe our meanyng, wee ought to ioyne them together in apt order.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccxlvij^v That they..may ioyne theyr prayers with his, that is, with God & religion.

1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iii. xxii. 187 By reason of continuall moisture ioyned to the heate of the burning Zone.

1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 15 in Sylua Syluarum That King also still desiring to ioyn Humanity and Pollicy together.

1700 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) ii. xxxiii. 225 Two Ideas, that they have been accustom'd so to join in their Minds, as to substitute one for the other.

1882 B. A. Hinsdale Garfield & Educ. ii. 248 The disaster that may be brought upon us by ignorance and vice in the citizen when joined to corruption and fraud in the suffrage.

†4. To put (something) to another thing or things, so as to increase the amount or number; to add, annex; to add in contribution. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 1008 Ȝet Ioyned Iohan þe crysolyt, Þe sevenþe gemme in fundament.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Aii Ioynynge also therto the gostly exercise and experience of holy fathers.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. ix. 42 b Terpandre the famous Musition, which ioined the seventh string to the quadricord.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 232 Who, with a Charme ioynd to their suffred labour I haue left asleep.

1645 J. Ussher Body of Divin. (1647) 411 Those five other Sacraments..joyned by the Papists, are superfluous.

1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. viii Obsolete Words may then be laudably reviv'd..when their Obscurity is taken away, by joining other Words to them which clear the Sense.

1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 21 While Expletives their feeble Aid do join.

a. To bring or put (persons, troops, etc.) into one body or company; to unite, combine. to join forces, figurative to combine efforts.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate for common purpose [verb (intransitive)]

jousta1325

ally?a1400

joinc1400

associe1441

confederc1460

to stick together1525

band1530

to join forces1560

colleaguec1565

alliance1569

to enter league1578

unite1579

interleague1590

confederate1591

to join hands1598

combine1608

injointa1616

combinda1626

bandy1633

comply1646

federate1648

leaguea1649

associate1653

coalesce1657

to understand each other1663

sociate1688

to row in the same (also in one) boat1787

rendezvous1817

to make common cause (with)1845

to sing the same song1846

cahoot1857

to gang up1910

jungle1922

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)]

join1560

society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate with for common purpose [verb (transitive)] > bring into association

allyc1325

confeder1380

sociea1387

associate1398

sociate1485

companya1500

band1530

confederate1532

aggregate1534

colleague1535

join1560

enter1563

bandy1597

league1611

colligate1613

club1656

fraternize1656

federalize1787

brigade1831

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccxxiiij^v That he myghte ioyne the munition of hys brother..& hys owne to gether.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 60 Tha conclude, and propones to June thair forces against the Erle Douglas.

1615 J. Stephens Ess. & Characters (new ed.) 341 His first..is to joyne forces, and make up his defects of pollicy..by partaking in anothers projects.

1715 J. Vanbrugh Country House i, in Wks. (1840) 462/2 Let's join companies.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. xi. 256 All the ships being joined, the Commodore made a signal to speak with their Commanders.

†b. reflexive. To attach oneself to, associate oneself with, or go into the company of; to go up to. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (reflexive)]

join13..

fellowshipa1382

adjoin1533

to put together1556

piece1579

sort1579

mixture1582

troopa1592

consort1597

identify1718

associate1881

13.. K. Alis. 4030 He a knyght of Grece slowgh..And joined him us among.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds viii. 29 Come to, and ioyne thee to this chare.

a1400–50 Alexander 1284 He..Ioynes him to Iosaphat: full ioyles he rydes.

1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 167 Seeing these men..to flie,..and to ioine themselves with the Governors his adversaries.

1611 Bible (King James) Acts viii. 29 Then the Spirit saide vnto Philip, Goe neere, and ioyne thy selfe to this charet.

a. To link or unite (persons, etc. together, or one with or to another) in marriage, friendship, or any kind of association, alliance, or relationship; to unite, associate, ally.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)]

gatherc725

fayOE

samc1000

join1297

conjoinc1374

enjoinc1384

assemble1393

compound1393

sociea1398

annex?c1400

ferec1400

marrowc1400

combinec1440

annectc1450

piece?c1475

combind1477

conjunge1547

associate1578

knit1578

sinew1592

splinter1597

patch1604

accouple1605

interjoina1616

withjoina1627

league1645

contignate1651

to bring on1691

splice1803

pan1884

suture1886

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)] > join persons together in association

samc1175

join1297

associec1380

companiona1616

to throw together1772

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > action or fact of marrying > marry [verb (transitive)] > join in marriage

wedOE

join1297

spousec1325

bind1330

couplea1340

to put togethera1387

conjoin1447

accouple1548

matea1593

solemnize1592

espouse1599

faggot1607

noose1664

to give (also conjoin, join, take) in (also to, into) marriage1700

rivet1700

to tie the knot1718

buckle1724

unite1728

tack1732

wedlock1737

marry1749

splice1751

to turn off1759

to tie up1894

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 7257 Normandie þoru þe king & þoru þe quene engelond Iioyned were þo kundeliche as in one monnes hond.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 88 Þis loue and þis wylnynge þet ioyneþ and oneþ zuo þe herte to god.

1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. ii. 106 An ȝif þe Iustise wol Iugge hire to be Ioynet with Fals, Ȝit be-war of þe weddyng.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxv Any waie or meane by the whiche he might reconcile and ioyne in amitee the twoo greate and mightie kynges of Englande and of Fraunce.

1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Matrimonie f. xiii* We are gathered together..to ioyne together this man, and this woman in holy matrimonie.

1611 Bible (King James) Matt. xix. 6 What therefore God hath joyned together, let not man put asunder.

1678 N. Wanley Wonders Little World v. i. §96. 468/1 He was joined Emperour with his Father in his Fathers life-time.

1721 E. Young Revenge iv. i. 45 Life is the Desart, Life the Solitude, Death joins us to the great Majority.

1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) II. xii. 248 With these learned foreigners, the king joined four Anglo-Saxons.

b. reflexive. To unite, associate, or ally oneself (with, to); to enter into alliance.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate for common purpose [verb (reflexive)]

ally?a1400

fellowc1425

accompanya1470

associatea1513

band1530

confederate1531

join1535

rely1577

interleague1590

bandy1597

colleague1599

identify1780

solidarize1888

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Exod. i. 10 Yf there shulde ryse vp eny warre agaynst vs, they might ioyne them selues also vnto oure enemies.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. viij The best felowe & companion that a man in aduersitie can associat or ioyne him self withal.

1611 Bible (King James) Luke xv. 15 He went and ioyned himselfe to a Citizen of that Countrey.

1642 D. Rogers Naaman 11 Prone to joyne themselves purchasers with God, in this great worke.

1882 R. L. Stevenson New Arabian Nights I. 95 You join yourselves to persons of condition..for no other purpose than to escape the consequences of your crimes.

1904 S. J. Weyman Abbess of Vlaye ii. 41 Had I known of what sort they were to whom I was joining myself.

II. intransitive. To come or be put together in any kind of connection physical or immaterial.

7. To come or be brought into material contact or connection; to become connected or fastened together; to combine, unite physically.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > be or become joined together [verb (intransitive)]

loukOE

joinc1330

accede?a1475

withjoina1500

knit1548

close1551

conjoin1578

cojoina1616

copulate1645

convene1666

c1330 Arth. & Merl. 5426 Alle the other com after tho, Ioinand bi hond to and to.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. xvii. 51 Therfore behoueth us to Ioyne to the erthe.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 592/2 The ryver of Tames begynneth where Tame and Yse ioyne togyther.

1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 ii. i. 29 See, see, they ioine [1623 ioyne], embrace, and seeme to kisse.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 101 Long taild (being thicke where it joynes to the body).

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 150 Two timber-beams, joyning angle-wise under it.

1639 T. B. tr. J.-P. Camus Certain Moral Relations in S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 308 All he could doe, was to make the Serpents head joyne to the tayle, I meane, make the first day of the yeare touch the last without borrowing.

1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 6 In twisting into a thread they joyn, and lie so close together, as to lose their own, and destroy each others particular reflections.

1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 198 The female joins with the male, as is asserted, more humano, and once in two years feels the accesses of desire.

1828 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I I. iv. 90 Parallel lines can no more join together in politics than in geometry.

1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. colloq. I tried to fit the pieces together, but they wouldn't join.

8. (Expressing the resulting condition.) To be in contact; to be contiguous or adjacent; to adjoin. †Const. to, upon, with.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > nearness > be near [verb (intransitive)] > be adjacent

joinc1325

adjoin1425

marge1494

limit1613

sidea1647

verge1789

abut1826

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward [verb (transitive)] > attack with arguments

objectc1460

assaila1500

assault1551

wring1567

contestate?1572

question1613

join1632

contest1663

concert1689

c1325 Coer de L. 4082 Under the brygge there is a swyke, Corven clos, joynand queyntlyke.

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde v. 813 Here browes Ioyneden y-fere.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 751 Þat preui pleyng place..Ioyned wel iustly to meliors chamber.

1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 307 Þey haveþ þrittene celles.. bote þey joyneþ al to gidres.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) vi. 22 Araby..ioynes apon Ydumee.

1480 W. Caxton Descr. Brit. 21 Cornewayle is in englond and ioyneth to deuenshire.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Acts xviii. 7 Iustus..whose house ioyned harde to the sinagoge.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xiii. 47 Two sides are washed by the sea, and the thyrd ioyneth vnto the firme land.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. 24 Whose breadth is narrow, and where it joyneth with both seas, it is but sixty miles.

1781 S. Peters Gen. Hist. Connecticut 164 The houses are..well built, but, as I have observed in general of the towns on Connecticut, do not join.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 443 It joins to the sea on the east side of the island.

1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. On the side where the two gardens join.

9. Of non-physical contact:

†a. To come close together in time; to follow or precede something else immediately. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > accompaniment > accompany [verb (intransitive)] > accompany each other

joinc1540

the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > succession or following in time > ensue or come next [verb (intransitive)] > follow or precede immediately

join1697

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11882 The last Ioy of ioly men Ioynys with sorow.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 144 Three flashes of blue Light'ning gave the sign Of Cov'nants broke, three peals of Thunder joyn .

b. To come together or exist together, in operation, as associated qualities, etc.

ΚΠ

1593 Queen Elizabeth I tr. Boethius De Consolatione Philosophiæ in Queen Elizabeth's Englishings (1899) ii. met. vi. 37 O grevous hap whan wicked Sword To cruel Venom Joingnes.

1639 S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 53 The condition of a souldiour, and that of a merchant are not used to joyne together.

1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 22 Where Denham's Strength, and Waller's Sweetness join [rhyme line].

1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxxvi. 56 Tho' truths in manhood darkly join .

10.

†a. To attach oneself to, associate oneself with (= sense 5b). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate together or with [verb (intransitive)]

mingc1275

company1387

joinc1390

meddlec1390

herd?a1400

fellowshipc1430

enfellowship1470

to step in1474

accompany?1490

yoke?a1513

to keep with ——c1515

conjoin1532

wag1550

frequent1577

encroach1579

consort1588

sort1595

commerce1596

troop1597

converse1598

to keep (also enter, come into, etc.) commons1598

to enter common1604

atone1611

to walk (also travel) in the way with1611

minglea1616

consociate1638

associate1644

corrive1647

co-unite1650

walk1650

cohere1651

engage1657

mix1667

accustom1670

to make one1711

coalite1735

commerciate1740

to have nothing to say to (also with)1780

gang?1791

companion1792

mess1795

matea1832

comrade1865

to go around1904

to throw in with1906

to get down1975

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)]

seeOE

drawc1275

mella1300

meeta1325

fellow1340

usec1384

conjoinc1386

joinc1390

knitc1400

accompany1461

enfellowship1470

frequent1477

haunt1477

mixa1513

encompanya1533

combinea1535

contract1548

to take with ——1562

associate1581

to have a saying toa1593

cope1594

sort1594

to take in1597

consort1600

herd1606

factionate1611

to keep company (with)a1616

accost1633

solder1641

converse1649

walk1650

consociate1653

coalite1734

to get with ——a1772

forgather1786

unionize1810

to go rounda1867

to mix in1870

cop1940

c1390 (?c1350) Joseph of Arimathie (1871) l. 407 Hiderward he ioynes, with sixti þousent..of clene men of Armes, And Fifti þousend fot-men.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 512 His comaundment to kepe sho hir course held, and Ioynet by Iason iustly to sit.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. l His horsmen..to ioyne with him against the rereward of Fraunce.

1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 255 That such as followed the kings partie..might ioine with them.

1679 W. Penn Addr. Protestants ii. 87 Philip joyn'd to him and askt him, If he understood what he read?

b. Of two or more: To come together, come into company.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (intransitive)] > combine

unite1692

join1706

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of people or animals

gathera975

ensemblea1300

drawc1300

semble1389

herd1393

assemblea1400

routa1400

sanka1400

trume?a1400

musterc1425

convene1429

resemblea1450

to draw together1455

forgather1513

accompany1534

troop1565

congregate1570

to get together1575

parliament?1589

accoil1590

join1706

to roll up1817

congressa1850

to round up1879

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) To Joyn, to..come together, to agree.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xviii. 235 These orders had been given before it was known at Versailles that the Dutch and English fleets had joined.

†11. Astrology. To come into conjunction. Also passive. To be in conjunction. See conjunction n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > planet > position of planet > aspect > [verb (transitive)] > conjunction

joinc1400

c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §4. 19 And that he be nat retrograd ne combust, ne ioigned with no shrewe in the same signe.

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1845) xxxiii. 161 Whan clere Diana joyned with Mercury, The crystall ayre and assured firmament Were all depured.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 460 Observe the starry Signs, Where Saturn houses, and where Hermes joins .

12. To come together or meet in conflict; to engage in conflict, encounter. ? Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)] > join or meet in battle

to come togetherOE

to lay togetherc1275

smitec1275

to have, keep, make, smite, strike, battle1297

joustc1330

meetc1330

copec1350

assemblea1375

semblea1375

coup?a1400

to fight togethera1400

strikea1400

joinc1400

to join the battle1455

to commit battle?a1475

rencounter1497

to set ina1500

to pitch a battlea1513

concura1522

rescounter1543

scontre1545

journey1572

shock1575

yoke1581

to give in1610

mix1697

to engage a combat1855

to run (or ride) a-tilt1862

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > meeting or encounter > meet or encounter [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of people

meeteOE

joinc1400

to meet up1884

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 97 Oþer sum segg hym bi-soȝt of sum siker knyȝt To joyne wyth hym in iustyng, in joparde to lay.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 593/1 Thoughe he be called never so peryllous, I dare joyne with hym.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 12965 Þat he might ryde with þat Orest & his ranke oste, To Ioyne with Engest for his vniust werkes.

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. lxxxij^v When both armies were ready to ioyne in battel.

1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 289 The captaine with great dexteritie to avoide the shotte, ioyned with them towards the prooe, and boorded the gallion.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 i. ii. 209 Looke you pray..that our armies ioyne [1623 ioyn] not in a hote day.

1714 A. Pope Rape of Lock (new ed.) iii. 21 Strait the three Bands prepare in Arms to join.

13.

a. To enter into association or alliance, to combine in action or purpose (= 6b).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate for common purpose [verb (intransitive)]

jousta1325

ally?a1400

joinc1400

associe1441

confederc1460

to stick together1525

band1530

to join forces1560

colleaguec1565

alliance1569

to enter league1578

unite1579

interleague1590

confederate1591

to join hands1598

combine1608

injointa1616

combinda1626

bandy1633

comply1646

federate1648

leaguea1649

associate1653

coalesce1657

to understand each other1663

sociate1688

to row in the same (also in one) boat1787

rendezvous1817

to make common cause (with)1845

to sing the same song1846

cahoot1857

to gang up1910

jungle1922

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 726 Schal þay falle in þe faute þat oþer frekez wroȝt & ioyne to her iuggement her iuise to haue?

1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 136 We will nocht only nocht iwne with ȝow generalie in religioun,..bot aluterlie fle ȝour cumpanie.

1581 R. Mulcaster Positions v. 34 I do thinke that all my countreymen will ioyne with me, and allow their children the vse, of their letter and penne.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 820 (note) Negro-slaves..ioyning with the Indians, used to robbe the Spaniards.

1745 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1851) V. 5 Their own security will oblige them to join with the enemy.

b. with const. To associate oneself or take part in an action, or to do something.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate together or with [verb (intransitive)] > participate

common1357

to take partc1384

communea1393

participe1511

participate1531

join1560

share1570

to bear a part1596

intercommon1626

to join in1785

to be in it1819

to stand in1858

to get into (also in on) the act1947

(to be) in on the act1951

to muck in1952

to opt in1966

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xxxix Desyring them to ioyne with hym in disputation.

1584 H. Llwyd & D. Powel Hist. Cambria 111 The princes to ioine in their enterprise.

a1699 T. Comber Hist. Liturgies in Compan. Temple (1702) II. 36 The People vocally joyned in the Hymns and Psalms.

1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 19. ⁋2 He makes it his business to join in Conversation with Envious Men.

1816 P. B. Shelley Dæmon of World in Alastor 96 The elements of all that human thought Can frame of lovely or sublime, did join To rear the fabric of the fane.

1896 Law Times Rep. 73 689/2 He..insisted that S. Lord..must join in the conveyance to him.

c. also absol. to join in (the action being understood from the context).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate together or with [verb (intransitive)] > participate

common1357

to take partc1384

communea1393

participe1511

participate1531

join1560

share1570

to bear a part1596

intercommon1626

to join in1785

to be in it1819

to stand in1858

to get into (also in on) the act1947

(to be) in on the act1951

to muck in1952

to opt in1966

1785 G. Morris in J. Sparks Life G. Morris (1832) III. 459 The government joins in and agrees to the depreciation.

1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. Some of them were singing. Presently other voices joined in.

III. transitive. To form (a resulting whole) by the combination of parts.

14. To construct or compose (a whole) by putting parts together; esp. to make (wooden furniture, etc.) in this way, as a joiner n. (see also joined adj.¹ 2). In quot. c1400, To unite the edges of (a wound) in order to healing; in quot.c1386, To compound (a word). Obsolete except in phrases: see 21.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > build or construct with wood [verb (transitive)] > join

joinc1386

table1794

saddle1857

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > word-formation > form words [verb (transitive)] > compound

joinc1386

compound1530

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > treatments uniting or replacing parts > unite or replace parts [verb (transitive)] > unite fractures, wounds, etc. > heal a wound > unite edges of wound

joinc1386

c1386 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 95 Cecile, as I writen fynde, Is ioyned by a manere conioynynge Of heuene and lia.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 21270 Þe quelis ar ioyned with mani a dowle.

a1400–50 Alexander 4458 For iolite of Iupiter ȝe ioyen vp templis.

c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 34 Brynge þe parties of þe wounde togideris, þat it may be weel ioyned.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 316/2 Joyned as a stole or any other thynge is by the joyners crafte.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. iii. 78 This fellow wil but ioyne you together, as they ioyne Wainscot.

IV. transitive. To come into contact, contiguity, company, or union with. elliptical for join oneself to ( 5b), join to ( 10a).

15.

a. To come or go into local contact or association with; to go to and accompany (a person); to come to and take up one's post in (one's regiment, ship, or the like).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > accompany or associate with [verb (transitive)]

seeOE

to bear (a person) company (also fellowship, etc.)c1225

mella1300

fellowshipa1382

companya1400

accompany1461

to keep company (with)1502

encompanya1513

to keep (a person) company1517

to take repast1517

assist1553

to take up with1570

rempare1581

to go along with1588

amate1590

bear1590

to fall in1593

consort1598

second1600

to walk (also travel) in the way with1611

comitate1632

associate1644

enhaunt1658

join1713

assort1823

sit1828

companionize1870

to take tea with1888

to knock about with1915

tote1977

fere-

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > meeting or encounter > meet or encounter [verb (transitive)] > as intended result of going to

to meet withc1300

meeta1325

join1713

1713 R. Steele Englishman No. 29. 186 A young Fellow joyns us from t'other End of the Room.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. xiv. 283 It would have been impossible..to have kept them from joining us.

1793 Ld. Nelson 26 Jan. in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) I. 298 I think the Ship will be commissioned within a fortnight and I shall join her directly.

1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple III. iii. 46 I reported myself to the admiral, and joined my brig.

1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Alice I. i. iii. 20 Then she joined her mother and Mrs. Leslie at breakfast.

1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. 83 Here they seem to have been joined by other fugitives and soldiers of fortune.

b. To associate or ally oneself with, attach oneself to, take part with (a person, party, etc.); to become a member or associate of (a society, staff of workers, etc.); to take part with another or others in (an action). to join the (great or silent) majority, to die: see majority n.¹ 3c.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [verb (intransitive)] > become a member

enter1389

join1716

to sign up1875

pledge1887

society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [verb (transitive)] > become member of

enter1517

join1716

pledge1856

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)] > participate with > participate in

enterparta1413

to be art and part in (also of)1442

to have art or (and) part ina1500

enjoin1546

share1570

to have (also take, etc.) a share in1572

to have a hand in1583

fellow1596

share1600

to contribute to (also for) or to do1605

to fall in1651

join1716

to opt into1968

1716 J. Gay Trivia iii. 58 Injur'd Tenants joyn the Hunters' Cries.

1738 A. Pope One Thousand Seven Hundred & Thirty Eight Dialogue II 5 Or if a Court or Country's made a Job, Go drench a Pick-pocket, and join the Mob.

1782 W. Cowper Hope in Poems 178 Rocks, groves and streams must join him in his praise.

1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 81 I..promise..to join the other bishops in all that they shall decide in conformity with the canon law.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxiii. 164 He..asked me whether I would join him in an ascent of the Dom.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People v. §1. 220 The blind King of Bohemia, who had joined Philip's army.

1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. Ten new members have joined the society. How long is it since he joined your staff? Many converts have joined the church.

c. absol. (in sense 15a or 15b).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military organization > enlistment or recruitment > enlist soldiers [verb (intransitive)] > enlist as a soldier

to take wages1338

shoulder1594

to take service1634

list1643

to take the shilling1707

enlist1776

to shoulder walnut1838

join1844

to join up1916

attest1917

1844 C. J. Lever Tom Burke I. xxi. 155 When do you join?—where is your regiment?

1896 Daily News 28 Dec. 6/3 An old convict was brought in whilst we were there. He had only ‘joined’ that day.

1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. Is he a member of our society? When did he join?

d. to join up: to enlist in the army.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military organization > enlistment or recruitment > enlist soldiers [verb (intransitive)] > enlist as a soldier

to take wages1338

shoulder1594

to take service1634

list1643

to take the shilling1707

enlist1776

to shoulder walnut1838

join1844

to join up1916

attest1917

society > armed hostility > military organization > enlistment or recruitment > enlist (soldiers) [verb (transitive)] > enlist in (regiment, etc.)

to join up1916

1916 ‘B. Cable’ Action Front 5 Just joined up to get a finger in the fighting?

1922 D. H. Lawrence England my England 40 Egbert went and joined up immediately, as a private soldier.

1934 J. T. Farrell Young Manhood Studs Lonigan i. 20 He stepped up to a beefy-faced sergeant... ‘We came to join up.’

1943 J. B. Priestley Daylight on Sat. xxxviii. 301 I wish you'd leave here—join up or something.

16. Of a thing:

a. To become or be connected or continuous with (something else).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > fact or action of being connected or connecting > connect [verb (transitive)] > make continuous (with) > become continuous with

joina1719

a1719 J. Addison Dialogues Medals in Wks. (1721) I. ii. 483 The two hands that joyn one another are Emblems of Fidelity.

1855 Ld. Tennyson Brook in Maud & Other Poems 103 I chatter, chatter, as I flow To join the brimming river.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. viii. 57 A rivulet..was joined by the stream whose track I had pursued.

1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. The Cherwell joins the Thames just below Oxford.

b. To be adjacent to, to adjoin.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > distance > nearness > be near to [verb (transitive)] > be adjacent to

adjoina1375

accost1596

join1837

1837 F. Palgrave Merchant & Friar (1844) 90 The bare-worn places join one another, all the grass between them is destroyed.

1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod.His land joins mine.

V. Phrases, from preceding senses.

†17. to join action: To enter upon a debate or dispute. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward for discussion [verb (intransitive)] > engage in debate

to join issue1551

to join action1588

1588 R. Greene Perimedes sig. Diii Perymides hearing his wife to alledge such sound reasons for Gamsters, thought to ioyne action with her in this manner. You resemble wife those subtill Lawyers, that onely alledge that clause in their euidence, which best serues for the proofe of their plea.

18.

a. to join battle (formerly also to join the battle): to come together, as opposing forces, and begin a battle (cf. sense 12); to enter upon a battle, or (figurative) a contest of any kind.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)] > join or meet in battle

to come togetherOE

to lay togetherc1275

smitec1275

to have, keep, make, smite, strike, battle1297

joustc1330

meetc1330

copec1350

assemblea1375

semblea1375

coup?a1400

to fight togethera1400

strikea1400

joinc1400

to join the battle1455

to commit battle?a1475

rencounter1497

to set ina1500

to pitch a battlea1513

concura1522

rescounter1543

scontre1545

journey1572

shock1575

yoke1581

to give in1610

mix1697

to engage a combat1855

to run (or ride) a-tilt1862

1455 Battle of St. Albans in Paston Lett. I. 332 They joynid batayle anon; and it was done with inne di. houre.

1539 Bible (Great) 1 Sam. iv. 2 When they ioyned y^e battel, Israel was put to the worse.

1539 Bible (Great) 1 Kings xx. 29 In the vii. daye the battayle was ioyned.

1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 190 That morning that he was to ioyne battell with Harold.

1673 P. Leycester Antiq. Great Brit. ii. ii. iv. 122 Both Armies meet near the Town of Lincoln, and being put in order, joyn Battel.

1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives (1879) I. 29/2 After the battle was joined, [he] routed his army, and took his city.

1893 R. Williams in Traill Soc. Eng. I. i. 33 When two armies were on the point of joining battle.

†b. intransitive said of the battle. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)] > of battle: commence

joinc1650

c1650 Earles of Chester 182 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 280 Vpon the plaine before the towne, the battell Ioyned couragiouslye.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 108 On the rough edge of battel ere it joyn'd .

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 82 Legions in the Field their Front display..Before the Battel joins .

1702 N. Rowe Tamerlane i. i. 396 The tumult of the Battle That hastes to joyn.

19. to join hands (from 2):

a. literal. (a) To fold or clasp one's hands together; (b) of two persons, To grasp each the hand of the other, in token of amity, or spec. of marriage; (c) of a third person (e.g. the priest officiating at marriage), To cause two persons to grasp each other's hand.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > be friendly [verb (intransitive)] > join hands in token of amity

to join handsa1535

the world > space > relative position > posture > position of specific body parts > position specific body part [verb (intransitive)] > hands

to join handsa1535

fold1535

wring1580

hand-hold1904

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [verb (intransitive)] > join hands (of couple being married)

to join handsa1535

unite1587

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [verb (intransitive)] > join hands (of couple being married) > join hands (of priest)

to join handsa1535

a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 40/1 Ech forgaue other, & ioyned their hands together, when..their herts, wer far a sonder.

1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Matrimonie f. xiiii*^v Then shal the prieste ioyne theyr ryght handes together, and say. Those whome god hath ioyned together: let no man put a sundre.

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 532 His hands ioyned in a praying gesture.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 533 If thou be pleas'd withall, Command thy sonne and daughter [printed daughtet] to ioyne hands.

1809 S. T. Coleridge Three Graves in Friend 21 Sept. 91 When the Vicar join'd their hands.

a1835 F. D. Hemans Tubal Cain 50 And men..In friendship joined their hands.

1861 J. Edmond Children's Church at Home iv. 60 The bridegroom and bride joined hands.

b. figurative ( to join hands, to join hand in hand): To associate, to combine in some action or enterprise; to enter into alliance for some particular end.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate for common purpose [verb (intransitive)]

jousta1325

ally?a1400

joinc1400

associe1441

confederc1460

to stick together1525

band1530

to join forces1560

colleaguec1565

alliance1569

to enter league1578

unite1579

interleague1590

confederate1591

to join hands1598

combine1608

injointa1616

combinda1626

bandy1633

comply1646

federate1648

leaguea1649

associate1653

coalesce1657

to understand each other1663

sociate1688

to row in the same (also in one) boat1787

rendezvous1817

to make common cause (with)1845

to sing the same song1846

cahoot1857

to gang up1910

jungle1922

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes May it please your Honors to ioyne hand in hand.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 626 Most part of Græcia..readie to haue rebelled, and joyned hands with the Christians.

1713 S. Pycroft Brief Enq. Free-thinking 35 The former argue..The latter urge..So that one wou'd think they had join'd Hands.

1886 E. Lynn Linton Paston Carew II. v. 101 A banker..who joins hands with the lawyer in his ruin of thousands.

20. to join issue (†join in issue): see issue n. Phrases 2a. Also elliptically to join.

ΚΠ

a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) iii. ii. 151 There Sir, I joyn with you; A fit decorum must be kept, the Court Distinguished from the City.

21. With various objects, expressing the result or the nature of the joining: as to join †affinity, to join company, to join concert, †to join encounter, †to join unity, etc.

ΚΠ

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13831 The coniunctoun vniust is Ioynit vs betwene.

1593 Tell-Trothes New-yeares Gift (1876) 8 To joyne unity with the whole world.

1611 Bible (King James) 2 Chron. xviii. 1 Iehoshaphat..ioyned affinitie with Ahab.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. viii. 364 Who intending to visit Fez, joyned company with me.

1738 J. Wesley Coll. Psalms & Hymns (new ed.) civ. iv. x 'Till with my Song the list'ning World Join Concert.

1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany 235 At St. Malo, we joined company, quite accidentally.

22. to join the ladies: to go into the room to which the ladies have retired after dinner.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > use formal courtesy in act or expression [verb (intransitive)] > join ladies after dinner

to join the ladies1848

1848 Punch 14 204/1 (caption) Walter, I think you had better join the ladies.

1921 J. M. Barrie (title) Shall we join the ladies?

1956 N. Marsh Off with his Head (1957) x. 212 ‘Join the ladies?’ Dr. Otterley suggested, and they did so.

1974 N. Freeling Dressing of Diamond 95 And that, thought Richard grinning, will be denounced as ‘sexual fascism’... And shall we now join the ladies?

23. if you can't beat them, join them: a semi-proverbial assertion applied to a situation where a person crosses to another side or party because he is unable to defeat them by opposition alone.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [phrase] > change according to expediency

if you can't beat them, join them1955

1955 Sci. Amer. Apr. 100/3 This epistemological problem is best solved by following the classical dictum, ‘If you can't beat 'em join 'em’.

1970 Times 26 Nov. 12/3 Gale will also be applying for a ticket to the Parliamentary lobby for himself: ‘If you can't beat them, join them.’

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	join
释义	joinn. Brit. /dʒɔɪn/, U.S. /dʒɔɪn/ Etymology: < join v.¹ An act of joining, or the fact of being joined; concrete the formation or the place in which two things or parts of a thing are joined, a line of junction, a joining. Also join-up. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [noun] > a join or junction juncturea1382 jointure1382 joiningc1384 commissure?c1425 shuttingc1440 concourse?a1560 abutment1644 internodium1653 shut1721 uniting1728 conjuncture1747 join1825 junction1841 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [noun] > becoming joined assembly1330 coition?1541 concourse1570 coiture1578 closea1616 concurrence1656 closing1793 join-up1969 1825 E. Hewlett Cottage Comforts v. 36 Saving sixpence..by having a join, which a good needlewoman can do in half an hour. 1884 H. R. Haweis My Musical Mem. iii. 89 The obvious join between the neck and the head of old violins. 1894 T. A. Cook Old Touraine II. 187 To hide the join of the old masonry with the new. 1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. Let us see what sort of a join you have made. That is not a very good join. 1945 A. Lunn Third Day v. 47 If we are expected to accept the hypothesis of a second-century compiler who worked his heterogeneous materials into an artistic unity with..skill we may ask why the join-ups between the ‘we’ sections and the rest of the Acts are so inartistic. 1969 Sun 22 July 1/2 On the join-up, Eagle and Columbia ended their separate existences [as space vehicles] and became Apollo-11 again. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022). joinv.¹ Brit. /dʒɔɪn/, U.S. /dʒɔɪn/ Forms: Middle English–1600s ioin, 1600s– join; also Middle English ioign, ioygn, Middle English–1500s ione, Middle English–1600s ioyn, (Middle English iony-on, iunge, Middle English–1500s yoyn, iune), 1500s ioine, 1600s–1700s joyn. Etymology: < Old French joign-, stem of joindre (= Italian giungere) < Latin jungĕre to join: root jug- = Greek ζυγ-, Sanskrit yuj-, Indo-European yug-, whence Old Germanic juk-, English yoke. The rhymes show the pronunciation /dʒaɪn/ in 17–18th cent.; this is still dialectal. I. transitive. To put together, to unite one thing to another, in any kind of connection physical or immaterial. 1. a. To put (things) together, so that they become physically united or continuous; to fasten, attach, connect, unite (one thing to another); also, to connect by means of something intervening or attached to each, e.g. two islands by a bridge. ΚΠ 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 1616 Þe soule þoru godes grace out of helle he broȝte, & to is bodi is ioinede, & ȝef him cristendom. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Job xli. 7 Oon to oon is ioyned. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 264/1 Ioynyn, or ionyon, jungo, compagino. 1483 Cath. Angl. 199/2 To Iunge (A. Iune), adiungere, apponere. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 876 Some of them are..strangely ioyned without morter. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 120 Onely a lake when the River overfloweth; joyned thereunto by a chanell. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 77 Consisting of many Ilands joyned with Bridges. 1713 A. Pope Windsor-Forest 17 Oceans join whom they did first divide. 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture II. 114/1 Joyn the ends of the Timbers together. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 567 Fig. 569 shews how two pieces may be joined by..a niche. 1885 H. W. Watson & S. H. Burbury Math. Theory Electr. & Magn. I. 244 The pairs are said to be joined in series. †b. To harness (horses, etc. together, or to a vehicle, or the vehicle to the horses); to yoke. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > general equipment > [verb (transitive)] > harness or yoke yokeOE harness13.. cart-saddle1377 join1377 couple1393 enharness1490 benda1522 bind1535 span1550 team1552 spang1580 inyoke1595 trace1605 enclose?1615 gear1638 to get in1687 reharness1775 reyoke1813 to hook up1825 inspan1834 hitch1844 pole1846 stock1909 society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > cart, carriage, or wagon > [verb (transitive)] > yoke (a horse, cart, or carriage) join1377 couple1393 bind1535 to put in1709 to put to1732 to hook up1825 inspan1834 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xix. 260 Grace gaue Piers a teme,..And ioigned to hem one Iohan most gentil of alle, Þe prys nete of Piers plow, passyng alle other. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xlvi. 4 Ioyneth hors, and steȝeth vp, ȝee hors men. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope iii. ii I haue ioyned and bound [a bull and an ox] bothe to gyder. 1621 G. Sandys tr. Ovid First Five Bks. Metamorphosis ii. 32 He bade the light-foot Hours, without delay To ioyn his Steeds. a1727 I. Newton Chronol. Anc. Kingdoms Amended (1728) i. 144 It was Erechtheus that first joyned a chariot to horses. †c. To combine in a mixture. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being mixed or blended > mix or blend [verb (transitive)] mingeOE blandOE mongle?c1225 meddlec1350 sprengea1382 compoundc1384 intermeddlec1384 temperc1386 mell1387 found?c1390 joinc1400 intermell1413 commix?a1425 medley?a1425 mix?a1425 amenge?c1450 immix?a1475 immixt?a1475 minglea1475 tremp1480 commixt1481 incarry1486 mixtionc1500 mixta1513 demelle1516 confect1540 intermixt1551 intermingle1555 bemix1559 intermix1562 contemper1567 blenge1570 bemingle1574 contemperate1590 masha1591 commeddle1604 immingle1606 blenda1616 intemper1627 commingle1648 conferment1651 subigate1657 to mix up1672 mould1701 meine1736 caudle1795 combine1799 interblenda1849 inmix1892 meld1936 c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 24 He [the ligament] is ioyned wiþ senewis to make cordis and brawnes. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Bi^v And so ioyned with the golde, it is of more fresshe colour. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 593/1 All the worlde can nat joyne fyre and water togyther. 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §50 Pistachoes..joyned with Almonds in almond milk,.. are an excellent nourisher. d. Geometry. To connect (two points) by a straight line; to draw the straight line between. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > form or represent geometrically [verb (transitive)] > construct or manipulate geometric object to pull out?a1560 apply1570 coapt1570 quadrate1623 raise1647 join1660 range1670 project1673 rabat1868 unsquare1872 1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements i. 13 If D falls without the triangle ACB, let CD be joyned. 1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements i. 18 Join FC, and IC; and produce ACG. 1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 686 Describe a circle, cutting the ellipsis in the four points k, l, m, n; join k, l, and m, n. 1885 C. Leudesdorf tr. L. Cremona Elements Projective Geom. 72 The straight line which joins a pair of corresponding points. 2. To put or bring into close contact, cause to touch each other. to join hands: see 19. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > nearness > be near to [verb (transitive)] > place near > place in contact joinc1369 toucha1400 osculate1672 c1369 G. Chaucer Bk. Duchesse 393 A whelpe..Hylde doun hys hede and ioyned hys erys. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xx. 333 Kynge Boors..ioyned his feet and lept vpon the deed bodyes of men..that he hadde slain. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Ioyne lyppes, collabello. 1609 Bible (Douay) I. Num. xxii. 25 The asse..ioyned her~selfe close to the wal, and brused the foote of him that ridde. 1662 R. Mathews Unlearned Alchymist (new ed.) §85. 115 Alwayes ready to join my shoulder unto him that is ready to fall. 1717 A. Pope Eloisa to Abelard in Wks. 435 O'er the pale marble shall they join their heads. 3. To put together, combine, unite (immaterial things, or one with or to another or a person). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > combine [verb (transitive)] > immaterial things join1340 combine1529 conjoin1588 incorporate1599 to run up1859 elide1952 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 247 Þe yefþe of wysdom..þet is alsuo y-goyned to god. c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Cambr.) ii. pr. vi. 43 The yiftes of fortune..neyther they ne Ioignen hem nat alwey to goode men, ne makyn hem alwey goode to whom they ben I-ioigned. 1423 Kingis Quair cxxxiii Lat wisedom ay vnto thy will be Iunyt. 1553 T. Wilson Arte Rhetorique (1580) 169 When we have learned usual and accustomable wordes to set forthe our meanyng, wee ought to ioyne them together in apt order. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccxlvij^v That they..may ioyne theyr prayers with his, that is, with God & religion. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies iii. xxii. 187 By reason of continuall moisture ioyned to the heate of the burning Zone. 1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis 15 in Sylua Syluarum That King also still desiring to ioyn Humanity and Pollicy together. 1700 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) ii. xxxiii. 225 Two Ideas, that they have been accustom'd so to join in their Minds, as to substitute one for the other. 1882 B. A. Hinsdale Garfield & Educ. ii. 248 The disaster that may be brought upon us by ignorance and vice in the citizen when joined to corruption and fraud in the suffrage. †4. To put (something) to another thing or things, so as to increase the amount or number; to add, annex; to add in contribution. Obsolete. ΚΠ c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 1008 Ȝet Ioyned Iohan þe crysolyt, Þe sevenþe gemme in fundament. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection Pref. sig. Aii Ioynynge also therto the gostly exercise and experience of holy fathers. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. ix. 42 b Terpandre the famous Musition, which ioined the seventh string to the quadricord. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) i. ii. 232 Who, with a Charme ioynd to their suffred labour I haue left asleep. View more context for this quotation 1645 J. Ussher Body of Divin. (1647) 411 Those five other Sacraments..joyned by the Papists, are superfluous. 1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. viii Obsolete Words may then be laudably reviv'd..when their Obscurity is taken away, by joining other Words to them which clear the Sense. 1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 21 While Expletives their feeble Aid do join. 5. a. To bring or put (persons, troops, etc.) into one body or company; to unite, combine. to join forces, figurative to combine efforts. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate for common purpose [verb (intransitive)] jousta1325 ally?a1400 joinc1400 associe1441 confederc1460 to stick together1525 band1530 to join forces1560 colleaguec1565 alliance1569 to enter league1578 unite1579 interleague1590 confederate1591 to join hands1598 combine1608 injointa1616 combinda1626 bandy1633 comply1646 federate1648 leaguea1649 associate1653 coalesce1657 to understand each other1663 sociate1688 to row in the same (also in one) boat1787 rendezvous1817 to make common cause (with)1845 to sing the same song1846 cahoot1857 to gang up1910 jungle1922 society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (transitive)] join1560 society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate with for common purpose [verb (transitive)] > bring into association allyc1325 confeder1380 sociea1387 associate1398 sociate1485 companya1500 band1530 confederate1532 aggregate1534 colleague1535 join1560 enter1563 bandy1597 league1611 colligate1613 club1656 fraternize1656 federalize1787 brigade1831 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccxxiiij^v That he myghte ioyne the munition of hys brother..& hys owne to gether. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 60 Tha conclude, and propones to June thair forces against the Erle Douglas. 1615 J. Stephens Ess. & Characters (new ed.) 341 His first..is to joyne forces, and make up his defects of pollicy..by partaking in anothers projects. 1715 J. Vanbrugh Country House i, in Wks. (1840) 462/2 Let's join companies. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. xi. 256 All the ships being joined, the Commodore made a signal to speak with their Commanders. †b. reflexive. To attach oneself to, associate oneself with, or go into the company of; to go up to. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (reflexive)] join13.. fellowshipa1382 adjoin1533 to put together1556 piece1579 sort1579 mixture1582 troopa1592 consort1597 identify1718 associate1881 13.. K. Alis. 4030 He a knyght of Grece slowgh..And joined him us among. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Deeds viii. 29 Come to, and ioyne thee to this chare. a1400–50 Alexander 1284 He..Ioynes him to Iosaphat: full ioyles he rydes. 1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 167 Seeing these men..to flie,..and to ioine themselves with the Governors his adversaries. 1611 Bible (King James) Acts viii. 29 Then the Spirit saide vnto Philip, Goe neere, and ioyne thy selfe to this charet. View more context for this quotation 6. a. To link or unite (persons, etc. together, or one with or to another) in marriage, friendship, or any kind of association, alliance, or relationship; to unite, associate, ally. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > join (together) [verb (transitive)] gatherc725 fayOE samc1000 join1297 conjoinc1374 enjoinc1384 assemble1393 compound1393 sociea1398 annex?c1400 ferec1400 marrowc1400 combinec1440 annectc1450 piece?c1475 combind1477 conjunge1547 associate1578 knit1578 sinew1592 splinter1597 patch1604 accouple1605 interjoina1616 withjoina1627 league1645 contignate1651 to bring on1691 splice1803 pan1884 suture1886 society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)] > join persons together in association samc1175 join1297 associec1380 companiona1616 to throw together1772 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > action or fact of marrying > marry [verb (transitive)] > join in marriage wedOE join1297 spousec1325 bind1330 couplea1340 to put togethera1387 conjoin1447 accouple1548 matea1593 solemnize1592 espouse1599 faggot1607 noose1664 to give (also conjoin, join, take) in (also to, into) marriage1700 rivet1700 to tie the knot1718 buckle1724 unite1728 tack1732 wedlock1737 marry1749 splice1751 to turn off1759 to tie up1894 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 7257 Normandie þoru þe king & þoru þe quene engelond Iioyned were þo kundeliche as in one monnes hond. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 88 Þis loue and þis wylnynge þet ioyneþ and oneþ zuo þe herte to god. 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. ii. 106 An ȝif þe Iustise wol Iugge hire to be Ioynet with Fals, Ȝit be-war of þe weddyng. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxv Any waie or meane by the whiche he might reconcile and ioyne in amitee the twoo greate and mightie kynges of Englande and of Fraunce. 1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Matrimonie f. xiii* We are gathered together..to ioyne together this man, and this woman in holy matrimonie. 1611 Bible (King James) Matt. xix. 6 What therefore God hath joyned together, let not man put asunder. View more context for this quotation 1678 N. Wanley Wonders Little World v. i. §96. 468/1 He was joined Emperour with his Father in his Fathers life-time. 1721 E. Young Revenge iv. i. 45 Life is the Desart, Life the Solitude, Death joins us to the great Majority. 1845 J. Lingard Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church (ed. 3) II. xii. 248 With these learned foreigners, the king joined four Anglo-Saxons. b. reflexive. To unite, associate, or ally oneself (with, to); to enter into alliance. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate for common purpose [verb (reflexive)] ally?a1400 fellowc1425 accompanya1470 associatea1513 band1530 confederate1531 join1535 rely1577 interleague1590 bandy1597 colleague1599 identify1780 solidarize1888 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Exod. i. 10 Yf there shulde ryse vp eny warre agaynst vs, they might ioyne them selues also vnto oure enemies. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. viij The best felowe & companion that a man in aduersitie can associat or ioyne him self withal. 1611 Bible (King James) Luke xv. 15 He went and ioyned himselfe to a Citizen of that Countrey. View more context for this quotation 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 11 Prone to joyne themselves purchasers with God, in this great worke. 1882 R. L. Stevenson New Arabian Nights I. 95 You join yourselves to persons of condition..for no other purpose than to escape the consequences of your crimes. 1904 S. J. Weyman Abbess of Vlaye ii. 41 Had I known of what sort they were to whom I was joining myself. II. intransitive. To come or be put together in any kind of connection physical or immaterial. 7. To come or be brought into material contact or connection; to become connected or fastened together; to combine, unite physically. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > be or become joined together [verb (intransitive)] loukOE joinc1330 accede?a1475 withjoina1500 knit1548 close1551 conjoin1578 cojoina1616 copulate1645 convene1666 c1330 Arth. & Merl. 5426 Alle the other com after tho, Ioinand bi hond to and to. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde i. xvii. 51 Therfore behoueth us to Ioyne to the erthe. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 592/2 The ryver of Tames begynneth where Tame and Yse ioyne togyther. 1595 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 ii. i. 29 See, see, they ioine [1623 ioyne], embrace, and seeme to kisse. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 101 Long taild (being thicke where it joynes to the body). 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena 150 Two timber-beams, joyning angle-wise under it. 1639 T. B. tr. J.-P. Camus Certain Moral Relations in S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 308 All he could doe, was to make the Serpents head joyne to the tayle, I meane, make the first day of the yeare touch the last without borrowing. 1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 6 In twisting into a thread they joyn, and lie so close together, as to lose their own, and destroy each others particular reflections. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 198 The female joins with the male, as is asserted, more humano, and once in two years feels the accesses of desire. 1828 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I I. iv. 90 Parallel lines can no more join together in politics than in geometry. 1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. colloq. I tried to fit the pieces together, but they wouldn't join. 8. (Expressing the resulting condition.) To be in contact; to be contiguous or adjacent; to adjoin. †Const. to, upon, with. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > nearness > be near [verb (intransitive)] > be adjacent joinc1325 adjoin1425 marge1494 limit1613 sidea1647 verge1789 abut1826 the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward [verb (transitive)] > attack with arguments objectc1460 assaila1500 assault1551 wring1567 contestate?1572 question1613 join1632 contest1663 concert1689 c1325 Coer de L. 4082 Under the brygge there is a swyke, Corven clos, joynand queyntlyke. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde v. 813 Here browes Ioyneden y-fere. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 751 Þat preui pleyng place..Ioyned wel iustly to meliors chamber. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 307 Þey haveþ þrittene celles.. bote þey joyneþ al to gidres. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) vi. 22 Araby..ioynes apon Ydumee. 1480 W. Caxton Descr. Brit. 21 Cornewayle is in englond and ioyneth to deuenshire. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Acts xviii. 7 Iustus..whose house ioyned harde to the sinagoge. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie ii. xiii. 47 Two sides are washed by the sea, and the thyrd ioyneth vnto the firme land. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. 24 Whose breadth is narrow, and where it joyneth with both seas, it is but sixty miles. 1781 S. Peters Gen. Hist. Connecticut 164 The houses are..well built, but, as I have observed in general of the towns on Connecticut, do not join. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) I. 443 It joins to the sea on the east side of the island. 1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. On the side where the two gardens join. 9. Of non-physical contact: †a. To come close together in time; to follow or precede something else immediately. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > accompaniment > accompany [verb (intransitive)] > accompany each other joinc1540 the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > succession or following in time > ensue or come next [verb (intransitive)] > follow or precede immediately join1697 c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11882 The last Ioy of ioly men Ioynys with sorow. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 144 Three flashes of blue Light'ning gave the sign Of Cov'nants broke, three peals of Thunder joyn . View more context for this quotation b. To come together or exist together, in operation, as associated qualities, etc. ΚΠ 1593 Queen Elizabeth I tr. Boethius De Consolatione Philosophiæ in Queen Elizabeth's Englishings (1899) ii. met. vi. 37 O grevous hap whan wicked Sword To cruel Venom Joingnes. 1639 S. Du Verger tr. J.-P. Camus Admirable Events 53 The condition of a souldiour, and that of a merchant are not used to joyne together. 1711 A. Pope Ess. Crit. 22 Where Denham's Strength, and Waller's Sweetness join [rhyme line]. 1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxxvi. 56 Tho' truths in manhood darkly join . View more context for this quotation 10. †a. To attach oneself to, associate oneself with (= sense 5b). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate together or with [verb (intransitive)] mingc1275 company1387 joinc1390 meddlec1390 herd?a1400 fellowshipc1430 enfellowship1470 to step in1474 accompany?1490 yoke?a1513 to keep with ——c1515 conjoin1532 wag1550 frequent1577 encroach1579 consort1588 sort1595 commerce1596 troop1597 converse1598 to keep (also enter, come into, etc.) commons1598 to enter common1604 atone1611 to walk (also travel) in the way with1611 minglea1616 consociate1638 associate1644 corrive1647 co-unite1650 walk1650 cohere1651 engage1657 mix1667 accustom1670 to make one1711 coalite1735 commerciate1740 to have nothing to say to (also with)1780 gang?1791 companion1792 mess1795 matea1832 comrade1865 to go around1904 to throw in with1906 to get down1975 society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)] seeOE drawc1275 mella1300 meeta1325 fellow1340 usec1384 conjoinc1386 joinc1390 knitc1400 accompany1461 enfellowship1470 frequent1477 haunt1477 mixa1513 encompanya1533 combinea1535 contract1548 to take with ——1562 associate1581 to have a saying toa1593 cope1594 sort1594 to take in1597 consort1600 herd1606 factionate1611 to keep company (with)a1616 accost1633 solder1641 converse1649 walk1650 consociate1653 coalite1734 to get with ——a1772 forgather1786 unionize1810 to go rounda1867 to mix in1870 cop1940 c1390 (?c1350) Joseph of Arimathie (1871) l. 407 Hiderward he ioynes, with sixti þousent..of clene men of Armes, And Fifti þousend fot-men. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 512 His comaundment to kepe sho hir course held, and Ioynet by Iason iustly to sit. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. l His horsmen..to ioyne with him against the rereward of Fraunce. 1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 255 That such as followed the kings partie..might ioine with them. 1679 W. Penn Addr. Protestants ii. 87 Philip joyn'd to him and askt him, If he understood what he read? b. Of two or more: To come together, come into company. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > [verb (intransitive)] > combine unite1692 join1706 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > gather together [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of people or animals gathera975 ensemblea1300 drawc1300 semble1389 herd1393 assemblea1400 routa1400 sanka1400 trume?a1400 musterc1425 convene1429 resemblea1450 to draw together1455 forgather1513 accompany1534 troop1565 congregate1570 to get together1575 parliament?1589 accoil1590 join1706 to roll up1817 congressa1850 to round up1879 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) To Joyn, to..come together, to agree. 1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xviii. 235 These orders had been given before it was known at Versailles that the Dutch and English fleets had joined. †11. Astrology. To come into conjunction. Also passive. To be in conjunction. See conjunction n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > planet > position of planet > aspect > [verb (transitive)] > conjunction joinc1400 c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) ii. §4. 19 And that he be nat retrograd ne combust, ne ioigned with no shrewe in the same signe. 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (1845) xxxiii. 161 Whan clere Diana joyned with Mercury, The crystall ayre and assured firmament Were all depured. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 460 Observe the starry Signs, Where Saturn houses, and where Hermes joins . View more context for this quotation 12. To come together or meet in conflict; to engage in conflict, encounter. ? Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)] > join or meet in battle to come togetherOE to lay togetherc1275 smitec1275 to have, keep, make, smite, strike, battle1297 joustc1330 meetc1330 copec1350 assemblea1375 semblea1375 coup?a1400 to fight togethera1400 strikea1400 joinc1400 to join the battle1455 to commit battle?a1475 rencounter1497 to set ina1500 to pitch a battlea1513 concura1522 rescounter1543 scontre1545 journey1572 shock1575 yoke1581 to give in1610 mix1697 to engage a combat1855 to run (or ride) a-tilt1862 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > meeting or encounter > meet or encounter [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of people meeteOE joinc1400 to meet up1884 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 97 Oþer sum segg hym bi-soȝt of sum siker knyȝt To joyne wyth hym in iustyng, in joparde to lay. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 593/1 Thoughe he be called never so peryllous, I dare joyne with hym. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 12965 Þat he might ryde with þat Orest & his ranke oste, To Ioyne with Engest for his vniust werkes. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. lxxxij^v When both armies were ready to ioyne in battel. 1600 E. Blount tr. G. F. di Conestaggio Hist. Uniting Portugall to Castill 289 The captaine with great dexteritie to avoide the shotte, ioyned with them towards the prooe, and boorded the gallion. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 i. ii. 209 Looke you pray..that our armies ioyne [1623 ioyn] not in a hote day. View more context for this quotation 1714 A. Pope Rape of Lock (new ed.) iii. 21 Strait the three Bands prepare in Arms to join. 13. a. To enter into association or alliance, to combine in action or purpose (= 6b). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate for common purpose [verb (intransitive)] jousta1325 ally?a1400 joinc1400 associe1441 confederc1460 to stick together1525 band1530 to join forces1560 colleaguec1565 alliance1569 to enter league1578 unite1579 interleague1590 confederate1591 to join hands1598 combine1608 injointa1616 combinda1626 bandy1633 comply1646 federate1648 leaguea1649 associate1653 coalesce1657 to understand each other1663 sociate1688 to row in the same (also in one) boat1787 rendezvous1817 to make common cause (with)1845 to sing the same song1846 cahoot1857 to gang up1910 jungle1922 c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 726 Schal þay falle in þe faute þat oþer frekez wroȝt & ioyne to her iuggement her iuise to haue? 1563 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 136 We will nocht only nocht iwne with ȝow generalie in religioun,..bot aluterlie fle ȝour cumpanie. 1581 R. Mulcaster Positions v. 34 I do thinke that all my countreymen will ioyne with me, and allow their children the vse, of their letter and penne. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 820 (note) Negro-slaves..ioyning with the Indians, used to robbe the Spaniards. 1745 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1851) V. 5 Their own security will oblige them to join with the enemy. b. with const. To associate oneself or take part in an action, or to do something. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate together or with [verb (intransitive)] > participate common1357 to take partc1384 communea1393 participe1511 participate1531 join1560 share1570 to bear a part1596 intercommon1626 to join in1785 to be in it1819 to stand in1858 to get into (also in on) the act1947 (to be) in on the act1951 to muck in1952 to opt in1966 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xxxix Desyring them to ioyne with hym in disputation. 1584 H. Llwyd & D. Powel Hist. Cambria 111 The princes to ioine in their enterprise. a1699 T. Comber Hist. Liturgies in Compan. Temple (1702) II. 36 The People vocally joyned in the Hymns and Psalms. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 19. ⁋2 He makes it his business to join in Conversation with Envious Men. 1816 P. B. Shelley Dæmon of World in Alastor 96 The elements of all that human thought Can frame of lovely or sublime, did join To rear the fabric of the fane. 1896 Law Times Rep. 73 689/2 He..insisted that S. Lord..must join in the conveyance to him. c. also absol. to join in (the action being understood from the context). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate together or with [verb (intransitive)] > participate common1357 to take partc1384 communea1393 participe1511 participate1531 join1560 share1570 to bear a part1596 intercommon1626 to join in1785 to be in it1819 to stand in1858 to get into (also in on) the act1947 (to be) in on the act1951 to muck in1952 to opt in1966 1785 G. Morris in J. Sparks Life G. Morris (1832) III. 459 The government joins in and agrees to the depreciation. 1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. Some of them were singing. Presently other voices joined in. III. transitive. To form (a resulting whole) by the combination of parts. 14. To construct or compose (a whole) by putting parts together; esp. to make (wooden furniture, etc.) in this way, as a joiner n. (see also joined adj.¹ 2). In quot. c1400, To unite the edges of (a wound) in order to healing; in quot.c1386, To compound (a word). Obsolete except in phrases: see 21. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > constructing or working with wood > build or construct with wood [verb (transitive)] > join joinc1386 table1794 saddle1857 the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > word-formation > form words [verb (transitive)] > compound joinc1386 compound1530 the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > treatments uniting or replacing parts > unite or replace parts [verb (transitive)] > unite fractures, wounds, etc. > heal a wound > unite edges of wound joinc1386 c1386 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 95 Cecile, as I writen fynde, Is ioyned by a manere conioynynge Of heuene and lia. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 21270 Þe quelis ar ioyned with mani a dowle. a1400–50 Alexander 4458 For iolite of Iupiter ȝe ioyen vp templis. c1400 Lanfranc's Cirurg. 34 Brynge þe parties of þe wounde togideris, þat it may be weel ioyned. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 316/2 Joyned as a stole or any other thynge is by the joyners crafte. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. iii. 78 This fellow wil but ioyne you together, as they ioyne Wainscot. View more context for this quotation IV. transitive. To come into contact, contiguity, company, or union with. elliptical for join oneself to ( 5b), join to ( 10a). 15. a. To come or go into local contact or association with; to go to and accompany (a person); to come to and take up one's post in (one's regiment, ship, or the like). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > a companion or associate > accompany or associate with [verb (transitive)] seeOE to bear (a person) company (also fellowship, etc.)c1225 mella1300 fellowshipa1382 companya1400 accompany1461 to keep company (with)1502 encompanya1513 to keep (a person) company1517 to take repast1517 assist1553 to take up with1570 rempare1581 to go along with1588 amate1590 bear1590 to fall in1593 consort1598 second1600 to walk (also travel) in the way with1611 comitate1632 associate1644 enhaunt1658 join1713 assort1823 sit1828 companionize1870 to take tea with1888 to knock about with1915 tote1977 fere- the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > meeting or encounter > meet or encounter [verb (transitive)] > as intended result of going to to meet withc1300 meeta1325 join1713 1713 R. Steele Englishman No. 29. 186 A young Fellow joyns us from t'other End of the Room. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. xiv. 283 It would have been impossible..to have kept them from joining us. 1793 Ld. Nelson 26 Jan. in Dispatches & Lett. (1845) I. 298 I think the Ship will be commissioned within a fortnight and I shall join her directly. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple III. iii. 46 I reported myself to the admiral, and joined my brig. 1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Alice I. i. iii. 20 Then she joined her mother and Mrs. Leslie at breakfast. 1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. 83 Here they seem to have been joined by other fugitives and soldiers of fortune. b. To associate or ally oneself with, attach oneself to, take part with (a person, party, etc.); to become a member or associate of (a society, staff of workers, etc.); to take part with another or others in (an action). to join the (great or silent) majority, to die: see majority n.¹ 3c. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [verb (intransitive)] > become a member enter1389 join1716 to sign up1875 pledge1887 society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > [verb (transitive)] > become member of enter1517 join1716 pledge1856 society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > associate with [verb (transitive)] > participate with > participate in enterparta1413 to be art and part in (also of)1442 to have art or (and) part ina1500 enjoin1546 share1570 to have (also take, etc.) a share in1572 to have a hand in1583 fellow1596 share1600 to contribute to (also for) or to do1605 to fall in1651 join1716 to opt into1968 1716 J. Gay Trivia iii. 58 Injur'd Tenants joyn the Hunters' Cries. 1738 A. Pope One Thousand Seven Hundred & Thirty Eight Dialogue II 5 Or if a Court or Country's made a Job, Go drench a Pick-pocket, and join the Mob. 1782 W. Cowper Hope in Poems 178 Rocks, groves and streams must join him in his praise. 1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 81 I..promise..to join the other bishops in all that they shall decide in conformity with the canon law. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxiii. 164 He..asked me whether I would join him in an ascent of the Dom. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People v. §1. 220 The blind King of Bohemia, who had joined Philip's army. 1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. Ten new members have joined the society. How long is it since he joined your staff? Many converts have joined the church. c. absol. (in sense 15a or 15b). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military organization > enlistment or recruitment > enlist soldiers [verb (intransitive)] > enlist as a soldier to take wages1338 shoulder1594 to take service1634 list1643 to take the shilling1707 enlist1776 to shoulder walnut1838 join1844 to join up1916 attest1917 1844 C. J. Lever Tom Burke I. xxi. 155 When do you join?—where is your regiment? 1896 Daily News 28 Dec. 6/3 An old convict was brought in whilst we were there. He had only ‘joined’ that day. 1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. Is he a member of our society? When did he join? d. to join up: to enlist in the army. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military organization > enlistment or recruitment > enlist soldiers [verb (intransitive)] > enlist as a soldier to take wages1338 shoulder1594 to take service1634 list1643 to take the shilling1707 enlist1776 to shoulder walnut1838 join1844 to join up1916 attest1917 society > armed hostility > military organization > enlistment or recruitment > enlist (soldiers) [verb (transitive)] > enlist in (regiment, etc.) to join up1916 1916 ‘B. Cable’ Action Front 5 Just joined up to get a finger in the fighting? 1922 D. H. Lawrence England my England 40 Egbert went and joined up immediately, as a private soldier. 1934 J. T. Farrell Young Manhood Studs Lonigan i. 20 He stepped up to a beefy-faced sergeant... ‘We came to join up.’ 1943 J. B. Priestley Daylight on Sat. xxxviii. 301 I wish you'd leave here—join up or something. 16. Of a thing: a. To become or be connected or continuous with (something else). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > fact or action of being connected or connecting > connect [verb (transitive)] > make continuous (with) > become continuous with joina1719 a1719 J. Addison Dialogues Medals in Wks. (1721) I. ii. 483 The two hands that joyn one another are Emblems of Fidelity. 1855 Ld. Tennyson Brook in Maud & Other Poems 103 I chatter, chatter, as I flow To join the brimming river. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. viii. 57 A rivulet..was joined by the stream whose track I had pursued. 1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod. The Cherwell joins the Thames just below Oxford. b. To be adjacent to, to adjoin. ΘΚΠ the world > space > distance > nearness > be near to [verb (transitive)] > be adjacent to adjoina1375 accost1596 join1837 1837 F. Palgrave Merchant & Friar (1844) 90 The bare-worn places join one another, all the grass between them is destroyed. 1901 N.E.D. at Join Mod.His land joins mine. V. Phrases, from preceding senses. †17. to join action: To enter upon a debate or dispute. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > debate, disputation, argument > putting forward for discussion > put forward for discussion [verb (intransitive)] > engage in debate to join issue1551 to join action1588 1588 R. Greene Perimedes sig. Diii Perymides hearing his wife to alledge such sound reasons for Gamsters, thought to ioyne action with her in this manner. You resemble wife those subtill Lawyers, that onely alledge that clause in their euidence, which best serues for the proofe of their plea. 18. a. to join battle (formerly also to join the battle): to come together, as opposing forces, and begin a battle (cf. sense 12); to enter upon a battle, or (figurative) a contest of any kind. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)] > join or meet in battle to come togetherOE to lay togetherc1275 smitec1275 to have, keep, make, smite, strike, battle1297 joustc1330 meetc1330 copec1350 assemblea1375 semblea1375 coup?a1400 to fight togethera1400 strikea1400 joinc1400 to join the battle1455 to commit battle?a1475 rencounter1497 to set ina1500 to pitch a battlea1513 concura1522 rescounter1543 scontre1545 journey1572 shock1575 yoke1581 to give in1610 mix1697 to engage a combat1855 to run (or ride) a-tilt1862 1455 Battle of St. Albans in Paston Lett. I. 332 They joynid batayle anon; and it was done with inne di. houre. 1539 Bible (Great) 1 Sam. iv. 2 When they ioyned y^e battel, Israel was put to the worse. 1539 Bible (Great) 1 Kings xx. 29 In the vii. daye the battayle was ioyned. 1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 190 That morning that he was to ioyne battell with Harold. 1673 P. Leycester Antiq. Great Brit. ii. ii. iv. 122 Both Armies meet near the Town of Lincoln, and being put in order, joyn Battel. 1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives (1879) I. 29/2 After the battle was joined, [he] routed his army, and took his city. 1893 R. Williams in Traill Soc. Eng. I. i. 33 When two armies were on the point of joining battle. †b. intransitive said of the battle. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed encounter > contending in battle > contend in battle or give battle [verb (intransitive)] > of battle: commence joinc1650 c1650 Earles of Chester 182 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 280 Vpon the plaine before the towne, the battell Ioyned couragiouslye. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 108 On the rough edge of battel ere it joyn'd . View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 82 Legions in the Field their Front display..Before the Battel joins . View more context for this quotation 1702 N. Rowe Tamerlane i. i. 396 The tumult of the Battle That hastes to joyn. 19. to join hands (from 2): a. literal. (a) To fold or clasp one's hands together; (b) of two persons, To grasp each the hand of the other, in token of amity, or spec. of marriage; (c) of a third person (e.g. the priest officiating at marriage), To cause two persons to grasp each other's hand. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > be friendly [verb (intransitive)] > join hands in token of amity to join handsa1535 the world > space > relative position > posture > position of specific body parts > position specific body part [verb (intransitive)] > hands to join handsa1535 fold1535 wring1580 hand-hold1904 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [verb (intransitive)] > join hands (of couple being married) to join handsa1535 unite1587 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [verb (intransitive)] > join hands (of couple being married) > join hands (of priest) to join handsa1535 a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 40/1 Ech forgaue other, & ioyned their hands together, when..their herts, wer far a sonder. 1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Matrimonie f. xiiii^v Then shal the prieste ioyne theyr ryght handes together, and say. Those whome god hath ioyned together: let no man put a sundre. 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage* 532 His hands ioyned in a praying gesture. a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. i. 533 If thou be pleas'd withall, Command thy sonne and daughter [printed daughtet] to ioyne hands. View more context for this quotation 1809 S. T. Coleridge Three Graves in Friend 21 Sept. 91 When the Vicar join'd their hands. a1835 F. D. Hemans Tubal Cain 50 And men..In friendship joined their hands. 1861 J. Edmond Children's Church at Home iv. 60 The bridegroom and bride joined hands. b. figurative ( to join hands, to join hand in hand): To associate, to combine in some action or enterprise; to enter into alliance for some particular end. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > associate for common purpose [verb (intransitive)] jousta1325 ally?a1400 joinc1400 associe1441 confederc1460 to stick together1525 band1530 to join forces1560 colleaguec1565 alliance1569 to enter league1578 unite1579 interleague1590 confederate1591 to join hands1598 combine1608 injointa1616 combinda1626 bandy1633 comply1646 federate1648 leaguea1649 associate1653 coalesce1657 to understand each other1663 sociate1688 to row in the same (also in one) boat1787 rendezvous1817 to make common cause (with)1845 to sing the same song1846 cahoot1857 to gang up1910 jungle1922 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes May it please your Honors to ioyne hand in hand. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 626 Most part of Græcia..readie to haue rebelled, and joyned hands with the Christians. 1713 S. Pycroft Brief Enq. Free-thinking 35 The former argue..The latter urge..So that one wou'd think they had join'd Hands. 1886 E. Lynn Linton Paston Carew II. v. 101 A banker..who joins hands with the lawyer in his ruin of thousands. 20. to join issue (†join in issue): see issue n. Phrases 2a. Also elliptically to join. ΚΠ a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) iii. ii. 151 There Sir, I joyn with you; A fit decorum must be kept, the Court Distinguished from the City. 21. With various objects, expressing the result or the nature of the joining: as to join †affinity, to join company, to join concert, †to join encounter, †to join unity, etc. ΚΠ c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 13831 The coniunctoun vniust is Ioynit vs betwene. 1593 Tell-Trothes New-yeares Gift (1876) 8 To joyne unity with the whole world. 1611 Bible (King James) 2 Chron. xviii. 1 Iehoshaphat..ioyned affinitie with Ahab. View more context for this quotation 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. viii. 364 Who intending to visit Fez, joyned company with me. 1738 J. Wesley Coll. Psalms & Hymns (new ed.) civ. iv. x 'Till with my Song the list'ning World Join Concert. 1859 J. M. Jephson & L. Reeve Narr. Walking Tour Brittany 235 At St. Malo, we joined company, quite accidentally. 22. to join the ladies: to go into the room to which the ladies have retired after dinner. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > courtesy > courteous act or expression > use formal courtesy in act or expression [verb (intransitive)] > join ladies after dinner to join the ladies1848 1848 Punch 14 204/1 (caption) Walter, I think you had better join the ladies. 1921 J. M. Barrie (title) Shall we join the ladies? 1956 N. Marsh Off with his Head (1957) x. 212 ‘Join the ladies?’ Dr. Otterley suggested, and they did so. 1974 N. Freeling Dressing of Diamond 95 And that, thought Richard grinning, will be denounced as ‘sexual fascism’... And shall we now join the ladies? 23. if you can't beat them, join them: a semi-proverbial assertion applied to a situation where a person crosses to another side or party because he is unable to defeat them by opposition alone. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [phrase] > change according to expediency if you can't beat them, join them1955 1955 Sci. Amer. Apr. 100/3 This epistemological problem is best solved by following the classical dictum, ‘If you can't beat 'em join 'em’. 1970 Times 26 Nov. 12/3 Gale will also be applying for a ticket to the Parliamentary lobby for himself: ‘If you can't beat them, join them.’ This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † joinv.² Etymology: Aphetic for ajoyne (adjoin v. ¶), for enjoin v. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To enjoin or impose (penance, a task, etc.) upon a person. Const. to (the person), or with simple dative. = enjoin v. 2. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > impose setc888 layOE to lay on11.. enjoin?c1225 join1303 adjoina1325 cark1330 taxa1375 puta1382 impose1581 aggravate1583 fasten1585 clap1609 levy1863 octroy1865 society > authority > subjection > obedience > compulsion > compel [verb (transitive)] > force or impose something upon to lay on11.. join1303 taxa1375 intruse?a1500 oversetc1500 beforcec1555 impose1581 threap1582 fasten1585 intrude1592 thrust1597 enforcea1616 forcea1616 entail1670 top1682 trump1694 push1723 coerce1790 press1797 inflict1809 levy1863 octroy1865 wish1915 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 11782 Blelyche in penaunce for to do Alle þat he ioyneþ þe vnto. c1450 Jacob's Well (1900) 112 Þat makyth a man noȝt gladly to do penaunce þat þe preest ioyneth hym. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1879) VII. 291. 1528 W. Tyndale Obed. Christen Man f. cxj They ioyne them penaunce, as they call it. 2. To enjoin or charge (a person) to (the task), or with infinitive or subordinate clause; rarely with complement (quot. c1400²). = enjoin v. 2c, 2e. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > enjoin or instruct enjoin1297 charge1303 informa1387 charche1399 inditec1399 joinc1400 instructa1500 encharge?1533 conjoin1591 ready1600 directa1616 c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 877 Who Ioyned þe be Iostyse our iapez to blame. c1400 Rom. Rose 2355 First, I ioigne the, here in penaunce,—That..Thou set thy thought in thy loving To last withouten repenting. a1450 Knt. de la Tour (1868) 52 And they that dede the dede were ioyned to penaunce. 1563 Ld. J. Gray in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. II. 273 I wolde I were the Queenes Confessor this Lent, that I might joine her in pennaunce to forgeve and forget. 1563 2nd Tome Homelyes On Rogat. Week iii Remember..your duetie of thankes... Stil ioyne your selfe to continue in thankes geuinge. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1901; most recently modified version published online March 2021). > see also also refers to : join-comb. form < n.1825v.¹1297v.²1303 see also
随便看	keep one's pecker up keep one's place keep one's powder dry keep one's put good keep one's residence keep one's room keep one's seat keep one's silence keep one's standing keep one's state keep one's station keep one's temper keep one's terms keep one's the wind keep one's threap keep one's toe in one's pump keep one's tongue keep one's top eye open keep one's touch keep one's trap shut keep one's way keep one's weather-eye open keep one's weathereye open keep one's wicket up keep one's wind

joinn.

joinv.1

† joinv.2

> see also

joinv.¹

† joinv.²