Jinan.

Brit.

/ˈdʒɪnə/,

/ˈdʒiːnə/, U.S.

/ˈdʒɪnə/,

/ˈdʒinə/

Forms: 1700s– Jina, 1800s Gina.

Origin: A borrowing from Sanskrit. Etymon: Sanskrit jina.

Etymology: < Sanskrit jina Arhat, (in Jainism) any of the twenty-four spiritual teachers, (in Buddhism) Buddha, of uncertain origin, perhaps related to ji- to conquer (literally or metaphorically), to overcome (difficulties, desires, etc.) < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek βία strength, force.

1. Jainism. Any of the twenty-four omniscient spiritual teachers who show the way to liberation having overcome the cycle of incarnation (cf. moksha n.). Cf. Tirthankara n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > other deities > [noun] > other non-Christian deities

Dagon1382

saviouress1706

Jina1793

Arhat1807

Khaldian1882

1793 F. Wilford in Asiatick Researches 3 409 The subject is dark, because the Bráhmens, who abhor the followers of Jina, either know little of them, or are unwilling to make them the subject of conversation.

1832 Asiatic Researches 17 250 The twenty-four Jinas are distinguished from each other in colour, stature, and longevity.

1884 Sacred Bks. East XXII. i. 201 The Venerable One had become an Arhat and Gina.

1915 A. M. Stevenson Heart of Jainism iii. 39 Mahāvīra now added to his titles those of Jina (or Conqueror of the Eight Karma, the great enemies).

1971 Illustr. Weekly India 11 Apr. 8/1 (caption) Risabha and Vardhamana are the most honoured among the twenty-four Tirthankaras and the Jain scriptures narrate in detail the life of these two Jinas.

2001 J. E. Cort Jains in World i. 25 A hymn of veneration of the twenty-four Jinas.

2. Buddhism. A title for the Buddha. Also (in Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism): any of five Buddhas considered to be of particular significance.

ΚΠ

1802 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 35 He threw off the rites of the Brahmans, and adopted the religion of Jina (Buddha).

1829 Asiatic Jrnl. & Monthly Rev. Mar. 278 The names of Ádi-Buddha are innumerable:..Lókajíta, Jina, Anádinidhána, [etc.]

1894 Jrnl. Royal Asiatic Soc. App. 77 The circlet of the five Jina Buddhas.

1924 B. Bhattacharya Indian Buddhist Iconogr. i. 2 The Jinas (victorious ones) are Vairocana, Ratnasambhava, Amitābha, Amoghasiddhi and Aksobhya, whose colours respectively are white, yellow, red, green and blue.

2003 A. M. Livingston in J. C. Huntington & D. Bangdel Circle of Bliss 90/1 Fivefold sets of paintings or sculptures devoted to the Jinas.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022).

单词	jina
释义	Jinan. Brit. /ˈdʒɪnə/, /ˈdʒiːnə/, U.S. /ˈdʒɪnə/, /ˈdʒinə/ Forms: 1700s– Jina, 1800s Gina. Origin: A borrowing from Sanskrit. Etymon: Sanskrit jina. Etymology: < Sanskrit jina Arhat, (in Jainism) any of the twenty-four spiritual teachers, (in Buddhism) Buddha, of uncertain origin, perhaps related to ji- to conquer (literally or metaphorically), to overcome (difficulties, desires, etc.) < the same Indo-European base as ancient Greek βία strength, force. 1. Jainism. Any of the twenty-four omniscient spiritual teachers who show the way to liberation having overcome the cycle of incarnation (cf. moksha n.). Cf. Tirthankara n. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > other deities > [noun] > other non-Christian deities Dagon1382 saviouress1706 Jina1793 Arhat1807 Khaldian1882 1793 F. Wilford in Asiatick Researches 3 409 The subject is dark, because the Bráhmens, who abhor the followers of Jina, either know little of them, or are unwilling to make them the subject of conversation. 1832 Asiatic Researches 17 250 The twenty-four Jinas are distinguished from each other in colour, stature, and longevity. 1884 Sacred Bks. East XXII. i. 201 The Venerable One had become an Arhat and Gina. 1915 A. M. Stevenson Heart of Jainism iii. 39 Mahāvīra now added to his titles those of Jina (or Conqueror of the Eight Karma, the great enemies). 1971 Illustr. Weekly India 11 Apr. 8/1 (caption) Risabha and Vardhamana are the most honoured among the twenty-four Tirthankaras and the Jain scriptures narrate in detail the life of these two Jinas. 2001 J. E. Cort Jains in World i. 25 A hymn of veneration of the twenty-four Jinas. 2. Buddhism. A title for the Buddha. Also (in Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism): any of five Buddhas considered to be of particular significance. ΚΠ 1802 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 35 He threw off the rites of the Brahmans, and adopted the religion of Jina (Buddha). 1829 Asiatic Jrnl. & Monthly Rev. Mar. 278 The names of Ádi-Buddha are innumerable:..Lókajíta, Jina, Anádinidhána, [etc.] 1894 Jrnl. Royal Asiatic Soc. App. 77 The circlet of the five Jina Buddhas. 1924 B. Bhattacharya Indian Buddhist Iconogr. i. 2 The Jinas (victorious ones) are Vairocana, Ratnasambhava, Amitābha, Amoghasiddhi and Aksobhya, whose colours respectively are white, yellow, red, green and blue. 2003 A. M. Livingston in J. C. Huntington & D. Bangdel Circle of Bliss 90/1 Fivefold sets of paintings or sculptures devoted to the Jinas. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2022). < n.1793
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