Jack in the greenn.

Brit.

/ˈdʒak ᵻn ðə ˌɡriːn/, U.S.

/ˈdʒæk ɪn ðə ˌɡrin/

Forms:

α. 1700s– Jack in the green.

β. 1800s– Jack in green (chiefly in sense 2).

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Jack n.², in prep., the adj., green n.¹

Etymology: In α. forms < Jack n.² + in prep. + the adj. + green n.¹ In β. forms < Jack n.² + in prep. + green n.¹

a. At May Day celebrations, formerly esp. among chimney sweeps: (a name for) a man or boy wearing a wooden or wicker framework in the shape of a rounded cone or a pyramid, which is decorated with leaves to symbolize seasonal fertility. Cf. Jack o' the green n. at Jack n.² Phrases 3, Jack-in-the-bush n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > persons and characters > [noun] > characters in May-day festivities

May-lady1564

savage mana1577

green man1578

May Marian1582

May Queen1600

malkina1625

Jack o' the green1729

Jack-in-the-bush1792

Jack in the green1794

May Day sweep1832

green1836

Maid Marian1893

1794 J. Moser Adventures Timothy Twig II. xxv. 67 Gay arbours..Where parties sit snug, just like Jack in the Green.

1839 T. Hood Sweep's Complaint in Hood's Own 415 Next year there won't be any May-day at all..Jack in the Green will go in black like mourning for our mischance.

1895 H. B. Wheatley Pepys' Diary VI. 296 (note) The editor saw a jack-in-the-green with men dressed as milkmaids dancing round it on May 1st of the present year.

1913 E. M. Wright Rustic Speech & Folk-lore xvi. 296 The Jack-in-the-green, very common twenty or twenty-five years ago, was a chimney-sweep enclosed in a frame of green leaves shaped like a bower, who paraded the streets on May-day.

2014 Time Out London (Nexis) 25 Apr. 40 The parade begins at noon at The Dog & Bell pub in Deptford. It's led by a banner-bearer, then comes Jack-in-the-Green, a huge faceless tree figure, with leaves and a floral crown.

b. In outdoor shows, pageants, masques, etc.: a man dressed in greenery, representing a wild man of the woods or seasonal fertility; = green man n. 1a.In later use often forming part of May Day celebrations (and hence sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 1a).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > persons and characters > [noun] > participants in other specific festivities

savage mana1577

Saturnaliana1665

souler1778

wren-boys?a1800

Jack in the green1835

carnivaller1881

orgiophant1886

strawboy1894

carnivalite1896

garlander1939

1835 G. Soane Zarah (BL Add. 42932) f. 565^v Dramatis Personæ..Jack in the Green.

1919 H. Bayley Archaic Eng. x. 540 The rôle of this English Hopkin was probably similar to that enacted by other Jack-in-Greens, King-of-the-Years, or Spirit-of-the-Years.

1955 G. Grigson Englishman's Flora 252 The heads so frequently carved in churches, with leaves around them,..represent the Green Man, the Jack-in-the-Green, or Robin Hood or King of May, the sacrificial victim.

2006 Independent 29 May 12/2 For those attending the march—headed by a Jack in the Green, a walking antler-adorned bush representing the fertility and renewal of the Celtic season of Beltane—the pride was tempered by resentment of the prejudice and distrust that surrounds paganism.

2. Horticulture. Any variety of primrose or polyanthus in which the segments of the calyx are converted into leaf-like structures. Also attributive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > primrose and allied flowers > primrose or auricula

primrosea1425

primula1526

petty mullein1578

bear's ear1597

bear's ear sanicle1597

bird's eye1597

mountain cowslip1597

rock rose1597

French cowslip1629

auricula1655

polyanthusa1678

polyanth1757

Scotch primrose1777

plumrose1787

plumrock1789

bird's eye primrose1796

Chinese primrose1825

dusty miller1825

Jack-in-the-box1850

Jack in the green1875

polyanthus primrose1882

boar's-ears-

1875 Gardeners' Chron. 17 July 79/3 I was told lately of that rather ornamental variety called Jack-in-the-Green, or some similar name.

1895 Gardening Illustr. 11 May 149/2 (advt.) Jack-in-Green Polyanthus.

1914 Jrnl. Royal Hort. Soc. 39 101 The forms commonly called ‘Jack in the Green’ are very quaint and interesting.

1957 A. G. Puttock Primulas ii. 22 Even more interesting are the Jack-in-Greens or Galligaskins to use their Irish name. These are single primroses, but they grow an Elizabethan ruff or frill of green leaves round the blooms.

1996 R. Mabey Flora Britannica 168/1 Much rarer, though greatly prized by early cottage gardeners, are Jack-in-the-greens, where the normal calyx is replaced by a ruff of miniature primrose leaves.

2016 Bexhill Observer (Nexis) 14 Jan. As well as the Jack in the green primrose, snowflake snowdrop, helleborus and camellia pictured here, her garden also has geraniums.

Compounds

General attributive.

ΚΠ

1867 J. C. Patteson Jrnl. 30 May in C. M. Yonge Life J. C. Patteson (1874) II. 169 Covering his body with a sort of Jack-in-the-green wicker work of leaves, &c.

1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 529 The heads of his society..go out to meet him in their canoes, and bring him in his Jack-in-the-Green dress ashore.

1982 Southern Rag 12 35/1 A Jack in the Green figure.

2016 Times (Nexis) 3 May 19 (caption) A participant in the Jack in the Green parade at Hastings, where Jack is ‘slain’ to release the spirit of summer.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	jack in the green
释义	Jack in the greenn. Brit. /ˈdʒak ᵻn ðə ˌɡriːn/, U.S. /ˈdʒæk ɪn ðə ˌɡrin/ Forms: α. 1700s– Jack in the green. β. 1800s– Jack in green (chiefly in sense 2). Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: Jack n.², in prep., the adj., green n.¹ Etymology: In α. forms < Jack n.² + in prep. + the adj. + green n.¹ In β. forms < Jack n.² + in prep. + green n.¹ 1. a. At May Day celebrations, formerly esp. among chimney sweeps: (a name for) a man or boy wearing a wooden or wicker framework in the shape of a rounded cone or a pyramid, which is decorated with leaves to symbolize seasonal fertility. Cf. Jack o' the green n. at Jack n.² Phrases 3, Jack-in-the-bush n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > persons and characters > [noun] > characters in May-day festivities May-lady1564 savage mana1577 green man1578 May Marian1582 May Queen1600 malkina1625 Jack o' the green1729 Jack-in-the-bush1792 Jack in the green1794 May Day sweep1832 green1836 Maid Marian1893 1794 J. Moser Adventures Timothy Twig II. xxv. 67 Gay arbours..Where parties sit snug, just like Jack in the Green. 1839 T. Hood Sweep's Complaint in Hood's Own 415 Next year there won't be any May-day at all..Jack in the Green will go in black like mourning for our mischance. 1895 H. B. Wheatley Pepys' Diary VI. 296 (note) The editor saw a jack-in-the-green with men dressed as milkmaids dancing round it on May 1st of the present year. 1913 E. M. Wright Rustic Speech & Folk-lore xvi. 296 The Jack-in-the-green, very common twenty or twenty-five years ago, was a chimney-sweep enclosed in a frame of green leaves shaped like a bower, who paraded the streets on May-day. 2014 Time Out London (Nexis) 25 Apr. 40 The parade begins at noon at The Dog & Bell pub in Deptford. It's led by a banner-bearer, then comes Jack-in-the-Green, a huge faceless tree figure, with leaves and a floral crown. b. In outdoor shows, pageants, masques, etc.: a man dressed in greenery, representing a wild man of the woods or seasonal fertility; = green man n. 1a.In later use often forming part of May Day celebrations (and hence sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense 1a). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > festive occasion > persons and characters > [noun] > participants in other specific festivities savage mana1577 Saturnaliana1665 souler1778 wren-boys?a1800 Jack in the green1835 carnivaller1881 orgiophant1886 strawboy1894 carnivalite1896 garlander1939 1835 G. Soane Zarah (BL Add. 42932) f. 565^v Dramatis Personæ..Jack in the Green. 1919 H. Bayley Archaic Eng. x. 540 The rôle of this English Hopkin was probably similar to that enacted by other Jack-in-Greens, King-of-the-Years, or Spirit-of-the-Years. 1955 G. Grigson Englishman's Flora 252 The heads so frequently carved in churches, with leaves around them,..represent the Green Man, the Jack-in-the-Green, or Robin Hood or King of May, the sacrificial victim. 2006 Independent 29 May 12/2 For those attending the march—headed by a Jack in the Green, a walking antler-adorned bush representing the fertility and renewal of the Celtic season of Beltane—the pride was tempered by resentment of the prejudice and distrust that surrounds paganism. 2. Horticulture. Any variety of primrose or polyanthus in which the segments of the calyx are converted into leaf-like structures. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > primrose and allied flowers > primrose or auricula primrosea1425 primula1526 petty mullein1578 bear's ear1597 bear's ear sanicle1597 bird's eye1597 mountain cowslip1597 rock rose1597 French cowslip1629 auricula1655 polyanthusa1678 polyanth1757 Scotch primrose1777 plumrose1787 plumrock1789 bird's eye primrose1796 Chinese primrose1825 dusty miller1825 Jack-in-the-box1850 Jack in the green1875 polyanthus primrose1882 boar's-ears- 1875 Gardeners' Chron. 17 July 79/3 I was told lately of that rather ornamental variety called Jack-in-the-Green, or some similar name. 1895 Gardening Illustr. 11 May 149/2 (advt.) Jack-in-Green Polyanthus. 1914 Jrnl. Royal Hort. Soc. 39 101 The forms commonly called ‘Jack in the Green’ are very quaint and interesting. 1957 A. G. Puttock Primulas ii. 22 Even more interesting are the Jack-in-Greens or Galligaskins to use their Irish name. These are single primroses, but they grow an Elizabethan ruff or frill of green leaves round the blooms. 1996 R. Mabey Flora Britannica 168/1 Much rarer, though greatly prized by early cottage gardeners, are Jack-in-the-greens, where the normal calyx is replaced by a ruff of miniature primrose leaves. 2016 Bexhill Observer (Nexis) 14 Jan. As well as the Jack in the green primrose, snowflake snowdrop, helleborus and camellia pictured here, her garden also has geraniums. Compounds General attributive. ΚΠ 1867 J. C. Patteson Jrnl. 30 May in C. M. Yonge Life J. C. Patteson (1874) II. 169 Covering his body with a sort of Jack-in-the-green wicker work of leaves, &c. 1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 529 The heads of his society..go out to meet him in their canoes, and bring him in his Jack-in-the-Green dress ashore. 1982 Southern Rag 12 35/1 A Jack in the Green figure. 2016 Times (Nexis) 3 May 19 (caption) A participant in the Jack in the Green parade at Hastings, where Jack is ‘slain’ to release the spirit of summer. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1794
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