Iranianadj.n.

Brit.

/ɪˈreɪnɪən/,

/ɪˈrɑːnɪən/, U.S.

/ɪˈreɪniən/,

/ɪˈrɑniən/,

/aɪˈreɪniən/

Etymology: < Persian īrān Persia + -ian suffix.

A. adj.

1. Of or pertaining to Iran or Persia; in Compar. Philol. applied to one of the two Asiatic families of the Indo-European languages, comprising Zend and Old Persian and their modern descendants or cognates.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Near East, Middle East, and Asia Minor > [adjective] > Middle East > Persia or Iran

Memnonian1614

Iranian1841

Iranic1873

1841 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. 3 The Iranian stock, so called from the native name of Persia (Iran), containing the ancient, middle and modern Persian, with the allied tongues..of Curdistan, Affgaunistan, Beloochistan, and Bocharia.

1870 F. W. Farrar Families of Speech ii. 78 The Aryans proper..still lingering in or near their old Iranian home.

1883 St. James's Gaz. 7 Sept. The great depression to the north of the Iranian plateau.

†2.

a. = Aryan adj. 1a; Indo-European. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European

Indo-European1814

Indo-German1826

Indo-Germanic1835

Aryan1839

Iranian1848

Indo-Teutonic1850

Kurdish1933

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Indo-Iranian

Iranian1848

Iranic1873

Indo-Iranian1876

1848 J. C. Prichard in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1847 241 The Indo-European, sometimes termed Indo-German, and, by late writers, Arian or Iranian languages.

b. = Indo-Iranian. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1850 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. (ed. 3) 94 The Iranian stock of languages.—This contains the proper Persian languages of Persia (Iran)..the Kurd language, and all the languages of Asia..derived from the Zend or Sanskrit.

B. n.

1. A member of the Iranian race; a speaker of an Iranian language.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > Turk > Iranian > [noun]

Kurd1609

Iranian1870

1870 F. W. Farrar Families of Speech ii. 104 The Aryans proper, who subsequently divided into Iranians and Hindoos.

1877 G. Rawlinson Origin Nations i. vi. 102 For the ornamentation of their buildings..the Iranians..employed sculpture.

2. The Iranian language.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Indo-Iranian > Iranian

Iranian1885

1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 655/2 Afghan..is at bottom a pure Iranian language, not merely intermediate between Iranian and Indian.

1898 R. Brown Semitic Infl. Hellenic Mythol. iii. iii. 89 Its truth does not depend upon the fact that Iranian and Greek are two dialects of an original common speech.

1952 G. Sarton Hist. Sci. I. xii. 312 Scythian was probably a form of Iranian, the northwestern branch of it.

1966 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 705/2 The nations speaking Iranian are divided linguistically into two main groups.

Derivatives

Iˈranic adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Near East, Middle East, or Asia Minor > native or inhabitant of Iran, Iraq, or the Gulf > [adjective]

Persianc1400

Persic1585

Iraqi1777

Omani1865

Iranic1873

Marsh Arab1917

Yemeni1955

Tehrani1975

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Near East, Middle East, and Asia Minor > [adjective] > Middle East > Persia or Iran

Memnonian1614

Iranian1841

Iranic1873

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Indo-Iranian

Iranian1848

Iranic1873

Indo-Iranian1876

1873 F. W. Farrar Families of Speech (new ed.) 80* Table of the Aryan Languages Iranic Family.

1877 G. Rawlinson Orig. Nations (1883) vi. 21 Iranic civilization, of that or the Medes, the Persians, and..the Bactrians.

Iˈranicize v.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Near East, Middle East, or Asia Minor > native or inhabitant of Iran, Iraq, or the Gulf > [verb (transitive)]

Iranize1899

Iranicize1945

Iraqize1959

1945 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 75 74/1 There is some reason to believe that the Daylamites were of pre-Iranian origin, but by the tenth century they were iranicized, although not entirely assimilated to the dominant race.

Iˈranize v. (transitive) to make Iranian in character, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Near East, Middle East, or Asia Minor > native or inhabitant of Iran, Iraq, or the Gulf > [verb (transitive)]

Iranize1899

Iranicize1945

Iraqize1959

1899 W. Z. Ripley Races of Europe xv. 420 The Azerbeidjians..have become much Iranized by contact with the dolichocephalic peoples of this region.

1948 D. Diringer Alphabet 316 They [sc. Uighurs]..may conveniently be called Iranized Turks.

1961 L. F. Brosnahan Sounds of Lang. viii. 177 A palatalisation..occurs in most of the Turco-Tartar languages..but not in..the iranised Uzbek dialects.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	iranian
释义	Iranianadj.n. Brit. /ɪˈreɪnɪən/, /ɪˈrɑːnɪən/, U.S. /ɪˈreɪniən/, /ɪˈrɑniən/, /aɪˈreɪniən/ Etymology: < Persian īrān Persia + -ian suffix. A. adj. 1. Of or pertaining to Iran or Persia; in Compar. Philol. applied to one of the two Asiatic families of the Indo-European languages, comprising Zend and Old Persian and their modern descendants or cognates. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Near East, Middle East, and Asia Minor > [adjective] > Middle East > Persia or Iran Memnonian1614 Iranian1841 Iranic1873 1841 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. 3 The Iranian stock, so called from the native name of Persia (Iran), containing the ancient, middle and modern Persian, with the allied tongues..of Curdistan, Affgaunistan, Beloochistan, and Bocharia. 1870 F. W. Farrar Families of Speech ii. 78 The Aryans proper..still lingering in or near their old Iranian home. 1883 St. James's Gaz. 7 Sept. The great depression to the north of the Iranian plateau. †2. a. = Aryan adj. 1a; Indo-European. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European Indo-European1814 Indo-German1826 Indo-Germanic1835 Aryan1839 Iranian1848 Indo-Teutonic1850 Kurdish1933 the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Indo-Iranian Iranian1848 Iranic1873 Indo-Iranian1876 1848 J. C. Prichard in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 1847 241 The Indo-European, sometimes termed Indo-German, and, by late writers, Arian or Iranian languages. b. = Indo-Iranian. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1850 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. (ed. 3) 94 The Iranian stock of languages.—This contains the proper Persian languages of Persia (Iran)..the Kurd language, and all the languages of Asia..derived from the Zend or Sanskrit. B. n. 1. A member of the Iranian race; a speaker of an Iranian language. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > Turk > Iranian > [noun] Kurd1609 Iranian1870 1870 F. W. Farrar Families of Speech ii. 104 The Aryans proper, who subsequently divided into Iranians and Hindoos. 1877 G. Rawlinson Origin Nations i. vi. 102 For the ornamentation of their buildings..the Iranians..employed sculpture. 2. The Iranian language. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Indo-Iranian > Iranian Iranian1885 1885 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 655/2 Afghan..is at bottom a pure Iranian language, not merely intermediate between Iranian and Indian. 1898 R. Brown Semitic Infl. Hellenic Mythol. iii. iii. 89 Its truth does not depend upon the fact that Iranian and Greek are two dialects of an original common speech. 1952 G. Sarton Hist. Sci. I. xii. 312 Scythian was probably a form of Iranian, the northwestern branch of it. 1966 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 705/2 The nations speaking Iranian are divided linguistically into two main groups. Derivatives Iˈranic adj. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Near East, Middle East, or Asia Minor > native or inhabitant of Iran, Iraq, or the Gulf > [adjective] Persianc1400 Persic1585 Iraqi1777 Omani1865 Iranic1873 Marsh Arab1917 Yemeni1955 Tehrani1975 the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Near East, Middle East, and Asia Minor > [adjective] > Middle East > Persia or Iran Memnonian1614 Iranian1841 Iranic1873 the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Indo-Iranian Iranian1848 Iranic1873 Indo-Iranian1876 1873 F. W. Farrar Families of Speech (new ed.) 80* Table of the Aryan Languages Iranic Family. 1877 G. Rawlinson Orig. Nations (1883) vi. 21 Iranic civilization, of that or the Medes, the Persians, and..the Bactrians. Iˈranicize v. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Near East, Middle East, or Asia Minor > native or inhabitant of Iran, Iraq, or the Gulf > [verb (transitive)] Iranize1899 Iranicize1945 Iraqize1959 1945 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 75 74/1 There is some reason to believe that the Daylamites were of pre-Iranian origin, but by the tenth century they were iranicized, although not entirely assimilated to the dominant race. Iˈranize v. (transitive) to make Iranian in character, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Near East, Middle East, or Asia Minor > native or inhabitant of Iran, Iraq, or the Gulf > [verb (transitive)] Iranize1899 Iranicize1945 Iraqize1959 1899 W. Z. Ripley Races of Europe xv. 420 The Azerbeidjians..have become much Iranized by contact with the dolichocephalic peoples of this region. 1948 D. Diringer Alphabet 316 They [sc. Uighurs]..may conveniently be called Iranized Turks. 1961 L. F. Brosnahan Sounds of Lang. viii. 177 A palatalisation..occurs in most of the Turco-Tartar languages..but not in..the iranised Uzbek dialects. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1841
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