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单词 astound
释义

astoundadj.

Brit. /əˈstaʊnd/, U.S. /əˈstaʊnd/
Forms: Middle English astuned, Middle English–1500s astouned, Middle English astownyd, 1500s astownd, 1500s astound.
Etymology: A phonetic development of astoned adj., astun'd, Middle English/aˈstunəd/, /aˈstund/, by lengthening and subsequent diphthongizing of the u, as happened in bound, found, ground, round, Old English bunden, funden, grund, Old French rond. The result was to dissociate astūnd, astound < astone, astun, and to make it appear as an independent adjective.
archaic.
1. Stunned, stupefied. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > [adjective] > physically stupefied
amazedOE
astoundc1315
stonieda1340
dareda1400
dazedc1400
stupefact?a1425
adasedc1450
dolda1500
dazinga1533
dazzling1571
stupid1571
fordulled1591
entranced1594
torpid1656
damp1667
stuporous1712
rammista1838
stuporose1879
dazy1880
sent1940
like a stunned mullet1953
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > [adjective] > stunned
astonedc1300
astoundc1315
astoniedc1386
astoundedc1540
stonied1682
stunned1764
silly1829
out on one's feet1894
c1315 Shoreham 88 Ase a mesel ther he lay Astouned in spote and blode.
c1330 Arth. & Merl. 6297 Hors and man astuned lay.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. ix. sig. I2 His hollow eyne Lookt deadly dull, and stared as astound.
2. Confounded, distracted; amazed; astounded. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > feeling of wonder, astonishment > [adjective] > and stunned
astoned1297
mazeda1325
astonieda1375
clumseda1400
stupefact?a1425
astoundc1440
matedc1450
astonate1522
stupid1571
astounded1619
sparrow-blasteda1652
petrified1720
stupent1747
stounded1756
stupefied1790
stunned1845
shent1861
c1440 Generydes 4013 Where with the Sowdon was astownyd sore.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. G6v With staring countenance..as one astownd.
1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne xix. lxv. 349 Vafrine..with griefe and care Remain'd astound.
1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island xii. xl. 168 Earth astound, Bids dogs with houls give warning.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake ii. 86 Ellen, dizzy and astound, As sudden ruin yawned around.
1881 D. G. Rossetti Ballads & Sonnets 126 Astound of the fearful sight.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

astoundv.

Brit. /əˈstaʊnd/, U.S. /əˈstaʊnd/
Etymology: < c1600 from the astound adj., either by treating it as a simple adjective, and forming a factitive verb on it, as in round , to round , or by taking it as the contracted form of a past participle astounded , which implied a verb to astound . (Compare Middle English send = sended , past participle of send v.1) The latter view is supported by the facts that the participle astounded (see astounded adj.) appears much earlier than the other parts of the verb, and that the earliest instance of the latter shows astound as (contracted) past tense. Analogous changes appear in the verb sound , sounded , for Old French soner , suner , souner , Middle English soun , past tense souned , soun'd , and in several other words. (Compare especially drownd , variant of drown v., and its past participle drownded.)
1. To deprive of consciousness, stupefy. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > unconsciousness > deprive of consciousness [verb (transitive)]
exanimate1593
astound1600
disself1606
unsense1611
dissense1619
the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > dullness of sense perception > dull (the senses) [verb (transitive)] > stupefy
swevec725
amazeOE
mazec1390
dazea1400
fordulla1400
stupefy?a1425
dullc1440
entrance1569
damp1570
daunt1581
stupefact1583
trance1597
astound1600
mulla1616
doze1617
soporate1623
consopite1647
obstupefying1660
dozzlea1670
infatuate1712
smoor1718
silly1859
maizel1869
zombify1950
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > make a loud sound or noise [verb (transitive)] > deafen or stun
adinc1275
stonyc1330
astone1340
astony1340
deavea1400
fordeave?1553
blasta1616
stun1621
obtund1664
dunt1672
dun1674
bruit1707
astound1727
steven1862
1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne ix. xxiii. 163 No weapon on his hard'ned helmet bit, No puissant stroke his senses once astound.
1727 J. Thomson Summer 62 The Lightnings flash a larger Curve, and more The Noise astounds.
2. To shock with alarm, surprise, or wonder; to strike with amazement.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > feeling of wonder, astonishment > quality of inspiring wonder > cause wonder, astonish [verb (transitive)] > stupefy
awhapec1300
stonyc1330
astony1340
astonec1374
mazec1390
stounda1400
stuna1400
to-stony?a1400
stounc1400
clumsec1440
overmusec1460
stonish1488
strike1533
dazzle1561
stoyne1563
stupefy1577
stupefact1583
obstupefy1611
astound1637
petrify1667
flabbergast1773
stagnatea1798
stama1800
swarf1813
boggle1835
razzle-dazzle1886
to knock sideways1890
stupend1900
gobsmack1987
1637 J. Milton Comus 8 These thoughts may startle well, but not astound The vertuous mind.
1642 J. Milton Apol. Smectymnuus 43 It was intended to astound and to astonish the guilty Prelats.
1837 J. Harris Great Teacher 367 Who could..have dazzled and astounded the world with celestial visions.
1851 H. Spencer Social Statics xxxii. §6 Very intimate friends occasionally astound him by quite unexpected behaviour.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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adj.c1315v.1600
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更新时间:2025/1/11 3:40:21