abroadadv.prep.n.

Brit.

/əˈbrɔːd/, U.S.

/əˈbrɔd/,

/əˈbrɑd/

Forms:

α. Middle English (northern) 1600s abrade, Middle English–1600s abrod, Middle English–1600s abrode, Middle English–1600s abrood, 1500s–1600s abroade, 1500s– abroad, 1800s abroard (English regional (Cornwall)), 1800s– abrawd (English regional (Cornwall)); Scottish pre-1700 abrade, pre-1700 abrod, pre-1700 abrode, pre-1700 1700s– abroad, 1800s– abraid.

β. Middle English obrade (northern), Middle English obrode.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: a prep.¹, broad n.¹

Etymology: < a prep.¹ + broad n.¹ (see discussion at that entry). Compare abreid adv. and in brode at broad n.¹ 1.With the β. forms compare on- prefix. The phrasal construction on brode is also occasionally attested in Middle English. A comparative form abroader is occasionally attested (compare quot. 1923 at sense A. 4a).

A. adv.

a. Over a broad or wide area; widely, broadly; †so as to be fully open or outspread (obsolete). In later use more commonly with reference to non-physical things, as news, information, etc. Frequently in later use to spread abroad.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > largeness > [adverb] > with vast extent

abroadc1300

largelya1398

widely1579

spaciously1598

broadly1599

amply?1611

heaven-wide?1611

spacious1615

extensively1736

extendedly1806

worldwide1836

vastily1844

amplitudinously1921

c1300 St. Brendan (Laud) 485 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 233 (MED) Þe se was brenninde al-abrod, ase þei heo were afuyre.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 11228 (MED) Hii caste awei þe dosils, þat win orn abrod so.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. 6891 (MED) Hire kertell and hire mantel eke Abrod upon his bed he spredde.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 2587 (MED) Þe pecock..with his feþeris schene Splayed abrod as a large sail.

c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 106 (MED) He bad hym hald obrade his skyrte.

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxxxv. 115 Plente of sylke, and clothe of gold was there abrode.

a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) lxv. sig. Pv^v Riche aparayle of emerines lay abrode in euery wyndowe.

1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xv. f. 252/2 The Ilande stretcheth farre abroad.

1611 Bible (King James) Rom. v. 5 The loue of God is shed abroad in our hearts.

1643 W. Burton tr. J. H. Alsted Beloved City 77 From that time the light of the Gospel hath been spread abroad far and wide, and Satan bound up more and more.

1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Baucis & Philemon in Fables 157 Baucis..rakes the Load Of Ashes from the Hearth, and spreads abroad The living Coals.

1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ix. 81 Pour it on it, and spread it abroad with a Rolling-pin.

1839 T. Carlyle Chartism iii. 20 Would to Heaven one could preach it abroad into the hearts of all sons and daughters of Adam.

1869 ‘M. Twain’ Innocents Abroad v. 51 This hood..stands up high, and spreads far abroad, and is unfathomably deep.

1955 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 68 179 He thought about the glory he got by spreading the news abroad in the market place.

1992 G. S. Thomas Ornamental Shrubs, Climbers & Bamboos 153 It..usually flowers a few weeks later, the tiny flowers being borne freely among the leaves and wafting fragrance abroad.

b. With the fragments or parts widely scattered; in many separate places; widely asunder. Frequently in to cast (also scatter, throw, etc.) abroad. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > [adverb]

abroadc1300

sunderly1541

dispersedly1561

scatteringly1570

sparsedly1570

strewingly1578

scatteredly1612

c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 2390 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 175 (MED) Wit is hondene he todrouȝ..his flesch atþe laste, pece and oþur al abrod, a-wei fram him he caste.

c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 9791 (MED) Þe brain orn al abrod in þe pauiment.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xii. 30 He that gadrith nat to gidre with me, scatrith abrood.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 2862 (MED) Þanne schulde he [sc. the plowman] neuer, in vale nor in pleyn..þrowe abrod his greyne.

?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 1883 (MED) Þe wynde fast blawe, Þe thak brennand it blew o brade.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Neh. i. 8 Yf ye transgresse, then wil I scater you abrode amonge the nacions.

1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xiii. i. 259 They [sc. houses] stand scattered abroad, each one dwelling in the midst of his owne occupieng.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus iv. i. 104 The angry northen wind Will blow these sands like Sibels leaues abroad.

1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) ii. xviii. 260 The nature of this plant is such that if you touch but the cods when the seed is ripe, though you do it neuer so gently, yet will the seeds fly all abroad with violence.

1696 T. Brookhouse Temple Opened 58 The Extrusion of the Poor Reffugies was only an Act of Secretion By Him who has his Fan in his hand, who..dispersed them abroad, not for their Ruine but their Safety.

1759 A. Smith Theory Moral Sentiments ii. §ii. iii. 189 The different members..are..dissipated and scattered abroad by the violence and opposition of their discordant affections.

1778 R. Lowth Isaiah xxviii. 25 Doth not he then scatter the dill, and cast abroad the cummin?

1863 W. Barnes Gram. & Gloss. Dorset Dial. 61 On the following morning the..cocks are thrown abroad in passels.

1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust I. x. 155 Then a chance will come, a holiday, When, piece by piece, can one the things abroad display.

1897 H. G. Wells Invisible Man vii. 64 Then came Panic, and scattered them abroad through the village as a gust scatters dead leaves.

1937 H. S. Bennett Life on Eng. Manor iv. 80 This box was called a seed-lip, or hopper, and from it the sower took seed and scattered it abroad with a rhythmic movement of the body.

1974 L. Thorpe tr. Gregory of Tours Hist. of Franks v. 261 The man's relations..cut Silvester's son to pieces and scattered the fragments abroad.

1988 J. J. Graham & J. Tait Shetland Folk Bk. VIII. 44 Daddy takes his straen kishie over his shoulder and throws abroad the clean oat seed.

c. Widely apart; with the component parts spread out; (of the limbs) outstretched. Frequently in to spread (also stretch, throw, etc.) abroad. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > [adverb] > spread apart

abroadc1300

o brodea1400

abreid?a1425

c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 2039 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 165 (MED) His felawes euerechone heore Armes a-brod caste.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 179 (MED) And he strecche out his armes and hondes abrood.

a1425 Lay Folks' Mass Bk. (Cambr.) (1904) l. 239 (MED) Þe prest..wyll sprede his armes obrade [c1450 Newnh. abrade].

a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 1082 The lyoun was hungry..Abrod [c1450 BL Add. one brede] he spredde alle hys powes.

a1540 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 357/2 Pope Gelasius..appointed that the Priestes should say the Secretes, the Cannon, and the Prefaces with their armes stretched abroad.

1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 50 But the leaues be more spred abroad.

1627 F. Bacon New Atlantis 6 At his coming he did bend to us a little, and put his arms abroad.

1672 J. Davies Anc. Rites Durham 17 A goodly fine Lantern, or Letteron, of Brass..with a great Pelican on the height of it, finely gilt..her wings spread abroad, whereon did lye the Book.

1696 J. Pechey Gen. Treat. Dis. Maids xxi. 126 Being in this posture she must spread her Thighs abroad, folding her Legs a little towards her Buttocks.

1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Ceyx & Alcyone in Fables 372 Where lay the God And slept supine, his Limbs display'd abroad.

1781 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad. 24 The locks of the hair are flying abroad in all directions.

1825 J. Neal Brother Jonathan I. iv. 84 There was Edith..; her arms abroad—one sleeve pushed up to the shoulder.

1847 H. W. Longfellow Evangeline i. v. 116 Stretched abroad on the seashore motionless lay his form.

1887 A. Conan Doyle in Beeton's Christmas Ann. 19 His hands were clenched and his arms thrown abroad, while his lower limbs were interlocked.

1912 S. E. White Land of Footprints xv. 190 Before them writhed Sulimani, close to earth, darting irregularly now to right, now to left, wriggling, spreading his arms abroad.

1935 M. Rukeyser Theory of Flight in Coll. Poems (1978) 6 The nights are restless with these dreams of ours in which we cry, fling our arms abroad.

d. Nautical. Of sails: spread. Of colours, etc.: unfurled, flying. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > standard > [adjective] > of colours (flags)

abroad1573

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [adjective] > spread (of sails)

abroad1573

save-all1794

1573 G. Gascoigne Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 402 We set Our sayles abrode to slice the Salt sea fome.

1667 London Gaz. cxxxvi/1 The Dragon Fregat appearing with Dutch Colours abroad, the Captain..remanded his Men.

1705 Boston News-let. 26 Mar. 2/2 A French sloop with French Colours abroad.

1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine sig. I3^v Mouiller à la voile, to let go the anchor whilst the sails are yet abroad.

1790 R. Beatson Naval & Mil. Mem. I. 187 The Admiral made the signal..for those who were to lead, to do so with the starboard tacks abroad by a wind.

1827 J. F. Cooper Red Rover I. xvi. 263 Few square-rigged boats are there, who do not wear the pennants of the King, that can..bring her into their wake, with studding-sails abroad.

1894 B. Carman & R. Hovey Songs from Vagabondia 23 His flimsy sails abroad on the wind Are shivered with fairy thunder.

1970 P. O'Brian Master & Commander (new ed.) xi. 313 The Indomptable was coming up fast, all sails abroad, sweeping along with the freshening breeze.

2006 J. Stockwin Command iv. 94 The xebec had its sails abroad now: the two larger forward ones a-goosewing.

e. Apart, in pieces. Now rare (chiefly English regional (south-western) in later use).

ΚΠ

1654 G. Goddard in T. Burton Diary (1828) (modernized text) I. Introd. p. lxxix The Parliament had already taken the Government abroad, (in pieces was meant,) and had altered and changed it.

1755 Philos. Trans. 1754 (Royal Soc.) 48 838 Strong spirit of vitriol is poured on the reguline mass, which it tears abroad, and lets loose the phlogiston.

1775 G. Cartwright Jrnl. (1792) II. 77 The mast..heeling to the other [side], I expected she would have fallen abroad.

1808 Monthly Mag. 2 421 I'll tear it abroad.

a1834 S. T. Coleridge Specimens of Table Talk (1835) II. 321 The mere spiritual Church..would fall abroad into a multitude of enthusiastic sects, as in England in the seventeenth century.

1885 E. C. Sharland Ways & Means in Devonshire Village 54 Jelly so stiff that if you were to throw it over the house 'twouldn't fall abroad.

1935 H. Williamson Devon Holiday 161 It was doubtful which would go first—the stock ‘falling abroad’ in its tunnelled brittleness, or the barrels bursting from frail old-age.

1947 E. Partridge Usage & Abusage 12/2 Abroad is sometimes misused adjectivally for apart. ‘Please, 'm,’ said the maid after a breakage, ‘it came abroad in me 'and.’

1975 J. Pocius Textile Trad. Avalon Peninsula 15 Picking the wool involved taking a small clump of wool into the hand, and pulling it apart, or ‘abroad’, with the fingers using a teasing action.

2. In public, so as to be widely known, believed, used, etc.; openly, publicly; (so as to be) in general circulation; at large.In quot. 1550 with verb of motion understood.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > relative time > the present (time) > [adverb] > current in the outside world

abroadc1300

c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 1764 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 157 Þe lettres..to Engelond he sende, to don þe sentence al a-brod.

a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 605 (MED) Hi dude [a1425 Tanner 17 schewid] hare clannesse al a-brod, & tolde men al þat soþ.

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. 953 (MED) Þis was þe speche..In euery strete..Somme rovnyng & somme spak a-brood.

c1450 (c1405) Mum & Sothsegger (BL Add. 41666) (1936) l. 1575 (MED) This..custume..bringeth a bitter byworde a-brode among þe peuple.

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 98 For I wot not whether I may speke thys a brode.

1550 T. Lever Fruitfull Serm. in Shroudes sig. B.iiii^v Their riches muste abrode in the countrey to biefermes [sic].

1570 T. Bette Agaynst Rebellious & False Rumours (single sheet) Some of his neighbors doth inquire, What newes abrode there is.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost i. i. 186 Ther's villanie abrod, this letter will tell you more.

1641 J. Milton Animadversions 7 What defaming invectives have lately flown abroad against the Subjects of Scotland.

1697 G. Stanhope tr. P. Charron Of Wisdom I. i. 397 Being very well satisfy'd, how many Cheats there are abroad in the World.

1739 D. Bellamy Perjur'd Devotee iii. 41 in Misc. in Prose & Verse I. Sir To. Well Plotwell , what News abroad, hah? Plotw. I hear none, Sir, not I. Sir To. None at all, sayst thou? nothing stirring?

1775 E. Burke Speech Amer. Taxation 29 There is also another circulation abroad, (spread with a malignant intention..).

a1817 J. Austen Persuasion (1818) III. iii. 38 It will not greatly surprise me if, with all our caution, some rumour of the truth should get abroad .

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 365 He was perfectly aware of the suspicions which were abroad.

a1894 R. L. Stevenson In South Seas (1896) ii. iv. 193 No life was abroad, nor sound of life.

1939 H. M. Miner St. Denis vii. 136 The devil, in various forms, and loup-garous were abroad in the land and were a considerable problem.

1969 G. Greene Coll. Ess. III. i. 262 In 1679 he confided to his diary—he would not have been rash enough to have told it abroad—the story of Oates and Bedlow.

1994 E. McNamee Resurrection Man (1998) xviii. 175 There was the distorted, uneasy silence of a horror film. Something was abroad that she didn't like.

a. Out of one's house or abode; outdoors; in the open; away from home.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > [adverb] > out of doors

outOE

without doorc1275

thereoutc1325

abroad?c1335

out at door (also doors)c1386

out of doors1530

thereforthc1540

forth adoors1607

forth of door(s1607

without doors1617

al fresco1717

outdoorsa1729

out-by1753

?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 123 (MED) Apan is muk he sit abrode, He þat þus doþ mid is gode.

c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. ii. 176 (MED) To bere bischopes aboute abrode in visytynge.

1460 Let. in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1922) 37 545 (MED) My lady Vervyk comys botte lytell a brode, bot kepys her allway yn the Castell.

a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iii. ii. sig. D.iij^v I bid him keepe him warme at home For if he come abroade, he shall cough me a mome.

c1576 T. Whythorne Autobiogr. (1961) 25 Such good huzwẏvz as shee waz, wilbe A brod evry morning..befor þeir huzbandz hạv any lyst to rẏz.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 i. ii. 96 I am glad to see your lordship abroade, I heard say your lordship was sicke, I hope your lordship goes abroade by aduise.

1619 J. Fletcher Demetrius & Enanthe ii. i Come, let's abroad.

1663 S. Pepys Diary 25 Jan. (1971) IV. 25 A late dispute between my Lord Chesterfield..and Mr. Edward Mountagu..who should have the precedence in taking the Queens upper hand abroad out of the house.

1685 G. Sinclair Satan's Invisible World xix. 133 He took a cloak that hung in the Shop, put it on, and walked abroad, but minding no body in the Streets, entered into some of the Citizens houses.

1727 E. Young Universal Passion: Satire V 11 Tho' sick to death, abroad they safely roam.

1782 W. Cowper John Gilpin 251 And, when he next doth ride abroad, May I be there to see!

1841 G. Borrow Zincali I. ii. iv. 296 He found me not, as I was abroad dining with a friend.

1863 L. M. Alcott Hosp. Sketches v. 77 The women who took their walks abroad, were so extinguished in three story bonnets..that their charms were obscured.

1894 A. Hope Prisoner of Zenda xvi I marked the effect on the garrison of Zenda: they ceased to be seen abroad.

1913 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 22 Feb. 65/1 When my campaign was on..I took my accustomed walks abroad in Cincinnati. Naturally I met many people.

1950 A. Huxley Let. 6 Aug. (1969) 628 In the plain you and the child can walk abroad without having to take the car.

1996 F. McCourt Angela's Ashes (1997) xiv. 359 Mammy, Mammy, wait till I tell you about Frankie McCourt abroad in the backyard in his dead grandmother's dress.

b. With verb of motion understood. Cf. let v.¹ 14c, must v.¹ 3a(b). Now archaic and rare.

ΚΠ

1609 B. Jonson Case is Alterd ii. i. sig. C3 Rachel I must abroad. Lock thy selfe in, but yet take out the key.

a1625 J. Fletcher Humorous Lieut. ii. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Qqq3/2 Come, let's abroad, and beat our brains.

1702 G. Farquhar Inconstant 65 This house is so full of Stratagem and Design, that I must abroad again.

1778 H. Brooke Little John & Giants ii. i. 22 In-sooth, I must abroad to seek my fortune.

1826 J. G. Percival Poem delivered Sept. 13, 1825 22 Let us abroad, And mid the graceful garniture of fields Take our delighted way.

1919 H. Buck Tempering (new ed.) i. 13 Damn it, I say, but I must abroad! Out in the night to wander, wander.

a. Originally: †far away from home, far off (obsolete). In later use: out of one's own country; in or into foreign lands; overseas.This use is sometimes regarded as chiefly British, but it is increasingly recorded in other varieties of English.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [adverb] > in or to foreign land(s)

beyond the seasc900

without1297

o brodea1400

on brodea1400

abroada1450

overseas1583

oversea1616

in foreigna1640

foreign1813

over sea1845

exterritorially1853

out foreign1895

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [adjective] > foreign (of country or place) or situated abroad

althedyOE

strange1297

foreigna1393

outward1427

extern1543

abroad1559

external1587

stranger1593

tramontane1596

oversea1645

transmontane1727

trans-oceanic1827

overseas1892

a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xxxvii. 679 (MED) Estward..lokeden they there Ful fer Abrod Into the Se.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. f. cliiii Than these men of warre departed and went abrode into the countrey of Quercy and Rouergue to refresshe them and to lye more at theyr ease.

1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Salisbury xv. 7 The one at home, the other abrode in Fraunce.

1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxvi. 461 When they conueyed Inhabiters abroade to people other Countries.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. xi. 32 Calling home our exil'd Friends abroad .

1642 L. Anderton Eng. Nunne sig. E^v Iesus gaue authority to his Apostles to goe abroad into seuerall Countryes to preach the Gospell.

1685 R. Morden Geogr. Rectified Ep. Ded. 1 Your..Affairs abroad have..given you a better knowledge and experience of Foreign Parts.

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 5 I resolv'd not to think of going abroad any more, but to settle at home.

1768 B. Franklin Ess. in Wks. (1840) II. 371 If our manufactures are too dear they will not vend abroad.

1795 H. Ware Continuance Peace & Increasing Prosperity 29 At a time when the convulsions of Europe oblige so many to quit their native countries and seek a secure and peaceful retreat abroad.

1825 N.-Y. Rev. July 110 From Provence, the spirit of poetical emulation went abroad into other countries.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 246 He had passed several years in diplomatic posts abroad.

1873 A. Trollope Eustace Diamonds II. xxxi. 57 I shall let the place, and go and live abroad somewhere.

1923 E. Sidgwick Restoration i. 16 Henry was abroad; he had meant to go abroad, and he had gone abroader than anybody less happily-guided than himself had ever dreamed of.

1955 Times 7 July 7/5 This [description] has been circulated through the international police organization..since it is thought likely that the man may have gone abroad.

1997 Big Issue 2 June 8/2 Whereas MI5 is concerned with Britain's internal security,..[MI6] deals with intelligence gathering abroad.

2007 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Apr. 185/2 English comestibles, the sort of thing that Englishmen abroad are supposed to yearn for.

b. from abroad: †from far away, from outside (obsolete); from another country, from overseas.

ΚΠ

1560 Bible (Geneva) Judges xii. 9 [He] had thirtie sonnes and thirtie daughters, which he sent out, and toke in thirtie daughters from abroad for his sonnes.

1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 503 He commeth from abroad so furious..and so be deuiled, that none maye abide him.

1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Saxon Treat. Old & New Test. To Rdr. p. xiii Hee would neuer haue borrowed so many words from abroad, hauing enough and better at home, except it were to please the Prince and Nobles.

1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 101 Any floor level with the ground receives more dirt from abroad.

1713 R. Steele Englishman No. 2. 12 A false Appearance of Wealth within, but no Accretion of Riches from abroad.

1780 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. (1789) xii. 159 The weak would..be oppressed and injured in all manner of ways, by the strong at home, and both together overwhelmed by oppressors from abroad.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 317 At the close of the reign of Charles the Second, great part of the iron which was used in the country was imported from abroad.

1892 Photogr. Ann. II. 635 Visitors from abroad..are always welcome.

1949 Sun (Baltimore) 26 Aug. 10/3 Whenever travelers enter Baltimore from abroad by ship or air, they are given the onceover by Cap'n Jenks.

1994 Pacific Affairs 67 386 Much of Korea's industrial technology has been acquired from abroad, even in recent years.

5. colloquial. Confused, bewildered, perplexed, at a loss; in error; wide of the mark or the truth. Originally and frequently in all abroad (cf. all over the place at place n.¹ Phrases 2e). Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > lack of truth, falsity > [adverb] > in a wrong way, amiss

on missc1225

overthwarta1382

a-crookc1500

awrya1513

wide?1529

astray1535

across1559

bias1600

outa1641

beside the bridge1652

on the wrong side of the post1728

abroad1806

off1843

way off1882

off beam1941

up the boohai?1946

1739 J. Thomson Edward & Eleonora v. ii. 54 He must be manag'd softly; for his Passions Are all abroad, in wild Confusion hurl'd.]

1770 C. Jenner Placid Man II. vii. 63 ‘Why here then,’ cried the old gentleman, ‘I am all abroad again.’

1780 F. Pilon Humours of Election 31 Why, you dog, you're all abroad, you are in Nova Scotia, from the point.

1785 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad. 1784 28 The instant you do [lose sight of nature], you are all abroad at the mercy of every gust of fashion, without knowing or seeing the point to which you ought to steer.

1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. i. 5 Unless I am quite abroad still; and if so, I will humbly wait, while you..clarify my understanding.

1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby vi. 41 I'm only a little abroad, that's all.

1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) v. 37 At the twelfth round the latter champion was all abroad, as the saying is, and had lost all presence of mind.

1897 Times 26 Mar. 11/2 The crew..had..been steady on the whole, bow, however, being rather abroad just at the finish.

1912 Chicago Defender 27 Apr. 7/3 Jim was the one who was all abroad, and McVea gave him some terrible punches before the gong went.

B. prep.

Over, across; throughout, in or to all parts of. Now rare (archaic and poetic in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > [preposition] > throughout (of spatial extension)

alongeOE

throughoutc1275

abroadc1425

c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 6388 (MED) Besagus flen a-brood þe felde.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxxxv. 330 So then the prince's host spred abrode that countre.

1595 B. Chappell Garden of Prudence sig. B^v Thy Deere which raunge thy forrest wilde,..And such as rome abroad the field.

1653 R. Baxter Right Method Settled Peace 51 [They] will proclaim abroad the world that our Ministers are Legalists.

1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ (ed. 3) i. vi. §5. 99 And walk abroad the world.

1696 J. Cockburn Jacob's Vow ii. iv. 463 Let Men look abroad the World..and they shall find it generally true that the Children of the Good and Merciful have mett with singular Providences.

1824 Robertson's Dict. Lat. Phrases (new ed.) 399/2 In the mean time, by so great an outcry, the Fame, or report, was spread abroad the whole city.

a1886 E. Dickinson Poems (1955) II. 582 'Tis first He steps upon the Vane..And then abroad the World He go To do His Golden Will.

1918 W. de la Mare Motley 34 Sound the loud hooves, and all abroad the sky The lusty charioteers their stations take.

1987 Response 15 18 So that together we shall make ourselves one people, lest we scatter abroad the face of the earth and be one no more.

C. n.

The world outside one's own country; foreign or overseas countries.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [noun] > foreign land > foreign parts

foreigna1640

overseas1793

abroad1866

1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt III. Epil. 281 He was understood to have gone to reside at a great distance: some said ‘abroad’, that large home of ruined reputations.

1894 Westm. Gaz. 9 July 1/3 A considerable fraction will have ‘gone abroad’, especially to those parishes of Abroad called Norway and Switzerland.

1895 K. Grahame Golden Age 98 She was somewhere over in that beastly abroad.

1925 R. Macaulay Casual Comm. 138 Restaurants and hotels are getting fuller. Abroad is getting fuller.

1945 N. Mitford Pursuit of Love xv. 114 ‘Frogs’, he would say, ‘are slightly better than Huns or Wops, but abroad is unutterably bloody and foreigners are fiends.’

1993 Europe–Asia Stud. 45 994 The lack of a clear policy concept in the Kremlin concerning the ‘near abroad’ in general.

2000 N. Henderson Old Friends & Mod. Instances (2001) xvii. 186 He likes abroad and he loves foreign travel.

Compounds

Brewing. attributive, in abroad clerk, abroad cooper: designating a brewery employee who visits publicans' premises to collect payments, oversee the way beer is kept, etc. Now rare (chiefly historical).

ΚΠ

1781 H. L. Thrale Diary 1 Feb. in Thraliana (1942) I. 483 The first Felicity..that I was saluted with on my Arrival, was an Account of Lancaster our favourite Abroad-Clerk running away with Two Thousand Pounds.

1787 Daily Universal Reg. 19 Apr. 4/3 (advt.) A Person who has served his time to the brewery will be happy to be employed as a Clerk, either in the counting-house, store-house, or an abroad Clerk, having been employed in all those situations.

1807 J. Middleton View Agric. Middlesex (ed. 2) xv. 581 The brewer, by his abroad-cooper, is at the charge of finings and labour to preserve the porter in a saleable condition.

1851 Times 28 Feb. 10/1 (advt.) Wanted,..a situation as Cashier, Collector, Abroad Cooper, or Store-house Clerk, in one of the large breweries.

1959 P. Mathias Brewing Industry in Eng., 1700–1830 ii. 31 (note) In Truman Hanbury Buxton the district managers are still called ‘abroad-clerks’ after their eighteenth-century forebears who supervised the monthly collections from publicans; at Whitbreads there are still ‘abroad coopers’.

2006 A. Mutch Strategic & Organizational Change vi. 100 The ‘abroad cooper’ was sent out from the brewery to check on how beer was being kept.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	abroad
释义	abroadadj. Brit. /əˈbrɔːd/, U.S. /əˈbrɔd/, /əˈbrɑd/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: abroad adv. Etymology: < abroad adv. rare before 19th cent. That is or takes place abroad (in various senses); of or relating to the world outside or away from one's home; (in later use esp.) of or situated in another country, overseas; relating to or dealing with overseas matters. ΚΠ ?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) xvi. 551 Then to the queen was come The Wooers' plot, to kill her son at home, Since their abroad design had miss'd success. 1828 J. Banim Anglo-Irish I. x. 215 One does get such things, and..learn such things, in those abroad-places. 1860 Dublin Univ. Mag. Dec. 707/2 Abroad marriage is an emancipation for a girl. She who has been tied to her mother's or chaperon's side for years, can then flap her wings. 1903 Daily Chron. 31 Oct. 3/1 He never even wrote to them, but went on stopping in abroad places like South America. 1939 A. Thirkell Before Lunch vii. 190 I never can think why when people say abroad they mean France as a rule, and yet most other places are much abroader than France. 1969 Musical Times 110 631/2 A handful of big international names and quite a sprinkling of utterly trivial ones, useless to the home reader (or the abroad one for that matter). 1987 Rev. in Amer. Hist. 15 253 If they [sc. slave women] were involved in an ‘abroad’ marriage (a marriage on another plantation), the man usually visited the wife. 2007 South Bend (Indiana) Tribune (Nexis) 25 Apr. b3 While dean, he inaugurated a popular abroad program in which second-year law students studied in London for a year. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). abroadadv.prep.n. Brit. /əˈbrɔːd/, U.S. /əˈbrɔd/, /əˈbrɑd/ Forms: α. Middle English (northern) 1600s abrade, Middle English–1600s abrod, Middle English–1600s abrode, Middle English–1600s abrood, 1500s–1600s abroade, 1500s– abroad, 1800s abroard (English regional (Cornwall)), 1800s– abrawd (English regional (Cornwall)); Scottish pre-1700 abrade, pre-1700 abrod, pre-1700 abrode, pre-1700 1700s– abroad, 1800s– abraid. β. Middle English obrade (northern), Middle English obrode. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: a prep.¹, broad n.¹ Etymology: < a prep.¹ + broad n.¹ (see discussion at that entry). Compare abreid adv. and in brode at broad n.¹ 1.With the β. forms compare on- prefix. The phrasal construction on brode is also occasionally attested in Middle English. A comparative form abroader is occasionally attested (compare quot. 1923 at sense A. 4a). A. adv. 1. a. Over a broad or wide area; widely, broadly; †so as to be fully open or outspread (obsolete). In later use more commonly with reference to non-physical things, as news, information, etc. Frequently in later use to spread abroad. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > largeness > [adverb] > with vast extent abroadc1300 largelya1398 widely1579 spaciously1598 broadly1599 amply?1611 heaven-wide?1611 spacious1615 extensively1736 extendedly1806 worldwide1836 vastily1844 amplitudinously1921 c1300 St. Brendan (Laud) 485 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 233 (MED) Þe se was brenninde al-abrod, ase þei heo were afuyre. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 11228 (MED) Hii caste awei þe dosils, þat win orn abrod so. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. 6891 (MED) Hire kertell and hire mantel eke Abrod upon his bed he spredde. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 2587 (MED) Þe pecock..with his feþeris schene Splayed abrod as a large sail. c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1904) I. 106 (MED) He bad hym hald obrade his skyrte. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) lxxxv. 115 Plente of sylke, and clothe of gold was there abrode. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) lxv. sig. Pv^v Riche aparayle of emerines lay abrode in euery wyndowe. 1582 S. Batman Vppon Bartholome, De Proprietatibus Rerum xv. f. 252/2 The Ilande stretcheth farre abroad. 1611 Bible (King James) Rom. v. 5 The loue of God is shed abroad in our hearts. View more context for this quotation 1643 W. Burton tr. J. H. Alsted Beloved City 77 From that time the light of the Gospel hath been spread abroad far and wide, and Satan bound up more and more. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Baucis & Philemon in Fables 157 Baucis..rakes the Load Of Ashes from the Hearth, and spreads abroad The living Coals. 1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ix. 81 Pour it on it, and spread it abroad with a Rolling-pin. 1839 T. Carlyle Chartism iii. 20 Would to Heaven one could preach it abroad into the hearts of all sons and daughters of Adam. 1869 ‘M. Twain’ Innocents Abroad v. 51 This hood..stands up high, and spreads far abroad, and is unfathomably deep. 1955 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 68 179 He thought about the glory he got by spreading the news abroad in the market place. 1992 G. S. Thomas Ornamental Shrubs, Climbers & Bamboos 153 It..usually flowers a few weeks later, the tiny flowers being borne freely among the leaves and wafting fragrance abroad. b. With the fragments or parts widely scattered; in many separate places; widely asunder. Frequently in to cast (also scatter, throw, etc.) abroad. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being scattered or dispersed > [adverb] abroadc1300 sunderly1541 dispersedly1561 scatteringly1570 sparsedly1570 strewingly1578 scatteredly1612 c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 2390 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 175 (MED) Wit is hondene he todrouȝ..his flesch atþe laste, pece and oþur al abrod, a-wei fram him he caste. c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) l. 9791 (MED) Þe brain orn al abrod in þe pauiment. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xii. 30 He that gadrith nat to gidre with me, scatrith abrood. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 2862 (MED) Þanne schulde he [sc. the plowman] neuer, in vale nor in pleyn..þrowe abrod his greyne. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) l. 1883 (MED) Þe wynde fast blawe, Þe thak brennand it blew o brade. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Neh. i. 8 Yf ye transgresse, then wil I scater you abrode amonge the nacions. 1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xiii. i. 259 They [sc. houses] stand scattered abroad, each one dwelling in the midst of his owne occupieng. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus iv. i. 104 The angry northen wind Will blow these sands like Sibels leaues abroad. 1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) ii. xviii. 260 The nature of this plant is such that if you touch but the cods when the seed is ripe, though you do it neuer so gently, yet will the seeds fly all abroad with violence. 1696 T. Brookhouse Temple Opened 58 The Extrusion of the Poor Reffugies was only an Act of Secretion By Him who has his Fan in his hand, who..dispersed them abroad, not for their Ruine but their Safety. 1759 A. Smith Theory Moral Sentiments ii. §ii. iii. 189 The different members..are..dissipated and scattered abroad by the violence and opposition of their discordant affections. 1778 R. Lowth Isaiah xxviii. 25 Doth not he then scatter the dill, and cast abroad the cummin? 1863 W. Barnes Gram. & Gloss. Dorset Dial. 61 On the following morning the..cocks are thrown abroad in passels. 1871 B. Taylor tr. J. W. von Goethe Faust I. x. 155 Then a chance will come, a holiday, When, piece by piece, can one the things abroad display. 1897 H. G. Wells Invisible Man vii. 64 Then came Panic, and scattered them abroad through the village as a gust scatters dead leaves. 1937 H. S. Bennett Life on Eng. Manor iv. 80 This box was called a seed-lip, or hopper, and from it the sower took seed and scattered it abroad with a rhythmic movement of the body. 1974 L. Thorpe tr. Gregory of Tours Hist. of Franks v. 261 The man's relations..cut Silvester's son to pieces and scattered the fragments abroad. 1988 J. J. Graham & J. Tait Shetland Folk Bk. VIII. 44 Daddy takes his straen kishie over his shoulder and throws abroad the clean oat seed. c. Widely apart; with the component parts spread out; (of the limbs) outstretched. Frequently in to spread (also stretch, throw, etc.) abroad. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > [adverb] > spread apart abroadc1300 o brodea1400 abreid?a1425 c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 2039 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 165 (MED) His felawes euerechone heore Armes a-brod caste. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1869) II. 179 (MED) And he strecche out his armes and hondes abrood. a1425 Lay Folks' Mass Bk. (Cambr.) (1904) l. 239 (MED) Þe prest..wyll sprede his armes obrade [c1450 Newnh. abrade]. a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 1082 The lyoun was hungry..Abrod [c1450 BL Add. one brede] he spredde alle hys powes. a1540 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 357/2 Pope Gelasius..appointed that the Priestes should say the Secretes, the Cannon, and the Prefaces with their armes stretched abroad. 1597 J. Gerard Herball i. 50 But the leaues be more spred abroad. 1627 F. Bacon New Atlantis 6 At his coming he did bend to us a little, and put his arms abroad. 1672 J. Davies Anc. Rites Durham 17 A goodly fine Lantern, or Letteron, of Brass..with a great Pelican on the height of it, finely gilt..her wings spread abroad, whereon did lye the Book. 1696 J. Pechey Gen. Treat. Dis. Maids xxi. 126 Being in this posture she must spread her Thighs abroad, folding her Legs a little towards her Buttocks. 1700 J. Dryden tr. Ovid Ceyx & Alcyone in Fables 372 Where lay the God And slept supine, his Limbs display'd abroad. 1781 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad. 24 The locks of the hair are flying abroad in all directions. 1825 J. Neal Brother Jonathan I. iv. 84 There was Edith..; her arms abroad—one sleeve pushed up to the shoulder. 1847 H. W. Longfellow Evangeline i. v. 116 Stretched abroad on the seashore motionless lay his form. 1887 A. Conan Doyle in Beeton's Christmas Ann. 19 His hands were clenched and his arms thrown abroad, while his lower limbs were interlocked. 1912 S. E. White Land of Footprints xv. 190 Before them writhed Sulimani, close to earth, darting irregularly now to right, now to left, wriggling, spreading his arms abroad. 1935 M. Rukeyser Theory of Flight in Coll. Poems (1978) 6 The nights are restless with these dreams of ours in which we cry, fling our arms abroad. d. Nautical. Of sails: spread. Of colours, etc.: unfurled, flying. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > standard > [adjective] > of colours (flags) abroad1573 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [adjective] > spread (of sails) abroad1573 save-all1794 1573 G. Gascoigne Hundreth Sundrie Flowres 402 We set Our sayles abrode to slice the Salt sea fome. 1667 London Gaz. cxxxvi/1 The Dragon Fregat appearing with Dutch Colours abroad, the Captain..remanded his Men. 1705 Boston News-let. 26 Mar. 2/2 A French sloop with French Colours abroad. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine sig. I3^v Mouiller à la voile, to let go the anchor whilst the sails are yet abroad. 1790 R. Beatson Naval & Mil. Mem. I. 187 The Admiral made the signal..for those who were to lead, to do so with the starboard tacks abroad by a wind. 1827 J. F. Cooper Red Rover I. xvi. 263 Few square-rigged boats are there, who do not wear the pennants of the King, that can..bring her into their wake, with studding-sails abroad. 1894 B. Carman & R. Hovey Songs from Vagabondia 23 His flimsy sails abroad on the wind Are shivered with fairy thunder. 1970 P. O'Brian Master & Commander (new ed.) xi. 313 The Indomptable was coming up fast, all sails abroad, sweeping along with the freshening breeze. 2006 J. Stockwin Command iv. 94 The xebec had its sails abroad now: the two larger forward ones a-goosewing. e. Apart, in pieces. Now rare (chiefly English regional (south-western) in later use). ΚΠ 1654 G. Goddard in T. Burton Diary (1828) (modernized text) I. Introd. p. lxxix The Parliament had already taken the Government abroad, (in pieces was meant,) and had altered and changed it. 1755 Philos. Trans. 1754 (Royal Soc.) 48 838 Strong spirit of vitriol is poured on the reguline mass, which it tears abroad, and lets loose the phlogiston. 1775 G. Cartwright Jrnl. (1792) II. 77 The mast..heeling to the other [side], I expected she would have fallen abroad. 1808 Monthly Mag. 2 421 I'll tear it abroad. a1834 S. T. Coleridge Specimens of Table Talk (1835) II. 321 The mere spiritual Church..would fall abroad into a multitude of enthusiastic sects, as in England in the seventeenth century. 1885 E. C. Sharland Ways & Means in Devonshire Village 54 Jelly so stiff that if you were to throw it over the house 'twouldn't fall abroad. 1935 H. Williamson Devon Holiday 161 It was doubtful which would go first—the stock ‘falling abroad’ in its tunnelled brittleness, or the barrels bursting from frail old-age. 1947 E. Partridge Usage & Abusage 12/2 Abroad is sometimes misused adjectivally for apart. ‘Please, 'm,’ said the maid after a breakage, ‘it came abroad in me 'and.’ 1975 J. Pocius Textile Trad. Avalon Peninsula 15 Picking the wool involved taking a small clump of wool into the hand, and pulling it apart, or ‘abroad’, with the fingers using a teasing action. 2. In public, so as to be widely known, believed, used, etc.; openly, publicly; (so as to be) in general circulation; at large.In quot. 1550 with verb of motion understood. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the present (time) > [adverb] > current in the outside world abroadc1300 c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 1764 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 157 Þe lettres..to Engelond he sende, to don þe sentence al a-brod. a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) l. 605 (MED) Hi dude [a1425 Tanner 17 schewid] hare clannesse al a-brod, & tolde men al þat soþ. c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. 953 (MED) Þis was þe speche..In euery strete..Somme rovnyng & somme spak a-brood. c1450 (c1405) Mum & Sothsegger (BL Add. 41666) (1936) l. 1575 (MED) This..custume..bringeth a bitter byworde a-brode among þe peuple. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 98 For I wot not whether I may speke thys a brode. 1550 T. Lever Fruitfull Serm. in Shroudes sig. B.iiii^v Their riches muste abrode in the countrey to biefermes [sic]. 1570 T. Bette Agaynst Rebellious & False Rumours (single sheet) Some of his neighbors doth inquire, What newes abrode there is. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost i. i. 186 Ther's villanie abrod, this letter will tell you more. View more context for this quotation 1641 J. Milton Animadversions 7 What defaming invectives have lately flown abroad against the Subjects of Scotland. 1697 G. Stanhope tr. P. Charron Of Wisdom I. i. 397 Being very well satisfy'd, how many Cheats there are abroad in the World. 1739 D. Bellamy Perjur'd Devotee iii. 41 in Misc. in Prose & Verse I. Sir To. Well Plotwell , what News abroad, hah? Plotw. I hear none, Sir, not I. Sir To. None at all, sayst thou? nothing stirring? 1775 E. Burke Speech Amer. Taxation 29 There is also another circulation abroad, (spread with a malignant intention..). a1817 J. Austen Persuasion (1818) III. iii. 38 It will not greatly surprise me if, with all our caution, some rumour of the truth should get abroad . View more context for this quotation 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 365 He was perfectly aware of the suspicions which were abroad. a1894 R. L. Stevenson In South Seas (1896) ii. iv. 193 No life was abroad, nor sound of life. 1939 H. M. Miner St. Denis vii. 136 The devil, in various forms, and loup-garous were abroad in the land and were a considerable problem. 1969 G. Greene Coll. Ess. III. i. 262 In 1679 he confided to his diary—he would not have been rash enough to have told it abroad—the story of Oates and Bedlow. 1994 E. McNamee Resurrection Man (1998) xviii. 175 There was the distorted, uneasy silence of a horror film. Something was abroad that she didn't like. 3. a. Out of one's house or abode; outdoors; in the open; away from home. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > [adverb] > out of doors outOE without doorc1275 thereoutc1325 abroad?c1335 out at door (also doors)c1386 out of doors1530 thereforthc1540 forth adoors1607 forth of door(s1607 without doors1617 al fresco1717 outdoorsa1729 out-by1753 ?c1335 in W. Heuser Kildare-Gedichte (1904) 123 (MED) Apan is muk he sit abrode, He þat þus doþ mid is gode. c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. ii. 176 (MED) To bere bischopes aboute abrode in visytynge. 1460 Let. in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1922) 37 545 (MED) My lady Vervyk comys botte lytell a brode, bot kepys her allway yn the Castell. a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iii. ii. sig. D.iij^v I bid him keepe him warme at home For if he come abroade, he shall cough me a mome. c1576 T. Whythorne Autobiogr. (1961) 25 Such good huzwẏvz as shee waz, wilbe A brod evry morning..befor þeir huzbandz hạv any lyst to rẏz. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 i. ii. 96 I am glad to see your lordship abroade, I heard say your lordship was sicke, I hope your lordship goes abroade by aduise. 1619 J. Fletcher Demetrius & Enanthe ii. i Come, let's abroad. 1663 S. Pepys Diary 25 Jan. (1971) IV. 25 A late dispute between my Lord Chesterfield..and Mr. Edward Mountagu..who should have the precedence in taking the Queens upper hand abroad out of the house. 1685 G. Sinclair Satan's Invisible World xix. 133 He took a cloak that hung in the Shop, put it on, and walked abroad, but minding no body in the Streets, entered into some of the Citizens houses. 1727 E. Young Universal Passion: Satire V 11 Tho' sick to death, abroad they safely roam. 1782 W. Cowper John Gilpin 251 And, when he next doth ride abroad, May I be there to see! 1841 G. Borrow Zincali I. ii. iv. 296 He found me not, as I was abroad dining with a friend. 1863 L. M. Alcott Hosp. Sketches v. 77 The women who took their walks abroad, were so extinguished in three story bonnets..that their charms were obscured. 1894 A. Hope Prisoner of Zenda xvi I marked the effect on the garrison of Zenda: they ceased to be seen abroad. 1913 Sat. Evening Post (Philadelphia) 22 Feb. 65/1 When my campaign was on..I took my accustomed walks abroad in Cincinnati. Naturally I met many people. 1950 A. Huxley Let. 6 Aug. (1969) 628 In the plain you and the child can walk abroad without having to take the car. 1996 F. McCourt Angela's Ashes (1997) xiv. 359 Mammy, Mammy, wait till I tell you about Frankie McCourt abroad in the backyard in his dead grandmother's dress. b. With verb of motion understood. Cf. let v.¹ 14c, must v.¹ 3a(b). Now archaic and rare. ΚΠ 1609 B. Jonson Case is Alterd ii. i. sig. C3 Rachel I must abroad. Lock thy selfe in, but yet take out the key. a1625 J. Fletcher Humorous Lieut. ii. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Qqq3/2 Come, let's abroad, and beat our brains. 1702 G. Farquhar Inconstant 65 This house is so full of Stratagem and Design, that I must abroad again. 1778 H. Brooke Little John & Giants ii. i. 22 In-sooth, I must abroad to seek my fortune. 1826 J. G. Percival Poem delivered Sept. 13, 1825 22 Let us abroad, And mid the graceful garniture of fields Take our delighted way. 1919 H. Buck Tempering (new ed.) i. 13 Damn it, I say, but I must abroad! Out in the night to wander, wander. 4. a. Originally: †far away from home, far off (obsolete). In later use: out of one's own country; in or into foreign lands; overseas.This use is sometimes regarded as chiefly British, but it is increasingly recorded in other varieties of English. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [adverb] > in or to foreign land(s) beyond the seasc900 without1297 o brodea1400 on brodea1400 abroada1450 overseas1583 oversea1616 in foreigna1640 foreign1813 over sea1845 exterritorially1853 out foreign1895 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [adjective] > foreign (of country or place) or situated abroad althedyOE strange1297 foreigna1393 outward1427 extern1543 abroad1559 external1587 stranger1593 tramontane1596 oversea1645 transmontane1727 trans-oceanic1827 overseas1892 a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xxxvii. 679 (MED) Estward..lokeden they there Ful fer Abrod Into the Se. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. f. cliiii Than these men of warre departed and went abrode into the countrey of Quercy and Rouergue to refresshe them and to lye more at theyr ease. 1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Salisbury xv. 7 The one at home, the other abrode in Fraunce. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxvi. 461 When they conueyed Inhabiters abroade to people other Countries. a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) v. xi. 32 Calling home our exil'd Friends abroad . View more context for this quotation 1642 L. Anderton Eng. Nunne sig. E^v Iesus gaue authority to his Apostles to goe abroad into seuerall Countryes to preach the Gospell. 1685 R. Morden Geogr. Rectified Ep. Ded. 1 Your..Affairs abroad have..given you a better knowledge and experience of Foreign Parts. 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 5 I resolv'd not to think of going abroad any more, but to settle at home. 1768 B. Franklin Ess. in Wks. (1840) II. 371 If our manufactures are too dear they will not vend abroad. 1795 H. Ware Continuance Peace & Increasing Prosperity 29 At a time when the convulsions of Europe oblige so many to quit their native countries and seek a secure and peaceful retreat abroad. 1825 N.-Y. Rev. July 110 From Provence, the spirit of poetical emulation went abroad into other countries. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 246 He had passed several years in diplomatic posts abroad. 1873 A. Trollope Eustace Diamonds II. xxxi. 57 I shall let the place, and go and live abroad somewhere. 1923 E. Sidgwick Restoration i. 16 Henry was abroad; he had meant to go abroad, and he had gone abroader than anybody less happily-guided than himself had ever dreamed of. 1955 Times 7 July 7/5 This [description] has been circulated through the international police organization..since it is thought likely that the man may have gone abroad. 1997 Big Issue 2 June 8/2 Whereas MI5 is concerned with Britain's internal security,..[MI6] deals with intelligence gathering abroad. 2007 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Apr. 185/2 English comestibles, the sort of thing that Englishmen abroad are supposed to yearn for. b. from abroad: †from far away, from outside (obsolete); from another country, from overseas. ΚΠ 1560 Bible (Geneva) Judges xii. 9 [He] had thirtie sonnes and thirtie daughters, which he sent out, and toke in thirtie daughters from abroad for his sonnes. 1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 503 He commeth from abroad so furious..and so be deuiled, that none maye abide him. 1623 W. Lisle in tr. Ælfric Saxon Treat. Old & New Test. To Rdr. p. xiii Hee would neuer haue borrowed so many words from abroad, hauing enough and better at home, except it were to please the Prince and Nobles. 1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 101 Any floor level with the ground receives more dirt from abroad. 1713 R. Steele Englishman No. 2. 12 A false Appearance of Wealth within, but no Accretion of Riches from abroad. 1780 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. (1789) xii. 159 The weak would..be oppressed and injured in all manner of ways, by the strong at home, and both together overwhelmed by oppressors from abroad. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 317 At the close of the reign of Charles the Second, great part of the iron which was used in the country was imported from abroad. 1892 Photogr. Ann. II. 635 Visitors from abroad..are always welcome. 1949 Sun (Baltimore) 26 Aug. 10/3 Whenever travelers enter Baltimore from abroad by ship or air, they are given the onceover by Cap'n Jenks. 1994 Pacific Affairs 67 386 Much of Korea's industrial technology has been acquired from abroad, even in recent years. 5. colloquial. Confused, bewildered, perplexed, at a loss; in error; wide of the mark or the truth. Originally and frequently in all abroad (cf. all over the place at place n.¹ Phrases 2e). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > lack of truth, falsity > [adverb] > in a wrong way, amiss on missc1225 overthwarta1382 a-crookc1500 awrya1513 wide?1529 astray1535 across1559 bias1600 outa1641 beside the bridge1652 on the wrong side of the post1728 abroad1806 off1843 way off1882 off beam1941 up the boohai?1946 1739 J. Thomson Edward & Eleonora v. ii. 54 He must be manag'd softly; for his Passions Are all abroad, in wild Confusion hurl'd.] 1770 C. Jenner Placid Man II. vii. 63 ‘Why here then,’ cried the old gentleman, ‘I am all abroad again.’ 1780 F. Pilon Humours of Election 31 Why, you dog, you're all abroad, you are in Nova Scotia, from the point. 1785 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad. 1784 28 The instant you do [lose sight of nature], you are all abroad at the mercy of every gust of fashion, without knowing or seeing the point to which you ought to steer. 1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. i. 5 Unless I am quite abroad still; and if so, I will humbly wait, while you..clarify my understanding. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby vi. 41 I'm only a little abroad, that's all. 1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) v. 37 At the twelfth round the latter champion was all abroad, as the saying is, and had lost all presence of mind. 1897 Times 26 Mar. 11/2 The crew..had..been steady on the whole, bow, however, being rather abroad just at the finish. 1912 Chicago Defender 27 Apr. 7/3 Jim was the one who was all abroad, and McVea gave him some terrible punches before the gong went. B. prep. Over, across; throughout, in or to all parts of. Now rare (archaic and poetic in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > [preposition] > throughout (of spatial extension) alongeOE throughoutc1275 abroadc1425 c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 6388 (MED) Besagus flen a-brood þe felde. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxxxv. 330 So then the prince's host spred abrode that countre. 1595 B. Chappell Garden of Prudence sig. B^v Thy Deere which raunge thy forrest wilde,..And such as rome abroad the field. 1653 R. Baxter Right Method Settled Peace 51 [They] will proclaim abroad the world that our Ministers are Legalists. 1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ (ed. 3) i. vi. §5. 99 And walk abroad the world. 1696 J. Cockburn Jacob's Vow ii. iv. 463 Let Men look abroad the World..and they shall find it generally true that the Children of the Good and Merciful have mett with singular Providences. 1824 Robertson's Dict. Lat. Phrases (new ed.) 399/2 In the mean time, by so great an outcry, the Fame, or report, was spread abroad the whole city. a1886 E. Dickinson Poems (1955) II. 582 'Tis first He steps upon the Vane..And then abroad the World He go To do His Golden Will. 1918 W. de la Mare Motley 34 Sound the loud hooves, and all abroad the sky The lusty charioteers their stations take. 1987 Response 15 18 So that together we shall make ourselves one people, lest we scatter abroad the face of the earth and be one no more. C. n. The world outside one's own country; foreign or overseas countries. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > [noun] > foreign land > foreign parts foreigna1640 overseas1793 abroad1866 1866 ‘G. Eliot’ Felix Holt III. Epil. 281 He was understood to have gone to reside at a great distance: some said ‘abroad’, that large home of ruined reputations. 1894 Westm. Gaz. 9 July 1/3 A considerable fraction will have ‘gone abroad’, especially to those parishes of Abroad called Norway and Switzerland. 1895 K. Grahame Golden Age 98 She was somewhere over in that beastly abroad. 1925 R. Macaulay Casual Comm. 138 Restaurants and hotels are getting fuller. Abroad is getting fuller. 1945 N. Mitford Pursuit of Love xv. 114 ‘Frogs’, he would say, ‘are slightly better than Huns or Wops, but abroad is unutterably bloody and foreigners are fiends.’ 1993 Europe–Asia Stud. 45 994 The lack of a clear policy concept in the Kremlin concerning the ‘near abroad’ in general. 2000 N. Henderson Old Friends & Mod. Instances (2001) xvii. 186 He likes abroad and he loves foreign travel. Compounds Brewing. attributive, in abroad clerk, abroad cooper: designating a brewery employee who visits publicans' premises to collect payments, oversee the way beer is kept, etc. Now rare (chiefly historical). ΚΠ 1781 H. L. Thrale Diary 1 Feb. in Thraliana (1942) I. 483 The first Felicity..that I was saluted with on my Arrival, was an Account of Lancaster our favourite Abroad-Clerk running away with Two Thousand Pounds. 1787 Daily Universal Reg. 19 Apr. 4/3 (advt.) A Person who has served his time to the brewery will be happy to be employed as a Clerk, either in the counting-house, store-house, or an abroad Clerk, having been employed in all those situations. 1807 J. Middleton View Agric. Middlesex (ed. 2) xv. 581 The brewer, by his abroad-cooper, is at the charge of finings and labour to preserve the porter in a saleable condition. 1851 Times 28 Feb. 10/1 (advt.) Wanted,..a situation as Cashier, Collector, Abroad Cooper, or Store-house Clerk, in one of the large breweries. 1959 P. Mathias Brewing Industry in Eng., 1700–1830 ii. 31 (note) In Truman Hanbury Buxton the district managers are still called ‘abroad-clerks’ after their eighteenth-century forebears who supervised the monthly collections from publicans; at Whitbreads there are still ‘abroad coopers’. 2006 A. Mutch Strategic & Organizational Change vi. 100 The ‘abroad cooper’ was sent out from the brewery to check on how beer was being kept. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.?1615adv.prep.n.c1300
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abroadadj.

abroadadv.prep.n.

Compounds