ironicaladj.

Brit.

/ʌɪˈrɒnᵻkl/, U.S.

/aɪˈrɑnəkəl/

Forms: 1500s eironical, 1500s eironicall, 1500s–1600s ironicall, 1500s– ironical.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin ironicus , -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin ironicus ironic adj. + -al suffix¹. Compare slightly earlier ironically adv. and also ironious adj., and later ironic adj.

1. Of language, style, manner of expression, etc.: of the nature of, containing, or characterized by irony (irony n. 1a); = ironic adj. 1a.ironic is now the more common term.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > caustic or ironic ridicule > [adjective]

satiric1509

satirien1509

satiricala1529

ironical1536

dry1542

Lucianical1561

satirial1579

sardonian1586

ironized1596

sarcasmical1602

ironic1614

Sardinian?1615

sardoin1633

sardonic1638

sarcastical1641

sardan1649

sarcasmous1663

sarcastic1695

witty1700

sarcasmatical1716

caustic1771

nippit1808

Lucianic1820

sardonican1837

quippy1859

sardonical1859

quipsome1881

sarky1912

Lucianesque1969

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > wit, wittiness > wit with words > irony > [adjective]

ironical1536

ironized1596

ironic1614

wry1928

tongue-in-cheek1933

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of meaning > [adjective] > ironic

ironious1534

ironical1536

ironized1596

ironic1614

southpaw1957

1536 R. Taverner tr. P. Melanchthon Confessyon Fayth Germaynes sig. F.viij There be some also which do interprete it [sc. Luke xi. 41] to be an Ironicall locution.

1576 A. Fleming Panoplie Epist. 237 (margin) He was (belike) some Pomilio or litle dwarfe, and that made him to use this eironical method.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 665 Another kinde there seemes to be of ironicall praise, opposite unto the former; namely, when semblant is made of blame and reproofe.

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy Democritus to Rdr. 21 Democritus..was so far caried with this Ironicall passion, that the cittizens of Abdera tooke him to be mad.

1706 tr. J. B. Morvan de Bellegarde Refl. upon Ridicule 230 They praise themselves..and drink like Nectar, the ironical Encomiums that are made them.

1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. xiii. 360 ‘Your reasons are indeed such as cannot be doubted,’ replied the lady, with an ironical smile.

1800 Evening Mail 10 Feb. 1/2 There was no expedition whose object and destination were so long known and publicly talked of, till at length Secret Expedition became an ironical term.

1854 T. B. Macaulay Atterbury in Encycl. Brit. IV. 188/1 Boyle..paid, in his preface, a bitterly ironical compliment to Bentley's courtesy.

1903 ‘T. Collins’ Such is Life iii. 126 Vainly ransacking my mind for some expression of thanks that wouldn't sound ironical.

1955 O. Manning Doves of Venus i. vi. 61 ‘No, I like them.’ ‘Ah!’ Quintin bowed in ironical deference to her opinion.

1998 K. McLeish Aristotle 16 Mimesis requires that all art is ironical.

2000 M. Gayle Turning Thirty lxiv. 233 It was the first [relationship] he'd ever had in which both parties referred to each other as my boy/girlfriend without the use of two-fingered ironical quotation marks.

a. Of a person: using or given to irony; = ironic adj. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > caustic or ironic ridicule > [adjective] > disposed to

ironical1582

satirical1589

satiric1596

ironic1674

the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > wit, wittiness > wit with words > irony > [adjective] > addicted to irony

ironical1582

ironic1614

society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of meaning > [adjective] > ironic > using irony

ironical1582

1582 R. Browne Treat. 23 Matt. in R. Harrison & R. Browne Writings (1953) 183 You doe Trope me, or you are Eironicall towardes me.

1589 T. Nashe To Students in R. Greene Menaphon Epist. sig. **^v Some deepe read Grammarians, who..take vpon them to be the ironicall censors of all.

1747 Scots Mag. Feb. 72/2 Biddy is a simple innocent, and mighty simple indeed, says the ironical chamber-maid.

1781 S. Johnson Swift in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets VIII. 99 He apparently flattered his own arrogance by an assumed predomination, in which he was ironical only to the resentful.

1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years I. 337 Ostrowski was dignified, Lelewel ironical and inflexible.

1875 Edinb. Rev. July 124 In questions where you would really know his mind, he is pretty sure to disguise it by being ironical or playful.

1920 P. Gibbs Now it can be Told i. xix. 56 ‘Uncle’ Harper..was ironical with war correspondents, and censors, and the British public, and new theories of training, and many things in which he saw no sense.

1982 I. Hamilton Robert Lowell xiv. 227 There is a kind of double vision: the child's-eye view judged and interpreted by the ironical narrator.

2010 H. Sounes Fab xviii. 342 It wasn't clear whether Paul was being ironical or not when he sang in mockery of rock stars and their groupie girlfriends... After all, he'd married a groupie.

†b. In extended use of an animal. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > [adjective] > mockingly imitative

ironical1607

parodial1807

parodistic1845

caricatural1881

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 2 [Apes] are held for a subtill, ironical, ridiculous and vnprofitable Beast..of the Græcians termed Gelotopoion, made for laughter.

3. Feigned, dissembling; esp. (and in later use only) employing or characterized by Socratic irony. See irony n. 2.In quot. 1646: arising from deceptive ambiguity.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > [adjective]

fainta1340

counterfeit1393

pretense1395

feinta1400

feigned1413

disguisyc1430

colourable1433

pretending1434

simulate1435

dissimuled1475

simulative1490

coloureda1500

dissimulate?a1500

simuled1526

colorate1528

dissembled1539

mock1548

devised1552

pretended?1553

artificial1564

supposed1566

counterfeited1569

supposing?1574

affecteda1586

pretensive1607

false1609

supposite1611

simulara1616

simulatory1618

simulated1622

put-ona1625

ironic1631

ironical1646

devisable1659

pretensional1659

pretenced1660

pretensory1663

vizarded1663

shammed?c1677

sham1681

faux1684

fictitious1739

ostensible1762

made-up1773

mala fide1808

assumed1813

semblative1814

fictioned1820

pretextual1837

pseudo1854

fictive1855

schlenter1881

faked1890

phoney1893

phantom1897

1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. iv. 14 The circle of this fallacie is very large, and herein may be comprised all Ironicall mistakes; for intended expressions receiving inverted significations, all deductions from metaphors, parables, allegories, unto reall and rigid interpretations.

1670 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. II iii. i. 223 Yet was he [sc. Socrates] very bold, and Ironical in refuting the proud assumings of such as pretended they knew all things.

1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. iv. 117 So much Force is Ironical Righteousness.

1793 J. Beattie Elem. Moral Sci. II. iv. i. 464 Socrates used it so happily..that he got the name of ὁ ειρων, or the ironical philosopher.

1850 G. Grote Hist. Greece VII. ii. lv. 48 His [sc. Socrates's] ironical affectation of ignorance, whereby the humiliation of opponents was rendered only the more complete.

1896 Philos. Rev. 5 530 The ironical doubt expressed in the Phaedrus.

1917 P. E. More Platonism ix. 278 The ironical modesty of Socrates.

2000 Salmagundi Nos. 126–7. 266 Nehamas' superficial Socrates cannot be an ironical Socrates.

4. Of a situation, event, or outcome: cruelly, humorously, or strangely at odds with assumptions or expectations; paradoxical, coincidental; = ironic adj. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [adjective]

paradoxal1602

paradox1624

paradoxial1624

paradoxic1632

paradoxical1638

paradoxographical1814

Irish1820

ironical1868

ironic1889

1868 Examiner 29 Feb. 132/3 It seems strange, if not ironical, that the admirers of such doctrines should wish us to be possessed with more feeling.

1890 Cornhill Mag. Sept. 309 It struck me as a thing curiously ironical that the fatal field on which an empire fell should, within twenty years, become the show of the neighbourhood.

1930 Pop. Sci. Monthly Aug. 66/2 That he should lose his life in a plane crash the one time when he was not provided with this life-saving device seems..all the more ironical.

1970 J. Ferguson Relig. Rom. Empire viii. 133 It is an ironical fact that the Christian picture of Hell is precisely pagan.

2012 Times of India (Nexis) 12 Oct. It is ironical that a researcher working on these arrests himself became a victim of the same police action.

Derivatives

iˈronicalness n. ironic nature or quality; irony.

ΚΠ

1718 S. Rosewell Arraignment & Tryal Thomas Rosewell 308 When he says Mr. Deceiver; the Ironicalness of that shall not excuse him.

1871 P. Schaff tr. J. P. Lange Gospel John (x. 32) in Comm. Holy Script.: N. T. III. 333/1 The ironicalness of this expression is unmistakable and invites an elucidation of biblical irony in general.

1913 Maine Law Rev. 7 20 When Lord Bacon uttered this profound truism it may have been with a slight tinge of ironicalness.

2007 S. Gilmartin & R. Mengham Thomas Hardy's Shorter Fiction iii. 111 There is an equal ironicalness in the way that Ella's deliberate obtuseness..is attributed to her humaneness.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ironical
释义	ironicaladj. Brit. /ʌɪˈrɒnᵻkl/, U.S. /aɪˈrɑnəkəl/ Forms: 1500s eironical, 1500s eironicall, 1500s–1600s ironicall, 1500s– ironical. Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin ironicus , -al suffix¹. Etymology: < post-classical Latin ironicus ironic adj. + -al suffix¹. Compare slightly earlier ironically adv. and also ironious adj., and later ironic adj. 1. Of language, style, manner of expression, etc.: of the nature of, containing, or characterized by irony (irony n. 1a); = ironic adj. 1a.ironic is now the more common term. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > caustic or ironic ridicule > [adjective] satiric1509 satirien1509 satiricala1529 ironical1536 dry1542 Lucianical1561 satirial1579 sardonian1586 ironized1596 sarcasmical1602 ironic1614 Sardinian?1615 sardoin1633 sardonic1638 sarcastical1641 sardan1649 sarcasmous1663 sarcastic1695 witty1700 sarcasmatical1716 caustic1771 nippit1808 Lucianic1820 sardonican1837 quippy1859 sardonical1859 quipsome1881 sarky1912 Lucianesque1969 the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > wit, wittiness > wit with words > irony > [adjective] ironical1536 ironized1596 ironic1614 wry1928 tongue-in-cheek1933 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of meaning > [adjective] > ironic ironious1534 ironical1536 ironized1596 ironic1614 southpaw1957 1536 R. Taverner tr. P. Melanchthon Confessyon Fayth Germaynes sig. F.viij There be some also which do interprete it [sc. Luke xi. 41] to be an Ironicall locution. 1576 A. Fleming Panoplie Epist. 237 (margin) He was (belike) some Pomilio or litle dwarfe, and that made him to use this eironical method. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 665 Another kinde there seemes to be of ironicall praise, opposite unto the former; namely, when semblant is made of blame and reproofe. 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy Democritus to Rdr. 21 Democritus..was so far caried with this Ironicall passion, that the cittizens of Abdera tooke him to be mad. 1706 tr. J. B. Morvan de Bellegarde Refl. upon Ridicule 230 They praise themselves..and drink like Nectar, the ironical Encomiums that are made them. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho I. xiii. 360 ‘Your reasons are indeed such as cannot be doubted,’ replied the lady, with an ironical smile. 1800 Evening Mail 10 Feb. 1/2 There was no expedition whose object and destination were so long known and publicly talked of, till at length Secret Expedition became an ironical term. 1854 T. B. Macaulay Atterbury in Encycl. Brit. IV. 188/1 Boyle..paid, in his preface, a bitterly ironical compliment to Bentley's courtesy. 1903 ‘T. Collins’ Such is Life iii. 126 Vainly ransacking my mind for some expression of thanks that wouldn't sound ironical. 1955 O. Manning Doves of Venus i. vi. 61 ‘No, I like them.’ ‘Ah!’ Quintin bowed in ironical deference to her opinion. 1998 K. McLeish Aristotle 16 Mimesis requires that all art is ironical. 2000 M. Gayle Turning Thirty lxiv. 233 It was the first [relationship] he'd ever had in which both parties referred to each other as my boy/girlfriend without the use of two-fingered ironical quotation marks. 2. a. Of a person: using or given to irony; = ironic adj. 1b. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > caustic or ironic ridicule > [adjective] > disposed to ironical1582 satirical1589 satiric1596 ironic1674 the mind > mental capacity > understanding > intelligence, cleverness > wit, wittiness > wit with words > irony > [adjective] > addicted to irony ironical1582 ironic1614 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > figure of speech > figures of meaning > [adjective] > ironic > using irony ironical1582 1582 R. Browne Treat. 23 Matt. in R. Harrison & R. Browne Writings (1953) 183 You doe Trope me, or you are Eironicall towardes me. 1589 T. Nashe To Students in R. Greene Menaphon Epist. sig. *^v Some deepe read Grammarians, who..take vpon them to be the ironicall censors of all. 1747 Scots Mag.* Feb. 72/2 Biddy is a simple innocent, and mighty simple indeed, says the ironical chamber-maid. 1781 S. Johnson Swift in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets VIII. 99 He apparently flattered his own arrogance by an assumed predomination, in which he was ironical only to the resentful. 1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years I. 337 Ostrowski was dignified, Lelewel ironical and inflexible. 1875 Edinb. Rev. July 124 In questions where you would really know his mind, he is pretty sure to disguise it by being ironical or playful. 1920 P. Gibbs Now it can be Told i. xix. 56 ‘Uncle’ Harper..was ironical with war correspondents, and censors, and the British public, and new theories of training, and many things in which he saw no sense. 1982 I. Hamilton Robert Lowell xiv. 227 There is a kind of double vision: the child's-eye view judged and interpreted by the ironical narrator. 2010 H. Sounes Fab xviii. 342 It wasn't clear whether Paul was being ironical or not when he sang in mockery of rock stars and their groupie girlfriends... After all, he'd married a groupie. †b. In extended use of an animal. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > [adjective] > mockingly imitative ironical1607 parodial1807 parodistic1845 caricatural1881 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 2 [Apes] are held for a subtill, ironical, ridiculous and vnprofitable Beast..of the Græcians termed Gelotopoion, made for laughter. 3. Feigned, dissembling; esp. (and in later use only) employing or characterized by Socratic irony. See irony n. 2.In quot. 1646: arising from deceptive ambiguity. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > dissimulation, pretence > [adjective] fainta1340 counterfeit1393 pretense1395 feinta1400 feigned1413 disguisyc1430 colourable1433 pretending1434 simulate1435 dissimuled1475 simulative1490 coloureda1500 dissimulate?a1500 simuled1526 colorate1528 dissembled1539 mock1548 devised1552 pretended?1553 artificial1564 supposed1566 counterfeited1569 supposing?1574 affecteda1586 pretensive1607 false1609 supposite1611 simulara1616 simulatory1618 simulated1622 put-ona1625 ironic1631 ironical1646 devisable1659 pretensional1659 pretenced1660 pretensory1663 vizarded1663 shammed?c1677 sham1681 faux1684 fictitious1739 ostensible1762 made-up1773 mala fide1808 assumed1813 semblative1814 fictioned1820 pretextual1837 pseudo1854 fictive1855 schlenter1881 faked1890 phoney1893 phantom1897 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. iv. 14 The circle of this fallacie is very large, and herein may be comprised all Ironicall mistakes; for intended expressions receiving inverted significations, all deductions from metaphors, parables, allegories, unto reall and rigid interpretations. View more context for this quotation 1670 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. II iii. i. 223 Yet was he [sc. Socrates] very bold, and Ironical in refuting the proud assumings of such as pretended they knew all things. 1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. iv. 117 So much Force is Ironical Righteousness. 1793 J. Beattie Elem. Moral Sci. II. iv. i. 464 Socrates used it so happily..that he got the name of ὁ ειρων, or the ironical philosopher. 1850 G. Grote Hist. Greece VII. ii. lv. 48 His [sc. Socrates's] ironical affectation of ignorance, whereby the humiliation of opponents was rendered only the more complete. 1896 Philos. Rev. 5 530 The ironical doubt expressed in the Phaedrus. 1917 P. E. More Platonism ix. 278 The ironical modesty of Socrates. 2000 Salmagundi Nos. 126–7. 266 Nehamas' superficial Socrates cannot be an ironical Socrates. 4. Of a situation, event, or outcome: cruelly, humorously, or strangely at odds with assumptions or expectations; paradoxical, coincidental; = ironic adj. 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [adjective] paradoxal1602 paradox1624 paradoxial1624 paradoxic1632 paradoxical1638 paradoxographical1814 Irish1820 ironical1868 ironic1889 1868 Examiner 29 Feb. 132/3 It seems strange, if not ironical, that the admirers of such doctrines should wish us to be possessed with more feeling. 1890 Cornhill Mag. Sept. 309 It struck me as a thing curiously ironical that the fatal field on which an empire fell should, within twenty years, become the show of the neighbourhood. 1930 Pop. Sci. Monthly Aug. 66/2 That he should lose his life in a plane crash the one time when he was not provided with this life-saving device seems..all the more ironical. 1970 J. Ferguson Relig. Rom. Empire viii. 133 It is an ironical fact that the Christian picture of Hell is precisely pagan. 2012 Times of India (Nexis) 12 Oct. It is ironical that a researcher working on these arrests himself became a victim of the same police action. Derivatives iˈronicalness n. ironic nature or quality; irony. ΚΠ 1718 S. Rosewell Arraignment & Tryal Thomas Rosewell 308 When he says Mr. Deceiver; the Ironicalness of that shall not excuse him. 1871 P. Schaff tr. J. P. Lange Gospel John (x. 32) in Comm. Holy Script.: N. T. III. 333/1 The ironicalness of this expression is unmistakable and invites an elucidation of biblical irony in general. 1913 Maine Law Rev. 7 20 When Lord Bacon uttered this profound truism it may have been with a slight tinge of ironicalness. 2007 S. Gilmartin & R. Mengham Thomas Hardy's Shorter Fiction iii. 111 There is an equal ironicalness in the way that Ella's deliberate obtuseness..is attributed to her humaneness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1536
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