ironbarkn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈʌɪənbɑːk/, U.S.

/ˈaɪ(ə)rnˌbɑrk/, Australian English

/ˈɑeənbʌːk/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: iron adj., iron n.¹, bark n.¹

Etymology: < either iron adj. or iron n.¹ + bark n.¹

Originally and chiefly Australian.

A. n.

1. Any of a group of eucalypts having characteristically thick, hard, deeply furrowed, typically black bark; esp. any of the species Eucalyptus paniculata, E. sideroxylon, and E. leucoxylon, all native to southern and eastern Australia and valued for their wood. Frequently with distinguishing word. Cf. stringybark n. 1a.red ironbark: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > Australasian

tallow-tree1704

rata1773

rosewood1779

red mahogany1798

ironbark1799

wild orange1802

red gum1803

rewarewa1817

red cedar1818

black-butted gum1820

Huon pine1820

miro1820

oak1821

horoeka1831

hinau1832

maire1832

totara1832

blackbutt1833

marri1833

raspberry jam tree1833

kohekohe1835

puriri1835

tawa1839

hickory1840

whau1840

pukatea1841

titoki1842

butterbush1843

iron gum1844

York gum1846

mangeao1848

myall1848

ironheart1859

lilly-pilly1860

belah1862

flindosa1862

jarrah1866

silky oak1866

teak of New South Wales1866

Tolosa-wood1866

turmeric-tree1866

walking-stick palm1869

tooart1870

queenwood1873

tarairi1873

boree1878

yate1880

axe-breaker1884

bangalay1884

coachwood1884

cudgerie1884

feather-wood1884

forest mahogany1884

maiden's blush1884

swamp mahogany1884

tallow-wood1884

teak of New Zealand1884

wandoo1884

heartwood1885

ivorywood1887

Jimmy Low1887

Burdekin plum1889

corkwood1889

pigeon-berry ash1889

red beech1889

silver beech1889

turnip-wood1891

black bean1895

red bean1895

pinkwood1898

poplar1898

rose mahogany1898

quandong1908

lancewood1910

New Zealand honeysuckle1910

Queensland walnut1919

mahogany gum1944

Australian mahogany1948

1799 in D. Collins Acct. Eng. Colony New S. Wales (1802) II. xiv. 145 A sort of gum tree, the bark of which along the trunk is that of the iron bark of Port Jackson.

1820 J. Oxley Jrnls. Two Exped. New S. Wales 170 Iron and stringy barks of small size were also common.

1868 W. L. Carleton Austral. Nights 29 I was swarthy grown and dark, Yes, as the rugged iron-bark.

1911 E. M. Clowes On Wallaby ix. 249 In the Victorian Grampians is to be found for the most part blue gum and messmate, stringy bark, and red and white iron bark.

1967 A. Rule Forests Austral. ii. 27 A list of the more valuable species would include the red and the grey ironbarks—those hard, heavy and tremendously tough timbers that make the name ironbark almost synonymous with durability.

2000 Leyland's Austral. Winter 86/2-3 Lower elevations of eucalypt woodlands contain ironbark and cypress pine.

2. The hard, heavy, decay-resistant wood of any of these trees, typically used for fence posts, railway sleepers, and construction purposes.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > eucalyptus

ironbark1803

stringy-bark1848

jarrah1866

1803 Sydney Gaz. 19 Mar. Red and other gums, string and iron bark, mahogany, and other hard woods will be selected in preference to any other.

1859 Bell's Life in Sydney 18 June 1/1 Split posts of iron bark, blood tree, or other durable timber are substituted for saplings.

1894 Westm. Gaz. 20 Nov. 6/1 One thousand ironbark sleepers were recently shipped from Sydney for..the Great Eastern Railway Company.

1901 C. G. W. Lock Gold Milling ii. 49 Australian builders make use of several sorts of eucalyptus, especially karri and ironbark; both are extremely durable, but very heavy and hard to work.

1974 N. Phillipson As Other Men 114 A rough-hewn slab of ironbark that served as the doorstep.

2000 Land (N. Richmond, New S. Wales) 1 June (Trader section) 14/8 (advt.) Wanted split seasoned Ironbark, Box, Redgum or mixed, del. to Sydney North Shore.

B. adj. (attributive).

1. Made or consisting of ironbark.

ΚΠ

1824 Sydney Gaz. 27 May 1/5 To be Sold by Auction... Window Frames and Shutters, old Lashes, Iron-bark Shingles.

1889 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms II. xxxv. 288 We made an ironbark coffer for it.

1935 F. Clune Rolling down Lachlan 11 The main shaft was an ironbark log.

2003 Newcastle (Austral.) Herald (Nexis) 20 Dec. 13 An island bench looks onto the formal dining, which features a Nicholas Dattner ironbark table.

2. figurative. Hard, unyielding; tough. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adjective] > robust

strongeOE

hardOE

stalworthc1175

starka1250

stiff1297

steel to the (very) backa1300

stalworthyc1300

wightc1300

stable13..

valiant1303

stithc1325

toughc1330

wrast1338

stoura1350

sadc1384

wighty14..

derfc1440

substantialc1460

well-jointed1483

felon1487

robust1490

stalwart1508

stoutya1529

robustous?1531

rankc1540

hardy1548

robustious1548

stout1576

rustical1583

rustic1620

iron1638

robustic1652

swankinga1704

strapping1707

rugged1731

solid1741

vaudy1793

flaithulach1829

ironbark1833

swankie1838

tough as (old) boots or leather1843

skookum1847

hard (also tough, sharp) as nails1862

hard-assed1954

nails1974

1833 Currency Lad (Sydney) 30 Mar. 2 We would advise all such iron bark politicians..to resume the strains of Orpheus of old and ‘fiddle to the trees’!

1851 Empire (Sydney) 20 June 562/4 The iron bark constitutions requisite to withstand the fatigues of a gold digger's life.

1888 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms I. vi. 85 I always thought he was ironbark outside and in.

1907 Truth (Sydney) 14 July 1/8 ‘Girls are not like they were in my young days,’ said an elderly ironbark lady seated in an Abbotsford tram.

1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. 90 From countrymen in general, ironbark, unyielding.

Compounds

ironbark tree n.

ΚΠ

1802 Barrington's Hist. New S. Wales ix. 338 The external part was white, but the body was of a reddish brown, the bark resembling that of the iron bark-tree at Port Jackson.

1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Miner's Right II. xxvii. 288 The corrugated stems of the great ironbark trees stood black and columnar.

1929 P. R. Stephensen Bushwhackers 92 He went and got a Kelly axe, and single-handed he chopped down that Ironbark tree.

2011 Manly (Austral.) Daily (Nexis) 28 May 8 The poisoning of a 25m iron bark tree on Wallumatta Rd..is thought to have been motivated by a desire to improve a homeowner's water view.

ironbark wood n.

ΚΠ

1820 Hobart Town Gaz. & Southern Reporter 1 Apr. Mr. Arnold Fisk, for Iron Bark Wood for Cogs of Water Mill [£]5.

1907 Pacific Monthly Aug. 279/1 ‘That's iron-bark wood,’ he said. ‘It comes from Australia, and you can see it is well named. It is almost as hard as lignum vitae.’

2009 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 13 Jan. 7 The grill is fuelled by ironbark wood from the Blue Mountains..that emits a gentle smoke yet burns hot.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	ironbark
释义	ironbarkn.adj. Brit. /ˈʌɪənbɑːk/, U.S. /ˈaɪ(ə)rnˌbɑrk/, Australian English /ˈɑeənbʌːk/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: iron adj., iron n.¹, bark n.¹ Etymology: < either iron adj. or iron n.¹ + bark n.¹ Originally and chiefly Australian. A. n. 1. Any of a group of eucalypts having characteristically thick, hard, deeply furrowed, typically black bark; esp. any of the species Eucalyptus paniculata, E. sideroxylon, and E. leucoxylon, all native to southern and eastern Australia and valued for their wood. Frequently with distinguishing word. Cf. stringybark n. 1a.red ironbark: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular timber trees or shrubs > non-British timber trees > [noun] > Australasian tallow-tree1704 rata1773 rosewood1779 red mahogany1798 ironbark1799 wild orange1802 red gum1803 rewarewa1817 red cedar1818 black-butted gum1820 Huon pine1820 miro1820 oak1821 horoeka1831 hinau1832 maire1832 totara1832 blackbutt1833 marri1833 raspberry jam tree1833 kohekohe1835 puriri1835 tawa1839 hickory1840 whau1840 pukatea1841 titoki1842 butterbush1843 iron gum1844 York gum1846 mangeao1848 myall1848 ironheart1859 lilly-pilly1860 belah1862 flindosa1862 jarrah1866 silky oak1866 teak of New South Wales1866 Tolosa-wood1866 turmeric-tree1866 walking-stick palm1869 tooart1870 queenwood1873 tarairi1873 boree1878 yate1880 axe-breaker1884 bangalay1884 coachwood1884 cudgerie1884 feather-wood1884 forest mahogany1884 maiden's blush1884 swamp mahogany1884 tallow-wood1884 teak of New Zealand1884 wandoo1884 heartwood1885 ivorywood1887 Jimmy Low1887 Burdekin plum1889 corkwood1889 pigeon-berry ash1889 red beech1889 silver beech1889 turnip-wood1891 black bean1895 red bean1895 pinkwood1898 poplar1898 rose mahogany1898 quandong1908 lancewood1910 New Zealand honeysuckle1910 Queensland walnut1919 mahogany gum1944 Australian mahogany1948 1799 in D. Collins Acct. Eng. Colony New S. Wales (1802) II. xiv. 145 A sort of gum tree, the bark of which along the trunk is that of the iron bark of Port Jackson. 1820 J. Oxley Jrnls. Two Exped. New S. Wales 170 Iron and stringy barks of small size were also common. 1868 W. L. Carleton Austral. Nights 29 I was swarthy grown and dark, Yes, as the rugged iron-bark. 1911 E. M. Clowes On Wallaby ix. 249 In the Victorian Grampians is to be found for the most part blue gum and messmate, stringy bark, and red and white iron bark. 1967 A. Rule Forests Austral. ii. 27 A list of the more valuable species would include the red and the grey ironbarks—those hard, heavy and tremendously tough timbers that make the name ironbark almost synonymous with durability. 2000 Leyland's Austral. Winter 86/2-3 Lower elevations of eucalypt woodlands contain ironbark and cypress pine. 2. The hard, heavy, decay-resistant wood of any of these trees, typically used for fence posts, railway sleepers, and construction purposes. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > wood > wood of specific trees > [noun] > eucalyptus ironbark1803 stringy-bark1848 jarrah1866 1803 Sydney Gaz. 19 Mar. Red and other gums, string and iron bark, mahogany, and other hard woods will be selected in preference to any other. 1859 Bell's Life in Sydney 18 June 1/1 Split posts of iron bark, blood tree, or other durable timber are substituted for saplings. 1894 Westm. Gaz. 20 Nov. 6/1 One thousand ironbark sleepers were recently shipped from Sydney for..the Great Eastern Railway Company. 1901 C. G. W. Lock Gold Milling ii. 49 Australian builders make use of several sorts of eucalyptus, especially karri and ironbark; both are extremely durable, but very heavy and hard to work. 1974 N. Phillipson As Other Men 114 A rough-hewn slab of ironbark that served as the doorstep. 2000 Land (N. Richmond, New S. Wales) 1 June (Trader section) 14/8 (advt.) Wanted split seasoned Ironbark, Box, Redgum or mixed, del. to Sydney North Shore. B. adj. (attributive). 1. Made or consisting of ironbark. ΚΠ 1824 Sydney Gaz. 27 May 1/5 To be Sold by Auction... Window Frames and Shutters, old Lashes, Iron-bark Shingles. 1889 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms II. xxxv. 288 We made an ironbark coffer for it. 1935 F. Clune Rolling down Lachlan 11 The main shaft was an ironbark log. 2003 Newcastle (Austral.) Herald (Nexis) 20 Dec. 13 An island bench looks onto the formal dining, which features a Nicholas Dattner ironbark table. 2. figurative. Hard, unyielding; tough. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > bodily constitution > bodily strength > [adjective] > robust strongeOE hardOE stalworthc1175 starka1250 stiff1297 steel to the (very) backa1300 stalworthyc1300 wightc1300 stable13.. valiant1303 stithc1325 toughc1330 wrast1338 stoura1350 sadc1384 wighty14.. derfc1440 substantialc1460 well-jointed1483 felon1487 robust1490 stalwart1508 stoutya1529 robustous?1531 rankc1540 hardy1548 robustious1548 stout1576 rustical1583 rustic1620 iron1638 robustic1652 swankinga1704 strapping1707 rugged1731 solid1741 vaudy1793 flaithulach1829 ironbark1833 swankie1838 tough as (old) boots or leather1843 skookum1847 hard (also tough, sharp) as nails1862 hard-assed1954 nails1974 1833 Currency Lad (Sydney) 30 Mar. 2 We would advise all such iron bark politicians..to resume the strains of Orpheus of old and ‘fiddle to the trees’! 1851 Empire (Sydney) 20 June 562/4 The iron bark constitutions requisite to withstand the fatigues of a gold digger's life. 1888 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms I. vi. 85 I always thought he was ironbark outside and in. 1907 Truth (Sydney) 14 July 1/8 ‘Girls are not like they were in my young days,’ said an elderly ironbark lady seated in an Abbotsford tram. 1945 S. J. Baker Austral. Lang. 90 From countrymen in general, ironbark, unyielding. Compounds ironbark tree n. ΚΠ 1802 Barrington's Hist. New S. Wales ix. 338 The external part was white, but the body was of a reddish brown, the bark resembling that of the iron bark-tree at Port Jackson. 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Miner's Right II. xxvii. 288 The corrugated stems of the great ironbark trees stood black and columnar. 1929 P. R. Stephensen Bushwhackers 92 He went and got a Kelly axe, and single-handed he chopped down that Ironbark tree. 2011 Manly (Austral.) Daily (Nexis) 28 May 8 The poisoning of a 25m iron bark tree on Wallumatta Rd..is thought to have been motivated by a desire to improve a homeowner's water view. ironbark wood n. ΚΠ 1820 Hobart Town Gaz. & Southern Reporter 1 Apr. Mr. Arnold Fisk, for Iron Bark Wood for Cogs of Water Mill [£]5. 1907 Pacific Monthly Aug. 279/1 ‘That's iron-bark wood,’ he said. ‘It comes from Australia, and you can see it is well named. It is almost as hard as lignum vitae.’ 2009 Age (Melbourne) (Nexis) 13 Jan. 7 The grill is fuelled by ironbark wood from the Blue Mountains..that emits a gentle smoke yet burns hot. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.1799
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