Inuitn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈɪnjʊɪt/,

/ˈɪnʊɪt/, U.S.

/ˈɪnʊᵻt/,

/ˈɪnjʊᵻt/, Canadian English

/ˈɪnʊᵻt/,

/ˈɪnjʊᵻt/

Inflections: unchanged, Inuits.

Forms: 1700s– Innuit, 1800s– Inuit, 1800s Innoit.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Greenlandic Inuit. Partly a borrowing from Eastern Canadian Inuit. Etymons: Greenlandic Inuit Inuit; Eastern Canadian Inuit Inuit.

Etymology: < Greenlandic Inuit Inuit and its cognate Eastern Canadian Inuit Inuit, self-designation, specific use of inuit , plural of inuk person (see Inuk n.). Compare earlier Eskimo n.In quot. 1745 via Danish Innuit (1741 as a plural form in the passage translated); this text was widely read at the time, so this may also have influenced later uses in the form Innuit. With the form Innoit compare French †Innoït (1868 or earlier; now Inuit ) and also the forms cited at Inuk n. Although borrowed from a plural form, the word is commonly used as a singular in English (and from an early date also sometimes with a secondary plural in -s ; compare quot. 1745); similar usages are also found in French and other European languages. The pronunciations with /j/ arose within English.

A. n.

1. A member of any of several closely related indigenous peoples inhabiting northern Canada and parts of Greenland and Alaska. In Canada and Greenland, and more generally, the word Inuit has superseded the word Eskimo (Eskimo n. 1), which has come to be regarded as offensive (partly through the associations of the now discredited etymology ‘one who eats raw flesh’). Eskimo, however, is the only term which applies to the Eskimo peoples as a whole, including not only the Inuit of Canada, Greenland, and Alaska, but also the Yupik of Siberia and the Inupiaq of Alaska. Eskimo is still widely used, especially in Alaska and in anthropological, archaeological, and linguistic contexts.In quot. 1584 at Eskimo n. 1 perhaps denoting an Algonquian people of Cape Breton or Newfoundland; see the discussion in the etymology.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of the Arctic > [noun]

Eskimo1584

Inuit1745

Skraeling1767

Inuk1876

Yuit1881

Copper Eskimo1884

Netsilik1884

Netsilingmiut1885

Caribou Eskimo1920

Eskimoid1930

Nunamiut1951

Inupiaq1957

Yupik1977

1745 tr. H. Egede Descr. Greenland ii. 13 (note) Whilst the Kablunæt dwelled there, one of the Innuits [Da. en af Innuit].., for so they call themselves, came rowing along the Shore.

1765 C. Drachard in Ethnohistory (1972) 19 136 They [sc. the Labrador Eskimos] also by way of eminence in contra-distinction to the Europeans call themselves Innuit (the Men).

1864 Spectator 31 Dec. 1506 The Innuits believe in a supreme Being called Anguta.

1895 R. Kipling Second Jungle Bk. 145 Kadlu was an Inuit—what you call an Esquimau.

1919 W. T. Grenfell Labrador Doctor (1920) vii. 140 With the influx of white settlers from Devon and Dorset, Scotland and France the ‘Innuits’ were driven farther and farther north.

1973 Sci. Amer. Sept. 196/3 Nearly 400 sculptors of quality are represented here from the inuit.

2007 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 20 Aug. a6 A deal that will establish a form of self-government for the Inuit of Quebec could well be a model for the future of settlements with native people across the country.

2. Originally: any of the languages spoken by the Inuit peoples. Now spec.: one of the two major divisions of the Eskimo branch of the Eskimo-Aleut language family, the other being Yupik (Yupik n. 1); (also, with distinguishing word) a language of this group.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Eskimo-Aleut > [noun]

Greenlandish1767

Eskimo1819

Greenlandic1820

husky1864

Aleut1872

Inuk1884

Inuit1901

Yuit1909

Eskimo-Aleut1913

Inupiaq1947

Inupik1951

Yupik1951

Yuk1962

Inuktitut1974

1901 F. Barnum Grammatical Fund. Innuit Lang. 17 When I'll speak Innuit.

1912 A. W. Greely True Tales Arctic Heroism 375 Mertuk had watched from a distance this wonderful youth, who spoke Inuit queerly, to the sly amusement of the listening Etahs.

1959 Amer. Anthropologist 61 1268 Some perspective is gained..by the existence of a number of a dialects falling into at least two distinct languages, Alaska-Siberia, called..Yupik, and Alaska-Canada-Greenland, called Inuit.

1992 Internat. Jrnl. Amer. Ling. 58 512 While Lowe's documentation of Western Canadian Inuit is significant, his theoretical insights into Eskimo grammar have not been taken seriously by Eskimologists.

1998 Anthropol. Ling. 40 517 The indices cross-reference these entries from Aleut, Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Eastern Canadian Inuit, West Greenlandic, and English.

2005 C. Tudge Secret Life Trees ii. 42 The formal scientific names of living creatures..are compounded primarily of Latin plus Greek, but they also in their modern form incorporate bits of scores of other languages from Swahili to Inuit.

B. adj.

Of, belonging to, or relating to the Inuit or their language.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Eskimo-Aleut > [adjective]

Inuit1862

Yuit1881

Eskimo-Aleutian1936

Eskimo-Aleut1947

Inupiaq1947

Inupik1951

Yupik1951

Inuktitut1976

the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of the Arctic > [adjective]

Eskimo1703

Inuit1862

Netsilik1864

Mongolioid1883

Eskimoid1889

Inuk1889

Netsilingmiut1941

Inupiaq1947

Nunamiut1951

Yupik1951

1862 Sci. Amer. 27 Sept. 195/2 In the matters of clothing and food Mr. Hall adopted the Innuit style, and was dressed in skins and fed upon raw meats, with a due share of blubber.

1864 Harper's Mag. Sept. 438/2 The love of parents for their children is a notable trait in Innuit character.

1903 J. London People of Abyss xxvii. 313 In Alaska, along the banks of the Yukon River, near its mouth, live the Innuit folk.

1931 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 29 Aug. 388/1 The Hudson's Bay Company has therefore had this elementary handbook of hygiene prepared and translated into the Inuit language.

2006 N. Graburn in P. R. Stern & L. Stevenson Crit. Inuit Stud. ii. viii. 145 His handwritten cards were transformed through an electric typewriter and computer into a large dictionary of Inuit words.

2017 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 4 Dec. a1 The survey method included recruiting a survey team from the Inuit community and conducting interviews in English and Inuktitut.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	inuit
释义	Inuitn.adj. Brit. /ˈɪnjʊɪt/, /ˈɪnʊɪt/, U.S. /ˈɪnʊᵻt/, /ˈɪnjʊᵻt/, Canadian English /ˈɪnʊᵻt/, /ˈɪnjʊᵻt/ Inflections: unchanged, Inuits. Forms: 1700s– Innuit, 1800s– Inuit, 1800s Innoit. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Greenlandic Inuit. Partly a borrowing from Eastern Canadian Inuit. Etymons: Greenlandic Inuit Inuit; Eastern Canadian Inuit Inuit. Etymology: < Greenlandic Inuit Inuit and its cognate Eastern Canadian Inuit Inuit, self-designation, specific use of inuit , plural of inuk person (see Inuk n.). Compare earlier Eskimo n.In quot. 1745 via Danish Innuit (1741 as a plural form in the passage translated); this text was widely read at the time, so this may also have influenced later uses in the form Innuit. With the form Innoit compare French †Innoït (1868 or earlier; now Inuit ) and also the forms cited at Inuk n. Although borrowed from a plural form, the word is commonly used as a singular in English (and from an early date also sometimes with a secondary plural in -s ; compare quot. 1745); similar usages are also found in French and other European languages. The pronunciations with /j/ arose within English. A. n. 1. A member of any of several closely related indigenous peoples inhabiting northern Canada and parts of Greenland and Alaska. In Canada and Greenland, and more generally, the word Inuit has superseded the word Eskimo (Eskimo n. 1), which has come to be regarded as offensive (partly through the associations of the now discredited etymology ‘one who eats raw flesh’). Eskimo, however, is the only term which applies to the Eskimo peoples as a whole, including not only the Inuit of Canada, Greenland, and Alaska, but also the Yupik of Siberia and the Inupiaq of Alaska. Eskimo is still widely used, especially in Alaska and in anthropological, archaeological, and linguistic contexts.In quot. 1584 at Eskimo n. 1 perhaps denoting an Algonquian people of Cape Breton or Newfoundland; see the discussion in the etymology. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of the Arctic > [noun] Eskimo1584 Inuit1745 Skraeling1767 Inuk1876 Yuit1881 Copper Eskimo1884 Netsilik1884 Netsilingmiut1885 Caribou Eskimo1920 Eskimoid1930 Nunamiut1951 Inupiaq1957 Yupik1977 1745 tr. H. Egede Descr. Greenland ii. 13 (note) Whilst the Kablunæt dwelled there, one of the Innuits [Da. en af Innuit].., for so they call themselves, came rowing along the Shore. 1765 C. Drachard in Ethnohistory (1972) 19 136 They [sc. the Labrador Eskimos] also by way of eminence in contra-distinction to the Europeans call themselves Innuit (the Men). 1864 Spectator 31 Dec. 1506 The Innuits believe in a supreme Being called Anguta. 1895 R. Kipling Second Jungle Bk. 145 Kadlu was an Inuit—what you call an Esquimau. 1919 W. T. Grenfell Labrador Doctor (1920) vii. 140 With the influx of white settlers from Devon and Dorset, Scotland and France the ‘Innuits’ were driven farther and farther north. 1973 Sci. Amer. Sept. 196/3 Nearly 400 sculptors of quality are represented here from the inuit. 2007 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 20 Aug. a6 A deal that will establish a form of self-government for the Inuit of Quebec could well be a model for the future of settlements with native people across the country. 2. Originally: any of the languages spoken by the Inuit peoples. Now spec.: one of the two major divisions of the Eskimo branch of the Eskimo-Aleut language family, the other being Yupik (Yupik n. 1); (also, with distinguishing word) a language of this group. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Eskimo-Aleut > [noun] Greenlandish1767 Eskimo1819 Greenlandic1820 husky1864 Aleut1872 Inuk1884 Inuit1901 Yuit1909 Eskimo-Aleut1913 Inupiaq1947 Inupik1951 Yupik1951 Yuk1962 Inuktitut1974 1901 F. Barnum Grammatical Fund. Innuit Lang. 17 When I'll speak Innuit. 1912 A. W. Greely True Tales Arctic Heroism 375 Mertuk had watched from a distance this wonderful youth, who spoke Inuit queerly, to the sly amusement of the listening Etahs. 1959 Amer. Anthropologist 61 1268 Some perspective is gained..by the existence of a number of a dialects falling into at least two distinct languages, Alaska-Siberia, called..Yupik, and Alaska-Canada-Greenland, called Inuit. 1992 Internat. Jrnl. Amer. Ling. 58 512 While Lowe's documentation of Western Canadian Inuit is significant, his theoretical insights into Eskimo grammar have not been taken seriously by Eskimologists. 1998 Anthropol. Ling. 40 517 The indices cross-reference these entries from Aleut, Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Eastern Canadian Inuit, West Greenlandic, and English. 2005 C. Tudge Secret Life Trees ii. 42 The formal scientific names of living creatures..are compounded primarily of Latin plus Greek, but they also in their modern form incorporate bits of scores of other languages from Swahili to Inuit. B. adj. Of, belonging to, or relating to the Inuit or their language. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Eskimo-Aleut > [adjective] Inuit1862 Yuit1881 Eskimo-Aleutian1936 Eskimo-Aleut1947 Inupiaq1947 Inupik1951 Yupik1951 Inuktitut1976 the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > peoples of the Arctic > [adjective] Eskimo1703 Inuit1862 Netsilik1864 Mongolioid1883 Eskimoid1889 Inuk1889 Netsilingmiut1941 Inupiaq1947 Nunamiut1951 Yupik1951 1862 Sci. Amer. 27 Sept. 195/2 In the matters of clothing and food Mr. Hall adopted the Innuit style, and was dressed in skins and fed upon raw meats, with a due share of blubber. 1864 Harper's Mag. Sept. 438/2 The love of parents for their children is a notable trait in Innuit character. 1903 J. London People of Abyss xxvii. 313 In Alaska, along the banks of the Yukon River, near its mouth, live the Innuit folk. 1931 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 29 Aug. 388/1 The Hudson's Bay Company has therefore had this elementary handbook of hygiene prepared and translated into the Inuit language. 2006 N. Graburn in P. R. Stern & L. Stevenson Crit. Inuit Stud. ii. viii. 145 His handwritten cards were transformed through an electric typewriter and computer into a large dictionary of Inuit words. 2017 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 4 Dec. a1 The survey method included recruiting a survey team from the Inuit community and conducting interviews in English and Inuktitut. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1745
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