artificial capitaln.

Brit.

/ˌɑːtᵻfɪʃl ˈkapᵻtl/, U.S.

/ˌɑrdəˌfɪʃ(ə)l ˈkæpədl/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: artificial adj., capital n.²

Etymology: < artificial adj. + capital n.²

1. Banking. Money introduced into a national economy through (state-sanctioned) measures enacted by the banking sector; assets that are financed through liabilities. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > provision of capital > capital or principal > types of

stock1598

artificial capital1772

circulating capital1776

natural capital1785

money capital1791

working capital1798

reserve1819

authorized capital1825

current asset1826

loan capital1848

capital asset1851

water1867

capital equipment1893

refugee capital1926

risk capital1927

hot money1936

venture capital1943

risk money1944

exposure1975

1772 T. Mortimer Elements Commerce, Politics & Finances 381 The real principal sum borrowed, and which this artificial capital supplies the place of to the lenders, becomes the resource of the state, for supporting its national glory.

1781 Morning Chron. 14 Apr. 9,000,000l. of artificial capital, for which..the clear uncompensated loss to the nation..would, in fifty-eight years, have been above 5,000,000l. of principal.

1867 Westm. Rev. Apr. 249/1 Any liberty given to any bank to create artificial capital must..ultimately result in a depreciated currency.

1990 K. E. Scott in G. S. Kaufman Restructuring Amer. Financial Syst. vi. 76 A variety of techniques was used..: lowering capital requirements, creating artificial capital, and adopting regulatory accounting principles..that would inflate the calculation of capital and earnings.

2. The stock of goods and infrastructure produced by human labour, regarded as having economic value or enabling economic activity.Often contrasted with natural capital n. 2.

ΚΠ

1845 T. C. Banfield Four Lect. Organization Industry i. 28 Land, water, air, and the various powers which nature places at the disposal of man..are not distinguished from the artificial capital which is the result of man's industry.

1911 F. W. Taussig Princ. Econ. II. v. xlvi. 121 If a particular kind of artificial capital proves exceptionally profitable, more of that kind will be made, and the return on it will be lowered.

2020 Sustainability (online journal, accessed 17 May 2021) 12 ii. article 720 Strong sustainability recognizes the unique features of natural resources that cannot be replaced by alternatives, in this case, artificial capital.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2021).

单词	artificial capital
释义	artificial capitaln. Brit. /ˌɑːtᵻfɪʃl ˈkapᵻtl/, U.S. /ˌɑrdəˌfɪʃ(ə)l ˈkæpədl/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: artificial adj., capital n.² Etymology: < artificial adj. + capital n.² 1. Banking. Money introduced into a national economy through (state-sanctioned) measures enacted by the banking sector; assets that are financed through liabilities. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > provision of capital > capital or principal > types of stock1598 artificial capital1772 circulating capital1776 natural capital1785 money capital1791 working capital1798 reserve1819 authorized capital1825 current asset1826 loan capital1848 capital asset1851 water1867 capital equipment1893 refugee capital1926 risk capital1927 hot money1936 venture capital1943 risk money1944 exposure1975 1772 T. Mortimer Elements Commerce, Politics & Finances 381 The real principal sum borrowed, and which this artificial capital supplies the place of to the lenders, becomes the resource of the state, for supporting its national glory. 1781 Morning Chron. 14 Apr. 9,000,000l. of artificial capital, for which..the clear uncompensated loss to the nation..would, in fifty-eight years, have been above 5,000,000l. of principal. 1867 Westm. Rev. Apr. 249/1 Any liberty given to any bank to create artificial capital must..ultimately result in a depreciated currency. 1990 K. E. Scott in G. S. Kaufman Restructuring Amer. Financial Syst. vi. 76 A variety of techniques was used..: lowering capital requirements, creating artificial capital, and adopting regulatory accounting principles..that would inflate the calculation of capital and earnings. 2. The stock of goods and infrastructure produced by human labour, regarded as having economic value or enabling economic activity.Often contrasted with natural capital n. 2. ΚΠ 1845 T. C. Banfield Four Lect. Organization Industry i. 28 Land, water, air, and the various powers which nature places at the disposal of man..are not distinguished from the artificial capital which is the result of man's industry. 1911 F. W. Taussig Princ. Econ. II. v. xlvi. 121 If a particular kind of artificial capital proves exceptionally profitable, more of that kind will be made, and the return on it will be lowered. 2020 Sustainability (online journal, accessed 17 May 2021) 12 ii. article 720 Strong sustainability recognizes the unique features of natural resources that cannot be replaced by alternatives, in this case, artificial capital. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2021). < n.1772
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