institutionn.
/ˌɪnstᵻˈtjuːʃn/, /ˌɪnstᵻˈtʃuːʃn/, U.S. /ˌɪnstəˈt(j)uʃən/ 1.
a. The action of instituting or establishing; setting on foot or in operation; foundation; ordainment; the fact of being instituted.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > initiating or causing to begin > [noun] > institution or founding
fasteningeOE
stablishinga1300
groundingc1380
stablingc1380
ordinancec1384
establishingc1400
foundationc1400
fundament1440
stablishment1444
institutionc1460
upsetting1470
erection1508
instituting1534
foundingc1540
erecting1553
constitution1582
establishment1596
plantation1605
instauration1614
institute1641
bottoming1642
ordaining1643
settlement1646
planting1702
incardination1897
c1460 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (1885) ii. 113 That oþer [kingdom] beganne bi the desire and institucion of the peple of the same prince.
1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in Complaints 144 There is no right in this partition, Ne was it so by institution Ordained first.
a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1962) X. 90 Ceremonies..may be good in their Institution, and grow ill in their practise.
1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations I. i. iv. 30 Before the institution of coined money..people must always have been liable to the grossest frauds and impositions. View more context for this quotation
1785 T. Reid Ess. Intellect. Powers ii. ix. 276 He was one of the most active members of the Royal Society of London at its first institution.
1847 J. Yeowell Chron. Anc. Brit. Church viii. 77 Societies, whether monastic or secular, are of human, while episcopacy is of divine, institution.
b. spec. The establishment or ordination of a sacrament of the Christian Church, esp. of the Eucharist, by Christ. Hence, that part of the office of Baptism, and of the prayer of consecration in the Eucharist, which consists in reciting the words used in institution (more fully words, commemoration, or recital of institution).
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrament > [noun] > establishment of, by Christ
institutiona1540
society > faith > worship > sacrament > baptism > [noun] > rite of > part of
institutiona1540
a1540 R. Barnes in W. Tyndale et al. Wks. (1573) 304/2 Christes ordinaunce is not to receaue the bloud in the body onely, but to receaue the bloud after his institution.
1548 E. Gest Treat. againste Masse sig. Ii He reporteth all thee wordes apperteyning to the ryght and ful institution of the sayd supper.
1607 E. Grimeston tr. S. Goulart Admirable & Memorable Hist. 433 Hee began then to rehearse the ten commandements..the Lords Prayer, the institution of Baptisme, and of the holy Supper.
1635 E. Pagitt Christianographie (1636) i. iii. 121 Reciting the words of the Institution: In the night in which he gave himselfe for the life of the world.
1850 J. M. Neale Hist. Holy Eastern Church: Pt. 1 I. iii. v. 485 The true Eastern doctrine seems to be that there must be co-operation of the words of institution and of the invocation of the Holy Ghost, before the bread and wine become the Body and Blood of Christ.
1917 J. V. Bartlet & A. J. Carlyle Christianity in Hist. iii. vi. 442 The problem whether the body as given to the disciples at the Institution was passible..or impassible.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > [noun] > established order or system
institutionc1475
syntax1661
the world > relative properties > order > [noun] > putting in order > ordering or regulating
institutionc1475
settlement1646
ordering1732
c1475 Mankind (1969) 166 A best doth after hys naturall instytucyon.
1555 W. Waterman tr. Josephus in tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions sig. U.iijv The lawes then perteinyng to the institucion of our citie.
1564 T. Becon New Catech. in Catech. & Other Pieces (1844) 7 This book I commend unto you..as..necessary for the right institution of your life.
1638 W. Rawley tr. F. Bacon Hist. Nat. & Exper. Life & Death 122 Concerning his Manners, Institution of his Life..there is a generall Silence.
1676 tr. G. Guillet de Saint-Georges Acct. Voy. Athens 30 Calogers, which are Monks of the Institution of St. Basil.
1708 J. Swift Sentiments Church of Eng.-man ii, in Misc. (1711) 126 Few States are Ruined by any Defect in their Institution, but generally by the Corruption of Manners.
1822 P. B. Shelley Hellas Pref. p. ix But for Greece..we..might have arrived at such a stagnant and miserable state of social institution as China and Japan possess.
3. Establishment in a charge or position.
a. Ecclesiastical. In Episcopal churches, the establishment of a clergyman in the office of the cure of souls, by the bishop or his commissary.In the Church of England, the investment of the presentee to a living with the spiritual part of his benefice, which is followed by induction n., admitting to the possession of the temporalities of the benefice.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrament > order > induction > [noun]
inductingc1380
inductionc1380
institutionc1380
instituting1534
planting1649
settlement1723
stationing1735
c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 248 For institucion & induccion he schal ȝeue moche of þis god..to bischopis officers, archdekenes & officialis.
1549 H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie sig. Dii There is in thys realme..a greate syghte of laye men wel learned in the scriptures, and of vertuouse & Godly conuersation..let them haue institution, and gyue them the name of ye cleargye.
1687 W. Sherwin in J. R. Bloxham Magdalen Coll. & James II (1886) (modernized text) 225 [They] have had institutions to small Livings.
1708 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) Institution, is a Faculty made by the Ordinary, by which a Vicar or Rector is approved to be Inducted to a Rectory or Vicarage.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. xi. 390 The clerk so admitted is next to be instituted..which is a kind of investiture of the spiritual part of the benefice; for by institution the care of the souls of the parish is committed to the charge of the clerk.
1804–86 Bk. Common Prayer Episc. Church U.S., Instit. Ministers On the day designated for the new Incumbent's Institution, at the usual hour of Morning Prayer, the Bishop, or the Institutor appointed by him, attended by the new Incumbent, and by all the other Clergy present, shall enter the chancel.
a1832 A. Polson Eng. Law in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 806/1 The institution by the bishop enables the clerk..to enter into his parsonage-house and take his tithes or ecclesiastical dues; but previous to induction he cannot lease them.
b. Roman Law. The appointment of an heir.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > transfer of property > settlement of property > [noun] > appointment of heir
institution1880
1880 J. Muirhead tr. Ulpian Rules xxiv, in tr. Gaius Institutes 417 A man cannot legate until he has instituted an heir; for the force and power of the testament begins at the institution.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > teaching > [noun]
lore971
wissingc1000
wordloreOE
teachingc1175
kenningc1320
lering1377
learningc1380
disciplinea1382
doctrinec1384
ensignment1398
instruction?a1439
schoolc1449
schoolingc1449
document?a1500
instructing1516
entechmenta1522
institution1531
teachment1562
repasting1567
tuition1582
lessoning1583
tutoring1590
loring1596
tutorage1638
indoctrination1646
principling1649
tutorya1713
tutorhood1752
didactic1754
documenting1801
pupillizing1815
tutorizing1837
tutorization1842
tutelagea1856
coachmanship1873
preception1882
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xi. sig. Fij The lytell boke of the most excellent doctour Erasmus Roterodame..intituled the Institution of a christen prince.
1539 R. Taverner Garden of Wysdom sig. A.vv Nature..is a thynge of great myght and efficacye, but surely institution or bringynge vp, is moche myghtier.
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 313 The rider must first look to the institution and first instruction of his horsse.
1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero I. i. 10 As soon as he was capable of a more enlarged and liberal institution, his father brought him to Rome.
1791 H. More Estimate Relig. Fashionable World 72 To suppose that piety must be the natural and inevitable consequence of early institution.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > learning > study > subject or object of study > [noun] > rudiments
elements1382
ABCa1393
ground1528
introduction1532
principles1532
rudiments1534
institution1537
accidence1562
institute1578
alphabet1593
ut, re1598
gamut1600
Christ-cross-row1608
grammates1633
initiament1727
notion1839
propaedeutics1842
rudimentaries1852
society > communication > book > kind of book > textbook or book of instructions > [noun] > introductory
introductoryc1400
abecedary?a1475
institution1537
introduction1540
horn-book1609
ABC book1611
guide1617
initial1716
primer1722
prolegomenon1786
grammar1792
entrée1926
1537 T. Cranmer et al. (title) The Institvtion of a Christen man.
1544 (title) Instytutions or principall Groundes of the Lawes and Statutes of England.
1561 T. Norton (title) The Institution of Christian Religion, translated into Englysh according to the Authors last Edition.
1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 923 To compile certaine Institutions of Rhetoricke.
1610 J. Gawen tr. L. Trelcatius (title) Brief Institution of the Common Places of Sacred Divinitie.
1662 H. Stubbe Indian Nectar vii. 133 It is a part of Physical Institutions, and treated on by every English'd Institutionist.
1675 R. Allestree Art Contentm. Close 209 This short institution of the Art of Contentment.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Institutions Physical or Medicinal Institutions are such as teach the necessary Præcognita to the Practice of Medicine, or the Cure of Diseases.
1800 W. C. Brown (title) Institutions of the Practice of Medicine. Translated from the Latin of Burserius.
6.
a. An established law, custom, usage, practice, organization, or other element in the political or social life of a people; a regulative principle or convention subservient to the needs of an organized community or the general ends of civilization.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > [noun] > edict, decree, ordinance, or institute
doomc825
i-setnessec900
setnessc950
edict1297
statutec1300
purveyancea1325
assize1330
ordinancec1330
decreetc1374
constitutionc1380
decree?a1400
sizea1400
stablementc1400
edictionc1470
stablishment1473
ordinationc1499
estatutea1514
placarda1530
prescript1532
golden bull1537
rescript1545
institute1546
institution1551
constitutec1561
sanction1570
decretal1588
ordain1596
decretum1602
invention1639
scite1656
dispositive1677
bull1696
ordonnance1702
subnotation1839
senatus consultum1875
fatwa1989
society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [noun] > custom of a society or group
i-wunec888
thewc893
wise971
law of (the) landc1175
customa1200
wonec1200
tidingc1275
orderc1300
usancea1325
usagec1330
usea1393
guisea1400
spacec1400
stylec1430
rite1467
fashion1490
frequentation1525
institution1551
tradition1597
mode1642
shibboleth1804
dastur1888
praxis1892
society > society and the community > customs, values, and civilization > customs, values, or beliefs of a society or group > [noun] > an established custom or law
institute1546
institution1551
constitution1668
1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia ii. sig. Gviv Agreyng all together in one tonge, in lyke maners, institucions and lawes.
1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course i. f. 13v From them are come many good institutions, Lawes, maners, the art of gouernment.
1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 410 All Positive Institutions must give way to Moral Duties.
1736 Bp. J. Butler Analogy of Relig. ii. i. 146 A Society, distinguished..from the rest of the World, by peculiar religious Institutions.
1860 W. M. Thackeray Roundabout Papers xvii I am not going into the slavery question, I am not an advocate for ‘the institution’.
1871 R. W. Dale Ten Commandm. viii. 196 The institution of property is recognised and sanctioned by the authority of God.
1899 A. H. Sayce Early Israel vii. 269 The year of Jubilee was a Babylonian institution.
b. colloquial. Something having the fixity or importance of a social institution; a well-established or familiar practice or object.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > [noun] > accustomedness > familiarity with a thing > something very frequently used or familiar
institution1839
warhorse1860
part of the furniture1910
golden oldie1960
1839 Times 18 Feb. in Spirit Metrop. Conservative Press (1840) I. 53 Murder [in Ireland] has become an institution.
1853 W. M. Thackeray Eng. Humourists iv. 212 The pillory was a flourishing..institution in those days.
1861 T. Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. I. i. 16 A great institution of the college..is the buttery-hatch.
1870 M. Bridgman Robert Lynne I. xviii. 307 The postman was almost as much an institution at Hampton as the tower-clock.
1899 Westm. Gaz. 3 Jan. 3/1 He is..one of the ‘institutions’ of the place.
7.
a. An establishment, organization, or association, instituted for the promotion of some object, esp. one of public or general utility, religious, charitable, educational, etc., e.g. a church, school, college, hospital, asylum, reformatory, mission, or the like; as a literary and philosophical institution, the Royal National Life-boat Institution, the Royal Masonic Benevolent Institution (instituted 1798), the Railway Benevolent Institution, etc. The name is also often applied to the building appropriated to the work of a benevolent or educational institution.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > types of association, society, or organization > [noun] > institution
foundation1548
institution1707
institute1829
establishment1832
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > types of building generally > [noun] > building devoted to charitable object
charity-house1758
institution1792
cottage home1797
institute1829
warehouse1970
1707 F. Atterbury Serm. St. Bridget's Church 14 'Tis not necessary to plead very earnestly in behalf of these Charities... These, of which you have had an account, are such Wise, such Rational, such Beneficial Institutions.
1764 S. Cooper (title) Definitions and Axioms relative to Charity, Charitable Institutions, and the Poor Laws.
1775 J. Adams in J. Adams & A. Adams Familiar Lett. (1876) 120 The institutions in New England for the support of religion, morals, and decency exceed any other.
1792 J. Latham (title) A Plan of a Charitable Institution intended to be established upon the Sea Coast, for the accommodation of Persons afflicted with such Diseases as are usually relieved by Sea Bathing.
1804 (title) The Manchester Guide; a brief Historical Description of the Towns of Manchester and Salford..the Charitable and Literary Institutions.
1817 G. Canning in Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 323 We owed it to our system of public schools and universities. From these institutions was derived..‘a due supply of men, fitted to serve their country, both in church and state’.
1864 Times 24 Dec. The individual Institutions..endowed and voluntary, for every imaginable condition of want or distress.
1878 W. S. Jevons Polit. Econ. i. 9 He may establish useful public institutions, such as free public libraries, museums, public parks, etc.
1900 N.E.D. at Institution Mod. Newspr., The testator leaves £10,000 in charitable legacies to various institutions.
b. Often occurring, like institute n.1, in the designations of societies or associations for the advancement of literature, science, or art, of technical knowledge, or of special education.Such are the Royal Institution of Great Britain (incorporated 1800), the British Institution (1805), the London Institution (1806), the Plymouth Institution (1812), the Edinburgh Watt Institution and School of Arts (1821), the Liverpool Institution (1825); the Smithsonian Institution at Washington, U.S. (1830); the Institution of Civil Engineers (1818), Institution of Mechanical Engineers, of Gas Engineers, of Electrical Engineers, etc. Cf. institute n.1 4.
Compounds
attributive and in other combinations.
ΚΠ
1828 D. le Marchant Rep. Claims to Barony of Gardner 167 I had registered her on an institution-book which I superintended at the time.
1892 Daily News 19 July 3/5 Epileptics so far advanced in their affliction as to require institution care invariably suffer from varying grades of mental aberration.
1899 A. Clark Wood's Oxford III. 103 In the institution-rolls of the bishops of Lincoln.
1902 Daily Chron. 7 May 3/7 Institution life year after year is like pushing a stone uphill.
1905 Daily Chron. 27 Sept. 4/5 To any high-spirited woman, the tyranny of institution life must be almost unbearable.
1930 J. B. Priestley Angel Pavement v. 210 That institution atmosphere..was rather depressing.
1956 A. Wilson Anglo-Saxon Attitudes ii. i. 228 Larrie's an orphan, an institution boy who's been in a lot of trouble, he's had three convictions for petty thieving and he's been to an Approved School.
1960 I. Bennett Delinquent & Neurotic Children iv. 129 Failures in the socialization process..will occur more frequently among institution children.
1963 F. F. Laidler Gloss. Terms Home Econ. Educ. 48 Institution administration, carrying out the management of, or the executive duties concerned with institutions, e.g. Colleges, Hospitals, etc.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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