International Systemn.

Brit.

/ˌɪntəˈnaʃn̩(ə)l ˌsɪstᵻm/,

/ˌɪntəˈnaʃən(ə)l ˌsɪstᵻm/, U.S.

/ˌɪn(t)ərˈnæʃ(ə)nəl ˌsɪstəm/

Forms: also with lower-case initials.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: international adj., system n.

Etymology: < international adj. + system n. In sense 1b after French Système International (more fully Système International d'Unités): see Système International n.

1. More fully International System of Units.

a. An internationally agreed system of units of measurement, esp. electrical units; spec. one based on definitions of the ampere and the ohm agreed at an international conference held in London in 1908. Cf. international adj. 6. Now rare.The 1908 definitions were based on the electrical behaviour of certain physical systems (e.g. a column of mercury) under precisely defined conditions. The system was superseded by the SI (see sense 1b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > [noun] > a system or standard of measuring > other spec.

international1857

International System1864

centimetre-gram-second1875

foot-pound-second1877

DIN1932

SI1961

imperial1970

1864 Nat. Acad. Sci.: Rep. Operations 4 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (38th Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Misc. Doc. 91) III The discussions..were very strongly in favor of the adoption of the French metrical system, but more strongly, in fact unanimously, in favor of the effort to arrive at a thorough international system—a universal system of weights, measures, and coins, available for the general acceptance of all nations.

1870 Year-bk. Pharmacy & Proc. Brit. Pharmaceut. Conf. 276 It also affords no guarantee for the scientific uniformity required in the fundamental units of an international system.

1881 Telegr. Jrnl. & Electr. Rev. 15 Aug. 318/1 Unity in Electric Measurements.—The want of an international system has been strongly felt.

1908 Electr. Rev. 27 Mar. 538/1 The international system of units and its connection with the c.g.s. system.

1916 J. H. Dellinger (title) The international system of electrical and magnetic units.

1932 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 7th Ser. 14 292 The international system of units differs but little from the practical system, and the two may be taken as identical for the present purpose.

b. A system of physical units having as base units the metre, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, candela, and mole, with derived units defined in terms of these by a set of prefixes indicating multiplication or division by a power of ten; abbreviated SI (cf. Système International n. 2).The system is based on the metric system, but with refined definitions avoiding as far as possible reliance on a physical artefact as the defining object. Following the redefinition of the metre (see metre n.² 2) the only unit now relying on such a standard is the kilogram (see kilogram n. a).

ΚΠ

1958 Measurem. Techniques 1 237 The resolution of October 6, 1956 of the International Committee on Measures and Weights that this system be named ‘International System of Units’, was not reflected in the ISO recommendation.

1971 P. Vigoureux Units & Standards for Electromagn. ii. 11 The hour, the day and the year, so long established and in such common use, will undoubtedly outlive the International System.

1996 Amer. Scientist July 406/2 Units are consistently noted according to the International System, except for the occasional angstrom used for convenience.

2013 Times of India (Nexis) 25 Oct. The kilogram—the official unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI)—is the only one that still relies on a physical object for its definition.

2. Engineering. A system of dimensions and proportions for screw threads for screws and bolts of various sizes, based on metric units of measurement. Now chiefly historical.First proposed, as a system for standardizing screw threads across Europe, in 1898 at the Congrès international pour l'unification des filetages.

ΚΠ

1903 Michigan Technic 16 58 The standard thread in the International System (Systeme Internationale), adopted by the International Congress for the unifying of machine screw threads, held at Zurich, in October, 1898, resembles our own U. S. S. thread.

1920 Sci. Amer. Monthly Feb. 153/1 The principal difference between the French and the International Systems was in the pitch of the 8, 9, and 12 mm. screws.

2009 D. K. Lieu & S. A. Sorby Visualization, Modeling, & Graphics Engin. Design xvii. 6 The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has developed a single international system using metric screw threads.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	international system
释义	International Systemn. Brit. /ˌɪntəˈnaʃn̩(ə)l ˌsɪstᵻm/, /ˌɪntəˈnaʃən(ə)l ˌsɪstᵻm/, U.S. /ˌɪn(t)ərˈnæʃ(ə)nəl ˌsɪstəm/ Forms: also with lower-case initials. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: international adj., system n. Etymology: < international adj. + system n. In sense 1b after French Système International (more fully Système International d'Unités): see Système International n. 1. More fully International System of Units. a. An internationally agreed system of units of measurement, esp. electrical units; spec. one based on definitions of the ampere and the ohm agreed at an international conference held in London in 1908. Cf. international adj. 6. Now rare.The 1908 definitions were based on the electrical behaviour of certain physical systems (e.g. a column of mercury) under precisely defined conditions. The system was superseded by the SI (see sense 1b). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > [noun] > a system or standard of measuring > other spec. international1857 International System1864 centimetre-gram-second1875 foot-pound-second1877 DIN1932 SI1961 imperial1970 1864 Nat. Acad. Sci.: Rep. Operations 4 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (38th Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Misc. Doc. 91) III The discussions..were very strongly in favor of the adoption of the French metrical system, but more strongly, in fact unanimously, in favor of the effort to arrive at a thorough international system—a universal system of weights, measures, and coins, available for the general acceptance of all nations. 1870 Year-bk. Pharmacy & Proc. Brit. Pharmaceut. Conf. 276 It also affords no guarantee for the scientific uniformity required in the fundamental units of an international system. 1881 Telegr. Jrnl. & Electr. Rev. 15 Aug. 318/1 Unity in Electric Measurements.—The want of an international system has been strongly felt. 1908 Electr. Rev. 27 Mar. 538/1 The international system of units and its connection with the c.g.s. system. 1916 J. H. Dellinger (title) The international system of electrical and magnetic units. 1932 London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 7th Ser. 14 292 The international system of units differs but little from the practical system, and the two may be taken as identical for the present purpose. b. A system of physical units having as base units the metre, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, candela, and mole, with derived units defined in terms of these by a set of prefixes indicating multiplication or division by a power of ten; abbreviated SI (cf. Système International n. 2).The system is based on the metric system, but with refined definitions avoiding as far as possible reliance on a physical artefact as the defining object. Following the redefinition of the metre (see metre n.² 2) the only unit now relying on such a standard is the kilogram (see kilogram n. a). ΚΠ 1958 Measurem. Techniques 1 237 The resolution of October 6, 1956 of the International Committee on Measures and Weights that this system be named ‘International System of Units’, was not reflected in the ISO recommendation. 1971 P. Vigoureux Units & Standards for Electromagn. ii. 11 The hour, the day and the year, so long established and in such common use, will undoubtedly outlive the International System. 1996 Amer. Scientist July 406/2 Units are consistently noted according to the International System, except for the occasional angstrom used for convenience. 2013 Times of India (Nexis) 25 Oct. The kilogram—the official unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI)—is the only one that still relies on a physical object for its definition. 2. Engineering. A system of dimensions and proportions for screw threads for screws and bolts of various sizes, based on metric units of measurement. Now chiefly historical.First proposed, as a system for standardizing screw threads across Europe, in 1898 at the Congrès international pour l'unification des filetages. ΚΠ 1903 Michigan Technic 16 58 The standard thread in the International System (Systeme Internationale), adopted by the International Congress for the unifying of machine screw threads, held at Zurich, in October, 1898, resembles our own U. S. S. thread. 1920 Sci. Amer. Monthly Feb. 153/1 The principal difference between the French and the International Systems was in the pitch of the 8, 9, and 12 mm. screws. 2009 D. K. Lieu & S. A. Sorby Visualization, Modeling, & Graphics Engin. Design xvii. 6 The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has developed a single international system using metric screw threads. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2015; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1864
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