articulationn.
/ɑːˌtɪkjᵿˈleɪʃn/, U.S. /ɑrˌtɪkjəˈleɪʃ(ə)n/ I. Senses primarily anatomical or biological. † 4. A sprouting of shoots from a node of a stem. Obsolete. rare.The use may have arisen from a misreading of the passage in quot. 1665 at sense 3b.† 5. Botany and Zoology. Each of the segments of a jointed structure; the part contained between two joints in a limb, the stem of a plant, etc. Cf. articulus n. 2. Obsolete.
1. † b. concrete. A jointed structure or series. Cf. joint n.1 5. Obsolete. rare.
a. Anatomy and Zoology. Connection (of bones or skeletal segments) by a joint; the state of being jointed; a manner of jointing.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [noun] > state or action of being jointed or jointing
articulation?a1425
vertebration1888
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 9v Þe Articulacion [L. articulatio] of bones is comprehended in þe Circuite with ligamentz stronge & remisse.
1565 J. Hall Anat. 1st Treat. i. 2 in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. The fyrst maner called articulation is also farther deuided: fyrste into two sortes, as a priuie or hydde connexion (such as are sene in the bones of the sculle)..and a plaine conspicuous maner, as in the armes and hyppes.
1597 P. Lowe Whole Course Chirurg. vii. iii. sig. Bb3 Boanes are..ioyned..by articulation.
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 989 By this articulation both flexion and extention is made.
1685 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis (new ed.) i. iv. iii. 68 There can be no determination of these matters, without Inspection into the Muscules and the Articulation of the Bones.
1706 J. Savage tr. R. de Piles Art of Painting 231 Expressing exactly the Articulation of the Members.
1717 J. Drake Anthropologia Nova (ed. 2) II. iii. xvii. 364 That juncture, which is design'd for Motion, is call'd Arthrosis or Articulation.
1851 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 141 746 This tenon-and-mortise articulation of the metapophysis with the zygapophysis..is repeated throughout the whole lumbar series.
1881 St. G. Mivart Cat 65 Serves for the articulation of the lower jaw.
1935 Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 27 128 They are separated from the nerves of the sacral portion of the plexus by articulation of the os coxa with the sacrum.
2007 Organisms, Diversity & Evol. 7 47/2 Some taxa..show a tendency to reduce both size and degree of articulation of the basal segments.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [noun] > state or action of being jointed or jointing > a jointed structure
spondyle1658
articulation1867
1867 J. H. Burton Hist. Scotl. to 1688 I. iii. 89 An articulation of mountains.
c. In a man-made structure or mechanism: connection by a joint or joints, esp. in such a way as to permit movement; the state, or a manner, of being so jointed.
ΚΠ
1868 D. Campbell in Rep. Paris Universal Exhib. 1867 IV. lxiii. 517 The boiler is carried on two bogie frames, to which, by an ingenious system of articulation, a considerable amount of lateral play is permitted.
1940 T. H. White Ill-made Knight ii. 13 The proper length of weapons, or the cut of a mantling, or the articulation of a pauldron.
1976 J. Lukasiewicz Railway Game 76 The new French and Japanese fast trains use articulation.
2003 Outdoor Photographer May 60/2 Consider using a groundpod, a rigid platform to which you attach your tripod head so you have full articulation and locking capabilities from ground level.
2. Anatomy. Movement at a joint. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > [noun] > crooking or bending a joint
clitching1398
clightinga1430
articulation?1541
?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Fiv Without them [sc. muscles] it is nat possyble to make artyculacyon [Fr. articulation] or mouyng.
1931 E. Linklater Juan in Amer. 140 Her legs and thighs flew in all directions, as if the American hip and knee gave free articulation all round the circle.
3.
a. Anatomy and Zoology. A structure connecting two bones, or two segments of an invertebrate skeleton; a joint; esp. a joint that permits movement. Also: a point of close contact between two skeletal elements within a joint.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > joint > [noun]
lithc1000
jointc1290
jointure1382
conjunctionc1400
article?a1425
juncture?a1500
linka1547
articulation1578
flexion1607
coarticulation1615
de-articulation1615
syntax1615
internodium1653
saddle joint1867
the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > physical arrangement or condition > [noun] > articulated segment
articulation1578
1578 J. Banister Hist. Man iii. f. 42 v Besides the thyrd Ligament, there is yet another, which almost compasseth about the Articulation of the knee.
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 913 Almost euery articulation is cursted ouer with a gristle to make the motion more easie.
1675 G. Harvey Dis. of London iv. 27 Two Bones being tied together, that place where they meet is properly termed the Joynt, from being joyned together, or Juncture, or Articulation.
1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. viii. iv. 405 Many of them provided with the finest Articulations, and Foldings, for the Wings to be withdrawn, and neatly laid up in their Vaginæ and Cases.
1743 tr. L. Heister Gen. Syst. Surg. I. i. 106 Fractures near the Articulations.
1835 T. S. Smith Philos. Health I. v. 198 The union of the bones of the cranium affords an example of an immoveable articulation.
1949 H. Bailey Demonstr. Physical Signs Clin. Surg. (ed. 11) xiv. 138 The ‘rickety rosary’ is the term given to enlargement of the costochondral articulations in children suffering from rickets.
1965 J. D. Carthy Behaviour of Arthropods ii. 19 Many insects have such sensory areas on the articulation between the episternum and head.
1993 E. N. K. Clarkson Invertebr. Palaeontol. & Evol. (ed. 3) xi. 386/1 In eurypterids..joints are either hinges (with a single articulation) or pivots (with two articulations on opposite sides of the joint).
2007 Mobile Reg. (Alabama) (Nexis) 3 Feb. a2 The tumor started below the articulation of the scapula and humerus.
b. Botany. A node or joint of a stem; a place at which a leaf or other deciduous part is attached to a plant.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > stem or stalk > [noun] > joint or node
joint?1523
knuckle1626
internodium1653
genicle1657
articulation1658
geniculationa1776
nodus1832
node1835
1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 158 In the parts of plants which are not ordained for motion, we do not expect correspondent Articulations.
1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 117 Upon each of these sprigs, are, for the most part, eleven pair of leaves, neatly set into the uppermost part of the little sprig, exactly one against another, as it were in little articulations, such as Anatomists call Enarthrosis.
1742 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. Articulation (among Herbalists), the Jointure or Knots that are in stalks or roots.
1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 223 The petiole almost always having an articulation.
1874 R. Brown Man. Bot. ii. iii. 197 Endogenous plants..in which there is no distinct articulation.
1933 Brittonia 1 204 Sphyrospermum can be distinguished by..its slender cernuous pedicels which are swollen distally, joining the calyx without an articulation.
2007 S. Afr. Jrnl. Bot. 73 120/1 The length and density of leaves and the position of the articulation have been studied in detail.
c. In a man-made structure or mechanism: a joint or connection, esp. one which permits movement.
ΚΠ
1857 Mechanics' Mag. 25 Apr. 404/2 The improved life-boat may be shut up flat (like a pocket-book), by means of articulations or joints for stowage.
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 967/1 Gimbal-joint, a two part joint having articulations on axes at right angles to each other.
1980 Oil & Gas Jrnl. (Nexis) 5 May There are hydraulic or electrical jumpers at the various articulations between the ship and the arm, the arm and the buoy, and the buoy and the base structure.
2005 D. Collings Steel-concrete Composite Bridges v. 69 Flexible pier foundations were used to provide an articulation with multiple fixed bearings.
d. figurative. A conceptual relationship, interaction, or point of juncture, esp. between two things.
ΚΠ
1974 A. Béteille Peasant Stud. in Ess. in Compar. Sociol. ii. 29 The characteristic anthropological definition which, viewing peasants in opposition to tribals, emphasizes their articulation with the wider society and culture.
1989 Raritan 9 2 In Picasso how does the articulation between the degradation of erotic life and the levitation of art operate?
2004 Population 59 224 Success of prevention programmes depends on this articulation between individual and communal responses.
ΚΠ
1681 Table of Hard Words in S. Pordage tr. T. Willis Remaining Med. Wks. Articulation, a shooting of spriggs from the joynts.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > stem or stalk > [noun] > internode
joint1377
internode1659
internodium1664
articulation1765
merithal1849
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > [noun] > regions comprising segments > segment
articulation1765
segment1826
zoonite1838
somatome1856
somite1869
metamere1876
metamer1884
1765 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 55 255 Some of the rings were..divided into their constituent articulations, which in some places floated about single.
1792 W. Bartram Trav. N. & S. Carolina (new ed.) ii. v. 161 The whole [prickly pear] plant or tree seems to be formed of great oval compressed leaves or articulations.
1833 C. Lyell Elem. Geol. (1874) xix. 330 The numerous ‘articulations’ once composing the stem, arms and body of the encrinite were scattered at random.
1860 J. Samuelson Honey-bee ii. 17 Distinctly divided into what appear to be perfect rings or articulations.
1893 T. R. R. Stebbing Hist. Crustacea iv. 35 The ocular appendage, besides being articulated to the head, is itself composed of two or three articulations.
6. Dentistry. The contact made between the upper and lower teeth, esp. during movements of the jaw; the adjustment of the position of teeth, esp. artificial teeth, to achieve normal contact of this kind. Cf. articulator n. 4.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > dentistry > [noun] > other dental procedures
remineralization1828
reattachment1846
articulation1849
aurification1881
root work1903
apicectomy1914
spatulation1939
fluoridation1951
fluoridization1951
splintage1956
splinting1960
replant1969
1849 C. A. Harris Dict. Dental Sci. & Med. Terminol. 54/2 Articulation of Dental Substitutes, the adjustment and arrangement of one or more artificial teeth, so that it or they,..when placed in the mouth, shall sustain the same relationship to the organs with which they antagonize, when the jaws are closed, 'as did the natural teeth previously to their loss.
1882 C. Hunter Mech. Dentistry (ed. 2) vi. 75 The expression ‘close the mouth’, or ‘bring the side teeth together’, may therefore induce a more normal articulation.
1888 Amer. Jrnl. Dental Sci. 21 36 A uniform pressure on the gums in mastication and correct articulation of the teeth.
1907 Lancet 29 June 1800/1 The movements of the mandible, their relation to the production and treatment of abnormal articulation of the teeth and the articulation of artificial dentures.
1951 J. M. Schweitzer Oral Rehabilit. 94 How to orientate the teeth on an articulator; the elements of normal articulation; dental anatomy and its relation to the other factors of articulation.
2007 Amer. Jrnl. Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics 131 306/2 The clinical examination of a patient should begin with an overview of the face and smile,..concluding with an evaluation of occlusal function and a detailed analysis of the static articulation of the teeth.
II. Senses relating to speech or expression.
7.
a. The utterance of the distinct elements of speech; (Phonetics) the formation of speech sounds by the control of the air flow in the vocal tract by the vocal organs.
ΚΠ
1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits viii. 105 He [sc. Aristotle] prooueth that if a man be borne deaffe, it followes of necessitie that he be also dumbe, for he cannot heare from another, the articulation [It. articolation; Sp. articulacion] of the names.
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 629 The Tongue..is the very organ of Articulation.
1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §194 Overgreat distance confoundeth the articulation of sounds.
1693 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 852 Though the muscles of the Os hyoides, or Tongue-bone, the Tongue, the Larynx, and Pharynx, which especially serve for the Articulation of the Voice, be in Apes altogether like to those of a Man..yet is the Ape deprived of Speech.
1733 G. Douglas tr. J. B. Winslow Anat. Expos. Struct. Human Body I. i. 45 The Teeth, especially the Incisors, contribute likewise to the Articulation of Sounds.
1773 Ld. Monboddo Orig. & Progress of Lang. (1774) I. i. xv. 184 Articulation is not natural to man.
a1834 S. T. Coleridge Lit. Remains (1836) I. 216 Man communicates by articulation of sounds, and paramountly by the memory in the ear.
1881 Whitney in Proc. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 22 Articulation is virtually syllabication,—a breaking of the stream of utterance into joints, by the intervention of closer utterances or consonants..between the opener utterances or vowels.
1931 Musical Times Jan. 18/2 The simplest act of speech involves the co-ordination of three very complicated sets of muscles: those of inspiration and expiration; those of phonation (the intra- and extra-laryngeal muscles); and those of articulation.
1966 College Eng. 27 609/2 The phoneme is the unit which carries contrast of articulation.
2000 Sunday Times Mag. 23 July 48/2 Broca's area [of the brain]..acts as a kind of musical conductor, orchestrating the recognition, comprehension and ready articulation of words.
b. Music. The separation of successive notes from one another, individually or in groups, esp. regarded as an aspect of a performer's technique or interpretation; the manner in which this is done. Also: the capacity of an instrument to produce this effect.
ΚΠ
1870 Musical Times 14 642/2 The articulation is fully equal to that of the Piano.
1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 138/1 Double-tongueing, a peculiar action..to ensure a brilliant and spirited articulation of staccato notes.
1921 J. Huneker Chopin vi. 155 Playing the entire composition with a wrist stroke is advisable. It will secure clear articulation, staccato and finger-memory.
1962 Listener 13 Sept. 409/2 One cannot imagine a performance more remarkable for attack, verve, clarity of articulation, and gradations of tone colour.
2001 Times 4 Apr. ii. 20/6 The Akademie sweep one along with..the variety and subtlety of their phrasing, the immediacy of their articulation.
2007 Down Beat (Electronic ed.) Jan. 93 The wood-ringed barrels vibrate freely, providing a warm, resonant response with excellent articulation.
8. The quality of being articulate in speech or expression; clarity, distinctness. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > [noun] > individuality or distinctness
severaltyc1449
severality1664
articulation1665
distinctness1668
distinctivenessa1680
distinctitya1834
distinctivity1836
distinguishableness1893
1665 G. Havers & J. Davies tr. Another Coll. Philos. Conf. French Virtuosi ccxxi. 459 At three times seven [months] his Tongue is so far loos'd, that he speaks with some Articulation.
c1785 W. Cowper Needless Alarm 68 The looks and gestures of their griefs and fears Have all articulation in his ears.
a1834 S. T. Coleridge Lit. Remains (1836) II. 10 That definiteness and articulation of imagery.
1871 Jrnl. Speculative Philos. July 240 No other philosopher of modern times has bequeathed such a complete Nature-Philosophy, with such distinct articulation.
1907 Electr. World 30 Nov. 1034/1 The Audion receiver, especially in its latest form in which the antenna is joined to an isolated grid interposed between a tantalum filament and a platinum wing, gives perfect ‘articulation’.
9. Chiefly Phonetics.
a. The action of controlling the air flow in the vocal tract by the vocal organs to produce speech or other sounds. Also: the result of this, a speech sound; (formerly) spec. †a consonant (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > [noun]
voicec1300
sound1385
pronouncingc1430
pronunciation?a1475
articulation1669
phonea1866
vocalism1873
phoneme1894
phone-type1957
the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > consonant > [noun]
consonant1603
mutable1767
articulation1849
supradental1881
contoid1943
non-vocoid1943
1669 W. Holder Elem. Speech 11 The Letters, as they have their natural Production by the several checks or stops, or (as they are usually called) Articulations of the Breath or Voice in their passage from the Larynx through the Mouth or Nose, made by the instruments of Speech.
1732 H. Baker & J. Miller tr. Molière Cit turn'd Gentleman ii. vi. 53 in Sel. Comedies II Letters are divided into Vowels, call'd Vowels, because they express the Voice: and into Consonants, so call'd, because they sound with the Vowels, and only mark the different Articulations of the Voice.
1764 T. Reid Inq. Human Mind iv. §2 The articulations of the voice seem to be of all signs the most proper for artificial language.
1849 A. M. Bell New Elucidation Princ. Speech & Elocution 39 All actions of the vocal organs which partially or wholly obstruct or which compress the breath or voice, are called articulations.
1852 A. M. Bell Elocutionary Man. (ed. 2) 42 The oral actions here denominated ‘articulations’ have been more commonly called ‘consonants’.
1903 Mod. Lang. Notes 18 147 The organs that work together to form the articulations of that language will be worth much more than a subjective auditory impression.
1948 Bull. School Oriental & Afr. Stud. 12 859 Palatograms are not much use for any velar articulation, but throw light on many articulations forward of the soft palate.
2006 Forward (Nexis) 1 Dec. b 4 No additional letters were introduced to represent the new spirantized consonants, so the same letter now had double duty for both a plosive and a fricative articulation.
b. point (also place) of articulation: the position in the mouth at which obstruction of the air passage takes place in the production of a consonant.
ΚΠ
1848 K. A. Bailey Pract. Expos. Phonogr. 47 The ear is affected by the abrupt cessation of sound, and by a peculiar inflection of the sound of a, which is caused by the drawing together of the lips, it perceives the point of articulation aimed at.
1889 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 13 cccvii Emphatics, has its proper point of articulation so deep, that I cannot succeed in the attempt to combine it with the glottal catch.
1937 Language 13 139 In Chinook we have changes from sonants to glottalized sounds to express diminutives and also changes in the place of articulation of palatal affricatives.
1992 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 37 22 Changes from the labial to a palatal or dental articulation..are rare and from velar to palatal or dental place of articulation are usually associated with spirantization.
2001 J. Bybee Phonol. & Lang. Use (2003) iv. 84 Not only does the degree of constriction change.., but so does the point of articulation.
c. manner (also mode) of articulation: the way in which the passage of air is altered by speech organs in order to produce a vocal sound.
ΚΠ
1871 Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. 9 465/1 Spirants..mode of articulation.
1912 Amer. Jrnl. Phonol. 33 197 Comparative phonology takes account of changes of the mode of articulation, which comprises differences between voiced and voiceless consonants.
1933 L. Bloomfield Lang. viii. 130 Syllabicity determined also by manner of articulation.
1991 Internat. Rev. Appl. Ling. in Lang. Teaching 29 322 The consonants might also be confused when they differ in the point of articulation as long as they are identical in the manner of articulation.
2004 Nat. Lang. & Ling. Theory 22 192 The co-occurrence of coronal consonants depends on their manner of articulation.
10. The faculty or power of speaking, speech; the expression of thoughts by articulate sounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > [noun] > utterance of vocal sound
soundinga1387
utterancec1456
prelationa1525
elocution1623
vocification?1632
articulation1677
voicing1822
vocalization1828
voicing1831
phonation1842
phonesis1856
1677 J. Webster Displaying Supposed Witchcraft vii. 147 Where there is no motion, there can be no alteration, and consequently no speech nor articulation at all.
a1711 T. Ken Anodynes in Wks. (1721) III. 418 My Spirit intercepts my Cries, E're they t'articulation rise.
1796 F. Burney Camilla II. iii. xiii. 261 Whose resentment was so violent at this liberty, that it was still some minutes before he could give it articulation.
1843 T. Carlyle Past & Present ii. xvii. 176 Men had not a hammer to begin with, not a syllabled articulation.
1855 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Aeneid iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. I. 311 And to my jaws articulation clave.
1922 Michigan Law Rev. 20 797 The declarant has been without the power of articulation.
1956 A. J. Cronin Crusader's Tomb 150 ‘Let me stay.’ Again that fearful problem of articulation. ‘I can't go on.’
1994 T. Clark Junkets on Sad Planet iv Tongueless Philomel..can not utter her ravisher's name because he has stolen away her articulation.
11. The manifestation, demonstration, or expression of something immaterial or abstract, such as an emotion or idea; an instance of this.
ΚΠ
1846 J. Hamilton in Christian Treasury 541 [Jesus] is the articulation of Jehovah's mind. He is the Word of God.
1863 P. Fairbairn tr. I. A. Dorner Hist. Devel. Doctr. Person Christ 2nd Division III. 127 History is..merely the real articulation of the same conception whose ideal, logical articulation is contained in philosophy.
1922 J. A. Leighton Man & Cosmos xxviii. 384 All aspects of the self share in the generalization and articulation of character effected by interpersonal intercourse.
1960 Polit. Sci. Q. 75 19 For the moderately conservative in spirit,..a vigorous articulation of their viewpoint was offered.
2005 Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch (Nexis) 16 July 1 f Their [sc. the books'] value might..lie..in their author's understanding and articulation of such a universally human theme.
2011 Notes & Queries Sept. 456/1 Tensions between conventional expectations of religious and feminine humility and more individually modulated articulations of faith within domestic contexts.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.?a1425