Indo-Europeanadj.n.

Etymology: < Indo- comb. form¹ + European adj. and n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˌIndo-Euroˈpean.

A. adj.

a. Common to India and Europe; applied to the great family or class of cognate languages (also called Indo-Germanic adj. and Aryan adj. and n.) spoken over the greater part of Europe and extending into Asia as far as northern India, and to the race or its divisions characterized by the use of one or other of these languages.The earliest name for this family of languages, and, both from priority of date and superior fitness of expression, having greater claims than Indo-Germanic adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > Aryan > [adjective]

Japhetiana1638

Japhetic1710

Japhetan1764

Indo-European1814

Aryan1843

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European

Indo-European1814

Indo-German1826

Indo-Germanic1835

Aryan1839

Iranian1848

Indo-Teutonic1850

Kurdish1933

1814 Dr. T. Young Adelung's Mithridates in Q. Rev. 10 255 Another ancient and extensive class of languages, united by a greater number of resemblances than can well be altogether accidental, may be denominated the Indo~european, comprehending the Indian, the West Asiatic, and almost all the European languages.

1814 Dr. T. Young in Q. Rev. 10 256 Classes and Families..II. Indoeuropean: Sanscrit, Median, Arabian, Greek, German, Celtic, Latin, Cantabrian, Sclavic.

1815 T. D. Whitaker in Q. Rev. 14 97 (Hermes Scythicus) Of the five classes which we denominated Monosyllabic, Indoeuropean, Tataric, African, and American, the first two only are to be considered as constituted according to correct philological principles.

1826 J. C. Prichard Res. Physical Hist. Mankind (ed. 2) II. v. i. 491 By some the term of Indo-European, by others that of Indo-German dialects, has been applied to the whole class of idioms which are found to be thus allied. The former of these terms is preferable to the latter, and indeed to any other, as being the most general.

1831 J. C. Prichard Eastern Origin Celtic Nations 20 Adelung and Murray have regarded the Celtic as a branch of the Indo-European stock.

1841 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. i. 3 That the Celtic languages were Indo-European has lately been demonstrated by Dr. Prichard.

1871 R. Morris Hist. Outl. Eng. Accidence (1873) 6 The Indo-European family comprehends nearly all the languages of Europe, and all those Indian dialects which have sprung from the old Hindu language (Sanskrit).

1877 T. L. Papillon Man. Compar. Philol. (ed. 2) 12 The original home of the Indo-European or Aryan nations.

1877 T. L. Papillon Man. Compar. Philol. (ed. 2) 12 The position of an Indo-European people.

1884 J. Rhŷs Celtic Brit. 1 The great group of nations which has been variously called Aryan, Indo-European, Indo-Germanic, Indo-Celtic, and Japhetic.

b. Pertaining or belonging to the Indo-European family of languages or peoples, as Indo-European root, Indo-philology, Indo-culture, etc.

B. n.

1. A member of the Indo-European race; an Aryan.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > Aryan > [noun]

Arya1794

Aryan1849

Indo-European1871

1871 R. Morris Hist. Outl. Eng. Accidence 10 The language of the primitive Indo-Europeans had its local varieties or dialects.

2. An Indianized European. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of India > [noun] > native or inhabitant of India > European

Indian1751

Anglo-Indian1805

Indo-European1825

Hindu1830

Indo-Briton1831

sahib-log1848

1825 R. Heber Jrnl. 13 Jan. in Narr. Journey Upper Provinces India (1828) I. xx. 590 One of these Indo-Europeans is an old Colonel of French extraction, but completely Indian in colour, dress, language, and ideas.

Derivatives

ˌIndo-Euroˈpeanist n. a person who studies the Indo-European family of languages.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > student of Indo-European

Indo-Germanist1889

Indo-Europeanist1927

1927 Mod. Philol. Nov. 217 This fallacy was possible because most Indo-Europeanists spoke a Germanic language and knew Latin and Greek from school and Sanskrit from grammars ultimately based on Panini.

1951 Archivum Linguisticum 3 114 Both Sapir and Bloomfield—who are at present usually identified with work in exotic languages—began as Indo-Europeanists.

1969 Language 45 249 The weight of this evidence seems to have persuaded a majority of Indo-Europeanists that Sievers-Edgerton's Law is a valid hypothesis.

Draft additions 1993

(a) Also Primitive Indo-European. The hypothetical parent language or group of dialects from which the Indo-European languages derive; = proto-Indo-European n. and adj. (b) The Indo-European family of languages; Indo-European languages collective.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European

Aryanism1850

Aryan1851

Indo-European1871

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > proto-Indo-European

Aryan1851

Indo-European1871

proto-Indo-European1916

1871 F. A. March Compar. Gram. Anglo-Saxon Lang. 3 (caption) Indo-European. Parent speech.

1875 W. D. Whitney Life & Growth of Lang. xii. 251 The scale of dialectic difference is much less in Semitic than in Indo-European.

1933 L. Bloomfield Lang. xviii. 307 Even languages which have reshaped our word..give some evidence as to the structure of the word in Primitive Indo-European.

1959 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 505/2 Earlier scholars regarding original Indo-European simply as a more archaic form of Sanskrit..conceived of the mother Indo-European tongue as consisting solely of such roots.

1964 S. K. Chatterji in D. Abercrombie et al. Daniel Jones 407 Primitive Indo-European, as it had evolved out of the earlier primitive Indo-Hittite.

1973 Word 1966 22 303 Standard reference works on Indo-European generally list three basic types of reduplication.

1987 M. Ruhlen Guide World's Langs. I. vii. 253 A related error involves the comparison of one family with only part of another family. Thus, for example, Indo-European is still sometimes compared directly with Semitic.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	indo-european
释义	Indo-Europeanadj.n. Etymology: < Indo- comb. form¹ + European adj. and n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˌIndo-Euroˈpean. A. adj. a. Common to India and Europe; applied to the great family or class of cognate languages (also called Indo-Germanic adj. and Aryan adj. and n.) spoken over the greater part of Europe and extending into Asia as far as northern India, and to the race or its divisions characterized by the use of one or other of these languages.The earliest name for this family of languages, and, both from priority of date and superior fitness of expression, having greater claims than Indo-Germanic adj. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > Aryan > [adjective] Japhetiana1638 Japhetic1710 Japhetan1764 Indo-European1814 Aryan1843 the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European Indo-European1814 Indo-German1826 Indo-Germanic1835 Aryan1839 Iranian1848 Indo-Teutonic1850 Kurdish1933 1814 Dr. T. Young Adelung's Mithridates in Q. Rev. 10 255 Another ancient and extensive class of languages, united by a greater number of resemblances than can well be altogether accidental, may be denominated the Indo~european, comprehending the Indian, the West Asiatic, and almost all the European languages. 1814 Dr. T. Young in Q. Rev. 10 256 Classes and Families..II. Indoeuropean: Sanscrit, Median, Arabian, Greek, German, Celtic, Latin, Cantabrian, Sclavic. 1815 T. D. Whitaker in Q. Rev. 14 97 (Hermes Scythicus) Of the five classes which we denominated Monosyllabic, Indoeuropean, Tataric, African, and American, the first two only are to be considered as constituted according to correct philological principles. 1826 J. C. Prichard Res. Physical Hist. Mankind (ed. 2) II. v. i. 491 By some the term of Indo-European, by others that of Indo-German dialects, has been applied to the whole class of idioms which are found to be thus allied. The former of these terms is preferable to the latter, and indeed to any other, as being the most general. 1831 J. C. Prichard Eastern Origin Celtic Nations 20 Adelung and Murray have regarded the Celtic as a branch of the Indo-European stock. 1841 R. G. Latham Eng. Lang. i. 3 That the Celtic languages were Indo-European has lately been demonstrated by Dr. Prichard. 1871 R. Morris Hist. Outl. Eng. Accidence (1873) 6 The Indo-European family comprehends nearly all the languages of Europe, and all those Indian dialects which have sprung from the old Hindu language (Sanskrit). 1877 T. L. Papillon Man. Compar. Philol. (ed. 2) 12 The original home of the Indo-European or Aryan nations. 1877 T. L. Papillon Man. Compar. Philol. (ed. 2) 12 The position of an Indo-European people. 1884 J. Rhŷs Celtic Brit. 1 The great group of nations which has been variously called Aryan, Indo-European, Indo-Germanic, Indo-Celtic, and Japhetic. b. Pertaining or belonging to the Indo-European family of languages or peoples, as Indo-European root, Indo-philology, Indo-culture, etc. B. n. 1. A member of the Indo-European race; an Aryan. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > Aryan > [noun] Arya1794 Aryan1849 Indo-European1871 1871 R. Morris Hist. Outl. Eng. Accidence 10 The language of the primitive Indo-Europeans had its local varieties or dialects. 2. An Indianized European. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of India > [noun] > native or inhabitant of India > European Indian1751 Anglo-Indian1805 Indo-European1825 Hindu1830 Indo-Briton1831 sahib-log1848 1825 R. Heber Jrnl. 13 Jan. in Narr. Journey Upper Provinces India (1828) I. xx. 590 One of these Indo-Europeans is an old Colonel of French extraction, but completely Indian in colour, dress, language, and ideas. Derivatives ˌIndo-Euroˈpeanist n. a person who studies the Indo-European family of languages. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > student of Indo-European Indo-Germanist1889 Indo-Europeanist1927 1927 Mod. Philol. Nov. 217 This fallacy was possible because most Indo-Europeanists spoke a Germanic language and knew Latin and Greek from school and Sanskrit from grammars ultimately based on Panini. 1951 Archivum Linguisticum 3 114 Both Sapir and Bloomfield—who are at present usually identified with work in exotic languages—began as Indo-Europeanists. 1969 Language 45 249 The weight of this evidence seems to have persuaded a majority of Indo-Europeanists that Sievers-Edgerton's Law is a valid hypothesis. Draft additions 1993 (a) Also Primitive Indo-European. The hypothetical parent language or group of dialects from which the Indo-European languages derive; = proto-Indo-European n. and adj. (b) The Indo-European family of languages; Indo-European languages collective. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European Aryanism1850 Aryan1851 Indo-European1871 the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > proto-Indo-European Aryan1851 Indo-European1871 proto-Indo-European1916 1871 F. A. March Compar. Gram. Anglo-Saxon Lang. 3 (caption) Indo-European. Parent speech. 1875 W. D. Whitney Life & Growth of Lang. xii. 251 The scale of dialectic difference is much less in Semitic than in Indo-European. 1933 L. Bloomfield Lang. xviii. 307 Even languages which have reshaped our word..give some evidence as to the structure of the word in Primitive Indo-European. 1959 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 505/2 Earlier scholars regarding original Indo-European simply as a more archaic form of Sanskrit..conceived of the mother Indo-European tongue as consisting solely of such roots. 1964 S. K. Chatterji in D. Abercrombie et al. Daniel Jones 407 Primitive Indo-European, as it had evolved out of the earlier primitive Indo-Hittite. 1973 Word 1966 22 303 Standard reference works on Indo-European generally list three basic types of reduplication. 1987 M. Ruhlen Guide World's Langs. I. vii. 253 A related error involves the comparison of one family with only part of another family. Thus, for example, Indo-European is still sometimes compared directly with Semitic. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < adj.n.1814
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