artesiann.adj.

Brit.

/ɑːˈtiːzɪən/,

/ɑːˈtiːʒn/, U.S.

/ɑrˈtiʒ(ə)n/

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French artésien.

Etymology: < French artésien of or relating to Artois (13th cent. in Old French) < post-classical Latin artesiensis (12th cent.), alteration of classical Latin atrabatēnsis , atrebatēnsis < the name of the Atrebatēs (also Atrabatēs ), a people of ancient Gaul (recorded from the 1st cent. b.c.) + -ēnsis (see -ese suffix). With sense B. 2 compare French artésien (1818 in puits artésien artesian well); this technique was employed in Artois from the medieval period onwards, although the adjective is apparently recorded earlier in this sense in English than in French.Artois has been recognized as part of France since 1659. Before its annexation by the French during the Thirty Years War it formed part of the Spanish Netherlands. Between the 9th and 16th centuries it had changed hands on numerous occasions.

A. n.

With capital initial. A native or inhabitant of the former province of Artois in France. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > French nation > [noun] > native or inhabitant of France > parts of

Normanc1275

Picardc1330

Gascona1387

Britonerc1390

Bretona1400

Normanda1400

Poitevin1483

Angevin1511

Navarrois1523

Savoyan1583

Armorican1593

Savoyard1595

meridional1605

Picardin1616

artesian1629

Biscayana1640

Limousin1653

Lyonnais1653

Languedocian1658

Biscayner1664

Navarrese1686

Provençale1730

Lorrainer1743

Navarran1770

Vendean1796

Tourangeau1883

Tourangeois1958

1629 T. Browne tr. W. Camden Hist. Elizabeth iv. 136 Whether that the monies borrowed of Pallaicine at vse, should not as well be exacted of the Brabanders, and the Flemmings, and Artesians, since that agreement was made when they were confederates too.

1754 tr. J. B. L. Crevier Rom. Hist. (ed. 2) XII. 376 He [sc. Caesar] answered the Deputies of the Barbarians graciously, and sent them back to their country, accompanied by Comius the Artesian.

1794 C. Stedman Hist. Amer. War II. xl. 335 The French commodore..cut his cable and followed the Artesian.

1899 G. W. Kitchin Hist. France (rev. ed.) I. vi. 552 She was dragged from her horse, and captured by..the Bastard of Wandomme, an Artesian.

1991 Amer. Hist. Rev. 96 33 Flanders' location afforded access to the interior markets of the Low Countries, access attractive to Artesians.

B. adj.

1. With capital initial. Of or relating to Artois. Now historical.

ΚΠ

1683 J. Bulteel tr. F. E. de Mézeray Gen. Chronol. Hist. France 374 He yielded himself up into the hands of John de Morebeque an Artesian Gentleman.

1842 W. K. Kelly tr. J. H. M. D'Aubigné Hist. Reformation (ed. 2) I. iii. xiv. 410/1 The Artesian gentleman, a man of more decision of character than either of his two masters.

1865 M. L. Booth tr. H. Martin Hist. France vi. 435 Fifteen thousand men, detached from the army of Flanders and the garrisons of Artois.., moved on Aire, one of the two Artesian places which remained to the Spaniards.

1940 E. Orczy Mam'zelle Guillotine xxvi. 244 Yes, the worthy Artesian farmers nodded sagely, that was what happened to traitors who conspired against the Republic.

2004 C. Tilly Contention & Democracy in Europe iv. 112 Before the Revolution, Artesian nobles and churchmen held a little over half of all land as against a third for peasants.

2. Relating to or involving an artesian well; (of water) obtained from an artesian well; (of a spring) behaving as a natural artesian well.In quot. 1901 part of the proper name of a geographical feature in Australia.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [adjective] > well > types of

wall-tiding1636

artesian1801

1801 Jrnl. Nat. Philos. Feb. 481 That department of hydraulics which relates to springs, wells, and fountains, who obtained the desired effect by an happy application of the artesian process.

1847 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 7) I. 741 .It has also been shown by artesian borings at Calcutta..that the delta once extended much farther than now into the gulf.

1897 Westm. Gaz. 21 Apr. 8/2 A very large part of the interior of Western Australia is wholly unfitted for the purposes of human habitation. Its appearance may ultimately be changed by the discovery of artesian water.

1901 E. F. Pittman Mineral Resources New S. Wales 466 An account of the Artesian basin would be incomplete without a reference to the peculiar occurrences known as Mud Springs.

1939 Nature 12 Aug. 274/2 The limestones are important aquifers for artesian and subartesian water.

1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. i. 156 The bays originated as artesian springs, which tended to migrate inland up-dip.

2002 G. M. Eberhart Mysterious Creatures II. 648/2 Translucent, red-finned fish discovered in artesian springs near Aramac, Queensland, Australia, in 1990.

Compounds

artesian well n. a well bored perpendicularly into water-bearing strata lying at an angle, so that natural pressure gives rise to a constant supply of water with little or no pumping; also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > well

water piteOE

wellOE

pitOE

pulkc1300

draw-wellc1410

draught-wellc1440

winchc1440

brine-well1594

salt spring1601

sump1680

pump well1699

spout-well1710

sump hole1754

pit-well1756

sink1804

bucket-well1813

artesian well1829

shallow well1877

dip-well1894

garland-well1897

village pump1925

1829 Times 27 Mar. 3/5 An Artesian well has been bored in the Duke of Northumberland's grounds, at Sion.

1841 R. W. Emerson Misc. 160 Here comes by a great inquisitor with auger and plumb-line, and will bore an Artesian well through our conventions and theories, and pierce to the core of things.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 33 The fountains in Trafalgar Square are fed with water from an Artesian well.

1992 D. Morgan Rising in West ii. vi. 103 Long-staple Acala cotton was about to be introduced, and more powerful pumps and artesian wells would soon inaugurate the era of large-scale irrigated farming.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	artesian
释义	artesiann.adj. Brit. /ɑːˈtiːzɪən/, /ɑːˈtiːʒn/, U.S. /ɑrˈtiʒ(ə)n/ Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French artésien. Etymology: < French artésien of or relating to Artois (13th cent. in Old French) < post-classical Latin artesiensis (12th cent.), alteration of classical Latin atrabatēnsis , atrebatēnsis < the name of the Atrebatēs (also Atrabatēs ), a people of ancient Gaul (recorded from the 1st cent. b.c.) + -ēnsis (see -ese suffix). With sense B. 2 compare French artésien (1818 in puits artésien artesian well); this technique was employed in Artois from the medieval period onwards, although the adjective is apparently recorded earlier in this sense in English than in French.Artois has been recognized as part of France since 1659. Before its annexation by the French during the Thirty Years War it formed part of the Spanish Netherlands. Between the 9th and 16th centuries it had changed hands on numerous occasions. A. n. With capital initial. A native or inhabitant of the former province of Artois in France. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > French nation > [noun] > native or inhabitant of France > parts of Normanc1275 Picardc1330 Gascona1387 Britonerc1390 Bretona1400 Normanda1400 Poitevin1483 Angevin1511 Navarrois1523 Savoyan1583 Armorican1593 Savoyard1595 meridional1605 Picardin1616 artesian1629 Biscayana1640 Limousin1653 Lyonnais1653 Languedocian1658 Biscayner1664 Navarrese1686 Provençale1730 Lorrainer1743 Navarran1770 Vendean1796 Tourangeau1883 Tourangeois1958 1629 T. Browne tr. W. Camden Hist. Elizabeth iv. 136 Whether that the monies borrowed of Pallaicine at vse, should not as well be exacted of the Brabanders, and the Flemmings, and Artesians, since that agreement was made when they were confederates too. 1754 tr. J. B. L. Crevier Rom. Hist. (ed. 2) XII. 376 He [sc. Caesar] answered the Deputies of the Barbarians graciously, and sent them back to their country, accompanied by Comius the Artesian. 1794 C. Stedman Hist. Amer. War II. xl. 335 The French commodore..cut his cable and followed the Artesian. 1899 G. W. Kitchin Hist. France (rev. ed.) I. vi. 552 She was dragged from her horse, and captured by..the Bastard of Wandomme, an Artesian. 1991 Amer. Hist. Rev. 96 33 Flanders' location afforded access to the interior markets of the Low Countries, access attractive to Artesians. B. adj. 1. With capital initial. Of or relating to Artois. Now historical. ΚΠ 1683 J. Bulteel tr. F. E. de Mézeray Gen. Chronol. Hist. France 374 He yielded himself up into the hands of John de Morebeque an Artesian Gentleman. 1842 W. K. Kelly tr. J. H. M. D'Aubigné Hist. Reformation (ed. 2) I. iii. xiv. 410/1 The Artesian gentleman, a man of more decision of character than either of his two masters. 1865 M. L. Booth tr. H. Martin Hist. France vi. 435 Fifteen thousand men, detached from the army of Flanders and the garrisons of Artois.., moved on Aire, one of the two Artesian places which remained to the Spaniards. 1940 E. Orczy Mam'zelle Guillotine xxvi. 244 Yes, the worthy Artesian farmers nodded sagely, that was what happened to traitors who conspired against the Republic. 2004 C. Tilly Contention & Democracy in Europe iv. 112 Before the Revolution, Artesian nobles and churchmen held a little over half of all land as against a third for peasants. 2. Relating to or involving an artesian well; (of water) obtained from an artesian well; (of a spring) behaving as a natural artesian well.In quot. 1901 part of the proper name of a geographical feature in Australia. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [adjective] > well > types of wall-tiding1636 artesian1801 1801 Jrnl. Nat. Philos. Feb. 481 That department of hydraulics which relates to springs, wells, and fountains, who obtained the desired effect by an happy application of the artesian process. 1847 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 7) I. 741 .It has also been shown by artesian borings at Calcutta..that the delta once extended much farther than now into the gulf. 1897 Westm. Gaz. 21 Apr. 8/2 A very large part of the interior of Western Australia is wholly unfitted for the purposes of human habitation. Its appearance may ultimately be changed by the discovery of artesian water. 1901 E. F. Pittman Mineral Resources New S. Wales 466 An account of the Artesian basin would be incomplete without a reference to the peculiar occurrences known as Mud Springs. 1939 Nature 12 Aug. 274/2 The limestones are important aquifers for artesian and subartesian water. 1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. i. 156 The bays originated as artesian springs, which tended to migrate inland up-dip. 2002 G. M. Eberhart Mysterious Creatures II. 648/2 Translucent, red-finned fish discovered in artesian springs near Aramac, Queensland, Australia, in 1990. Compounds artesian well n. a well bored perpendicularly into water-bearing strata lying at an angle, so that natural pressure gives rise to a constant supply of water with little or no pumping; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > lake > pool > [noun] > well water piteOE wellOE pitOE pulkc1300 draw-wellc1410 draught-wellc1440 winchc1440 brine-well1594 salt spring1601 sump1680 pump well1699 spout-well1710 sump hole1754 pit-well1756 sink1804 bucket-well1813 artesian well1829 shallow well1877 dip-well1894 garland-well1897 village pump1925 1829 Times 27 Mar. 3/5 An Artesian well has been bored in the Duke of Northumberland's grounds, at Sion. 1841 R. W. Emerson Misc. 160 Here comes by a great inquisitor with auger and plumb-line, and will bore an Artesian well through our conventions and theories, and pierce to the core of things. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 33 The fountains in Trafalgar Square are fed with water from an Artesian well. 1992 D. Morgan Rising in West ii. vi. 103 Long-staple Acala cotton was about to be introduced, and more powerful pumps and artesian wells would soon inaugurate the era of large-scale irrigated farming. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.adj.1629
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