independentlyadv.

Brit.

/ˌɪndᵻˈpɛnd(ə)ntli/, U.S.

/ˌɪndəˈpɛndəntli/

Etymology: < independent adj. + -ly suffix².

a. In an independent manner; without dependence on another person or thing, or on each other; apart from or without regard to the action of others.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > non-relation > [adverb] > independently

without respect1528

irrespectively1648

independently1651

irrespective1839

unrespective1845

unrespectively1963

society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [adverb]

substantively1598

unsubordinately1636

independently1651

uncontrollablea1704

1651 J. Goodwin Άπολύτρωσις Άπολυτρώσεως i. §10 Second causes..do not perform, what..they do perform, independently, and of themselves.

1849 T. R. Birks Horæ Apostol. Pref. My own conclusions were formed independently.

1849 T. R. Birks Horæ Apostol. Pref. The dates to which I have been independently led agree very nearly with those adopted in the Literary History.

1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxv. 186 Mr. Wills..made the same observation independently.

1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda II. iii. xxiii. 107 She can hardly earn her own poor bread independently.

1886 F. W. Farrar Hist. Interpr. 403 He examined the Canon as independently as Luther had done.

1900 N.E.D. at Independently Mod. The two parts of the mechanism work independently.

b. With of (formerly on, upon, from): In a way independent of; without regard to; apart from.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > non-relation > [adverb] > independently > independently of

without regard to (also for, of )?1530

without reference to1600

on (also upon) one's own account1609

independently1659

independent of (on, from)1690

1659 J. Pearson Expos. Creed (1845) 485 (note) Independently from this place, we have proved, that the Holy Spirit is a person.

1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 199 They Maintained Matter to exist Independently upon God.

1695 J. Dryden tr. R. de Piles in tr. C. A. Du Fresnoy De Arte Graphica 132 Dispose things by great masses of Lights and Shadows..without troubling your self to finish every thing in particular, independently one of the other.

1707 S. Clarke Third Def. Argument 9 Parts, existing distinctly and independently from each other.

1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 115 The infinitive mode is often made absolute, or used independently of the rest of the sentence.

1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset II. li. 76 So that he might work at his canvas independently of his model.

1884 J. Rae Contemp. Socialism 165 Utility can confer value independently of labour.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	independently
释义	independentlyadv. Brit. /ˌɪndᵻˈpɛnd(ə)ntli/, U.S. /ˌɪndəˈpɛndəntli/ Etymology: < independent adj. + -ly suffix². a. In an independent manner; without dependence on another person or thing, or on each other; apart from or without regard to the action of others. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > non-relation > [adverb] > independently without respect1528 irrespectively1648 independently1651 irrespective1839 unrespective1845 unrespectively1963 society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > independence > [adverb] substantively1598 unsubordinately1636 independently1651 uncontrollablea1704 1651 J. Goodwin Άπολύτρωσις Άπολυτρώσεως i. §10 Second causes..do not perform, what..they do perform, independently, and of themselves. 1849 T. R. Birks Horæ Apostol. Pref. My own conclusions were formed independently. 1849 T. R. Birks Horæ Apostol. Pref. The dates to which I have been independently led agree very nearly with those adopted in the Literary History. 1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xxv. 186 Mr. Wills..made the same observation independently. 1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda II. iii. xxiii. 107 She can hardly earn her own poor bread independently. 1886 F. W. Farrar Hist. Interpr. 403 He examined the Canon as independently as Luther had done. 1900 N.E.D. at Independently Mod. The two parts of the mechanism work independently. b. With of (formerly on, upon, from): In a way independent of; without regard to; apart from. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > non-relation > [adverb] > independently > independently of without regard to (also for, of )?1530 without reference to1600 on (also upon) one's own account1609 independently1659 independent of (on, from)1690 1659 J. Pearson Expos. Creed (1845) 485 (note) Independently from this place, we have proved, that the Holy Spirit is a person. 1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 199 They Maintained Matter to exist Independently upon God. 1695 J. Dryden tr. R. de Piles in tr. C. A. Du Fresnoy De Arte Graphica 132 Dispose things by great masses of Lights and Shadows..without troubling your self to finish every thing in particular, independently one of the other. 1707 S. Clarke Third Def. Argument 9 Parts, existing distinctly and independently from each other. 1795 L. Murray Eng. Gram. 115 The infinitive mode is often made absolute, or used independently of the rest of the sentence. 1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset II. li. 76 So that he might work at his canvas independently of his model. 1884 J. Rae Contemp. Socialism 165 Utility can confer value independently of labour. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adv.1651
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