单词 | assembly |
释义 | assemblyn. I. The action or fact of assembling, the state of being assembled. 1. a. Gathering together, meeting; the state of being collected or gathered; = assemblage n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [noun] > assembling of people or animals semblinga1300 assembly1413 mustering1440 assemblancec1485 routing1513 assembling1611 congregating1649 assemblationa1734 trooping1809 1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle v. v. 76 The byrdes..syttynge in assemble vpon an hye tre. 1436 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) II. 152 The duk of Burgayn..Mad gret assembillé in landes wyd. a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 267 Mony assemblay that gawane gart be maid To wit his name. 1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 187 Unlawfull assembly is where people assemble themselves together to doe some unlawfull thing against the peace. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §6. 521 A Triennial Bill enforced the assembly of the Houses every three years. b. The assembling of troops; frequently attributive, as assembly-position, -trench, etc. Cf. sense III. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military organization > ceremonial > [noun] > muster muster1419 wappenschawing1424 mustering1440 wappenschawa1503 rendezvous1596 assembly1917 1917 H. W. Yoxall Jrnl. 18 Sept. in Fashion of Life (1966) iv. 37 Went with..two runners to peg out our assembly area... The marking-out of the assembly position was not difficult. 1918 E. S. Farrow Dict. Mil. Terms 42 The assembly position must be far enough to the rear to enable [etc.]. 1919 King's Royal Rifle Corps Chron. 1916 62 The Battalion..proceeded to the assembly trenches. 1920 Q. Rev. Jan. 108 Troops moving up to the assembly-positions. 1923 R. Kipling Irish Guards in Great War I. 324 The Battalion moved nearer their assembly-areas. c. The action or method of assembling a machine or composite article; the parts so assembled. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > [noun] > assembly assemblage1849 assembling1894 assembly1914 society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > [noun] > assembly > assembled parts assembly1914 1914 Engin. Mag. 47 6 The boards travel..down the line, growing in completeness as they move, each ‘team’ working simultaneously on opposite sides of the board, adding some step to the assembly. 1914 Engin. Mag. 47 882/2 Axles to be placed in chassis assembly at the Highland Park shops are lifted up off the chain-line. 1922 Autocar 10 Nov. 983 Arrol-Johnston gear assembly, showing how the whole can be removed without disturbing the box itself…Rear axle assembly. 1935 Discovery June 183/2 The assembly of an ordinary electric-lampholder consisting of eighteen parts. 1937 Discovery June 187/1 The glass envelope housing the electrode assembly. 1948 ‘N. Shute’ No Highway ii. 43 The port tailplane and elevator, the port landing wheel assembly. 1951 M. V. Wilkes et al. Prepar. Programs for Electronic Digital Computer i. iv. 27 The example given in Section 7–1 illustrates two alternative methods of assembling a program. In each of these the programmer has to decide where the master routine and each subroutine are to go in the store and to insert the correct addresses in the orders in the master routine which call in the subroutines. The object of an assembly subroutine is to relieve the programmer of these and other mechanical tasks. 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 247 The whole assembly can be very light in weight and may be cheap to produce. d. The assembling of parts of a film or sound recording. Also attributive. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > [noun] > assembling of parts of a film or sound recording assembly1949 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > editing > [noun] > montage or assembly montage1930 assembly1949 1949 W. H. Offenhauser 16-mm Sound Motion Pictures x. 328 Editing and assembly are loose and broad terms customarily used to describe the processes that occur between the original records and the release prints. 1960 O. Skilbeck ABC of Film & TV Working Terms 12 Assembly, rushes of a film joined together in script scene order, with spare takes and number boards eliminated; but not, as yet, edited. 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio 246 Copy editing, the copying of selected extracts from recorded material into sequence on a main programme assembly tape. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > [noun] > becoming joined assembly1330 coition?1541 concourse1570 coiture1578 closea1616 concurrence1656 closing1793 join-up1969 the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > of people or animals lathingc897 sameningc950 gatheringc1000 ymongOE droveOE companya1275 routc1300 assembly1330 queleta1382 sembly1389 parliamenta1400 sankinga1400 concoursec1440 riotc1440 ensemblyc1500 unity1543 resorta1557 congress1639 resemblance1662 boorach1704 group1711 parade1722 assemblage1742 roll-up1861 agora1886 1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 51 Vnder Southamptone was þer assemble, Of Harald & Hardknoute. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 760 My makelez Lambe..Me ches to hys make, alþaȝ vnmete Sumtyme semed þat assemble. 1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 255/4 The unyte and assemble of the flesshe of oure lord and of oure lady. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > [noun] fiend-reseOE frumresec1275 assault1297 sault1297 inracea1300 sailing13.. venuea1330 checkc1330 braid1340 affrayc1380 outrunningc1384 resinga1387 wara1387 riota1393 assailc1400 assayc1400 onset1423 rake?a1425 pursuitc1425 assemblinga1450 brunta1450 oncominga1450 assembly1487 envaya1500 oncomea1500 shovea1500 front1523 scry1523 attemptate1524 assaulting1548 push1565 brash1573 attempt1584 affront?1587 pulse1587 affret1590 saliaunce1590 invasion1591 assailment1592 insultation1596 aggressa1611 onslaught1613 source1616 confronta1626 impulsion1631 tentative1632 essaya1641 infall1645 attack1655 stroke1698 insult1710 coup de main1759 onfall1837 hurrah1841 beat-up of quarters1870 offensive1887 strafe1915 grand slam1916 hop-over1918 run1941 strike1942 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xii. 491 He gert trwmp vp to the assemble. a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 3336 The Knycht..Wich at the first assemble in this sted Wencussith all. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 454 Ane scharpar sembla ȝit wes thair neuer sene. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy xv. 6299 He was..sonest in assembly in þe sad fyght. II. The company assembled. 4. A gathering of persons; a number of people met together; a concourse, throng. ΚΠ 1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 73 Þe bisshop corouned hir þore, bifor þat faire semble. 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. Prol. 216 Barones an burgeis..I seiȝ in þis assemble. 1483 W. Caxton tr. A. Chartier Curial sig. vv Kepe you ferre fro suche an assemblee. 1543 Necessary Doctr. Christen Man F j b Ecclesia, that is to saye, an assemble of people called out from other. a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) iii. ii. 18 If there bee any in this Assembly, any deere Friend of Cæsars. View more context for this quotation 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 1. ¶5 I sometimes pass for a Jew in the Assembly of Stock-Jobbers. 1825 J. Neal Brother Jonathan I. 286 The assembly broke up. 5. a. esp. A gathering of persons for the purpose of deliberation and decision; a deliberative body, a legislative council. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] mootOE councilc1275 mootingc1275 dayc1300 assembly1366 consistoryc1374 house1389 parliamentc1390 convention1554 synodal1573 synod1578 synedrion1581 convenement1603 gemot1643 consessus1646 legislative council1651 national assembly1702 council-general1817 concilium1834 runanga1857 1366 Mandeville's Trav. iii. 16 Thei holden here Grete Conseilles and here Assembleez. c1440 Morte Arth. 1578 Salle he never..sitt in þe assemblé, in syghte wyth his feris. 1534 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. 1302/1 Therefore agreed thys greate assemble that they would not take hym on the holye daye. 1681 H. Neville Plato Redivivus 72 A Government consisting of a Prince and a Popular Assembly. 1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. i. 77 Th' Assembly seated, rising o'er the rest, Achilles thus the King of Men addrest. 1878 W. E. Gladstone Homer 125 The Achaian assemblies were in general regularly summoned by the heralds. b. Hence in various specific or historical uses: (a) the name given to the legislature in some of the United States of America (see also general assembly n. (b) at general adj. and n. Compounds 2); (b) the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland: see general assembly n. (a) at general adj. and n. Compounds 2; (c) National Assembly (France): see national assembly n. 2b; (d) Primary Assembly: see quot. 1794; (e) Westminster Assembly: see Westminster n. 1b. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > presbyterian > [noun] > general assembly general assembly1550 assemblya1572 kirk assembly1646 the mind > language > speech > conversation > [noun] > conferring or consulting > a conference > particular types of parliament?a1400 diet1471 symposiac1603 by-conference1625 guestling1629 sanhedrim1653 comitia1684 symposium1784 assembly1794 powwow1812 neighbourhood meeting1823 colloquium1861 congress1861 party conference1875 indaba1894 press conference1908 case conference1913 story conference1920 telemeeting1973 poster session1974 START1981 presser1988 society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > [noun] > selection of candidates > meeting for preliminary selection assembly1794 a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation iv. 344 The General Assembly of the Church..holden in December [1561] after the Queen's Arrival. 1644 J. Milton Doctr. Divorce (ed. 2) sig. A2 (heading) To The Parlament of England, with the Assembly. 1688 in Colonial Rec. Pennsylvania (1852) I. 223 The Comittee presented to this board three bills which was brought to them from ye Assembly. 1759 W. Robertson Hist. Scotl. I. iii. anno 1560 The first general assembly of the church..was held this year. 1794 J. Gifford Reign Louis XVI 212 The inhabitants of every district in France, preparatory to the election of delegates, hold what is called a primary assembly, where they choose a prescribed number of electors, who are to act for the whole in the choice of a representative to the states. 1839 Penny Cycl. XV. 255/2 Mirabeau was now acknowledged as the chief leader in the National Assembly. 6. a. A gathering of persons for religious worship; a congregation. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > laity > congregation > [noun] lathingc897 church folka1200 parishc1300 congregation1526 meeting1593 assemblya1616 society1738 pew1882 a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iii. iii. 45 Wee haue no Temple but the wood, no assembly but horne-beasts. View more context for this quotation a1629 W. Hinde Faithfull Remonstr. (1641) xxvii. 83 To bring in such able and godly Ministers..into the publike Assembly. 1715 I. Watts Divine Songs 38 Lord, how delightful 'tis to see A whole assembly worship thee. b. spec. In schools, a general gathering of staff and pupils (usually before lessons begin) for worship or other purposes. ΘΚΠ society > education > educational administration > school administration > [noun] > assembly school assembly1837 assembly1932 1932 J. M. MacBain (title) Incidental music for use at school assembly. Arranged by I. R. Davies. 1943 Times Educ. Suppl. 25 Dec. 622/1 The day begins quietly with assembly. 1955 E. Blishen Roaring Boys iii. 114 At assembly the head announced that it was going to be a fine year. 1968 ‘P. Hobson’ Titty's Dead i. 14 The bell for Assembly clanged through the school. 1984 S. Townsend Growing Pains Adrian Mole 141 Lousy stinking school started today... Pandora and I held hands in assembly. 7. A gathering of persons for purposes of social entertainment. (The public assembly, which formed a regular feature of fashionable life in the 18th century, is described by Chambers ( Cycl. 1751) as ‘a stated and general meeting of the polite persons of both sexes, for the sake of conversation, gallantry, news, and play.’ Private assemblies corresponded in some respects to the modern ‘reception’ or ‘at-home.’) ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > social gathering > [noun] companyc1300 assemblya1616 redoubt1698 assemblée1712 powwow1812 social1857 bear fight1861 corroboree1885 squash1904 a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) i. iii. 9 I haue euer lou'd the life remoued And held in idle price, to haunt assemblies . View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) v. i. 61 Haply in priuate. Adr. And in assemblies too. View more context for this quotation 1718 Free-thinker No. 2. 2 He will find Admittance into all the crowded Balls and Assemblies. 1764 S. Foote Patron i. 9 You know this is his day of assembly; I suppose you will be there. 1865 H. Phillips Amer. Paper Currency II. 167 Gaiety pervaded the American camp..and an assembly was organized. 1883 Scotsman 15 Jan. 1/1 (advt.) Citizen Assemblies. Fancy Dress Ball in aid of the Royal Infirmary. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] queleta1382 congregationc1384 numberc1400 hirselc1425 company1439 assemblement1470 bundle1535 sort1563 raccolta1591 bevy1604 crew1607 congest1625 concoursea1628 nest1630 comportation1633 racemationa1641 assembly1642 collect1651 assemblage1690 faggot1742 museum1755 pash1790 shock1806 consortium1964 1642 J. Howell Instr. Forreine Travell x. 134 An assembly of huge crags and hils. 1699 J. Evelyn Acetaria 107 A very plentiful assembly of Sallet-Herbs. III. As a sign or signal. 9. A military call by drum or bugle. Cf. assemble n.2 ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military organization > signals > [noun] > signal on instrument > specific signals dian1591 alvarado1598 retreat1600 reveille1633 preparative1635 leveta1640 charge1650 gathering1653 reveil1668 chamade1684 assembly1728 rouse1789 roll-call1793 dinner call1799 taps1824 recall1825 fall-in1834 last post1845 lights out1864 post1864 assemble1883 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Assembly, before the March is also used..for the second Beat of the Drum... On hearing this, the Soldiers strike their Tents, roll them up, and then stand to their Arms. The third Beating is called the March, as the first is called the General. 1803 Sir J. Nicholls in Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) II. 394 The generale was beat at half-past four, the assembly at half-past five. Compounds C1. a. Also attributive. assembly-belt n. also figurative ΚΠ 1938 W. H. Auden & C. Isherwood On Frontier 17 The assembly-belt is like an army on the move. 1945 S. Lewis Cass Timberlane (1946) i. 13 He had a wife unremittingly productive of babies, for whose assembly-belt production he felt only accidentally responsible. assembly-plant n. ΚΠ 1931 Economist 28 Feb. 432/1 The project to build an assembly plant at the new port of Gdynia has not been carried any further. assembly-room n. ΚΠ 1897 Outing 30 279/2 They are then polished, nickelplated,..and sent to the assembly-room to take their places in the wheel. assembly-shop n. ΚΠ 1914 Auto-motor Jrnl. 21 Mar. 362/1 It is only because every part is dead true before it reaches the assembly shop. b. assembly line n. originally U.S. a group of machines and workers concerned with the progressive assembly of some product; also attributive and figurative. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > factory > [noun] > assembly or production line production line1905 assembly line1914 line1926 track1931 transfer line1956 1914 Engin. Mag. 47 858/2 The study of the finishing and assembling of front-axle components shows how labor-costs may be..reduced..by the use of sliding assembly lines, chain-driven for the final assembling, but having the partial assemblies moved by hand. 1926 Sci. Amer. July 41/1 The illustration shows the chassis on the assembly line. 1943 S. Menefee Assignment: U.S.A. (1944) i. v. 103 The assembly-line method of putting bombers together has great possibilities. 1945 Reader's Digest Oct. 82/2 The syndicate developed an assembly-line method of producing beef. 1955 20th Cent. June 548 From the top of a school assembly line they are carried by their parents or the State to a conveyor belt that runs through the spiry city [sc. Oxford] for three years or so. C2. assembly-ground n. a place where birds assemble esp. for mating. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > [noun] > assembly ground assembly-ground1906 assembly-place1936 the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > copulation > place for mating ground1856 assembly-ground1906 assembly-place1936 1906 E. Selous in Zoologist 10 419 There were, too, some good examples of the deportment of Ruffs on the assembly-ground. 1920 H. E. Howard Territory in Bird Life v. 173 In the first place, there are the assembly grounds to which the birds repair season after season; and then, on the assembly grounds, there are the territories. assembly house n. (a) = sembly-house n. at sembly n. Compounds; (b) a house in which assemblies (see sense 7) were held. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > public building > [noun] > meeting-hall or house common hall?1473 assembly house1502 sedge1615 ambalama1807 meeting house1836 conference centre1958 society > leisure > entertainment > place of amusement or entertainment > [noun] > assembly rooms or halls redoubt1702 assembly-room1744 drum-room1749 assembly house1762 pantheon1772 casino1789 pleasure dome1816 palace1831 melodeon1840 kursaal1850 winter garden1859 music hallc1883 Met1896 1502 in Oxf. Univ. Statutes (1888) 217 In Domo vocata le Assemblie-House in Universitate prædicta. 1749 Apol. Life Bampfylde-Moore Carew 28 He saw a fine House, and demanding whose it was, they told him it was the Assembly-House [in Maryland]. 1762 O. Goldsmith Life R. Nash 46 People of fashion [at Bath] make public breakfasts at the assembly-houses. assembly language n. Computing a low-level programming language that corresponds closely to the machine language of a computer but employs mnemonics and labels in place of numerical codes and operands. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > programming language > [noun] > assembly code assembly language1964 assembler language1968 assembler code1975 assembler1979 1964 Gloss. Data Processing (Honeywell Inc.) 3/2 Assembly language, the machine-oriented programming language (e.g. easy, argus) belonging to an assembly system. 1965 Times 7 Jan. 14 Manufacturers today are expected to supply..a fairly simple assembly language which makes it possible to instruct the machine without recourse to its own confusing language of zeros and ones. 1979 J. E. Rowley Mechanised In-house Information Syst. i. 52 Assembly languages are powerful, and make for easier program construction than machine codes. 1983 Listener 12 May 38/1 Assembly-language programming is still an exceedingly cryptic business. assemblyman n. a man who is a member of a legislative assembly (see sense 5). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] > member of synedrian1593 assemblyman1647 synod-man1663 conventioner1691 conventionist1815 synodalist1902 assemblyperson1972 MWA1996 1647 in Harl. Misc. (1745) V. 93/1 (title) The Assembly-man. 1684 R. Baxter Acct. Twelve Arguments 28 in Catholick Communion Defended It was mainly by the excellent preaching and living of that Ministry whom these Separatists vilified, such as the Assembly-men had been. 1837 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker 1st Ser. (ed. 2) xxxii. 347 He sot up for an Assembly-man. 1875 C. F. Wingate in N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 161 An assembly-man came to his room..to receive the price of his vote. assembly-place n. a place in which an assembly is held; spec. = assembly-ground n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > [noun] > assembly ground assembly-ground1906 assembly-place1936 the world > animals > birds > actions or bird defined by > [noun] > copulation > place for mating ground1856 assembly-ground1906 assembly-place1936 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > place of resort > [noun] > place of assembly forum1735 venue1857 folk-stead1876 zoo1885 whare puni1911 assembly-place1936 lapa1982 1936 Discovery Sept. 263/1 The last occasion in which a new assembly-place in this country was chosen was in 1919. 1941 J. S. Huxley Uniqueness of Man ix. 198 Assembly-places [of birds] for mating. assembly program n. Computing = assembler n. 5a. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > system or utility programmes > translator > into machine code assembly routine1951 compiler1953 assembly program1955 assembler1959 assembler program1977 1955 R. K. Richards Arithm. Operations in Digital Computers xii. 379 An ‘assembly program’ is..used to assemble the sections and compute the actual storage locations and addresses from the symbolic notation. 1961 H. D. Leeds & G. M. Weinberg Computer Programming Fund. ii. 50 We define the assembly program as a program capable of translating some other program from the coder-acceptable programming language to the computer-acceptable machine language. 1984 Byte Nov. 524/2 The instruction set considered legal by the assembler is that specified by Motorola for the MC68000. The editor lets you create 68000 assembly programs and regular text files. assembly routine n. Computing (a) a routine which assembles other routines; (b) a routine for converting symbolic code into machine code, usually as a task within a larger program; cf. assembler n. 5a. ΘΚΠ society > computing and information technology > software > [noun] > system or utility programmes > translator > into machine code assembly routine1951 compiler1953 assembly program1955 assembler1959 assembler program1977 1951 Proc. Royal Soc. A. 206 541 An assembly routine is one which may be used to organize the input of a whole programme, marshalling the various sub-routines in suitable places in the store, and making the necessary adjustments in the orders. The method of inserting extra print orders was originated by M. V. Wilkes, who also constructed the first assembly routine. 1984 Byte May 371/3 The program must check for the occurrence of an overrun. Upon finding one, the assembly routine sets a flag that can be read by the BASIC program once the data collection is finished. assembly-room n. a room in which assemblies (see sense 7) were formerly held, and in which balls, concerts, and similar entertainments are now given. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > place of amusement or entertainment > [noun] > assembly rooms or halls redoubt1702 assembly-room1744 drum-room1749 assembly house1762 pantheon1772 casino1789 pleasure dome1816 palace1831 melodeon1840 kursaal1850 winter garden1859 music hallc1883 Met1896 1744 S. Johnson Acct. Life R. Savage 93 Nor could she enter the Assembly Rooms..without being saluted with some Lines from The Bastard. 1861 W. M. Thackeray Four Georges ii. 87 Every country town had its assembly-room. Draft additions June 2020 assemblyperson n. originally and chiefly U.S. a member of a legislative assembly; an assemblyman or assemblywoman. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] > member of synedrian1593 assemblyman1647 synod-man1663 conventioner1691 conventionist1815 synodalist1902 assemblyperson1972 MWA1996 1972 Daily Campus (Southern Methodist Univ.) 25 Oct. 1/2 It was ‘perhaps inevitable’ that two years as an Assemblyperson would lead him to this decision. 1996 Anchorage (Alaska) Daily News (Nexis) 26 May Please call your assemblyperson and ask her or him to act. 2019 Malay Mail (Nexis) 6 Mar. The Speaker (or the presiding assemblyperson) cannot cast his/her vote..unless..there is a tie. Draft additions June 2020 assemblywoman n. originally and chiefly U.S. a woman who is a member of a legislative assembly. ΚΠ 1869 Galaxy Dec. 818 It was a great comfort to me that Mrs. Whiston was also elected to the Legislature... There were but four of us Assemblywomen. 1920 Handbk. & Proc. Ann. Meeting, 1919 (Calif. Libr. Assoc.) 31/1 Mr. C. M. Kline, Assemblyman from Riverside County, Mrs. Elizabeth Hughes, Assemblywoman from Butte County. 2019 Mercury News (Calif.) (Nexis) 14 Oct. Newsom also vetoed a bill by Democratic Assemblywoman Shirley Weber that would have required all elementary schools..to have at least one full-day kindergarten program by 2022. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1330 |
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