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单词 inhibit
释义

inhibitv.

Brit. /ɪnˈhɪbɪt/, U.S. /ᵻnˈhɪbᵻt/
Forms: Middle English–1500s inhybyte, (1500s inibbit), 1500s– inhibit. past participle inhibited; also Middle English–1500s inhibit(e.
Etymology: < Latin inhibit-, participial stem of inhibēre to hold in, restrain, hinder, prevent, < in- (in- prefix3) + habēre to hold. Compare Old French inhibir (later inhiber), Spanish inhibir, Italian inibire (Florio inhibire).
1. transitive. To forbid, prohibit, interdict (a person): esp. as a term of Ecclesiastical Law or practice.
a. to do something. Also, rarely, with that. (Sometimes with negative in the subordinate clause.)
ΚΠ
a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 127 In þe same tyme were þe Jewis inhibite þat þei schul no more lende no siluer to no Cristen man.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1822) v. 397 The maisteris inhibitis the servandis to have ony cumpany with uncouth men.
1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1844/2 Straightly inhibiting them, that not one of them shoulde once in paine of death looke ouer the Walles or Rampyres.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xlii. xxv. 1129 By expresse words he was inhibited to beare armes without his own frontiers.
a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) ii. 157 By the same Canon law that forbids clergymen to sentence, they..are more strictly inhibited to give no testimony in causes of blood.
b. from doing something; †from a thing.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > prohibition > prohibit [verb (transitive)] > prohibit a person from doing something
forbidc1175
to say naya1393
prohibit1483
embarc1506
inhibitc1540
restrain1544
interdictc1575
society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical authority > [verb (transitive)] > prohibit
inhibitc1540
c1540 Pilgrim's Tale 424 in F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) App. i. 89 Thes be the prophesys that we shold trust vnto, & not in false lyes that we be inhibyt fro.
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 39 The said Peckam inhibited all from selling victuals to him or his family.
1747 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. I. 502 Anselm..had inhibited by letters all the bishops of England from assisting at his consecration.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones IV. xii. iii. 208 Partridge was inhibited from that Topic which would have first suggested itself. View more context for this quotation
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xx. 499 A clause was..inserted which inhibited the Bank from advancing money to the Crown without authority from Parliament.
1873 R. Phillimore Eccl. Law II. 1345 In the Bishops triennial, as also in regal and metropolitical, visitations, all inferior jurisdictions respectively are inhibited from exercising jurisdiction, during such visitation.
c. To forbid a person a thing. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > prohibition > prohibit [verb (transitive)] > prohibit a thing to a person
restrain1491
inhibit1599
1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 108 They..inhibite their partie the reading of Protestant-bookes, and repaire to their Churches.
1641 ‘Smectymnuus’ Vindic. Answer Hvmble Remonstr. xv. 189 Wicked or scandalous livers among them, who were to be inhibited their assemblies.
a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 13 A Statute..which did inhibite our men other Traffique towards Denmarke and Iseland.
d. without const.: esp. to forbid (an ecclesiastic) to exercise clerical functions.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrament > order > ordination > unfrocking > unfrock [verb (transitive)]
unhodeOE
disordain1297
disgradec1380
degrade1395
deprivec1400
inhibit1531
disorder1570
disbishop1585
defrock1600
uncassock1645
desecrate1674
unfrockify1694
unclergy1695
undignify1702
unordain1709
unfrock?a1750
disfrock1877
disgown1887
ungown1895
1531 H. Latimer Let. Dec. in J. Foxe Actes & Monuments (1563) 1321/1 He did neuer inhibite me in my lyfe.
1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus i. 6 The minister here onely inhibited directly.
1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 62 Forbid them not; there is no reason to inhibit them that are well affected to us.
1867 Morning Star 19 Sept. 3 Let him [the Archbishop of Canterbury] inhibit the bishop.
2.
a. To forbid, prohibit (a thing, action, or practice). Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > prohibition > prohibit [verb (transitive)] > proscribe or interdict
to lay in forbodea1400
outlawc1400
suspend1488
interdict1502
inhibita1513
proscribe1622
contraband1678
ban1816
red-line1958
a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. clxxxviv Whan yt wepyn was Inhybyted theym, Then they toke stonys & plummettes of lede.
a1555 R. Taylor in M. Coverdale Certain Lett. Martyrs (1564) 175 By S. Paules doctrine, it is the doctrine of deuilles to inhibite matrimony.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 225 The Inquisitors have inhibited and taken from them all bookes written on that Theame.
1726 J. Ayliffe Parergon Juris Canonici Anglicani 135 By the novel Constitutions, Burial may not be inhibited or deny'd to any one.
1761–2 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) III. xxxvii. 175 She published a proclamation, by which she inhibited all preaching without a special license.
1821 C. Lamb in London Mag. Dec. 605/2 At school all play-going was inhibited.
b. with the object expressed by a clause or infinitive phrase (sometimes negative). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1562 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 4 The godlye wysedome of thi Maiestie hes be ane edict inhibit ony questioun..to be mouit in this action.
1577 R. Holinshed Chron. II. 1801/2 Another Proclamation..inhibiting, that from thenceforth no playes nor enterludes shuld be exercised, till Alhallowen tide.
a1613 E. Brerewood Enq. Langs. & Relig. (1614) xi. 85 Philosophy..is inhibited to bee taught in their vniuersities.
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iv. 149 The Turkes..have inhibited that any Christian shall come neare to it.
3. To restrain, check, hinder, prevent, stop. †Also with infinitive compl. (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hinder [verb (transitive)]
letc888
shrenchc897
forstanda1000
amarOE
disturbc1290
impeachc1380
stopc1380
withstandc1385
hinder1413
accloy1422
hindc1426
to hold abackc1440
appeachc1460
impeditec1535
inhibit1535
obstacle1538
damp1548
trip1548
embarrass1578
dam1582
to clip the wings ofa1593
unhelp1598
uppen1600
straiten1607
rub1608
impediment1610
impedea1616
to put out1616
to put off1631
scote1642
obstruct1645
incommodiate1650
offend1651
sufflaminate1656
hindrance1664
disassist1671
clog1679
muzzle1706
squeeze1804
to take the wind out of the sails of1822
throttle1825
block1844
overslaugh1853
snag1863
gum1901
slow-walk1965
society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restrain [verb (transitive)]
pindeOE
steerc950
hold971
forbidc1000
withstewc1175
withholdc1200
stewa1225
crempa1250
bistintc1300
i-stillc1315
withdraw1340
entemperc1380
rebukec1380
forfenda1382
refraina1382
refrainc1390
restraina1393
restayc1400
retainc1415
to hold abackc1440
overholda1450
reclaim?c1450
revokec1450
bedwynge1480
sniba1500
repressa1525
rein1531
inhibit1535
to keep back1535
cohibit1544
reprimec1550
lithe1552
to rein up1574
check1581
embridle1583
to rein in1593
retrench1594
refrenate1599
to hold back1600
snip1601
becheck1605
sneap1611
trasha1616
supersede1645
reprimand1689
snape1691
to clap a guy on1814
to pull up1861
to pull in1893
withstrain1904
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ezra v. 5 They were not inhibyte, tyll the matter was brought before Darius, and tyll there came a wrytinge therof agayne.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 11 The Planets..are both inhibited by the..Trine aspect of the sun, to hold on a straight and direct course.
1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 47 Coldnesse constipating the pores of the skin, whence the regresse of vapours is inhibited.
1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) ii. 131 That external Sphincter inhibits a too great dilatation of the Gullet.
1816 T. L. Peacock Headlong Hall ii. 17 The use of animal food retards in some measure, though it cannot materially inhibit, the perfectibility of the species.
1876 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (1879) i. iii. 120 The reflex actions of the spinal cord may, by appropriate means, be inhibited.
4. Psychology. (See inhibition n. 4) Extended from sense 3.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > behaviourism > theories of motivation > inhibition > restrain, repress [verb (transitive)]
inhibit1876
1876 W. James Coll. Ess. & Rev. (1920) 30 A representation arises in a mind, but..it is inhibited by another which confronts it.
1943 C. R. Griffith Princ. Syst. Psychol. xvi. 596 A strong connection between two elements a and b inhibits the formation of connections between a and some other element c or d.
1957 E. Partridge Eng. gone Wrong i. 22 Inhibition and the adjective inhibited and the verb inhibit properly denote the restraint that one psychical activity (for instance, thought) imposes upon another (as it might be fear) and also, derivatively, any psychical impediment to the free workings of body or mind or of both; it is this latter sense which has become debased to mean—as if that were a deplorable thing—the dictates of a decent self-restraint and the promptings of a natural modesty.

Derivatives

inˈhibited adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > prohibition > [adjective] > prohibited
forbiddenc1200
defendedc1405
prohibit?a1475
vetite?a1500
prohibited?1532
disallowed1539
forbid1599
inhibiteda1616
verboten1866
no-no1972
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > behaviourism > theories of motivation > inhibition > [adjective]
inhibited1963
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. i. 144 Selfe-loue, which is the most inhibited sinne in the Cannon. View more context for this quotation
1823 W. Scott Peveril I. ix. 231 The Dobby's Walk was within the inhibited domains of the Hall.
1963 A. Heron Towards Quaker View of Sex i. 7 This still repressive and inhibited outlook towards sex.
1967 E. R. Hilgard & R. C. Atkinson Introd. Psychol. (ed. 4) xxii. 556/1 With neurotics who are too inhibited to discuss their feelings spontaneously, more directive methods are usually necessary.
1969 E. Mirel in P. Solomon Handbk. Psychiatry xxxii. 389 The ‘pathologically shy’ children who manifest passivity, inhibited initiative and motor action.
inˈhibitedness n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > psychology > behaviourism > theories of motivation > inhibition > [noun] > condition or tendency
inhibitionism1934
inhibitedness1942
1942 A. L. Rowse Cornish Childhood ii. 44 Because of his reserve, his essential inhibitedness.
inˈhibiting n. and adj. (esp. Psychology).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > prohibition > [noun]
defence?c1335
forbiddingc1380
defendingc1400
prohibition1429
embarring1563
prohibiting1572
embargement1599
inhibiting1607
forbiddance1608
touch-me-not1636
forbiddal1835
society > authority > subjection > prohibition > [adjective]
prohibitive?a1425
inhibitory1490
negative1526
prohibitory1564
forbidding1574
inhibiting1607
countermanding1677
inhibitive1830
1607 S. Hieron Platforme Obed. in Wks. (1620) I. 327 Touching..the inhibiting or forbidding part, the substance of it is contained in this clause, ‘let not sinne reigne in your mortall body’.
1608 A. Willet Hexapla in Exodum 76 There are two other kinds of inhibiting.
1861 G. Ross W. Bell's Dict. Law Scotl. (rev. ed.) 446/1 Personal creditors..will be entirely excluded in competition with the inhibiting creditor.
1961 J. A. Brussel Layman's Guide Psychiatry viii. 80 This is best accomplished by removing or modifying the inhibiting factors which have blocked the individual's personality development.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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