incurv.

Brit.

/ɪnˈkəː/,

/ɪŋˈkəː/, U.S.

/ᵻnˈkər/,

/ɪŋˈkər/

Forms: Also Middle English–1600s incur(r(e, 1600s -cure, 1500s–1600s encurr(e.

Etymology: < Latin incurrĕre to run (into, towards, against), < in- (in- prefix³) + currĕre to run: compare Old French encorre, -courre, modern French encourir.

I. intransitive.

†1.

a. To run, flow, fall, or come to or into; to fall (within a period of time, the scope of an argument, etc.). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (intransitive)] > of things that arrive or take place in time

comeOE

fallc1300

occur1495

incur1536

to come in?1541

subvene1858

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > be included in something [verb (intransitive)]

comprehendc1384

comprisec1425

incur1536

come1577

befall1647

1536 Art. Insurgents in J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. III. 157 (note) We humbly beseech..that the Lady Mary may be made legitimate, and the former statute therein annulled, for the danger if the title might incur to the crown of Scotland.

1619 J. Ussher Let. in R. Parr Life J. Usher (1686) Coll. xxxviii. 69 The beginning of Dhilkarnain..certainly doth incurr in annum periodi Julianae 4402.

c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) ii. xi. §6 Becaus sum nounes incurre into adverbes, let us alsoe noat their differences.

1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 44 For it..commeth oftner into their remembrance, and incurreth likewise more into the note of others.

a1656 Bp. J. Hall Invisible World (1659) i. vii. 50 These graces do incur into each other, and are not possible to be severed.

a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) 146 Kircherus in the first Book of his Egyptian Antiquities..supposeth the first 15 Dynasties to have incurred before the Flood.

†b. To come in so as to meet the eye, the observation, etc.; to occur. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (intransitive)]

becomec888

i-tidec888

falleOE

ywortheOE

i-limp975

belimpOE

i-timeOE

worthOE

tidea1131

goa1200

arearc1275

syec1275

betide1297

fere1297

risea1350

to come aboutc1350

overcomea1382

passa1393

comea1400

to come in (also to, on, etc.) placea1400

eschew?a1400

chevec1400

shapec1400

hold1462

to come (also go) to pass1481

proceed?1518

occura1522

bechance1527

overpass1530

sorta1535

succeed1537

adventurec1540

to fall toc1540

success1545

to fall forth1569

fadge1573

beword?1577

to fall in1578

happen1580

event1590

arrive1600

offer1601

grow1614

fudge1615

incur1626

evene1654

obvene1654

to take place1770

transpire1775

to go on1873

to show up1879

materialize1885

break1914

cook1932

to go down1946

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §98 They are Inuisible, and incurre not to the Eie.

1681 J. Evelyn Corr. 27 Sept. in Mem. (1819) II. 215 If any thing incurr to you of Curious..you will greately oblige that Assembly of Virtuosi in communicating any productions of the places you trauell thro'.

1692 R. South 12 Serm. I. 358 According to the different Quality of External Objects that incurr into the Senses.

c. To devolve or accrue; to supervene.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (intransitive)] > supervene or happen as something additional

supervene1636

incur1786

1786 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) I. 546 The principal, with the interest incurring before and after the war.

1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) III. 17 No lapse incurs by the non-presentation of the patron, within six months.

†2. To run into (danger, etc.); to render oneself liable to (damage). Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1530–1 Act 22 Hen. VIII c. 15 Other spyrituall persones..haue fallen and incurred into dyuers daungers of his lawes.

1533 Sir W. Fitzwilliam in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. II. 28 All suche pore people as shulde receyve her said Maundy shulde encurre to farre in daungier of..Lawes, and of High Treason.

1620 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote III. xiii. 82 God deliver me..out of this dangerous Profession of being a Squire, into which I have this second time, incurr'd.

II. transitive.

†3. To run into; to move or pass into, on, or against; to come upon, meet with. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (transitive)] > encounter or experience

ymetec893

findeOE

meetOE

counterc1325

overtakec1390

limp?a1400

tidea1400

runa1450

to fall with ——?c1475

onlightc1475

recounterc1485

recount1490

to come in witha1500

occur1531

to fall on ——1533

to fall upon ——1533

beshine1574

rencontre1582

entertain1591

cope with1594

happen1594

tocome1596

incur1599

forgather1600

thwart1601

to fall in1675

cross1684

to come across ——1738

to cross upon (or on)1748

to fall across ——1760

experience1786

to drop in1802

encounter1814

to come upon ——1820

to run against ——1821

to come in contact with1862

to run across ——1864

to knock or run up against1886

to knock up against1887

1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke Ded. Whose beaten footepath, your..Maiestyes..persone doth so incurre.

a1677 I. Barrow Serm. Several Occasions (1678) 262 He that is no longer affected with a Benefit then it incurrs the sense, and suffers not it self to be disregarded.

a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 205 Those imported from the East, Where first they were incurr'd, are held the best.

a. To run or fall into (some consequence, usually undesirable or injurious); to become through one's own action liable or subject to; to bring upon oneself.

ΚΠ

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 699 And so this Robert incurrit greit skayth, And frustrat war than of tha kinrikis bayth.

1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 12 I should..haue..incurred y^e suspition of frawd.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. iii. 68 His trespasse..is not almost a fault, To incurre [1623 encurre] a priuate checke.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 15 They not obeying, Incurr'd, what could they less, the penaltie.

1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 155. ⁋1 No weakness of the human mind has more frequently incurred animadversion.

a1797 E. Burke Thoughts on Scarcity (1800) 29 All the expence is incurred gratis.

1812 H. Smith & J. Smith Rejected Addr. 55 Disseminating falsehood without incurring favour.

1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Calderon ii. 65 I owe you the greatest debt one man can incur to another.

1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. iv. iv. 581 He incurred the displeasure of his sovereign.

1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. v. 366 A fine..was incurred in ordinary cases.

1885 J. Martineau Types Ethical Theory II. 48 Feelings which incur..our disgust or complacency.

†b. Obsolete constructions. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring something upon > oneself

underliec960

catch?c1225

to run in ——1403

to run into ——?a1425

incurc1460

to run upon ——1583

contract1598

c1460 (a1449) J. Lydgate Legend St. Austin (Harl. 2255) l. 183 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 198 The tenthe part fro God yif thou withdrawe, Thou mvste incurre..To been accursyd by rigour of the lawe.

1726 N. Amhurst Terræ-filius (ed. 2) Pref. 20 He has attempted this change, without incurring upon himself that obloquy and clamour, which usually attend such innovations.

†5. To cause to be incurred; to bring on or upon (some one); to entail. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring something upon

send971

drivea1400

inrun1471

work1487

to draw down1595

invite1599

derive1611

superinduce1615

incur1627

to bring down1662

induce1857

1627 G. Hakewill Apologie iv. xii The Apostles warinesse in not naming it expressely, least thereby he should incurre hatred against the Christian Professours and Religion.

1767 Adventures Kidnapped Orphan 201 The pusillanimous behaviour of the lieutenant..incurred on him the contempt of the whole corps.

1784 Laura & Augustus III. 28 This sickness has necessarily incurred expences, which we are unable to bear.

Derivatives

incurred adj.

/ɪnˈkɜːd/

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > [adjective] > caused or induced > brought upon oneself

incurred1836

1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 181 The interior trade, which they pronounced unequal to the expenses incurred.

a1890 J. Brown Serm. (1892) 120 The recklessly incurred..debt.

incurring n. and adj.

/ɪnˈkɜːrɪŋ/

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > [noun] > causing > bringing upon or incurring

incurring1599

incurment1647

1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. at Incurrimiento Running into, falling into, incurring.

1644 J. Milton tr. M. Bucer Ivdgem. conc. Divorce 18 Not death, but the incurring of notorious infamy.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	incur
释义	incurv. Brit. /ɪnˈkəː/, /ɪŋˈkəː/, U.S. /ᵻnˈkər/, /ɪŋˈkər/ Forms: Also Middle English–1600s incur(r(e, 1600s -cure, 1500s–1600s encurr(e. Etymology: < Latin incurrĕre to run (into, towards, against), < in- (in- prefix³) + currĕre to run: compare Old French encorre, -courre, modern French encourir. I. intransitive. †1. a. To run, flow, fall, or come to or into; to fall (within a period of time, the scope of an argument, etc.). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (intransitive)] > of things that arrive or take place in time comeOE fallc1300 occur1495 incur1536 to come in?1541 subvene1858 the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > be included in something [verb (intransitive)] comprehendc1384 comprisec1425 incur1536 come1577 befall1647 1536 Art. Insurgents in J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. III. 157 (note) We humbly beseech..that the Lady Mary may be made legitimate, and the former statute therein annulled, for the danger if the title might incur to the crown of Scotland. 1619 J. Ussher Let. in R. Parr Life J. Usher (1686) Coll. xxxviii. 69 The beginning of Dhilkarnain..certainly doth incurr in annum periodi Julianae 4402. c1620 A. Hume Of Orthogr. Britan Tongue (1870) ii. xi. §6 Becaus sum nounes incurre into adverbes, let us alsoe noat their differences. 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 44 For it..commeth oftner into their remembrance, and incurreth likewise more into the note of others. a1656 Bp. J. Hall Invisible World (1659) i. vii. 50 These graces do incur into each other, and are not possible to be severed. a1676 M. Hale Primitive Originat. Mankind (1677) 146 Kircherus in the first Book of his Egyptian Antiquities..supposeth the first 15 Dynasties to have incurred before the Flood. †b. To come in so as to meet the eye, the observation, etc.; to occur. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (intransitive)] becomec888 i-tidec888 falleOE ywortheOE i-limp975 belimpOE i-timeOE worthOE tidea1131 goa1200 arearc1275 syec1275 betide1297 fere1297 risea1350 to come aboutc1350 overcomea1382 passa1393 comea1400 to come in (also to, on, etc.) placea1400 eschew?a1400 chevec1400 shapec1400 hold1462 to come (also go) to pass1481 proceed?1518 occura1522 bechance1527 overpass1530 sorta1535 succeed1537 adventurec1540 to fall toc1540 success1545 to fall forth1569 fadge1573 beword?1577 to fall in1578 happen1580 event1590 arrive1600 offer1601 grow1614 fudge1615 incur1626 evene1654 obvene1654 to take place1770 transpire1775 to go on1873 to show up1879 materialize1885 break1914 cook1932 to go down1946 1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §98 They are Inuisible, and incurre not to the Eie. 1681 J. Evelyn Corr. 27 Sept. in Mem. (1819) II. 215 If any thing incurr to you of Curious..you will greately oblige that Assembly of Virtuosi in communicating any productions of the places you trauell thro'. 1692 R. South 12 Serm. I. 358 According to the different Quality of External Objects that incurr into the Senses. c. To devolve or accrue; to supervene. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (intransitive)] > supervene or happen as something additional supervene1636 incur1786 1786 T. Jefferson Writings (1859) I. 546 The principal, with the interest incurring before and after the war. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) III. 17 No lapse incurs by the non-presentation of the patron, within six months. †2. To run into (danger, etc.); to render oneself liable to (damage). Obsolete. ΚΠ 1530–1 Act 22 Hen. VIII c. 15 Other spyrituall persones..haue fallen and incurred into dyuers daungers of his lawes. 1533 Sir W. Fitzwilliam in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. II. 28 All suche pore people as shulde receyve her said Maundy shulde encurre to farre in daungier of..Lawes, and of High Treason. 1620 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote III. xiii. 82 God deliver me..out of this dangerous Profession of being a Squire, into which I have this second time, incurr'd. II. transitive. †3. To run into; to move or pass into, on, or against; to come upon, meet with. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [verb (transitive)] > encounter or experience ymetec893 findeOE meetOE counterc1325 overtakec1390 limp?a1400 tidea1400 runa1450 to fall with ——?c1475 onlightc1475 recounterc1485 recount1490 to come in witha1500 occur1531 to fall on ——1533 to fall upon ——1533 beshine1574 rencontre1582 entertain1591 cope with1594 happen1594 tocome1596 incur1599 forgather1600 thwart1601 to fall in1675 cross1684 to come across ——1738 to cross upon (or on)1748 to fall across ——1760 experience1786 to drop in1802 encounter1814 to come upon ——1820 to run against ——1821 to come in contact with1862 to run across ——1864 to knock or run up against1886 to knock up against1887 1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke Ded. Whose beaten footepath, your..Maiestyes..persone doth so incurre. a1677 I. Barrow Serm. Several Occasions (1678) 262 He that is no longer affected with a Benefit then it incurrs the sense, and suffers not it self to be disregarded. a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) I. 205 Those imported from the East, Where first they were incurr'd, are held the best. 4. a. To run or fall into (some consequence, usually undesirable or injurious); to become through one's own action liable or subject to; to bring upon oneself. ΚΠ 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 699 And so this Robert incurrit greit skayth, And frustrat war than of tha kinrikis bayth. 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 12 I should..haue..incurred y^e suspition of frawd. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) iii. iii. 68 His trespasse..is not almost a fault, To incurre [1623 encurre] a priuate checke. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 15 They not obeying, Incurr'd, what could they less, the penaltie. View more context for this quotation 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 155. ⁋1 No weakness of the human mind has more frequently incurred animadversion. a1797 E. Burke Thoughts on Scarcity (1800) 29 All the expence is incurred gratis. 1812 H. Smith & J. Smith Rejected Addr. 55 Disseminating falsehood without incurring favour. 1838 E. Bulwer-Lytton Calderon ii. 65 I owe you the greatest debt one man can incur to another. 1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. iv. iv. 581 He incurred the displeasure of his sovereign. 1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. v. 366 A fine..was incurred in ordinary cases. 1885 J. Martineau Types Ethical Theory II. 48 Feelings which incur..our disgust or complacency. †b. Obsolete constructions. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring something upon > oneself underliec960 catch?c1225 to run in ——1403 to run into ——?a1425 incurc1460 to run upon ——1583 contract1598 c1460 (a1449) J. Lydgate Legend St. Austin (Harl. 2255) l. 183 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 198 The tenthe part fro God yif thou withdrawe, Thou mvste incurre..To been accursyd by rigour of the lawe. 1726 N. Amhurst Terræ-filius (ed. 2) Pref. 20 He has attempted this change, without incurring upon himself that obloquy and clamour, which usually attend such innovations. †5. To cause to be incurred; to bring on or upon (some one); to entail. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [verb (transitive)] > bring something upon send971 drivea1400 inrun1471 work1487 to draw down1595 invite1599 derive1611 superinduce1615 incur1627 to bring down1662 induce1857 1627 G. Hakewill Apologie iv. xii The Apostles warinesse in not naming it expressely, least thereby he should incurre hatred against the Christian Professours and Religion. 1767 Adventures Kidnapped Orphan 201 The pusillanimous behaviour of the lieutenant..incurred on him the contempt of the whole corps. 1784 Laura & Augustus III. 28 This sickness has necessarily incurred expences, which we are unable to bear. Derivatives incurred adj. /ɪnˈkɜːd/ ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > [adjective] > caused or induced > brought upon oneself incurred1836 1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 181 The interior trade, which they pronounced unequal to the expenses incurred. a1890 J. Brown Serm. (1892) 120 The recklessly incurred..debt. incurring n. and adj. /ɪnˈkɜːrɪŋ/ ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > [noun] > causing > bringing upon or incurring incurring1599 incurment1647 1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. at Incurrimiento Running into, falling into, incurring. 1644 J. Milton tr. M. Bucer Ivdgem. conc. Divorce 18 Not death, but the incurring of notorious infamy. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1900; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < v.c1460
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