英语词汇“in the rough”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

Phrases

P1. in the rough.

a. In a rough, imperfect, or unfinished state; (esp. of a precious stone) before cutting and polishing. Frequently figurative and in figurative contexts. diamond in the rough: = rough diamond n. at rough adj. Compounds 5a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > unpreparedness > unprepared [phrase] > in an immature state

in the blade1584

in the shell1609

in the rougha1649

on the musta1661

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > prototype > [adverb] > in a preliminary way

in the rougha1649

a1649 G. Abbott Brief Notes Psalms (1651) (clxiv. 12) 724 Men and women, that hath been so long unpolished and in the rough, void of all..comliness.

1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. iii. 107/1 Flax all one way, is Flax in the ruff, undressed.

a1740 J. Brereton Poems Several Occasions (1744) 206 Tho' with the Polish'd more delighted, She, Virtue in the rough, ne'er slighted.

1770 D. du Bois Theodora II. 65 You presented me with a diamond in the rough [sc. a young lady], but I think it as well polished a diamond as I ever saw.

1799 Analyt. Rev. 29 246 The stone..was purchased by the Duke of Orleans..; its weight in the rough was 410 carats, when cut 135.

1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 159 Every kind of surface is first formed in the rough, and then finished by means of tools.

1841 in Waldie's Select Circulating Libr. 16 206 A peasant..who found a diamond in the rough, but, not knowing what it was,..was a poor man all his life.

a1878 B. Taylor Stud. German Lit. (1879) 99 An unlettered minstrel, with great qualities in the rough.

1905 G. B. Shaw Let. 21 June (1972) II. 532 The Salvation play, of which only an act and a half (in the rough) is on paper.

1986 T. McGuane To skin Cat (1989) 65 I like the guy. A real diamond in the rough.

2006 New Yorker 2 Oct. 66/1 A few hundred..garnets in the rough, as dull and misshapen as half-eaten sourballs.

b. In disorder; in an ordinary condition; not dressed, tidied, specially prepared, etc. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > untidiness > in an untidy state [phrase]

in the rough1793

1793 A. Witts Diary 6 Sept. in Edinb. Diary (2016) 68 Much continued bustle & unpacking, too much in the rough to admit M^r Charteris who call'd again.

1825 L. L. Cameron Seeds Greediness 3 ‘We are all in the rough to-day, Sir,’ answered the woman; ‘for I am very busy with this job’.

1844 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit xxxiii ‘You'll have a party?’ said Crimple. ‘No, I won't,’ I said; ‘he shall take us in the rough’.

1900 Mrs. Alexander Step-mother 134 ‘You are all very good to take us in the rough.’ ‘My dear fellow, we have full faith in the resources of your establishment.’

2003 E. Carmichael Gone to Dogs iii. 56 ‎A sweep of his hand indicated the jeans and sweater... ‘Tuesday mornings the staff and clients have to put up with me in the rough.’

c. Roughly; approximately. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > exactness, accuracy, precision > closeness to accuracy > [adverb]

much1560

nearly1594

muchwhat1619

nigh about1632

closely1682

roughly1768

close1833

approximatively1835

proximately1839

in the rough1841

approximately1845

along1852

nearbouta1857

in a sort of (sorta) way1868

in the (right) ballpark1945

grosso modo1952

1841 G. R. Gliddon Mem. Cotton Egypt 33 The entire crop of 1837–38, which was estimated, in the rough, at 80000 bales, remained untouched.

1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. iii. 28 In the rough, it may be said that the cost of producing a pound Troy of gold [etc.].

1908 Amer. Rev. of Reviews June 709/1 New York to Chicago, a distance, in the rough, of 1000 miles.

1919 W. B. Munro Govt. U.S. xxxviii. 550 This generalization, however, is true only in the rough.

P2. in rough: in an unpolished or unrefined way or form; roughly, as a rough draft.

ΚΠ

1805 in T. B. Howell State Trials (1822) XXX. 277 I may as interpreter sometimes take the depositions in rough, but it is the duty of the escrivano to copy them fair in the process.

1898 Overland Monthly Feb. 152 (caption) A design in rough for the proposed monument of Balboa to be set up at the Golden Gate Park overlooking the sea.

1914 E. Lehman Jewish Teacher 46 Draw, in rough, on the blackboard the coast-line of Palestine and Syria.

1949 Manch. Guardian 26 May 7/3 The positive proposals they are believed to have drafted in rough before the conference opened.

2002 L. W. B. Brockliss Calvet's Web ii. 98 A letter sent to the Abbé Crillon in 1771..was doubtless initially written in rough because it must have been hard to strike the right tone.

P3. Scottish. rough and round: plain and plentiful food; simple but generous fare or hospitality. Now rare.

ΚΠ

1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Rouch... They do nae keep a genteel house, but they have ay plenty of rouch and round.

1904 Border Mag. Mar. 69 The exertions he uses in making them comfortable, and that in a style somewhat superior to what might have been termed ‘the rough and round’ of those days.

P4. to take the rough with (also and) the smooth: to accept the unpleasant as well as the good aspects of something, esp. life. Also with plural construction.

ΚΠ

1780 Lett. Late Ld. Lyttelton xii. 81 He is a most lively, good-humoured, and pleasant man, who..seems to take the rough and the smooth with an equal countenance.

1804 European Mag. 45 334/1 In this manner had Blair and his horse Pocket..travelled, and taken the roughs and the smooths of the world together.

1862 W. M. Thackeray Adventures of Philip I. ix. 150 You and I will take..the roughs and the smooths of this daily existence.

1900 J. K. Jerome Three Men on Bummel 190 One must take a little rough with one's smooth.

a1979 J. Grenfell Turn back Clock (1983) 132 Always with a smile Ready to take the rough and the smooth To go the extra mile.

2001 Independent 5 Dec. (Wednesday Review section) 5/1 In the top jobs you have to take the rough with the smooth.

†P5.

rough of the mouth n. Obsolete the palate; = roof of the mouth at roof n. 6a.In the 16th-cent. quots. rough may perhaps represent a variant form of roof n.: ruff(e) of the mouth is recorded in the 15th and 16th centuries (compare quot. a1475 at roof n. 6a).In quot. 1625 probably: whalebone.

ΚΠ

1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. 18^v In englyshe it is named a hote vlceration in the rough or palat of the mouth.

1569 R. Androse tr. ‘Alessio’ 4th Bk. Secretes 29 (margin) Nuca, is the vppermost part of the head, and some take it for the rough of the mouth.

1625 W. Baffin in S. Purchas Pilgrimes III. iv. xix. 843 A dead Whale wee found at Sea, hauing all her finnes (or rather all the rough of her mouth).

1754 Gentleman & Lady's Palladium 54 In Cunnundrum-Court, London, Gold Plates are completely fitted to the Rough of the Mouth, so as to prevent speaking through the Nose.

1807 J. Walker Crit. Pronouncing Dict. (ed. 3) p. xc The rough r is formed by jarring the tip of the tongue against the rough of the mouth near the fore teeth.

1883 W. H. Burt Physiol. Materia Medica (ed. 3) 366 Rough of the mouth always red.

P6. colloquial. a bit (also piece) of rough: a (usually male) sexual partner whose rough or unrefined behaviour is a source of physical attraction. Cf. rough trade n.In quot. 1902: a woman viewed as a sexual object, apparently without the suggestion of unsophistication. This sense is dated to c1870 in E. Partridge Dict. Slang (1937), but without supporting evidence.

ΚΠ

1902 J. S. Farmer & W. E. Henley Slang VI. i. 57/1 A bit of rough = a woman.

1973 Guardian 27 Apr. 14/4 The playwright delves into the reasons why it is possible on occasions for a bit of rough to fascinate so much more than a good woman.

1984 ‘Pickles’ Queens 104 The desire to have a bit of rough—slumming it—is an obvious form of inverted snobbery, often found among queens.

1994 I. Botham My Autobiogr. x. 196 He's definitely every woman's piece of rough.

1996 ikon Jan.–Feb. 76/2 If a nice bit of Northern rough..is all you're after, it's worth bearing in mind that a Lad is easier to attract than almost any kind of man.

2008 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 6 Nov. 67/1 Miriam is, to put it mildly, a bit of rough.

单词	in the rough
释义	> as lemmas in the rough Phrases P1. in the rough. a. In a rough, imperfect, or unfinished state; (esp. of a precious stone) before cutting and polishing. Frequently figurative and in figurative contexts. diamond in the rough: = rough diamond n. at rough adj. Compounds 5a. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > undertaking > preparation > unpreparedness > unprepared [phrase] > in an immature state in the blade1584 in the shell1609 in the rougha1649 on the musta1661 the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > prototype > [adverb] > in a preliminary way in the rougha1649 a1649 G. Abbott Brief Notes Psalms (1651) (clxiv. 12) 724 Men and women, that hath been so long unpolished and in the rough, void of all..comliness. 1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. iii. 107/1 Flax all one way, is Flax in the ruff, undressed. a1740 J. Brereton Poems Several Occasions (1744) 206 Tho' with the Polish'd more delighted, She, Virtue in the rough, ne'er slighted. 1770 D. du Bois Theodora II. 65 You presented me with a diamond in the rough [sc. a young lady], but I think it as well polished a diamond as I ever saw. 1799 Analyt. Rev. 29 246 The stone..was purchased by the Duke of Orleans..; its weight in the rough was 410 carats, when cut 135. 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 159 Every kind of surface is first formed in the rough, and then finished by means of tools. 1841 in Waldie's Select Circulating Libr. 16 206 A peasant..who found a diamond in the rough, but, not knowing what it was,..was a poor man all his life. a1878 B. Taylor Stud. German Lit. (1879) 99 An unlettered minstrel, with great qualities in the rough. 1905 G. B. Shaw Let. 21 June (1972) II. 532 The Salvation play, of which only an act and a half (in the rough) is on paper. 1986 T. McGuane To skin Cat (1989) 65 I like the guy. A real diamond in the rough. 2006 New Yorker 2 Oct. 66/1 A few hundred..garnets in the rough, as dull and misshapen as half-eaten sourballs. b. In disorder; in an ordinary condition; not dressed, tidied, specially prepared, etc. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > disorder > confusion or disorder > untidiness > in an untidy state [phrase] in the rough1793 1793 A. Witts Diary 6 Sept. in Edinb. Diary (2016) 68 Much continued bustle & unpacking, too much in the rough to admit M^r Charteris who call'd again. 1825 L. L. Cameron Seeds Greediness 3 ‘We are all in the rough to-day, Sir,’ answered the woman; ‘for I am very busy with this job’. 1844 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit xxxiii ‘You'll have a party?’ said Crimple. ‘No, I won't,’ I said; ‘he shall take us in the rough’. 1900 Mrs. Alexander Step-mother 134 ‘You are all very good to take us in the rough.’ ‘My dear fellow, we have full faith in the resources of your establishment.’ 2003 E. Carmichael Gone to Dogs iii. 56 ‎A sweep of his hand indicated the jeans and sweater... ‘Tuesday mornings the staff and clients have to put up with me in the rough.’ c. Roughly; approximately. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > freedom from error, correctness > exactness, accuracy, precision > closeness to accuracy > [adverb] much1560 nearly1594 muchwhat1619 nigh about1632 closely1682 roughly1768 close1833 approximatively1835 proximately1839 in the rough1841 approximately1845 along1852 nearbouta1857 in a sort of (sorta) way1868 in the (right) ballpark1945 grosso modo1952 1841 G. R. Gliddon Mem. Cotton Egypt 33 The entire crop of 1837–38, which was estimated, in the rough, at 80000 bales, remained untouched. 1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. iii. 28 In the rough, it may be said that the cost of producing a pound Troy of gold [etc.]. 1908 Amer. Rev. of Reviews June 709/1 New York to Chicago, a distance, in the rough, of 1000 miles. 1919 W. B. Munro Govt. U.S. xxxviii. 550 This generalization, however, is true only in the rough. P2. in rough: in an unpolished or unrefined way or form; roughly, as a rough draft. ΚΠ 1805 in T. B. Howell State Trials (1822) XXX. 277 I may as interpreter sometimes take the depositions in rough, but it is the duty of the escrivano to copy them fair in the process. 1898 Overland Monthly Feb. 152 (caption) A design in rough for the proposed monument of Balboa to be set up at the Golden Gate Park overlooking the sea. 1914 E. Lehman Jewish Teacher 46 Draw, in rough, on the blackboard the coast-line of Palestine and Syria. 1949 Manch. Guardian 26 May 7/3 The positive proposals they are believed to have drafted in rough before the conference opened. 2002 L. W. B. Brockliss Calvet's Web ii. 98 A letter sent to the Abbé Crillon in 1771..was doubtless initially written in rough because it must have been hard to strike the right tone. P3. Scottish. rough and round: plain and plentiful food; simple but generous fare or hospitality. Now rare. ΚΠ 1808 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Rouch... They do nae keep a genteel house, but they have ay plenty of rouch and round. 1904 Border Mag. Mar. 69 The exertions he uses in making them comfortable, and that in a style somewhat superior to what might have been termed ‘the rough and round’ of those days. P4. to take the rough with (also and) the smooth: to accept the unpleasant as well as the good aspects of something, esp. life. Also with plural construction. ΚΠ 1780 Lett. Late Ld. Lyttelton xii. 81 He is a most lively, good-humoured, and pleasant man, who..seems to take the rough and the smooth with an equal countenance. 1804 European Mag. 45 334/1 In this manner had Blair and his horse Pocket..travelled, and taken the roughs and the smooths of the world together. 1862 W. M. Thackeray Adventures of Philip I. ix. 150 You and I will take..the roughs and the smooths of this daily existence. 1900 J. K. Jerome Three Men on Bummel 190 One must take a little rough with one's smooth. a1979 J. Grenfell Turn back Clock (1983) 132 Always with a smile Ready to take the rough and the smooth To go the extra mile. 2001 Independent 5 Dec. (Wednesday Review section) 5/1 In the top jobs you have to take the rough with the smooth. †P5. rough of the mouth n. Obsolete the palate; = roof of the mouth at roof n. 6a.In the 16th-cent. quots. rough may perhaps represent a variant form of roof n.: ruff(e) of the mouth is recorded in the 15th and 16th centuries (compare quot. a1475 at roof n. 6a).In quot. 1625 probably: whalebone. ΚΠ 1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. 18^v In englyshe it is named a hote vlceration in the rough or palat of the mouth. 1569 R. Androse tr. ‘Alessio’ 4th Bk. Secretes 29 (margin) Nuca, is the vppermost part of the head, and some take it for the rough of the mouth. 1625 W. Baffin in S. Purchas Pilgrimes III. iv. xix. 843 A dead Whale wee found at Sea, hauing all her finnes (or rather all the rough of her mouth). 1754 Gentleman & Lady's Palladium 54 In Cunnundrum-Court, London, Gold Plates are completely fitted to the Rough of the Mouth, so as to prevent speaking through the Nose. 1807 J. Walker Crit. Pronouncing Dict. (ed. 3) p. xc The rough r is formed by jarring the tip of the tongue against the rough of the mouth near the fore teeth. 1883 W. H. Burt Physiol. Materia Medica (ed. 3) 366 Rough of the mouth always red. P6. colloquial. a bit (also piece) of rough: a (usually male) sexual partner whose rough or unrefined behaviour is a source of physical attraction. Cf. rough trade n.In quot. 1902: a woman viewed as a sexual object, apparently without the suggestion of unsophistication. This sense is dated to c1870 in E. Partridge Dict. Slang (1937), but without supporting evidence. ΚΠ 1902 J. S. Farmer & W. E. Henley Slang VI. i. 57/1 A bit of rough = a woman. 1973 Guardian 27 Apr. 14/4 The playwright delves into the reasons why it is possible on occasions for a bit of rough to fascinate so much more than a good woman. 1984 ‘Pickles’ Queens 104 The desire to have a bit of rough—slumming it—is an obvious form of inverted snobbery, often found among queens. 1994 I. Botham My Autobiogr. x. 196 He's definitely every woman's piece of rough. 1996 ikon Jan.–Feb. 76/2 If a nice bit of Northern rough..is all you're after, it's worth bearing in mind that a Lad is easier to attract than almost any kind of man. 2008 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 6 Nov. 67/1 Miriam is, to put it mildly, a bit of rough. extracted from roughn.¹ < as lemmas
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