assurev.

Brit.

/əˈʃɔː/,

/əˈʃʊə/, U.S.

/əˈʃʊ(ə)r/

Forms: Also Middle English aseure, asseure, (Scottish assower), Middle English asure, 1500s assurre.

Etymology: < Old French aseürer (modern assurer ), cognate with Provençal assegurar , Italian assecurare < late Latin adsēcūrāre , < ad to + sēcūrus safe: see assecure v., secure n.², and sure adj., adv., and int.

†1.

a. transitive. To render safe or secure (from attack or danger); to secure. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > make safe or secure [verb (transitive)]

stablishc1384

assure1413

sure?a1425

secure1587

assecurea1600

trench1601

safe1602

insafe1628

retrench1705

1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1483) iv. xxx. 80 He hath no more to care fore..but his propre persone . whiche he wil assuren as ferforth as he may.

a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 1574 Yhour cuntre and yhour lond he will assurre.

1595 T. Bedingfield tr. N. Machiavelli Florentine Hist. i. 2 Neither was..Bretagna..assured from such inuasion.

1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. v. i. §6. 348 The Romans, the better to assure themselues, cut a deepe trench.

†b. To secure to oneself, make sure of. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > assured fact, certainty > certain prospect or possession > make sure, secure [verb (transitive)] > secure to oneself

assure1591

secure1675

1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Life Agricola in tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. 248 Being of opinion rather to keepe & assure the places suspected.

1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vi. 26 To assure that City to his Service.

c. To make safe from or against (of obsolete) risks; to insure. esp. in modern usage to assure life: to secure the payment of a specified sum in the event of death. Also absol. (Cf. assurance n. 5.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > make safe or secure [verb (transitive)] > assure (a person) of safety > against or from something

assurec1385

guaranty1732

guarantee1804

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > insure [verb (transitive)] > a life or secure payment upon death

ensure1747

assure1852

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 1629 Of whiche no creature Save only she ne myghte hys lyf assure.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde iii. viii. 147 The fruytes..ben..more assured of tempestes and other greuaunces.

1852 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Commerce 755 Persons assuring their own lives.

1852 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Commerce 756 Those who assure with this Company will participate in the profits.

1884 Manch. Examiner 26 June 5/1 If they could be assured against any unpleasant consequences.

2. To make secure against change or overthrow; to make stable, establish securely.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > make safe or secure [verb (transitive)] > from falling, change, or overthrow

assurea1513

stallc1540

secure1710

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. xxx. f. xii The whiche condicions well & suerly vpon the Dukes partie..assured.

1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 659 Force, feare, & the multitude of his gard, assure not the estate of a Prince so well, as the good wil..of his subiects.

1679 J. Dryden & N. Lee Oedipus Epil. As weak States each others pow'r assure, Weak Poets by Conjunction are secure.

1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. iv. vii. 305 The two chiefs who most assured his throne.

†3. To secure or make sure the possession or reversion of; to convey property by deed. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > transfer of property > types of transfer > [verb (transitive)] > grant by charter or deed

bookOE

convey1495

assure1572

reassure1592

granta1599

grant1766

deed1816

1572 Act 14 Eliz. xi. §5 in Enactments Parl. conc. Univ. Oxf. & Cambr. (1869) 33 All such Houses and Groundes may bee granted dimised and assured.

a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. B4^v And with my proper blood Assure my soule to be great Lucifers.

1611 Bible (King James) Lev. xxvii. 19 He shal adde the fift part of the money of thy estimation vnto it, and it shall be assured to him.

1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon i. i. 41 He assur'd to himself the whole Countrey of Champagne.

†4. To make sure for marriage, affiance, betroth, or engage. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > betrothal > betroth [verb (transitive)]

handfastlOE

spousea1225

spousec1300

truthc1330

sickerc1384

assure1393

ensurea1450

fiancea1450

affya1500

insure1530

affiance1531

promise1548

betroth1566

espouse1581

contract1599

engage1728

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 190 He wol her wedde, and upon this Assured eche til othir is.

1494 R. Fabyan New Chron. Eng. vii. 496 The Flemynges..had constrayned theyr erle to be assured, by bonde of assurance, unto y^e doughter of Kyng Edward.

1591 H. Savile in tr. Tacitus Life Agricola in tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. 242 He assured to me his daughter.

5. To make certain the occurrence or arrival of (an event); to ensure.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > assured fact, certainty > certain prospect or possession > make sure, secure [verb (transitive)]

fand1307

firm1530

to make sure1565

secure1601

warranta1616

assure1622

incertain1628

insure1686

sickera1693

ensure1744

seal1810

guarantee1820

ice1908

1622 T. Scott Belgicke Pismire 4 To assure a better life hereafter.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 58 Yet is not the Success for Years assur'd .

1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters i. 10 Nothing which shall assure the accomplishment of her purpose.

1878 B. Taylor Prince Deukalion i. ii. 27 Forever shall betray it and assure My coming triumph.

6. To make certain (a thing doubtful). archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > assured fact, certainty > making certain, assurance > assure, make certain [verb (transitive)] > make a certainty of

ascertain1628

assure1682

1682 J. Dryden Religio Laici 1 Not to assure our doubtfull way.

1832 G. C. Lewis Remarks Use & Abuse Polit. Terms Introd. 2 Assuring the results or detecting the fallacies.

†7. transitive. To guarantee:

a. (a thing to a person); to promise as a thing that may be depended on. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise or vow [verb (transitive)] > guarantee

fast?a1160

pledge?a1439

assure1447

ensure1460

avouch1548

ratify1599

seal1628

underwrite1838

warrant1849

1447 O. Bokenham Lyvys Seyntys 31 They hym assuryd with scrypture and seel Evere cloos to kepyn al hys counseel.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 482 Assureth me youre feith to holde me companye.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy xix. 8001 All þo couenandes to kepe..This he sadly assurit at the same tyme.

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia (1629) 74 The President assuring the King perpetual love.

1680 Life Edw. II in Harl. Misc. (1793) 36 He assures a reformation.

b. a person from a thing. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > make safe or secure [verb (transitive)] > assure (a person) of safety > from something

warrantise?1533

assure1819

insure1825

1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. iv. 79 I will assure you from all deaths but a violent one.

†c. absol. or with subordinate clause. To give a guarantee, promise, pledge oneself. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise, vow, or pledge [verb (intransitive)] > give assurances

assurec1386

avouch1532

to give (one's) faith1558

c1386 G. Chaucer Doctor's Tale 143 This juge..made him to assure He schulde telle it to no creature.

a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 145 Thei swore and assured to-geder, that neuer shulde thei be gladde till thei were avenged.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy xxvi. 10475 He assentid full sone, asurit with hond.

a. transitive. To give confidence to, confirm, encourage.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)]

hearteOE

bieldc897

hardenc1175

elnea1225

hardyc1225

boldc1275

hardishc1325

endurec1384

assurec1386

emboldc1400

recomfortc1405

enharda1450

support1479

enhardy1483

animatec1487

encourage1490

emboldishc1503

hearten1524

bolden1526

spright1531

raise1533

accourage1534

enheart1545

to hearten on1555

hearten?1556

alacriate1560

bespirit1574

bebrave1576

to put in heart1579

to hearten up1580

embolden1583

bravea1593

enhearten1610

inspiritc1610

rehearten1611

blood1622

mana1625

valiant1628

flush1633

firm1639

buoy1645

embrave1648

reinhearten1652

reanimate1655

reinspirit1660

to give mettle to1689

warm1697

to lift (up) a person's spirits1711

reman1715

to make a man of1722

respirit1725

elate1726

to cocker up1762

enharden1779

nerve1799

boost1815

brace1816

high-mettle1831

braven1865

brazen1884

c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 37 Youre humanité Assureth us and giveth us hardynesse.

1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 42 His corage, by the whiche he shalbe the more assured in all his nedis.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vi. 225 His gentill hert and vorthy Assurit [1489 Adv. Assuryt] him intill that neide.

1591 E. Spenser tr. J. du Bellay Visions in Complaints vii By more and more she gan her wings t' assure.

1611 Bible (King James) 1 John iii. 19 And hereby we..shall assure our hearts before him.

1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. v. 76 A pure man forgives, or pleads for mercy, or assures the penitent.

†b. reflexive (in sense of c.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or strengthen oneself [verb (reflexive)]

assure1370

to hearten up1694

1370 Lay-Folks Mass-bk. App. iv. 223 In Marie · I me a~seure.

1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 95 Man, when he resteth and assureth himselfe, vpon diuine Protection.

1641 tr. F. Cupisse Blind Guide Forsaken 18 To assure our selves upon that promise of our Lord Jesus.

†c. intransitive. To have confidence, trust, rely. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > trust [verb (intransitive)]

hopec888

believeOE

trowc1000

levec1175

strusta1250

trista1250

trestc1275

traista1300

affyc1330

assurec1374

restc1384

sover1488

confidea1525

faith1555

relyc1571

build1573

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde i. 681 As frend fullich yn me assure, And tel me plat what is thencheson.

c1420 Pallad. on Husb. v. 185 Towarde nyght in restyng thai assure.

1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) xi. 309 In his hey chewalry yai assoweryt [1487 St. John's Cambr. Thai had assouerans] rycht soueranly.

†d. reflexive and intransitive. To be so bold as, dare, venture.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > courage > daring > venturousness > dare to do [verb]

darec1000

assurec1385

venture1598

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 908 Late no gentyl woman hyre assure To pottyn hire in swich an aventure.

1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados xi. xv. 95 He na langare durst..Assure for to debate him, with his spere.

a. transitive. To make (a person) sure or certain (of a fact, or that it is).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > assured fact, certainty > making certain, assurance > assure, make certain [verb (transitive)]

certify1340

assure1393

surec1460

ascertain1490

recognosce1533

secure1602

sickera1693

vouch1780

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 186 That ye me wolde assure and say With such an othe, as ye woll take.

a1555 H. Latimer Wks. (1845) II. 491 By him I could assure you, if I had time.

1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. B6 Thy words assure me of kind successe.

1611 Bible (King James) 2 Tim. iii. 14 Continue thou in the things which thou hast learned, and hast been assured of.

1658 Whole Duty of Man (1684) iv. §2. 38 The use of oaths being to assure the persons to whom they are made.

1843 J. S. Mill Syst. Logic II. iii. xvii. §1 To consider how we are to assure ourselves of its truth.

1879 M. E. Braddon Vixen III. 287 What can I do to assure you of my love?

b. reflexive and in passive. To feel certain or satisfied.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > feel certain [verb (reflexive)]

assurea1538

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 102 Of thys we may be assuryd.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. vii. sig. G5^v Assure your selfe, I will you not forsake.

1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women I. i. 9 Be assured it proceeds from real regard.

1826 W. Scott Woodstock I. iv. 102 Assure yourself, sir..that his sagacity saw in this man a stranger.

1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. iv. 105 Be at least assured That all the other gods approve it not.

10.

a. To tell (a person) confidently as a thing that he may trust (that it is, or of its being).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > act of convincing, conviction > bring to belief, convince [verb (transitive)] > by assertion

tella1275

assurea1535

over-talk1605

to talk over1734

to put over1908

to put across1910

a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 43/1 I assure him quod the Archebishoppe..it will neuer bee soo well as wee haue seene it.

1602 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor ii. ii. 103 Quic. I think you work by Inchantments..Fal. Not I, I assure thee.

1705 T. Hearne Ductor Historicus (ed. 2) I. iii. 482 Thucydides assures us 'twas built 5 Years after Syracuse.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 508. ⁋5 I assure you these are things worthy your consideration.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §2. 477 The Spanish ambassador..was assured that no effectual aid should be sent to the Palatinate.

1885 N.E.D. at Assure Mod. He assured us of his own willingness to go.

†b. with second object. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1644 H. Slingsby Diary (1836) 127 The man..that assured me the truth of it.

a1718 W. Penn Life in Wks. (1726) I. 22 Their Age no Antiquary living can assure us.

†11.

a. transitive. To state positively, to affirm. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. xxix. 23 This I testifie and assure.

1587 D. Fenner Def. Godlie Ministers sig. Bii When the people is..secure, to bee more diligent in assuring threatninges.

1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales iii. ii. 67 I will not assure, either of those things.

a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1683) II. 20 About which points neither Socrates nor Seneca could assure any thing.

†b. with subordinate clause or infinitive phr. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [verb (transitive)]

vowc1330

anferme1340

affirma1382

willa1382

threapc1386

avow1393

to make oneself strongc1425

maintain?c1430

protest1440

traverse1491

assure1509

ferma1525

verc1540

profess1542

enforce1579

justify1579

aver1582

to take on1583

asserta1604

will1614

assevera1618

positive1656

autume1661

declare1709

obtesta1722

predicate1782

asseveratea1847

1509 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. (1876) 293 Whether slepynge or wakyng she could not assure.

1638 T. Heywood Wise Woman iv. i, in Wks. (1874) V. 329 If hee assure to know mee, I'le out face him.

1708 J. Swift Predict. for 1708 4 I cannot..so confidently assure the Events will follow exactly as I predict them.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	assure
释义	† assuren. Etymology: < assure v. Obsolete. Assurance. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > security > [noun] sickerness?c1225 caution1297 plevina1325 suretyc1330 assurec1374 sickerty1405 baila1593 assinat1652 c1374 G. Chaucer Anelida & Arcite 331 To profre a newe assure. 1658 J. Ussher Ann. World (1683) vi. 745 Not taking any meat without assure. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2021). assurev. Brit. /əˈʃɔː/, /əˈʃʊə/, U.S. /əˈʃʊ(ə)r/ Forms: Also Middle English aseure, asseure, (Scottish assower), Middle English asure, 1500s assurre. Etymology: < Old French aseürer (modern assurer ), cognate with Provençal assegurar , Italian assecurare < late Latin adsēcūrāre , < ad to + sēcūrus safe: see assecure v., secure n.², and sure adj., adv., and int. †1. a. transitive. To render safe or secure (from attack or danger); to secure. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > make safe or secure [verb (transitive)] stablishc1384 assure1413 sure?a1425 secure1587 assecurea1600 trench1601 safe1602 insafe1628 retrench1705 1413 J. Lydgate Pilgr. of Sowle (1483) iv. xxx. 80 He hath no more to care fore..but his propre persone . whiche he wil assuren as ferforth as he may. a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 1574 Yhour cuntre and yhour lond he will assurre. 1595 T. Bedingfield tr. N. Machiavelli Florentine Hist. i. 2 Neither was..Bretagna..assured from such inuasion. 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. v. i. §6. 348 The Romans, the better to assure themselues, cut a deepe trench. †b. To secure to oneself, make sure of. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > assured fact, certainty > certain prospect or possession > make sure, secure [verb (transitive)] > secure to oneself assure1591 secure1675 1591 H. Savile tr. Tacitus Life Agricola in tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. 248 Being of opinion rather to keepe & assure the places suspected. 1703 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion II. vi. 26 To assure that City to his Service. c. To make safe from or against (of obsolete) risks; to insure. esp. in modern usage to assure life: to secure the payment of a specified sum in the event of death. Also absol. (Cf. assurance n. 5.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > make safe or secure [verb (transitive)] > assure (a person) of safety > against or from something assurec1385 guaranty1732 guarantee1804 society > trade and finance > financial dealings > insurance > insure [verb (transitive)] > a life or secure payment upon death ensure1747 assure1852 c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 1629 Of whiche no creature Save only she ne myghte hys lyf assure. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Myrrour of Worlde iii. viii. 147 The fruytes..ben..more assured of tempestes and other greuaunces. 1852 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Commerce 755 Persons assuring their own lives. 1852 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Commerce 756 Those who assure with this Company will participate in the profits. 1884 Manch. Examiner 26 June 5/1 If they could be assured against any unpleasant consequences. 2. To make secure against change or overthrow; to make stable, establish securely. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > make safe or secure [verb (transitive)] > from falling, change, or overthrow assurea1513 stallc1540 secure1710 a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. xxx. f. xii The whiche condicions well & suerly vpon the Dukes partie..assured. 1586 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. I. 659 Force, feare, & the multitude of his gard, assure not the estate of a Prince so well, as the good wil..of his subiects. 1679 J. Dryden & N. Lee Oedipus Epil. As weak States each others pow'r assure, Weak Poets by Conjunction are secure. 1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. iv. vii. 305 The two chiefs who most assured his throne. †3. To secure or make sure the possession or reversion of; to convey property by deed. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > transfer of property > types of transfer > [verb (transitive)] > grant by charter or deed bookOE convey1495 assure1572 reassure1592 granta1599 grant1766 deed1816 1572 Act 14 Eliz. xi. §5 in Enactments Parl. conc. Univ. Oxf. & Cambr. (1869) 33 All such Houses and Groundes may bee granted dimised and assured. a1593 C. Marlowe Tragicall Hist. Faustus (1604) sig. B4^v And with my proper blood Assure my soule to be great Lucifers. 1611 Bible (King James) Lev. xxvii. 19 He shal adde the fift part of the money of thy estimation vnto it, and it shall be assured to him. View more context for this quotation 1670 C. Cotton tr. G. Girard Hist. Life Duke of Espernon i. i. 41 He assur'd to himself the whole Countrey of Champagne. †4. To make sure for marriage, affiance, betroth, or engage. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > betrothal > betroth [verb (transitive)] handfastlOE spousea1225 spousec1300 truthc1330 sickerc1384 assure1393 ensurea1450 fiancea1450 affya1500 insure1530 affiance1531 promise1548 betroth1566 espouse1581 contract1599 engage1728 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 190 He wol her wedde, and upon this Assured eche til othir is. 1494 R. Fabyan New Chron. Eng. vii. 496 The Flemynges..had constrayned theyr erle to be assured, by bonde of assurance, unto y^e doughter of Kyng Edward. 1591 H. Savile in tr. Tacitus Life Agricola in tr. Tacitus Ende of Nero: Fower Bks. Hist. 242 He assured to me his daughter. 5. To make certain the occurrence or arrival of (an event); to ensure. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > assured fact, certainty > certain prospect or possession > make sure, secure [verb (transitive)] fand1307 firm1530 to make sure1565 secure1601 warranta1616 assure1622 incertain1628 insure1686 sickera1693 ensure1744 seal1810 guarantee1820 ice1908 1622 T. Scott Belgicke Pismire 4 To assure a better life hereafter. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 58 Yet is not the Success for Years assur'd . View more context for this quotation 1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters i. 10 Nothing which shall assure the accomplishment of her purpose. 1878 B. Taylor Prince Deukalion i. ii. 27 Forever shall betray it and assure My coming triumph. 6. To make certain (a thing doubtful). archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > assured fact, certainty > making certain, assurance > assure, make certain [verb (transitive)] > make a certainty of ascertain1628 assure1682 1682 J. Dryden Religio Laici 1 Not to assure our doubtfull way. 1832 G. C. Lewis Remarks Use & Abuse Polit. Terms Introd. 2 Assuring the results or detecting the fallacies. †7. transitive. To guarantee: a. (a thing to a person); to promise as a thing that may be depended on. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise or vow [verb (transitive)] > guarantee fast?a1160 pledge?a1439 assure1447 ensure1460 avouch1548 ratify1599 seal1628 underwrite1838 warrant1849 1447 O. Bokenham Lyvys Seyntys 31 They hym assuryd with scrypture and seel Evere cloos to kepyn al hys counseel. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 482 Assureth me youre feith to holde me companye. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy xix. 8001 All þo couenandes to kepe..This he sadly assurit at the same tyme. 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia (1629) 74 The President assuring the King perpetual love. 1680 Life Edw. II in Harl. Misc. (1793) 36 He assures a reformation. b. a person from a thing. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > make safe or secure [verb (transitive)] > assure (a person) of safety > from something warrantise?1533 assure1819 insure1825 1819 W. Scott Ivanhoe I. iv. 79 I will assure you from all deaths but a violent one. †c. absol. or with subordinate clause. To give a guarantee, promise, pledge oneself. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > agreement > promise > promise, vow, or pledge [verb (intransitive)] > give assurances assurec1386 avouch1532 to give (one's) faith1558 c1386 G. Chaucer Doctor's Tale 143 This juge..made him to assure He schulde telle it to no creature. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 145 Thei swore and assured to-geder, that neuer shulde thei be gladde till thei were avenged. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy xxvi. 10475 He assentid full sone, asurit with hond. 8. a. transitive. To give confidence to, confirm, encourage. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or embolden [verb (transitive)] hearteOE bieldc897 hardenc1175 elnea1225 hardyc1225 boldc1275 hardishc1325 endurec1384 assurec1386 emboldc1400 recomfortc1405 enharda1450 support1479 enhardy1483 animatec1487 encourage1490 emboldishc1503 hearten1524 bolden1526 spright1531 raise1533 accourage1534 enheart1545 to hearten on1555 hearten?1556 alacriate1560 bespirit1574 bebrave1576 to put in heart1579 to hearten up1580 embolden1583 bravea1593 enhearten1610 inspiritc1610 rehearten1611 blood1622 mana1625 valiant1628 flush1633 firm1639 buoy1645 embrave1648 reinhearten1652 reanimate1655 reinspirit1660 to give mettle to1689 warm1697 to lift (up) a person's spirits1711 reman1715 to make a man of1722 respirit1725 elate1726 to cocker up1762 enharden1779 nerve1799 boost1815 brace1816 high-mettle1831 braven1865 brazen1884 c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 37 Youre humanité Assureth us and giveth us hardynesse. 1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 42 His corage, by the whiche he shalbe the more assured in all his nedis. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) vi. 225 His gentill hert and vorthy Assurit [1489 Adv. Assuryt] him intill that neide. 1591 E. Spenser tr. J. du Bellay Visions in Complaints vii By more and more she gan her wings t' assure. 1611 Bible (King James) 1 John iii. 19 And hereby we..shall assure our hearts before him. View more context for this quotation 1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. 3rd Ser. v. 76 A pure man forgives, or pleads for mercy, or assures the penitent. †b. reflexive (in sense of c.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > encourage or strengthen oneself [verb (reflexive)] assure1370 to hearten up1694 1370 Lay-Folks Mass-bk. App. iv. 223 In Marie · I me a~seure. 1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 95 Man, when he resteth and assureth himselfe, vpon diuine Protection. 1641 tr. F. Cupisse Blind Guide Forsaken 18 To assure our selves upon that promise of our Lord Jesus. †c. intransitive. To have confidence, trust, rely. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > trust [verb (intransitive)] hopec888 believeOE trowc1000 levec1175 strusta1250 trista1250 trestc1275 traista1300 affyc1330 assurec1374 restc1384 sover1488 confidea1525 faith1555 relyc1571 build1573 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde i. 681 As frend fullich yn me assure, And tel me plat what is thencheson. c1420 Pallad. on Husb. v. 185 Towarde nyght in restyng thai assure. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) xi. 309 In his hey chewalry yai assoweryt [1487 St. John's Cambr. Thai had assouerans] rycht soueranly. †d. reflexive and intransitive. To be so bold as, dare, venture. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > courage > daring > venturousness > dare to do [verb] darec1000 assurec1385 venture1598 c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 908 Late no gentyl woman hyre assure To pottyn hire in swich an aventure. 1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados xi. xv. 95 He na langare durst..Assure for to debate him, with his spere. 9. a. transitive. To make (a person) sure or certain (of a fact, or that it is). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > assured fact, certainty > making certain, assurance > assure, make certain [verb (transitive)] certify1340 assure1393 surec1460 ascertain1490 recognosce1533 secure1602 sickera1693 vouch1780 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 186 That ye me wolde assure and say With such an othe, as ye woll take. a1555 H. Latimer Wks. (1845) II. 491 By him I could assure you, if I had time. 1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. B6 Thy words assure me of kind successe. 1611 Bible (King James) 2 Tim. iii. 14 Continue thou in the things which thou hast learned, and hast been assured of. View more context for this quotation 1658 Whole Duty of Man (1684) iv. §2. 38 The use of oaths being to assure the persons to whom they are made. 1843 J. S. Mill Syst. Logic II. iii. xvii. §1 To consider how we are to assure ourselves of its truth. 1879 M. E. Braddon Vixen III. 287 What can I do to assure you of my love? b. reflexive and in passive. To feel certain or satisfied. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > uncertainty, doubt, hesitation > absence of doubt, confidence > feel certain [verb (reflexive)] assurea1538 a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 102 Of thys we may be assuryd. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. vii. sig. G5^v Assure your selfe, I will you not forsake. 1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women I. i. 9 Be assured it proceeds from real regard. 1826 W. Scott Woodstock I. iv. 102 Assure yourself, sir..that his sagacity saw in this man a stranger. 1870 W. C. Bryant tr. Homer Iliad I. iv. 105 Be at least assured That all the other gods approve it not. 10. a. To tell (a person) confidently as a thing that he may trust (that it is, or of its being). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > belief > belief, trust, confidence > act of convincing, conviction > bring to belief, convince [verb (transitive)] > by assertion tella1275 assurea1535 over-talk1605 to talk over1734 to put over1908 to put across1910 a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 43/1 I assure him quod the Archebishoppe..it will neuer bee soo well as wee haue seene it. 1602 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor ii. ii. 103 Quic. I think you work by Inchantments..Fal. Not I, I assure thee. 1705 T. Hearne Ductor Historicus (ed. 2) I. iii. 482 Thucydides assures us 'twas built 5 Years after Syracuse. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 508. ⁋5 I assure you these are things worthy your consideration. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §2. 477 The Spanish ambassador..was assured that no effectual aid should be sent to the Palatinate. 1885 N.E.D. at Assure Mod. He assured us of his own willingness to go. †b. with second object. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1644 H. Slingsby Diary (1836) 127 The man..that assured me the truth of it. a1718 W. Penn Life in Wks. (1726) I. 22 Their Age no Antiquary living can assure us. †11. a. transitive. To state positively, to affirm. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. xxix. 23 This I testifie and assure. 1587 D. Fenner Def. Godlie Ministers sig. Bii When the people is..secure, to bee more diligent in assuring threatninges. 1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales iii. ii. 67 I will not assure, either of those things. a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1683) II. 20 About which points neither Socrates nor Seneca could assure any thing. †b. with subordinate clause or infinitive phr. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > assertion or affirmation > [verb (transitive)] vowc1330 anferme1340 affirma1382 willa1382 threapc1386 avow1393 to make oneself strongc1425 maintain?c1430 protest1440 traverse1491 assure1509 ferma1525 verc1540 profess1542 enforce1579 justify1579 aver1582 to take on1583 asserta1604 will1614 assevera1618 positive1656 autume1661 declare1709 obtesta1722 predicate1782 asseveratea1847 1509 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. (1876) 293 Whether slepynge or wakyng she could not assure. 1638 T. Heywood Wise Woman iv. i, in Wks. (1874) V. 329 If hee assure to know mee, I'le out face him. 1708 J. Swift Predict. for 1708 4 I cannot..so confidently assure the Events will follow exactly as I predict them. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1374v.1370
随便看	longfocus longfocused longfooted longfooted potoroo longforgotten longform longfronted longful longfully longgig longgone longgown longgowned longgrained longgrown longhair longhaired longhaired cat longhaired chum longhaired mate longhairer longhairest longhairrer longhairrest longhairs

† assuren.

assurev.