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单词 assoil
释义

assoiln.

Etymology: < assoil v.
Obsolete. rare.
Solution, explanation.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > resolving of problem, solution > [noun]
soilingc1380
solutionc1420
invention1484
resolutiona1500
soluting1534
satisfactiona1569
assoil1589
assoiling1619
assoilmenta1680
solving1706
problem-solving1854
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xviii. 157 By way of riddle (Enigma) of which the sence can hardly be picked out, but by the parties owne assoile.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

assoilv.

Brit. /əˈsɔɪl/, U.S. /əˈsɔɪl/
Forms: Middle English asoyl-en, asoyly, asoil-en, -y, Middle English–1500s asoyle, asoile, Middle English asoyli, asoylye, asoilie, assoill-en, -i, assoil-en, Middle English–1500s assoyle, assoille, Middle English–1600s assoile, Middle English assole, Middle English–1600s assoyl, 1500s asoylle, Middle English– assoil. ScotchMiddle English assolyhe (= assolȝe), 1500s assolye, assoilȝe, -ye, -ze, 1600s assolzie, assoylle, 1600s– assoilzie. apheticMiddle English–1500s soile, soyle.
Etymology: < Old French a(s)soille present subjunctive, a(s)soil present indicative of a(s)soldre , a(s)soudre < Latin absolŭĕre = absolvĕre to absolve, < ab from + solvĕre to loose. Other forms of the infinitive in Old French (the first two also in Anglo-Norman) were a(s)soilier , a(s)soiler , a(s)solier , a(s)soillir , a(s)solir , as if < Latin *absoluēre . Latin ˈsolŭĕre gave Old French ˈsolre , ˈsoldre , as ˈbatŭĕre , ˈquatŭŏr gave batre , quatre , and voluērunt , *ˈvolŭĕrunt gave volrent , voldrent ; with the variants a(s)soilier , a(s)oillir , compare other Old French double forms, as tesir , taire < Latin tacēre , *tacĕre , and plesir , plaire , < Latin placēre , *placĕre . Subsequently refashioned in French as absoudre , and in English as absoil v., which paved the way for the modern absolve v., formed directly from the Latin after 1500. The French l mouillé, lost in English, was as usual retained in Scotch, and symbolized by , lyh, ly, now corruptly written lz, whence the current assoilzie/əsˈoɪljɪ/, /əsˈoɪlɪ/.
I. To assoil a person.
1.
a. To absolve from sin, grant absolution to, pardon, forgive; = absolve v. 2 Whom God assoil!’ (Old French que Dieu assoille! Latin quem Deus absolvat!): an ejaculatory prayer for the departed. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > make confession [verb (transitive)] > hear confession, shrive
shrivea776
unbindc950
assoil1297
soila1300
confess1377
releasec1405
absoil1440
absolve1528
shrift1611
society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > absolution > give absolution [verb (transitive)]
shrivea776
unbindc950
assoil1297
soila1300
reconcilea1387
releasec1405
absoil1440
absolve1496
absolve1525
shrift1611
society > faith > worship > prayer > kinds of prayer > [interjection] > short
Whom God assoil!1297
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 464 No man, bote þe pope one, hem asoyly ne myȝte.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 172 Þet he habbe power him to asoyli and him penonce to anioyni.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1882 Of absolucioun he on þe segge calles; & he asoyled hym.
1426 Pol. Poems II. 131 As wele on his ffader side, Henry the fifth, whom God assoille, as by Kateryne quene of Englond, his modir, whom God assoile.
1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 564 Pray deuoutly for the soule whom God assoile.
1638 Penit. Conf. (1657) vii. 132 God remitting whomsoever the Priest assoileth.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary II. x*. 290 ‘God assoilzie her!’ ejaculated old Elspeth..‘His mercy is infinite.’
1854 T. De Quincey Autobiogr. Sketches in Select. Grave & Gay II. 96 Oxford might avail to assoil me.
b. of, from the sin. archaic.
ΚΠ
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 501 The pope of alle hor sunnes asoileth alle the Barons & kniȝtes.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xxii. 185 To asoylye men of alle manere synnes.
1508 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. i. 44 Be assoyled clene from synne of theyr ghostly fader.
1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. iii. x. f. 151v The wordis of absolutioun..I assoilȝe the fra thi synnis.
1607 M. Drayton Legend Cromwel 37 Secretly assoiling of his sin.
1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 112 Acquitted and assoiled from the guilt of all our sins.
c. from purgatory. (Cf. senses 2, 5) archaic.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > absolution > give absolution [verb (transitive)] > from purgatory
assoil1483
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 21/1 And assoylle the synnars whan thou descendest into helle.
1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth x, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. II. 299 He will be freed from purgatory the sooner that good people pray to assoilzie him.
2. To absolve or set free from excommunication or other ecclesiastical sentence. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > excommunication > excommunicate [verb (transitive)] > absolve from
assoil1362
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. iii. 139 Heo þat ben Curset in Constorie counteþ hit not at a Russche..Heo is asoyled as sone as hire-self lykeþ.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 560 The londe was assoiled by the legat.
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. viii. 501/1 Vntill hee were assoyled of his excommunication.
1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 206 in Justice Vindicated If any Bishop do excommunicate any person..the King may write to the Bishop, and command him to assoyl, and absolve the party.
1691 Blount's Νομο-λεξικον (ed. 2) Assoile (absolvere) Signifies to deliver, pardon, or set free from an Excommunication.
3. To set free, discharge, or release (of, from obligations, liabilities); = absolve v. 1. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > be exempt from (a liability or obligation) [verb (transitive)] > free from obligation
freeeOE
unbind1297
quitclaima1325
acquit1340
excuse1340
loose1340
releasec1350
assoil1366
soilc1384
dischargea1387
quita1387
relieve1416
absoil1440
deliver1440
acquittance1448
quiet1450
acquiet1453
absolve?a1475
defease1475
skill1481
relax1511
redeema1513
exoner1533
exonerate1548
solvec1550
distask1592
disgage1594
upsolve1601
disoblige1603
disengage1611
to get off1623
exclude1632
supersedea1644
to let off1814
to let out1869
1366 Mandeville's Trav. iii. 18 To whom God ȝaf his pleyn Power, for to bynde and to assoille.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) 1 Macc. x. 29 Now y assoile you, and alle Jewis, of tributis.
a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 113 Þe same pope..cursed him, and asoiled al his barones fro þat feith whech þei had mad to him.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 266/2 She..was assoilled of her vowe.
1650 S. Clarke Marrow Eccl. Hist. (1654) I. 507 A lawful oath, from which no man can assoile you.
4.
a. To acquit (a person) of a criminal charge, to pronounce not guilty, to clear; = absolve v. 4a. Const. of, from. archaic (see 1b).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > judging > acquittal or clearing of accusation > acquit or clear of accusation [verb (transitive)]
quitc1300
acquita1393
discharge?a1439
acquittance1448
assoil1528
rid1530
absolve1539
to bring off1609
disimpeach1611
1528 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iii, in Wks. 211/2 Than may the iudges acquite and assoyle the defendaunt.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. xviii. f. 92 Whom Cesar doth condemne, God sumtime doth assoyle.
1647 O. Cromwell Let. 11 Mar. xxv. (Carl.) The houses did assoil the army from all suspicion.
a1667 Bp. J. Taylor Serm. (1678) 88 Many persons think themselves fairly assoiled, because they are..not of scandalous Lives.
1834 C. Lamb Lett. (1935) III. 406 If the candlestick be not removed, I assoil myself.
b. esp. in Scots Law, where assoilzie (i.e. assoilȝie, assoilyie) is still the proper term for: To acquit by sentence of court.
ΚΠ
1603–5 J. Melville Mem. Own Life (1735) 155 Being assoilzied he continued the greatest Favourite at Court.
1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem iv. xxviii. (Jam.) The malefactour assoilyied at the instance of the partie.
a1691 Sir G. Mackenzie in Stewart's Trial (1753) 143 The chief actor must be first discussed, and either found guilty or assoilzied.
a1805 A. Carlyle Autobiogr. (1860) vi. 235 Clear in their judgement that the panel should be assoilzied and the Presbytery taken to task.
1865 Morning Star 5 Dec. The action could not be maintained, and the defendants were entitled to be assoillzied.
5. To release, deliver, set free; to discharge. Const. of, from. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > freedom or liberty > liberation > set free [verb (transitive)]
freeeOE
letc1000
alithOE
areim-ena1250
alaskic1300
fritha1325
loose1340
unfetterc1374
to let goc1384
releasec1384
freitha1400
to let farea1400
assoil1401
remit1467
affranchise1477
resplaitc1531
discussa1542
freedom1548
to set (go, walk, etc.) free1609
re-enfranchise1611
unhook1611
unloose1614
liberate1623
disenfranchise1626
assert1638
relinquish1671
uncork1749
unfankle1824
1401 in T. Wright Polit. Poems & Songs (1859) II. 38 When ye han assoiled me..In truth I shall soile thee of thine orders.
c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. Cix/1 The sayd bysshop now beyng cardynal was assoiled of his bishoprich of wynchester.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. x. sig. K4v Till from her bands the spright assoiled is.
1658 tr. J. Ussher Ann. World 400 To assoile all the sea craft of Thracia from the power and jurisdiction of Philippus.
1840 T. Hood Open Quest. in New Monthly Mag. Aug. 530 What harm if men who burn the midnight-oil..Seek once a-week their spirits to assoil?
1850 E. B. Browning Wks. I. 330 Death's mild curfew shall from work assoil.
II. To assoil a thing.
6. To unloose the knot of (difficulty or doubt); to clear up, solve, or resolve; = absolve v. 3. Obsolete. (In this sense frequently soyle, soil in 16th cent. Cf. soil v.2 3.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > resolving of problem, solution > find solution, solve [verb (transitive)]
findOE
assoilc1374
soil1382
contrive1393
to find outc1405
resolvea1438
absolvea1525
solute?1531
solve?1541
dissolve1549
get1559
salvec1571
to beat out1577
sort1581
explicate1582
untiea1586
loose1596
unsolve1631
cracka1640
unscruple1647
metagrobolize1653
to puzzle out1717
to work out1719
to get around ——1803
to dope out1906
lick1946
to get out1951
c1374 G. Chaucer tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. v. iii. 154 Þat þei mowen assoilen and vnknytten þe knot of þis questioun.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. iii. 236 Þis asketh dauid; And dauyd assoileth it hymself.
1485 W. Caxton Trevisa's Higden (1527) 1 This questyon and doubte is easy to assoyle.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1959) vii. i. 138 The pepil..thar petitions gettis assolȝeit heir.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Mark xi. f. 28 Soyle me this question.
a1591 H. Smith Serm. (1593) 259 Nebuchadnezzar cannot assoile his owne dreame.
1602 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xiii. lxxvii. 318 Sybil, assoiling Oracles in Caue.
1696 W. Whiston Disc. conc. Mosaick Hist. Creation 63 in New Theory of Earth Fewer difficulties in the consideration of the Books themselves, than in the..very Comments which ought to assoil 'em.
7. To refute (an objection or argument). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > testing > refutation, disproof > refute, disprove [verb (transitive)] > an argument, statement, etc.
assoilc1370
disprovec1380
soilc1380
conclude1388
unprovea1425
denyc1425
oppugn?1435
deprevea1450
refelc1450
disapprove1481
impreve1488
confute1529
deprove1530
convince?1531
refute1533
save1591
convict1593
elide1593
redargue1613
to wrestle off1639
c1370 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 388 Argumentis þat may not be asoylid.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 78 A good clerk couthe not assoile the firste obieccioun.
1658 W. Gurnall Christian in Armour: 2nd Pt. 587 For the fuller assoyling this objection.
1721 J. Strype Eccl. Memorials I. xxxviii. 300 To confute the pope's primacy..and to assoyl Pole's arguments.
8. To purge oneself from, purge, expiate, atone for. (From 1, 2.) archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > eradicate or extirpate
fornimOE
to put awaya1382
outroot?a1425
unroot?a1425
out-razec1425
to pluck up1484
avell1530
sweep1560
depopulate1576
ruina1586
assoil1596
to lay aside1596
untop1598
displant1603
float1606
to take off1619
amolish1624
uproota1639
eradicate1647
to lay by1681
to polish off1827
uprend1911
to zero out1951
society > morality > virtue > righteousness or rectitude > reform, amendment, or correction > atonement > atone for [verb (transitive)]
beetc897
i-bye10..
abyelOE
answer?a1300
buya1300
amendc1300
mendc1330
forbuy1340
redressa1387
answera1400
byea1400
filla1400
peasea1400
ransoma1400
to pay for——c1400
recompense?a1439
abidea1450
satisfyc1460
redeema1464
repaira1513
syth1513
reconcile1535
acquit1567
dispense1590
assoil1596
propitiate1610
expiatea1626
atone1661
retrievea1679
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. vi. sig. F4 Well weeting how their errour to assoyle . View more context for this quotation
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 453 To expiate and assoile the carnage and execution don vpon the enemies.
1693 W. Robertson Phraseologia Generalis (new ed.) 162 To assoil crimes or accusations—i.e. to free himself from them.
1879 E. Arnold Light of Asia viii. 228 Let each act Assoil a fault or help a merit grow.
9. To acquit oneself of, or discharge (an obligation). (From 3.) Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > discharge (an obligation) [verb (transitive)]
pay?c1225
ministera1382
acquitc1460
discharge1542
assoil1596
1596 E. Spenser Daphnaida lxxvii Till that you come where ye your vowes assoyle.
10. To discharge, get rid of, dispel (a thing). (From 5.) Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. i. sig. Cc5 She soundly slept, & carefull thoughts did quite assoile.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene iv. v. sig. E5v In seeking him, that should her paine assoyle . View more context for this quotation
III. To render soiled.
11. To soil, sully.
ΚΠ
1845 B. Disraeli Sybil III. vi. v. 192 Is it that the world has assoiled my soul? Yet I have not tasted of worldly joys.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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