impromptuadv.n.adj.

Brit.

/ɪmˈprɒm(p)tjuː/,

/ɪmˈprɒm(p)tʃuː/, U.S.

/ᵻmˈprɑm(p)ˌt(j)u/

Etymology: < Latin in promptū in readiness, at hand (promptus readiness), written as one word and with the n changed to m before p, as in French impromptu (Molière, 1659), whence also the adjective and noun uses.

A. adv.

Without preparation or premeditation; off-hand, on the spur of the moment; extempore.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > unintentional or unplanned character > [adverb] > in unplanned manner

suddenly1340

of unwarninga1400

on, upon, rarely of, in (a) suddenty1469

casuallya1549

extemporea1556

of (upon) this sudden1572

extemporally1577

at (the or a) volley1578

on (or o') the volley1578

extrumpery1582

unpremeditately1607

extemporary1610

extempory1623

extemporarily1667

impromptu1669

ad aperturam libri1679

unpremeditatedly1694

impulsively1768

extemporaneously1791

promiscuously1791

spontaneously1799

on (also upon) the spur of the moment (or occasion, etc.)1801

spontaneous1810

promiscuous1826

improvisedly1851

off-handedly1876

at the first jet1878

off the cuff1927

off the top of one's head1939

off the wall1966

1669 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 11 Mr. Elliot..desired Mr. Titus to make some verses..which he did thus, impromptu [etc.].

1788 R. Burns Let. 16 Aug. (2001) I. 305 She sometimes hits on a Couplet or two impromptu.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1712 I. 20 (note) This was made almost impromptu.

1882 F. W. Farrar Early Days Christianity II. 375 (note) This was afterwards improved into the story that he [John] wrote the whole Gospel impromptu.

B. n.

Something composed or uttered without preparation or premeditation; an extemporaneous composition or performance; an improvisation. Also, a musical composition having the character of an improvisation.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > [noun] > unrehearsed or improvised speaking > something spoken without preparation

impromptu1683

ad lib1817

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > other types of poem > [noun] > improvised poem

extempore1610

impromptu1683

improvise1820

improvisation1824

society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > type of piece > [noun] > impromptu

fancy1577

voluntary1598

impromptu1880

1683 D. A. Whole Art Converse 44 We must deal plainly and seriously with such men, waving all in promptu's and subtilities.

1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. xxii They were made extempore, and were, as the French call them, Impromptus.

1776 S. Johnson Poem (title) To Mrs. Thrale, on her completing her thirty-fifth year, an impromptu.

1847 B. Disraeli Tancred I. ii. ix. 222 Lady Constance..had a variety of conclusions on all social topics, which she threw forth..with the well-arranged air of an impromptu.

1880 G. Grove Dict. Music I. 768/2 The two sets of pieces by Schubert known as Impromptus..were..not so entitled by him.

C. adj.

1. Composed or uttered without preparation or premeditation; improvised; invented, produced, etc. on the spur of the moment and without previous thought.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > unintentional or unplanned character > [adjective] > unplanned

suddena1300

unpremeditate1551

extemporal1570

unpurposed1570

unmeditated1576

extemporate1590

unpremeditated1597

unplotted1598

extemporary1610

extemporanean1621

extempory1623

impremeditate1647

unthought1648

unresolved1649

extemporate1651

incogitate1652

unprojected1653

indeliberate1655

extemporaneous1656

indeliberated1656

autoschediastical1662

casual1667

offhanda1668

undiscourseda1670

extemporany1673

unplanned1775

impromptu1789

on (also upon) the spur of the moment (or occasion, etc.)1801

autoschediastic1809

impromptuary1827

improvised1833

extemporized1856

spontaneous1856

unconsidered1876

undevised1894

lashed-up1920

ad-libbed1933

willy-nilly1933

off the cuff1948

the mind > language > speech > [adjective] > improvising > impromptu

extemporate1590

extemporary1610

suddena1616

extemporanean1621

extempory1623

extempore1639

extemporaneous1656

impromptu1789

impromptuary1827

ad-libbed1933

off-script1935

ad lib1936

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > other types of poem > [adjective] > improvised

suddena1616

extemporean1624

extempore1639

improviso1753

impromptu1789

extemporized1856

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 240 Who would risque the making impromptu poems at Paris?

1830 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I III. Pref. 4 I am not fortunate in impromptu replies.

1849 W. M. Thackeray Lett. Apr. I daresay I shall have to make an impromptu speech.

2. Made or done on the spur of the moment; hastily made for the occasion, or converted to use in an emergency; extemporized, makeshift.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > recourse > [adjective] > makeshift

extemporal1626

extemporary1631

extempore1694

extemporaneous1725

impromptu1764

makeshift1824

makeshifty1858

spot-made1894

make-do1923

roll-your-own1942

Band-Aid1970

1764 Mrs. Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury I. 118 Lord North took an impromptu dinner with us yesterday.

1800 E. Hervey Mourtray Family I. 67 They had a little impromptu ball.

1856 D. M. Mulock John Halifax II. vii. 149 My daughter encouraged me to pay this impromptu visit.

1872 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries Abyssinia (new ed.) viii. 128 We prepared an impromptu raft.

Derivatives

imˈpromptu v. to compose off-hand; to improvise, extemporize.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform music [verb (intransitive)] > improvise or extemporize

extemporize1775

improvise1788

impromptu1802

fantasy1840

fake1895

ad-lib1910

busk1934

jam1935

noodle1937

1802 H. Swinburne in Courts Europe (1841) II. 334 The soldiers sing in the evening an endless German song, and the sailors impromptu in Danish.

1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 48 In a pelting rain, impromptu'd the following epigram.

1848 Athenæum 5 Aug. 773 Ballast-waggons..impromptued and filled up with seats.

imˈpromptuary adj. = C. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > unintentional or unplanned character > [adjective] > unplanned

suddena1300

unpremeditate1551

extemporal1570

unpurposed1570

unmeditated1576

extemporate1590

unpremeditated1597

unplotted1598

extemporary1610

extemporanean1621

extempory1623

impremeditate1647

unthought1648

unresolved1649

extemporate1651

incogitate1652

unprojected1653

indeliberate1655

extemporaneous1656

indeliberated1656

autoschediastical1662

casual1667

offhanda1668

undiscourseda1670

extemporany1673

unplanned1775

impromptu1789

on (also upon) the spur of the moment (or occasion, etc.)1801

autoschediastic1809

impromptuary1827

improvised1833

extemporized1856

spontaneous1856

unconsidered1876

undevised1894

lashed-up1920

ad-libbed1933

willy-nilly1933

off the cuff1948

the mind > language > speech > [adjective] > improvising > impromptu

extemporate1590

extemporary1610

suddena1616

extemporanean1621

extempory1623

extempore1639

extemporaneous1656

impromptu1789

impromptuary1827

ad-libbed1933

off-script1935

ad lib1936

1827 J. Bentham Rationale Judicial Evid. II. iii. i. 2 Answers impromptuary.

1897 F. Hall in Nation (N.Y.) 64 435/1 His impromptuary deliverances.

imˈpromptuist n. one who composes off-hand, an improviser.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poet > [noun] > improviser

improvisatore1765

improvisatrice1770

improvisateur1783

improvisator1790

improviser1824

improvisor1830

impromptuist1882

1882 Chambers's Jrnl. 742/2 Theodore Hook..was a most prolific impromptuist.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	impromptu
释义	impromptuadv.n.adj. Brit. /ɪmˈprɒm(p)tjuː/, /ɪmˈprɒm(p)tʃuː/, U.S. /ᵻmˈprɑm(p)ˌt(j)u/ Etymology: < Latin in promptū in readiness, at hand (promptus readiness), written as one word and with the n changed to m before p, as in French impromptu (Molière, 1659), whence also the adjective and noun uses. A. adv. Without preparation or premeditation; off-hand, on the spur of the moment; extempore. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > unintentional or unplanned character > [adverb] > in unplanned manner suddenly1340 of unwarninga1400 on, upon, rarely of, in (a) suddenty1469 casuallya1549 extemporea1556 of (upon) this sudden1572 extemporally1577 at (the or a) volley1578 on (or o') the volley1578 extrumpery1582 unpremeditately1607 extemporary1610 extempory1623 extemporarily1667 impromptu1669 ad aperturam libri1679 unpremeditatedly1694 impulsively1768 extemporaneously1791 promiscuously1791 spontaneously1799 on (also upon) the spur of the moment (or occasion, etc.)1801 spontaneous1810 promiscuous1826 improvisedly1851 off-handedly1876 at the first jet1878 off the cuff1927 off the top of one's head1939 off the wall1966 1669 Lady Chaworth in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 11 Mr. Elliot..desired Mr. Titus to make some verses..which he did thus, impromptu [etc.]. 1788 R. Burns Let. 16 Aug. (2001) I. 305 She sometimes hits on a Couplet or two impromptu. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1712 I. 20 (note) This was made almost impromptu. 1882 F. W. Farrar Early Days Christianity II. 375 (note) This was afterwards improved into the story that he [John] wrote the whole Gospel impromptu. B. n. Something composed or uttered without preparation or premeditation; an extemporaneous composition or performance; an improvisation. Also, a musical composition having the character of an improvisation. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > [noun] > unrehearsed or improvised speaking > something spoken without preparation impromptu1683 ad lib1817 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > other types of poem > [noun] > improvised poem extempore1610 impromptu1683 improvise1820 improvisation1824 society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > type of piece > [noun] > impromptu fancy1577 voluntary1598 impromptu1880 1683 D. A. Whole Art Converse 44 We must deal plainly and seriously with such men, waving all in promptu's and subtilities. 1693 J. Dryden Disc. conc. Satire in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires p. xxii They were made extempore, and were, as the French call them, Impromptus. 1776 S. Johnson Poem (title) To Mrs. Thrale, on her completing her thirty-fifth year, an impromptu. 1847 B. Disraeli Tancred I. ii. ix. 222 Lady Constance..had a variety of conclusions on all social topics, which she threw forth..with the well-arranged air of an impromptu. 1880 G. Grove Dict. Music I. 768/2 The two sets of pieces by Schubert known as Impromptus..were..not so entitled by him. C. adj. 1. Composed or uttered without preparation or premeditation; improvised; invented, produced, etc. on the spur of the moment and without previous thought. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > unintentional or unplanned character > [adjective] > unplanned suddena1300 unpremeditate1551 extemporal1570 unpurposed1570 unmeditated1576 extemporate1590 unpremeditated1597 unplotted1598 extemporary1610 extemporanean1621 extempory1623 impremeditate1647 unthought1648 unresolved1649 extemporate1651 incogitate1652 unprojected1653 indeliberate1655 extemporaneous1656 indeliberated1656 autoschediastical1662 casual1667 offhanda1668 undiscourseda1670 extemporany1673 unplanned1775 impromptu1789 on (also upon) the spur of the moment (or occasion, etc.)1801 autoschediastic1809 impromptuary1827 improvised1833 extemporized1856 spontaneous1856 unconsidered1876 undevised1894 lashed-up1920 ad-libbed1933 willy-nilly1933 off the cuff1948 the mind > language > speech > [adjective] > improvising > impromptu extemporate1590 extemporary1610 suddena1616 extemporanean1621 extempory1623 extempore1639 extemporaneous1656 impromptu1789 impromptuary1827 ad-libbed1933 off-script1935 ad lib1936 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > other types of poem > [adjective] > improvised suddena1616 extemporean1624 extempore1639 improviso1753 impromptu1789 extemporized1856 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 240 Who would risque the making impromptu poems at Paris? 1830 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I III. Pref. 4 I am not fortunate in impromptu replies. 1849 W. M. Thackeray Lett. Apr. I daresay I shall have to make an impromptu speech. 2. Made or done on the spur of the moment; hastily made for the occasion, or converted to use in an emergency; extemporized, makeshift. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > usefulness > use (made of things) > recourse > [adjective] > makeshift extemporal1626 extemporary1631 extempore1694 extemporaneous1725 impromptu1764 makeshift1824 makeshifty1858 spot-made1894 make-do1923 roll-your-own1942 Band-Aid1970 1764 Mrs. Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury I. 118 Lord North took an impromptu dinner with us yesterday. 1800 E. Hervey Mourtray Family I. 67 They had a little impromptu ball. 1856 D. M. Mulock John Halifax II. vii. 149 My daughter encouraged me to pay this impromptu visit. 1872 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries Abyssinia (new ed.) viii. 128 We prepared an impromptu raft. Derivatives imˈpromptu v. to compose off-hand; to improvise, extemporize. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > perform music [verb (intransitive)] > improvise or extemporize extemporize1775 improvise1788 impromptu1802 fantasy1840 fake1895 ad-lib1910 busk1934 jam1935 noodle1937 1802 H. Swinburne in Courts Europe (1841) II. 334 The soldiers sing in the evening an endless German song, and the sailors impromptu in Danish. 1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 48 In a pelting rain, impromptu'd the following epigram. 1848 Athenæum 5 Aug. 773 Ballast-waggons..impromptued and filled up with seats. imˈpromptuary adj. = C. 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > unintentional or unplanned character > [adjective] > unplanned suddena1300 unpremeditate1551 extemporal1570 unpurposed1570 unmeditated1576 extemporate1590 unpremeditated1597 unplotted1598 extemporary1610 extemporanean1621 extempory1623 impremeditate1647 unthought1648 unresolved1649 extemporate1651 incogitate1652 unprojected1653 indeliberate1655 extemporaneous1656 indeliberated1656 autoschediastical1662 casual1667 offhanda1668 undiscourseda1670 extemporany1673 unplanned1775 impromptu1789 on (also upon) the spur of the moment (or occasion, etc.)1801 autoschediastic1809 impromptuary1827 improvised1833 extemporized1856 spontaneous1856 unconsidered1876 undevised1894 lashed-up1920 ad-libbed1933 willy-nilly1933 off the cuff1948 the mind > language > speech > [adjective] > improvising > impromptu extemporate1590 extemporary1610 suddena1616 extemporanean1621 extempory1623 extempore1639 extemporaneous1656 impromptu1789 impromptuary1827 ad-libbed1933 off-script1935 ad lib1936 1827 J. Bentham Rationale Judicial Evid. II. iii. i. 2 Answers impromptuary. 1897 F. Hall in Nation (N.Y.) 64 435/1 His impromptuary deliverances. imˈpromptuist n. one who composes off-hand, an improviser. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poet > [noun] > improviser improvisatore1765 improvisatrice1770 improvisateur1783 improvisator1790 improviser1824 improvisor1830 impromptuist1882 1882 Chambers's Jrnl. 742/2 Theodore Hook..was a most prolific impromptuist. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adv.n.adj.1669
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