icingn.

Brit.

/ˈʌɪsɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈaɪsɪŋ/

Forms: 1600s– iceing, 1600s– icing.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: ice v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < ice v. + -ing suffix¹.

a. A mixture of sugar (or other sweetener) with water, egg white, butter, or margarine, often coloured or flavoured, or a synthetic preparation with similar properties, used for covering or decorating cakes, biscuits, or pastries. Also figurative (cf. the icing on the cake at Phrases). Cf. frosting n. 3. royal, sugar icing, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > [noun] > icing or sugar coating

icing1683

frosting1750

piping1846

fondant1861

water icing1881

buttercream1908

sugar-coating1908

rolled fondant1962

1683 M. H. Young Cooks Monitor 117 You must keep it stirring till the Cake is baked, then Ice it with a brush all over, and put it in the Oven to harden the Iceing.

1696 Whole Duty of Woman (ed. 2) x. 172 Put it into a moderate hot Oven, and when the Icing begins to rise, take it out.

1736 Compl. Family-piece i. ii. 139 Strike them [sc. the tarts] all over the Top, with a small Bunch of Feathers dipt in this Icing.

1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper v. 125 Tarts that are iced, require a slow Oven, or the Iceing will be Brown.

1845 E. Acton Mod. Cookery xvi. 402 When a whiter icing is preferred, the pastry must be..brushed with white of egg..; then well covered with..sifted sugar.

1887 L. Beard & A. B. Beard How to amuse yourself & Others (1888) i. 10 Dainty confectionery..can be made of small radishes covered with icing of different colors.

1925 W. Faulkner Let. 1 May in Thinking of Home (1992) 204 I got the cake today, a grand one... Just as fresh and firm, and the icing good and bitter and rich.

1970 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 26 Sept. 12/1 The missionaries have a dubious legacy, says Father Gallagher. ‘We had been giving them the icing and not the cake, the Christian tools with which they need to meet the circumstances in life they face.’

2004 C. Donald Rude Kids (2005) i. 18 Two big, sugary rounds of shortbread stuck together with jam, covered in icing and with half a cherry on the top.

b. The process of covering or decorating a cake, biscuit, or pastry with such a mixture.

ΚΠ

1708 W. King Art of Cookery 32 The Iceing of Cakes at Woodstreet Corner, and the Refining of Sugar, was but an Invention of Two hundred Years standing.

1867 Young Englishwoman May 247 The cook calmly went on with the icing of an enormous bride-cake.

1876 Christian Monitor Feb. 76/1 Oh yes! how he would love to nibble at the cake dough, and help do the icing!

1918 N. Carolina Booklet Jan. 146 There was the making of the chicken salad..and the roasting of turkeys and the icing of the little cakes.

2011 S. A. McLeod Dining with Washingtons 181/1 The mistress of the house directed the operation, often doing the icing and decorating herself.

2. The process of chilling or preserving food or drink by means of ice; refrigeration with ice.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > [noun] > becoming or making cold > by means of ice

icing1767

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [noun] > preserving by cooling or freezing

refrigeration1850

cold storage1877

quick-freezing1889

chilling1902

flash freezing1942

hydro-cooling1942

freeze-drying1944

blast-freezing1948

icing1956

cook-freeze1970

cook-chill1977

sous vide1986

1767 B. Clermont tr. Menon Art Mod. Cookery Displayed II. 400 You may also boil Pistachio-nuts in this Cream, and sift it before icing.

1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. II. viii. 377 Some kinds of bad port wine are improved by icing.

1875 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 446/1 That the flavour and firmness of the fish are impaired by icing there can be no doubt.

1901 E. Holt Encycl. Etiquette vi. 137 A skilful man servant giving his attention to the proper icing of the wine in the pantry.

1956 Food Transportation (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 19/1 These fruits and vegetables are mostly shipped under standard refrigeration, with ice. This involves icing at the starting point.

2001 Econ. & Polit. Weekly 15 Sept. 3555/2 The pre-processing unit carries out the cleaning, precise peeling off of the shell and the washing and icing of the prawns.

3. The process of becoming covered with or obstructed by ice; the formation of ice on a vehicle, road, etc. Frequently with up (also occasionally down). Cf. to ice up at ice v. Phrasal verbs 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > ice > [noun] > formation > on aircraft

icing1937

1860 A. Bell tr. F.-X. Garneau Hist. Canada III. xiv. i. 173 The icing up of the St. Lawrence [river] for nearly a moiety of the year.

1881 A. Leslie tr. A. E. Nordenskiöld Voy. Vega I. ix. 451 It is such a mist that causes the icing down of the rigging of vessels..the tackling of the Vega was covered with pieces of ice so large, and layers so thick, that accidents might have happened by the falling of the ice on the deck.

1908 Horseless Age 23 Sept. 397/1 With the unexpected icing up of the roads and your blacksmith half a mile away you are in a bad fix.

1937 Evening News 29 Jan. 8/3 The latest theory connects the very fine rain with one of the most dangerous phenomena in flying: icing-up of the wings.

1945 Tee Emm (Air Ministry) 5 53 Icing may occur, which requires hot air and..reduces available engine power.

1955 Times 12 Aug. 5/1 The Hull Trawler Officers' Guild are meeting soon to discuss the icing up of trawlers.

1987 W. M. Reddy Money & Liberty Mod. Europe iii. 98 A competition developed to see who could lay the most stone despite the cold drizzle and the icing up of the scaffolding.

2009 New Scientist 28 Nov. 26/4 In cold weather, this warm water was pumped through a grid of pipes beneath the road to prevent icing.

4. Ice Hockey. The action of hitting the puck from one's own half of the rink into the area behind the opponent's goal line (but not into the goal); this regarded as a minor infraction. Cf. ice v. 7a.Short-handed teams are generally permitted to do this without incurring a penalty. In some leagues, ‘icing’ is called when the puck is touched by an opposing player other than the goaltender; in others, it is deemed to have occurred as soon as the puck crosses the goal line.

ΚΠ

1937 Lowell (Mass.) Sun 27 Dec. 10/6 There were also moves to curb the icing of the puck.

1950 F. Hewitt Hello, Canada xi. 80 The puck was retrieved because of the icing and brought back for another facing.

1989 Valley Independent (Monessen, Pa.) 12 Apr. 3 b/3 I knew we were short-handed and that it wouldn't be icing.

1993 Hockey News (Toronto) 5 Feb. 7/2 He also claims the possibility of missing the breakaway pass and being called for icing would deter teams from trying it more.

2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 14 Feb. (Sports section) 7/2 There will be no touch-up icing at the Olympics. Play will stop as soon as the puck crosses the goal line.

Phrases

Originally U.S. the icing on the cake and variants: an additional benefit to something that is already good; (also) an attractive but inessential enhancement. Now also ironic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > [noun] > ornamentation or decoration > an ornament > trimmings

all the trimmings1927

the icing on the cake1969

1896 News & Observer (Raleigh, N. Carolina) 7 Apr. 5/3 The afternoon session was the climax, the ‘icing’ on the cake.

1918 Ogden (Utah) Standard 4 Mar. 5/1 To a man love is merely the icing on the cake of life, but to a woman love is the bread of life, and she starves and perishes without it.

1950 Billboard 4 Feb. 54/3 Some fine moppet actors have already been on view this season, but it takes 12-year-old Johnny Stewart..to put the icing on the juvenile performance cake.

1969 Listener 3 Apr. 468/3 All this theology is icing on the cake... ‘Pas sérieuse’..is an epithet I would apply to the whole book.

1970 ‘T. Coe’ Jade in Aries (1973) iii. 30 If I went to Manzoni's captain, it would just put the icing on the cake. Cornell would really be in the soup.

1998 K. Lette Altar Ego xxxiii. 287 But the icing on the angst pie was yet to come.

2003 A. Notaro Back after Break xix. 174 They were invited for a drink with the crew after the show, which was the icing on the cake as far as they were concerned: a chance to really mingle with the rich and famous.

Compounds

icing bag n. = piping bag n. at piping n.² Compounds.

ΚΠ

1885 Sheffield & Rotherham Weekly Independent Suppl. 16 May Suppl. 8/1 ‘Piping’..is done by putting some icing..into the icing bag, to which has been attached a small tube, and by gentle pressure the icing will come out.

1902 Brit. at Work 105/2 The biscuits are spread out on a bench; the girl takes the icing bag in her right hand, and by applying slight pressure forces the contents through the perforations at the end.

2007 E. Love Time Lapse 36 There were the ready made plastic icing bags, but she preferred to make her own with greaseproof paper, snipping off the end with a pair of scissors.

icing house n. a building or storage facility where food is preserved by means of ice; cf. ice house n. 1.

ΚΠ

1886 P. S. Robinson Valley Tee-totum Trees 24 Hanging up as two ‘sides of pork’ in the icing-house.

1914 Ice & Refrigeration May 275/1 His inspector found that station was not equipped with a regular icing house and did not carry a supply of ice.

icing sugar n. finely powdered sugar, typically used for making icing and dusting cakes.In the U.S., also called powdered sugar.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > additive > sweetener > [noun] > sugar > icing sugar

ice?1600

frosting1756

icing sugar1852

1852 F. Bishop Illustr. London Cookery Bk. 308 Put a pound of prepared icing sugar into a basin with the whites of two eggs.

1972 J. Wilson Hide & Seek i. 19 Where's the icing sugar?.. There's only the gran and castor there.

2008 BBC Good Food Sept. 145/2 For a final flourish, dust a layer of icing sugar over the top of your scrumptious confection.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	icing
释义	icingn. Brit. /ˈʌɪsɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈaɪsɪŋ/ Forms: 1600s– iceing, 1600s– icing. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: ice v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < ice v. + -ing suffix¹. 1. a. A mixture of sugar (or other sweetener) with water, egg white, butter, or margarine, often coloured or flavoured, or a synthetic preparation with similar properties, used for covering or decorating cakes, biscuits, or pastries. Also figurative (cf. the icing on the cake at Phrases). Cf. frosting n. 3. royal, sugar icing, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > garnishing > [noun] > icing or sugar coating icing1683 frosting1750 piping1846 fondant1861 water icing1881 buttercream1908 sugar-coating1908 rolled fondant1962 1683 M. H. Young Cooks Monitor 117 You must keep it stirring till the Cake is baked, then Ice it with a brush all over, and put it in the Oven to harden the Iceing. 1696 Whole Duty of Woman (ed. 2) x. 172 Put it into a moderate hot Oven, and when the Icing begins to rise, take it out. 1736 Compl. Family-piece i. ii. 139 Strike them [sc. the tarts] all over the Top, with a small Bunch of Feathers dipt in this Icing. 1769 E. Raffald Experienced Eng. House-keeper v. 125 Tarts that are iced, require a slow Oven, or the Iceing will be Brown. 1845 E. Acton Mod. Cookery xvi. 402 When a whiter icing is preferred, the pastry must be..brushed with white of egg..; then well covered with..sifted sugar. 1887 L. Beard & A. B. Beard How to amuse yourself & Others (1888) i. 10 Dainty confectionery..can be made of small radishes covered with icing of different colors. 1925 W. Faulkner Let. 1 May in Thinking of Home (1992) 204 I got the cake today, a grand one... Just as fresh and firm, and the icing good and bitter and rich. 1970 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 26 Sept. 12/1 The missionaries have a dubious legacy, says Father Gallagher. ‘We had been giving them the icing and not the cake, the Christian tools with which they need to meet the circumstances in life they face.’ 2004 C. Donald Rude Kids (2005) i. 18 Two big, sugary rounds of shortbread stuck together with jam, covered in icing and with half a cherry on the top. b. The process of covering or decorating a cake, biscuit, or pastry with such a mixture. ΚΠ 1708 W. King Art of Cookery 32 The Iceing of Cakes at Woodstreet Corner, and the Refining of Sugar, was but an Invention of Two hundred Years standing. 1867 Young Englishwoman May 247 The cook calmly went on with the icing of an enormous bride-cake. 1876 Christian Monitor Feb. 76/1 Oh yes! how he would love to nibble at the cake dough, and help do the icing! 1918 N. Carolina Booklet Jan. 146 There was the making of the chicken salad..and the roasting of turkeys and the icing of the little cakes. 2011 S. A. McLeod Dining with Washingtons 181/1 The mistress of the house directed the operation, often doing the icing and decorating herself. 2. The process of chilling or preserving food or drink by means of ice; refrigeration with ice. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > [noun] > becoming or making cold > by means of ice icing1767 the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [noun] > preserving by cooling or freezing refrigeration1850 cold storage1877 quick-freezing1889 chilling1902 flash freezing1942 hydro-cooling1942 freeze-drying1944 blast-freezing1948 icing1956 cook-freeze1970 cook-chill1977 sous vide1986 1767 B. Clermont tr. Menon Art Mod. Cookery Displayed II. 400 You may also boil Pistachio-nuts in this Cream, and sift it before icing. 1830 M. Donovan Domest. Econ. II. viii. 377 Some kinds of bad port wine are improved by icing. 1875 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 446/1 That the flavour and firmness of the fish are impaired by icing there can be no doubt. 1901 E. Holt Encycl. Etiquette vi. 137 A skilful man servant giving his attention to the proper icing of the wine in the pantry. 1956 Food Transportation (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 19/1 These fruits and vegetables are mostly shipped under standard refrigeration, with ice. This involves icing at the starting point. 2001 Econ. & Polit. Weekly 15 Sept. 3555/2 The pre-processing unit carries out the cleaning, precise peeling off of the shell and the washing and icing of the prawns. 3. The process of becoming covered with or obstructed by ice; the formation of ice on a vehicle, road, etc. Frequently with up (also occasionally down). Cf. to ice up at ice v. Phrasal verbs 3. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > ice > [noun] > formation > on aircraft icing1937 1860 A. Bell tr. F.-X. Garneau Hist. Canada III. xiv. i. 173 The icing up of the St. Lawrence [river] for nearly a moiety of the year. 1881 A. Leslie tr. A. E. Nordenskiöld Voy. Vega I. ix. 451 It is such a mist that causes the icing down of the rigging of vessels..the tackling of the Vega was covered with pieces of ice so large, and layers so thick, that accidents might have happened by the falling of the ice on the deck. 1908 Horseless Age 23 Sept. 397/1 With the unexpected icing up of the roads and your blacksmith half a mile away you are in a bad fix. 1937 Evening News 29 Jan. 8/3 The latest theory connects the very fine rain with one of the most dangerous phenomena in flying: icing-up of the wings. 1945 Tee Emm (Air Ministry) 5 53 Icing may occur, which requires hot air and..reduces available engine power. 1955 Times 12 Aug. 5/1 The Hull Trawler Officers' Guild are meeting soon to discuss the icing up of trawlers. 1987 W. M. Reddy Money & Liberty Mod. Europe iii. 98 A competition developed to see who could lay the most stone despite the cold drizzle and the icing up of the scaffolding. 2009 New Scientist 28 Nov. 26/4 In cold weather, this warm water was pumped through a grid of pipes beneath the road to prevent icing. 4. Ice Hockey. The action of hitting the puck from one's own half of the rink into the area behind the opponent's goal line (but not into the goal); this regarded as a minor infraction. Cf. ice v. 7a.Short-handed teams are generally permitted to do this without incurring a penalty. In some leagues, ‘icing’ is called when the puck is touched by an opposing player other than the goaltender; in others, it is deemed to have occurred as soon as the puck crosses the goal line. ΚΠ 1937 Lowell (Mass.) Sun 27 Dec. 10/6 There were also moves to curb the icing of the puck. 1950 F. Hewitt Hello, Canada xi. 80 The puck was retrieved because of the icing and brought back for another facing. 1989 Valley Independent (Monessen, Pa.) 12 Apr. 3 b/3 I knew we were short-handed and that it wouldn't be icing. 1993 Hockey News (Toronto) 5 Feb. 7/2 He also claims the possibility of missing the breakaway pass and being called for icing would deter teams from trying it more. 2010 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 14 Feb. (Sports section) 7/2 There will be no touch-up icing at the Olympics. Play will stop as soon as the puck crosses the goal line. Phrases Originally U.S. the icing on the cake and variants: an additional benefit to something that is already good; (also) an attractive but inessential enhancement. Now also ironic. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > [noun] > ornamentation or decoration > an ornament > trimmings all the trimmings1927 the icing on the cake1969 1896 News & Observer (Raleigh, N. Carolina) 7 Apr. 5/3 The afternoon session was the climax, the ‘icing’ on the cake. 1918 Ogden (Utah) Standard 4 Mar. 5/1 To a man love is merely the icing on the cake of life, but to a woman love is the bread of life, and she starves and perishes without it. 1950 Billboard 4 Feb. 54/3 Some fine moppet actors have already been on view this season, but it takes 12-year-old Johnny Stewart..to put the icing on the juvenile performance cake. 1969 Listener 3 Apr. 468/3 All this theology is icing on the cake... ‘Pas sérieuse’..is an epithet I would apply to the whole book. 1970 ‘T. Coe’ Jade in Aries (1973) iii. 30 If I went to Manzoni's captain, it would just put the icing on the cake. Cornell would really be in the soup. 1998 K. Lette Altar Ego xxxiii. 287 But the icing on the angst pie was yet to come. 2003 A. Notaro Back after Break xix. 174 They were invited for a drink with the crew after the show, which was the icing on the cake as far as they were concerned: a chance to really mingle with the rich and famous. Compounds icing bag n. = piping bag n. at piping n.² Compounds. ΚΠ 1885 Sheffield & Rotherham Weekly Independent Suppl. 16 May Suppl. 8/1 ‘Piping’..is done by putting some icing..into the icing bag, to which has been attached a small tube, and by gentle pressure the icing will come out. 1902 Brit. at Work 105/2 The biscuits are spread out on a bench; the girl takes the icing bag in her right hand, and by applying slight pressure forces the contents through the perforations at the end. 2007 E. Love Time Lapse 36 There were the ready made plastic icing bags, but she preferred to make her own with greaseproof paper, snipping off the end with a pair of scissors. icing house n. a building or storage facility where food is preserved by means of ice; cf. ice house n. 1. ΚΠ 1886 P. S. Robinson Valley Tee-totum Trees 24 Hanging up as two ‘sides of pork’ in the icing-house. 1914 Ice & Refrigeration May 275/1 His inspector found that station was not equipped with a regular icing house and did not carry a supply of ice. icing sugar n. finely powdered sugar, typically used for making icing and dusting cakes.In the U.S., also called powdered sugar. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > sweetener > [noun] > sugar > icing sugar ice?1600 frosting1756 icing sugar1852 1852 F. Bishop Illustr. London Cookery Bk. 308 Put a pound of prepared icing sugar into a basin with the whites of two eggs. 1972 J. Wilson Hide & Seek i. 19 Where's the icing sugar?.. There's only the gran and castor there. 2008 BBC Good Food Sept. 145/2 For a final flourish, dust a layer of icing sugar over the top of your scrumptious confection. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1683
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