ichneumonn.

Brit.

/ɪkˈnjuːmən/, U.S.

/ɪkˈn(j)umən/

Forms: (Also 1500s ichnewmon, 1600s icnumon.)

Etymology: < Latin ichneumōn, < Greek ἰχνεύμων the ichneumon, also, a small kind of wasp that hunts spiders, lit. ‘tracker’, < ἰχνεύειν to track or trace out, < ἴχνος track, footstep. In French ichneumon (16th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter).

1. A small brownish-coloured slender-bodied carnivorous quadruped, Herpestes (formerly Viverra) ichneumon, closely allied to the mongoose, and resembling the weasel tribe in form and habits. It is found in Egypt, where it feeds on small mammals and reptiles, but is especially noted for destroying the eggs of the crocodile, on which account it was held in veneration by the ancient Egyptians. (Also called Pharaoh's Rat, and formerly Indian Mouse.)With the early fabulous accounts cf. cockatrice n., = calcatrix, in origin a Latin translation of ἰχνεύμων.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Carnivora > [noun] > family Herpestidae > genus Herpestes (mongoose)

ichneumon1572

rat of Inde1601

Pharaoh's rat1605

Indian mouse1607

Pharaoh's mouse1607

Indian rat1613

mongoose1673

mungo1752

vansire1774

yellow mongoose1917

1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie iii. f. 17^v Called a Mouse of Indie, otherwise Ichneumon, a beaste of Egypte of the greatnes of a Catte..who creepeth into the body of a Crocodyle, when in sleape he gapeth and eating his bowels, sleaeth him.

1579 S. Gosson Schoole of Abuse f. 20^v Ichneumon a little woorme, ouercomes the Elephant.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 448 Marcellus and Solinus, doe make question of this beast (Ichneumon) to be a kind of Otter, or the Otter a kinde of this Ichneumon, which..diligently searcheth out the seates of wilde beasts, especially the Crocodile and the Aspe, whose egges it destroyeth.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 101 As for the Icnumon, hee hath but onely changed his name; now called the Rat of Nilus.

1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 34 If Ichneumon and Crocodile Do fight in Niger, as in Nile.

1738 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) I. 42 The Ichneumon was ador'd, because he prevented the too great increase of crocodiles.

1855 Eng. Cycl., Nat. Hist. III. 82 Lucan and Rumphius both notice the skill of the Ichneumon in seizing serpents by the throat so as to avoid injury.

2. A small parasitic hymenopterous insect (family Ichneumonidæ), which deposits its eggs in or on the larva of another insect; upon which its larvæ feed when hatched; an ichneumon-fly.The name had been already applied by Aristotle to ‘a small kind of wasp that hunts spiders’; partly from which, partly in reference to the old stories as to the entry of the mammalian ichneumon into the body of the crocodile, Linnæus applied it to the parasitic flies. The genus is now much restricted from its Linnæan extent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Parasitica > superfamily Ichneumonoidea > member of family Ichneumonidae

ichneumon1658

ichneumon-fly1713

cuckoo-fly1868

1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 924 The Wasps called Ichneumones, are less than the rest: they kill Spiders called Phalangia, and after they have done they carry them into their nests, and dawb them over with dirt, and so sitting upon them do procreate their own species.

1671 F. Willoughby in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 2279 It is very surprizing to observe, that a great Caterpillar, instead of being changed into a Butter-fly..should produce sometimes..a whole swarm of Ichneumones.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) Some of these Ichneumons make the bodies of other smaller flies the places of hatching their eggs.

1815 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. I. xi. 193 Some Ichneumons, instead of burying their eggs in the body of the larvæ..content themselves with gluing them to the skin of their prey.

1864 H. Jones Holiday Papers 149 On the cocoon which the caterpillar spins being opened, an ichneumon steps out, instead of a butterfly or a moth.

Compounds

ichneumon-fly n. = 2.

ΘΚΠ

ichneumon1658

ichneumon-fly1713

cuckoo-fly1868

1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. viii. vi. 415 The Insects that infest Fruits, are either of the Ichneumon-Fly kind, or Phalænæ.

a1793 G. White Observ. Insects in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1802) II. 231 I saw lately a small ichneumon fly attack a spider much larger than itself.

1883 Wood in Good Words 763/1 The parasitic Ichneumon flies..are here in great force.

† ichneumon maggot n. Obsolete the larva of the ichneumon-fly.

ΚΠ

1671 F. Willoughby in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 2279 There come many of these Ichneumon maggots out of the body of the same Caterpillar.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ichneumon
释义	ichneumonn. Brit. /ɪkˈnjuːmən/, U.S. /ɪkˈn(j)umən/ Forms: (Also 1500s ichnewmon, 1600s icnumon.) Etymology: < Latin ichneumōn, < Greek ἰχνεύμων the ichneumon, also, a small kind of wasp that hunts spiders, lit. ‘tracker’, < ἰχνεύειν to track or trace out, < ἴχνος track, footstep. In French ichneumon (16th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter). 1. A small brownish-coloured slender-bodied carnivorous quadruped, Herpestes (formerly Viverra) ichneumon, closely allied to the mongoose, and resembling the weasel tribe in form and habits. It is found in Egypt, where it feeds on small mammals and reptiles, but is especially noted for destroying the eggs of the crocodile, on which account it was held in veneration by the ancient Egyptians. (Also called Pharaoh's Rat, and formerly Indian Mouse.)With the early fabulous accounts cf. cockatrice n., = calcatrix, in origin a Latin translation of ἰχνεύμων. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Carnivora > [noun] > family Herpestidae > genus Herpestes (mongoose) ichneumon1572 rat of Inde1601 Pharaoh's rat1605 Indian mouse1607 Pharaoh's mouse1607 Indian rat1613 mongoose1673 mungo1752 vansire1774 yellow mongoose1917 1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie iii. f. 17^v Called a Mouse of Indie, otherwise Ichneumon, a beaste of Egypte of the greatnes of a Catte..who creepeth into the body of a Crocodyle, when in sleape he gapeth and eating his bowels, sleaeth him. 1579 S. Gosson Schoole of Abuse f. 20^v Ichneumon a little woorme, ouercomes the Elephant. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 448 Marcellus and Solinus, doe make question of this beast (Ichneumon) to be a kind of Otter, or the Otter a kinde of this Ichneumon, which..diligently searcheth out the seates of wilde beasts, especially the Crocodile and the Aspe, whose egges it destroyeth. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 101 As for the Icnumon, hee hath but onely changed his name; now called the Rat of Nilus. 1681 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 34 If Ichneumon and Crocodile Do fight in Niger, as in Nile. 1738 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. (ed. 2) I. 42 The Ichneumon was ador'd, because he prevented the too great increase of crocodiles. 1855 Eng. Cycl., Nat. Hist. III. 82 Lucan and Rumphius both notice the skill of the Ichneumon in seizing serpents by the throat so as to avoid injury. 2. A small parasitic hymenopterous insect (family Ichneumonidæ), which deposits its eggs in or on the larva of another insect; upon which its larvæ feed when hatched; an ichneumon-fly.The name had been already applied by Aristotle to ‘a small kind of wasp that hunts spiders’; partly from which, partly in reference to the old stories as to the entry of the mammalian ichneumon into the body of the crocodile, Linnæus applied it to the parasitic flies. The genus is now much restricted from its Linnæan extent. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Parasitica > superfamily Ichneumonoidea > member of family Ichneumonidae ichneumon1658 ichneumon-fly1713 cuckoo-fly1868 1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 924 The Wasps called Ichneumones, are less than the rest: they kill Spiders called Phalangia, and after they have done they carry them into their nests, and dawb them over with dirt, and so sitting upon them do procreate their own species. 1671 F. Willoughby in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 2279 It is very surprizing to observe, that a great Caterpillar, instead of being changed into a Butter-fly..should produce sometimes..a whole swarm of Ichneumones. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. (at cited word) Some of these Ichneumons make the bodies of other smaller flies the places of hatching their eggs. 1815 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. I. xi. 193 Some Ichneumons, instead of burying their eggs in the body of the larvæ..content themselves with gluing them to the skin of their prey. 1864 H. Jones Holiday Papers 149 On the cocoon which the caterpillar spins being opened, an ichneumon steps out, instead of a butterfly or a moth. Compounds ichneumon-fly n. = 2. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Parasitica > superfamily Ichneumonoidea > member of family Ichneumonidae ichneumon1658 ichneumon-fly1713 cuckoo-fly1868 1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. viii. vi. 415 The Insects that infest Fruits, are either of the Ichneumon-Fly kind, or Phalænæ. a1793 G. White Observ. Insects in Nat. Hist. Selborne (1802) II. 231 I saw lately a small ichneumon fly attack a spider much larger than itself. 1883 Wood in Good Words 763/1 The parasitic Ichneumon flies..are here in great force. † ichneumon maggot n. Obsolete the larva of the ichneumon-fly. ΚΠ 1671 F. Willoughby in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 6 2279 There come many of these Ichneumon maggots out of the body of the same Caterpillar. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > see also also refers to : ichneumon-comb. form < n.1572 see also
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ichneumonn.

Compounds

> see also