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单词 icenian
释义

Iceniann.adj.

Brit. /ʌɪˈsiːnɪən/, U.S. /aɪˈsiniən/
Forms: 1500s– Icenian, 1900s– Icenaean.
Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Iceni.
Etymology: < the name of the Iceni (see Iceni n.) + -ian suffix. Compare earlier Iceni n.With the form Icenaean compare -ean suffix.
A. n.
1. A member of the Iceni (see Iceni n.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > Celtic people > [noun] > ancient Britons > other ancient Britons
Belges?1556
Belgae1573
Icenian1598
Iberian1880
1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales xiv. x. 210 The chiefest of the Icenians [L. Icenorum]..were dispossessed of al their ancient inheritance.
1639 H. Peacham Merry Disc. Meum & Tuum 7 Meum went one way by Sea over to the Icenians, and Tuum by land another.
1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. ii. 55 The Icenians, a stout people untouch'd yet by these Warrs.
1743 W. Stukeley Palæographia Britannica 1 2 It [sc. a road] is called the Ikenil..because it goes to the country of the Icenians.
1797 S. H. Wilcocke Britannia 22 Their brutal injuries have steeled her heart, And roused th' Icenians to a fell revenge.
1864 Ld. Tennyson Boädicea in Enoch Arden, etc. 169 Hear Icenian, Catieuchlanian, hear Coritanian, Trinobant!
1921 G. Bottomley Britain's Daughter in Gruach 118 Icenians, it is hard to all of us To stay alive to-night.
2002 S. Scarrow When Eagle Hunts (2005) xxiv. 185 Whatever he shouted, it was heard by the Icenians and immediately they..galloped for their lives into the forest.
2. Geology. The Icenian stage (see sense B. 2); the strata collectively dating from this time. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [noun] > quaternary > Pleistocene
Pleistocene1852
Icenian1870
1870 C. Knight Nat. Hist. Suppl. 700 The first period was the Tremadocian, corresponding to what is usually termed the Cambrian, and the last the Icenian, corresponding to what is more commonly known as pliocene.
1919 Irish Naturalist 28 113 The Northern Tellen..did not appear till the very latest stage of the Norfolk Icenian at Weybourn.
1968 New Phytologist 67 323 Like other Meditteranean or southern forms, this dinoflagellate does not reappear in the Icenian at Ludham.
1988 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 322 257 This limited fauna can also be ascribed to the Icenian.
B. adj.
1. Of or relating to the Iceni; belonging to the Iceni.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > Celtic people > [adjective] > ancient Britons > other ancient Britons
Icenian1624
Icenic1809
Iberian1880
1624 E. Bolton Nero Caesar xxv. 105 Catus..instrumentallie conuerted the Icenian kingdome to a prouincial demesn of the Caesars.
1695 R. Blackmore Prince Arthur vii. 193 The Soil the brave Icenian Britons blest With Peace.
1757 J. Dyer Fleece iii. 87 This method still Norvicum favours, and the Icenian towns.
1830 D. Turner Mem. Forby in R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia I. p. xxxix With only one more extract I will close what remains to be said respecting the Icenian Glossary.
c1873 A. D. Bayne Royal Illustr. Hist. E. Eng. I. 395 There are thousands of pits in many places, and these are supposed to have been the foundations of Icenian huts.
1921 R. A. S. Macalister Text-bk. European Archæol. I. 158 To this type of flint, or to the supposed industry which it represents, has been given the name Icenian.
1962 T. C. Lethbridge Witches vii. 95 Hiccafrith becomes the Sun husband of the Icenaean moon and horse goddess, Ma Gog.
2002 Essex Chron. (Nexis) 15 Nov. 11 The result was a gang of Icenian ladettes terrorising not only the Roman invaders but also the local male population into submission.
2. Geology. Designating a stage of the early Pleistocene series (originally regarded as late Pliocene), exemplified by deposits of sand, clay, etc., in East Anglia; of or relating to this stage.In quot. 1856 designating a somewhat larger formation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > structure of the earth > age or period > stratigraphic units > [adjective] > quaternary > Pleistocene > specific
Icenian1856
turbarian1895
Cromerian1900
1856 S. P. Woodward Man. Mollusca iii. 410 The term Icenian is proposed for the Pliocene strata, because their order of succession was first determined, by Mr. Charlesworth, in the eastern counties of England, the country of the Iceni.
1896 Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 52 782 He [sc. H. B. Woodward] was..glad that Mr. Harmer now agreed that the beds belonged to one formation; and if it were desirable to use a term that should correspond with the other group-names used by the Author, he would suggest that the old term ‘Icenian’ be used for this Norwich Crag Series.
1900 F. W. Harmer in Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. 56 721 For the deposits hitherto known as Norwich Crag.., which extend..from Aldeburgh in Suffolk to Horstead and Burgh in Norfolk, a distance of more than 40 miles in one direction, and 20 miles, from Hoxne to Southwold, in another, I adopt the name Icenian, originally proposed for the Crag-formation generally by S. P. Woodward.
1957 J. K. Charlesworth Quaternary Era II. xxxii. 697 The impoverished state of many Icenian shells may (doubtfully) have been due to a freshened North Sea which resulted when the Scandinavian ice..blocked the northern outlet of that sea.
1968 R. G. West Pleistocene Geol. & Biol. xiii. 337 A major time of extinction [of species of mollusc] was after Icenian Crag times, and before the Hoxnian temperate stage.
2003 G. Heeney Brickworks ii. 20 Icenian clays..are found mainly in East Suffolk and fire red.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.1598
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