arquebus à crocn.

Brit.

/ˌɑːkwᵻbəs ɑː ˈkrɒk/, U.S.

/ˌɑrk(w)əbəs ə ˈkrɑk/

Forms:

α. 1500s harquebusse of crocke, 1500s harquebuz of crock, 1500s herquebuz of crock, 1600s Harquebuse of Croc, 1600s hargabush of crocke, 1600s harguebuse of Crocke, 1600s harguebuz of crocke, 1600s harquebush of crocke, 1600s harquebuz of crocke, 1900s– arquebus of crock (rare).

β. 1500s harquebush a crocke, 1500s–1600s harquebuse a crocke, 1500s–1600s harquebuze a crocke, 1600s arcabuz a crock, 1600s arquebuss a crock, 1600s hargabusacrock, 1600s harguebuse a-crocke, 1600s harguebuze a crock, 1600s harguibusse a crock, 1600s harquebus a crock, 1600s harquebus a crocke, 1600s harquebuse a crock, 1600s harquebuse acrock, 1600s harquebush a crock, 1600s harquebuss a croc, 1600s harquebuss a crock, 1600s harquebusse a crock, 1600s harquebusse a crocke, 1600s harquebusse a croek, 1600s harquebusse acrock, 1600s harquebuz-a-crocke, 1600s harquebuze a crock, 1600s harquebuze a-crock, 1600s harquibusse acrocke, 1600s harquzes a crock (plural, nonstandard), 1600s 1800s– arquebuse à croc, 1700s harquebus au croc, 1700s–1800s arquebus a croc, 1700s 1900s– arquebus à croc, 1800s arquebus-à-croc, 1800s harquebus à croc.

γ. 1500s harquebus de croc, 1500s harquebuse de crocke, 1500s harquebusse de crocke, 1600s arcabuse de crocke, 1600s harquebuz de croq.

δ. 1600s harquebush Crocke.

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French harquebuze a crocq.

Etymology: Apparently ultimately < Middle French harquebuze a crocq, harquebouse a croc (mid 16th cent. or earlier; compare hacquebute a croq , apparently attested slightly earlier: see hackbut of croc n.) < arquebuse arquebus n. + à at, to (see a- prefix⁵ and compare à la prep.) + crocq , croq , croc hook (French croc ; ultimately < the Germanic base of crook n.). In α. forms showing substitution of of prep. for the French preposition, perhaps after hackbut of croc n. In γ. forms) apparently showing substitution of Middle French de de prep. II. for the preposition; compare French arquebuse de croc (early 18th cent., chiefly in dictionaries translating wall-gun n. at wall n.¹ Compounds 2a). In δ. forms showing omission of the preposition. Compare earlier hackbut of croc n. and hackbut of crochet n.In French, the phrase à croc ‘with hook’ was apparently added after the sense of arquebuse (which is not etymologically transparent as being a ‘gun with a hook’ in either French or English) was extended to firearms more widely, including types without a hook (see discussion at hackbush n.). Perhaps compare the similarly formed Middle French arbalestre à croc (1410), arbalestre de croc (1417; compare arbalest n.), denoting a kind of crossbow loaded with the help of a hook (although in this case the hook was not part of the weapon itself and had a markedly different function).

Now historical.

An arquebus with a hook under the barrel (see note at arquebus n. 1). Cf. hackbut of croc n.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > arquebus or hackbut

hackbush1484

hackbut1531

arquebus1532

hackbut of crochet1533

hackbut of croc1543

bowse1556

hackbusher1556

harquebut1562

arquebuserc1570

arquebus à croc1572

monk's gun1846

monk's arquebus1870

1572 Inventory in T. D. Whitaker Hist. & Antiq. Deanery of Craven (1812) 334 II harquebusses of crocke.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Arquebuse à croc, an harguebuse a-crocke (somewhat bigger than a musket).

a1661 J. Glanville Voy. Cadiz (1883) 75 By the faire carrieng of their peices Itt was manifest that some of them were Harque-bush of Crocke.

1678 tr. L. de Gaya Treat. Arms of War 87 The Arquebuss a Crock is made of Iron, in form of a great Musket. It may be fired three hundred times a day..The Bullet of it weighs three ounces.

1725 D. Defoe Gen. Hist. Discov. xvii. 228 A larger sort, which they called Harquebus au croc, because it stood upon an Iron Frame call'd a-Croc, and fastened with a kind of Swivel, or Scrue, to the said Frame.

1786 F. Grose Mil. Antiq. I. 160 These culverines or hand canons, which were fired on little carriages, were what we now call the arquebus à croc.

1829 London Encycl. II. 743/1 Arquebus a Croc is a sort of small fort gun.

1888 Profess. Papers Corps Royal Engineers 13 118 The harquebus à croc remained in use for long after the Civil War.

1906 United Service Mag. June 331 What was really the first musket was the Arquebus à Croc.

1956 H. L. Peterson Arms & Armor in Colonial Amer. ii. v. 207 An arquebus à croc..was simply a huge musket—or later sometimes a rifle—designed to fire at greater ranges than the ordinary arm.

2004 S. Turnbull Hussite Wars 36 A modern reproduction..shows the tarasnice as a cruder and smaller version of the weapon later known as the arquebus à croc.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	arquebus à croc
释义	arquebus à crocn. Brit. /ˌɑːkwᵻbəs ɑː ˈkrɒk/, U.S. /ˌɑrk(w)əbəs ə ˈkrɑk/ Forms: α. 1500s harquebusse of crocke, 1500s harquebuz of crock, 1500s herquebuz of crock, 1600s Harquebuse of Croc, 1600s hargabush of crocke, 1600s harguebuse of Crocke, 1600s harguebuz of crocke, 1600s harquebush of crocke, 1600s harquebuz of crocke, 1900s– arquebus of crock (rare). β. 1500s harquebush a crocke, 1500s–1600s harquebuse a crocke, 1500s–1600s harquebuze a crocke, 1600s arcabuz a crock, 1600s arquebuss a crock, 1600s hargabusacrock, 1600s harguebuse a-crocke, 1600s harguebuze a crock, 1600s harguibusse a crock, 1600s harquebus a crock, 1600s harquebus a crocke, 1600s harquebuse a crock, 1600s harquebuse acrock, 1600s harquebush a crock, 1600s harquebuss a croc, 1600s harquebuss a crock, 1600s harquebusse a crock, 1600s harquebusse a crocke, 1600s harquebusse a croek, 1600s harquebusse acrock, 1600s harquebuz-a-crocke, 1600s harquebuze a crock, 1600s harquebuze a-crock, 1600s harquibusse acrocke, 1600s harquzes a crock (plural, nonstandard), 1600s 1800s– arquebuse à croc, 1700s harquebus au croc, 1700s–1800s arquebus a croc, 1700s 1900s– arquebus à croc, 1800s arquebus-à-croc, 1800s harquebus à croc. γ. 1500s harquebus de croc, 1500s harquebuse de crocke, 1500s harquebusse de crocke, 1600s arcabuse de crocke, 1600s harquebuz de croq. δ. 1600s harquebush Crocke. Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French harquebuze a crocq. Etymology: Apparently ultimately < Middle French harquebuze a crocq, harquebouse a croc (mid 16th cent. or earlier; compare hacquebute a croq , apparently attested slightly earlier: see hackbut of croc n.) < arquebuse arquebus n. + à at, to (see a- prefix⁵ and compare à la prep.) + crocq , croq , croc hook (French croc ; ultimately < the Germanic base of crook n.). In α. forms showing substitution of of prep. for the French preposition, perhaps after hackbut of croc n. In γ. forms) apparently showing substitution of Middle French de de prep. II. for the preposition; compare French arquebuse de croc (early 18th cent., chiefly in dictionaries translating wall-gun n. at wall n.¹ Compounds 2a). In δ. forms showing omission of the preposition. Compare earlier hackbut of croc n. and hackbut of crochet n.In French, the phrase à croc ‘with hook’ was apparently added after the sense of arquebuse (which is not etymologically transparent as being a ‘gun with a hook’ in either French or English) was extended to firearms more widely, including types without a hook (see discussion at hackbush n.). Perhaps compare the similarly formed Middle French arbalestre à croc (1410), arbalestre de croc (1417; compare arbalest n.), denoting a kind of crossbow loaded with the help of a hook (although in this case the hook was not part of the weapon itself and had a markedly different function). Now historical. An arquebus with a hook under the barrel (see note at arquebus n. 1). Cf. hackbut of croc n. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > arquebus or hackbut hackbush1484 hackbut1531 arquebus1532 hackbut of crochet1533 hackbut of croc1543 bowse1556 hackbusher1556 harquebut1562 arquebuserc1570 arquebus à croc1572 monk's gun1846 monk's arquebus1870 1572 Inventory in T. D. Whitaker Hist. & Antiq. Deanery of Craven (1812) 334 II harquebusses of crocke. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Arquebuse à croc, an harguebuse a-crocke (somewhat bigger than a musket). a1661 J. Glanville Voy. Cadiz (1883) 75 By the faire carrieng of their peices Itt was manifest that some of them were Harque-bush of Crocke. 1678 tr. L. de Gaya Treat. Arms of War 87 The Arquebuss a Crock is made of Iron, in form of a great Musket. It may be fired three hundred times a day..The Bullet of it weighs three ounces. 1725 D. Defoe Gen. Hist. Discov. xvii. 228 A larger sort, which they called Harquebus au croc, because it stood upon an Iron Frame call'd a-Croc, and fastened with a kind of Swivel, or Scrue, to the said Frame. 1786 F. Grose Mil. Antiq. I. 160 These culverines or hand canons, which were fired on little carriages, were what we now call the arquebus à croc. 1829 London Encycl. II. 743/1 Arquebus a Croc is a sort of small fort gun. 1888 Profess. Papers Corps Royal Engineers 13 118 The harquebus à croc remained in use for long after the Civil War. 1906 United Service Mag. June 331 What was really the first musket was the Arquebus à Croc. 1956 H. L. Peterson Arms & Armor in Colonial Amer. ii. v. 207 An arquebus à croc..was simply a huge musket—or later sometimes a rifle—designed to fire at greater ranges than the ordinary arm. 2004 S. Turnbull Hussite Wars 36 A modern reproduction..shows the tarasnice as a cruder and smaller version of the weapon later known as the arquebus à croc. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1572
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