hypothalamusn.

/hʌɪpəʊˈθaləməs/

Etymology: modern Latin (W. His (at Waldeyer's suggestion) 1893, in Arch. f. Anat. u. Physiol. (Anat. Abth.) 159), < hypo- prefix + thalamus n.

Anatomy.

The lower part of the diencephalon of the brain in vertebrates, lying below and in front of the thalamus and forming the floor and part of the wall of the third ventricle; in mammals it acts as the chief co-ordinating region of the autonomic nervous system and helps to regulate the hormonal activity of the adenohypophysis. Writers vary in counting as part of the hypothalamus (a) the infundibulum and neurohypophysis, and (b) the subthalamic tegmental region.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > hypothalamus

hypothalamus1896

1896 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 6 309 (in list of anatomical names) Hypothalamus.

1899 L. F. Barker Nerv. Syst. xlvi. 666 These various fibres..pass through the pedunculus cerebri..to reach the diencephalon, where most of them in all probability terminate in the hypothalamus, in the thalamencephalon, or in the nucleus lentiformis.

1909 Gray's Anat. (ed. 17) 849 The hypothalamus..includes the subthalamic tegmental region and the structures which form the greater part of the floor of the third ventricle, viz. the corpora mamillaria, tuber cinereum, infundibulum, pituitary body, and optic commissure.

1942 L. H. Hyman Compar. Vertebr. Anat. (ed. 2) xiv. 434 The hypothalamus reaches its greatest development in fishes, where it is an important correlation center for olfactory, gustatory, and other sensory impulses.

1944 J. Hoffman Female Endocrinol. xv. 231 Proof that the hypothalamus regulates the gonadotropic function of the anterior hypophysis is still lacking.

1956 A. C. Guyton Textbk. Med. Physiol. I. 633/1 When a surgeon operates in the region of the hypothalamus, simply tugging on the tissues is likely to cause such intense changes in heart rate, blood pressure, blood glucose level, body temperature, etc., that the operative mortality is approximately 40 per cent from these factors alone.

1962 T. W. Torrey Morphogenesis Vertebr. xviii. 510 In all vertebrates it is the hypothalamus which exercises control over such truly involuntary actions as temperature regulation, sexual reactions, breathing rate, emotional responses, and the rhythm of sleep.

1964 T. J. Parker & W. A. Haswell Text-bk. Zool. (ed. 7) II. 245 [In the dogfish, Scyliorhinus] the hypothalamus in the floor of the diencephalon is well-developed and may, as in ‘higher’ vertebrates, be concerned with the regulation of various unconditioned reflexes and visceral functions.

1968 A. van Tienhoven Reprod. Physiol. Vertebr. viii. 207/1 The hypothalamus thus performs the task of being an intermediary between the nervous system, of which it is part, and the endocrine system, to which it can send ‘hormonal’ information.

1968 Times 10 Oct. 8/5 One part of the brain which contains noradrenaline is the hypothalamus, which has the function of controlling body temperature by monitoring the temperature of the blood and directing the body systems to lose or conserve heat.

1972 Sci. Amer. Nov. 24/1 The pituitary gland is attached by a stalk to the region in the base of the brain known as the hypothalamus.

Derivatives

hypoˈthalamic adj. of or pertaining to the hypothalamus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [adjective] > hypothalamus

hypothalamic1899

hypothalamico-hypophysial1934

hypothalamo-hypophysial1934

1899 L. F. Barker Nerv. Syst. xlvi. 683 In man the fibres of the main mass of white matter in the hypothalamic region..do not pass through the hilus into the thalamus.

1938 J. Beattie in W. E. Le Gros Clark et al. Hypothalamus 100 Sleep..is due to a damping-down of hypothalamic activity.

1942 O. Larsell Anat. Nerv. Syst. iii. 28 The thalamus and hypothalamus are bounded from each other by the hypothalamic sulcus.

1954 T. L. Peele Neuroanat. Basis Clin. Neurol. xiv. 310/2 Hypothalamic lesions..have resulted in a loss of cyclical sexual activities and genital atrophy.

1968 A. van Tienhoven Reprod. Physiol. Vertebr. viii. 249/1 Some of the hypothalamic hormones, e.g. oxytocin and vasopressin, are stored in the neurohypophysis.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

单词	hypothalamus
释义	hypothalamusn. /hʌɪpəʊˈθaləməs/ Etymology: modern Latin (W. His (at Waldeyer's suggestion) 1893, in Arch. f. Anat. u. Physiol. (Anat. Abth.) 159), < hypo- prefix + thalamus n. Anatomy. The lower part of the diencephalon of the brain in vertebrates, lying below and in front of the thalamus and forming the floor and part of the wall of the third ventricle; in mammals it acts as the chief co-ordinating region of the autonomic nervous system and helps to regulate the hormonal activity of the adenohypophysis. Writers vary in counting as part of the hypothalamus (a) the infundibulum and neurohypophysis, and (b) the subthalamic tegmental region. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [noun] > hypothalamus hypothalamus1896 1896 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 6 309 (in list of anatomical names) Hypothalamus. 1899 L. F. Barker Nerv. Syst. xlvi. 666 These various fibres..pass through the pedunculus cerebri..to reach the diencephalon, where most of them in all probability terminate in the hypothalamus, in the thalamencephalon, or in the nucleus lentiformis. 1909 Gray's Anat. (ed. 17) 849 The hypothalamus..includes the subthalamic tegmental region and the structures which form the greater part of the floor of the third ventricle, viz. the corpora mamillaria, tuber cinereum, infundibulum, pituitary body, and optic commissure. 1942 L. H. Hyman Compar. Vertebr. Anat. (ed. 2) xiv. 434 The hypothalamus reaches its greatest development in fishes, where it is an important correlation center for olfactory, gustatory, and other sensory impulses. 1944 J. Hoffman Female Endocrinol. xv. 231 Proof that the hypothalamus regulates the gonadotropic function of the anterior hypophysis is still lacking. 1956 A. C. Guyton Textbk. Med. Physiol. I. 633/1 When a surgeon operates in the region of the hypothalamus, simply tugging on the tissues is likely to cause such intense changes in heart rate, blood pressure, blood glucose level, body temperature, etc., that the operative mortality is approximately 40 per cent from these factors alone. 1962 T. W. Torrey Morphogenesis Vertebr. xviii. 510 In all vertebrates it is the hypothalamus which exercises control over such truly involuntary actions as temperature regulation, sexual reactions, breathing rate, emotional responses, and the rhythm of sleep. 1964 T. J. Parker & W. A. Haswell Text-bk. Zool. (ed. 7) II. 245 [In the dogfish, Scyliorhinus] the hypothalamus in the floor of the diencephalon is well-developed and may, as in ‘higher’ vertebrates, be concerned with the regulation of various unconditioned reflexes and visceral functions. 1968 A. van Tienhoven Reprod. Physiol. Vertebr. viii. 207/1 The hypothalamus thus performs the task of being an intermediary between the nervous system, of which it is part, and the endocrine system, to which it can send ‘hormonal’ information. 1968 Times 10 Oct. 8/5 One part of the brain which contains noradrenaline is the hypothalamus, which has the function of controlling body temperature by monitoring the temperature of the blood and directing the body systems to lose or conserve heat. 1972 Sci. Amer. Nov. 24/1 The pituitary gland is attached by a stalk to the region in the base of the brain known as the hypothalamus. Derivatives hypoˈthalamic adj. of or pertaining to the hypothalamus. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > nervous system > cerebrospinal axis > brain > parts of brain > [adjective] > hypothalamus hypothalamic1899 hypothalamico-hypophysial1934 hypothalamo-hypophysial1934 1899 L. F. Barker Nerv. Syst. xlvi. 683 In man the fibres of the main mass of white matter in the hypothalamic region..do not pass through the hilus into the thalamus. 1938 J. Beattie in W. E. Le Gros Clark et al. Hypothalamus 100 Sleep..is due to a damping-down of hypothalamic activity. 1942 O. Larsell Anat. Nerv. Syst. iii. 28 The thalamus and hypothalamus are bounded from each other by the hypothalamic sulcus. 1954 T. L. Peele Neuroanat. Basis Clin. Neurol. xiv. 310/2 Hypothalamic lesions..have resulted in a loss of cyclical sexual activities and genital atrophy. 1968 A. van Tienhoven Reprod. Physiol. Vertebr. viii. 249/1 Some of the hypothalamic hormones, e.g. oxytocin and vasopressin, are stored in the neurohypophysis. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1976; most recently modified version published online June 2018). < n.1896
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