hydroxiden.

Brit.

/hʌɪˈdrɒksʌɪd/, U.S.

/haɪˈdrɑkˌsaɪd/

Etymology: modern < hydro- comb. form 4 + oxide v.

Chemistry.

1. A compound of an element or radical with oxygen and hydrogen, not with water; by some chemists restricted to compounds whose reactions indicate the presence of the group hydroxyl (OH). †Formerly used interchangeably with hydrate n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic radicals > [noun] > radical compounds (general)

telluride1832

hydroxide1851

oleic ether1854

organo-mercurial1858

triacetate1860

sulphone1872

sulphoxide1894

tetraalkyllead1923

organophosphate1945

1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. IV. 1327 Hydroxide of iron, from San Claudio.

1869 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xvii. 175 If only a portion of the hydrogen in water is replaced by metal, the resulting compound is termed a Hydroxide: thus by the action of potassium on water hydrogen is liberated and caustic potash,..(potassium hydroxide), is formed.

1877 H. E. Roscoe & C. Schorlemmer Treat. Chem. I. 193 The basic oxides..form in combination with water a class of compounds termed Hydroxides or hydrated oxides.

1890 M. M. P. Muir & H. F. Morley Watts' Dict. Chem. (ed. 2) II. 703/2 Compounds formed by the union of molecules of H₂O with other molecules or atoms, without a rearrangement of the atoms of the group H₂O, are called hydrates; compounds formed by a reaction of molecules of H₂O with other molecules or atoms, such that the group H₂O is separated into its constituent atoms, which are rearranged in the new molecule, are called hydroxides. But it is often impossible to tell whether a given compound is an hydrate or an hydroxide.

2. attributive, as hydroxide ion.

ΚΠ

1955 Chem. & Engin. News 1 Aug. 3190/3 The name ‘hydroxyl’ has long denoted the group OH. In organic contexts it is undoubtedly correct; but the expression ‘hydroxyl ion’ is very frequently used, although possibly less logical than ‘hydroxide ion’.

1959 Nomencl. Inorg. Chem. (I.U.P.A.C.) 30 Certain polyatomic anions have names ending in -ide. These are: OH− hydroxide ion [etc.]... The OH− ion should not be called the hydroxyl ion. The name hydroxyl is reserved for the OH group when neutral or positively charged.

Derivatives

hyˈdroxidated adj. converted into a hydrated oxide.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [adjective] > of or relating to named chemical reactions or processes > of or relating to oxidation > hydroxidated

hydroxidated1851

1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. IV. 1326 Galenas..mixed with pyritic iron and hydroxidated iron.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hydroxide
释义	hydroxiden. Brit. /hʌɪˈdrɒksʌɪd/, U.S. /haɪˈdrɑkˌsaɪd/ Etymology: modern < hydro- comb. form 4 + oxide v. Chemistry. 1. A compound of an element or radical with oxygen and hydrogen, not with water; by some chemists restricted to compounds whose reactions indicate the presence of the group hydroxyl (OH). †Formerly used interchangeably with hydrate n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic radicals > [noun] > radical compounds (general) telluride1832 hydroxide1851 oleic ether1854 organo-mercurial1858 triacetate1860 sulphone1872 sulphoxide1894 tetraalkyllead1923 organophosphate1945 1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. IV. 1327 Hydroxide of iron, from San Claudio. 1869 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xvii. 175 If only a portion of the hydrogen in water is replaced by metal, the resulting compound is termed a Hydroxide: thus by the action of potassium on water hydrogen is liberated and caustic potash,..(potassium hydroxide), is formed. 1877 H. E. Roscoe & C. Schorlemmer Treat. Chem. I. 193 The basic oxides..form in combination with water a class of compounds termed Hydroxides or hydrated oxides. 1890 M. M. P. Muir & H. F. Morley Watts' Dict. Chem. (ed. 2) II. 703/2 Compounds formed by the union of molecules of H₂O with other molecules or atoms, without a rearrangement of the atoms of the group H₂O, are called hydrates; compounds formed by a reaction of molecules of H₂O with other molecules or atoms, such that the group H₂O is separated into its constituent atoms, which are rearranged in the new molecule, are called hydroxides. But it is often impossible to tell whether a given compound is an hydrate or an hydroxide. 2. attributive, as hydroxide ion. ΚΠ 1955 Chem. & Engin. News 1 Aug. 3190/3 The name ‘hydroxyl’ has long denoted the group OH. In organic contexts it is undoubtedly correct; but the expression ‘hydroxyl ion’ is very frequently used, although possibly less logical than ‘hydroxide ion’. 1959 Nomencl. Inorg. Chem. (I.U.P.A.C.) 30 Certain polyatomic anions have names ending in -ide. These are: OH− hydroxide ion [etc.]... The OH− ion should not be called the hydroxyl ion. The name hydroxyl is reserved for the OH group when neutral or positively charged. Derivatives hyˈdroxidated adj. converted into a hydrated oxide. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > [adjective] > of or relating to named chemical reactions or processes > of or relating to oxidation > hydroxidated hydroxidated1851 1851 Official Descriptive & Illustr. Catal. Great Exhib. IV. 1326 Galenas..mixed with pyritic iron and hydroxidated iron. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1851
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