hypochondriumn.

Brit.

/ˌhʌɪpə(ʊ)ˈkɒndrɪəm/, U.S.

/ˌhaɪpəˈkɑndriəm/,

/ˌhaɪpoʊˈkɑndriəm/

Inflections: Plural hypochondria.

Forms:

α. late Middle English ipocundrio, late Middle English ypocandria (plural), late Middle English ypocundria (plural), 1500s–1600s hipocondria (plural), 1500s–1600s hypochondrion, 1500s–1600s hypocondrion, 1500s–1700s hypocondrium, 1600s– hypochondrium.

β. late Middle English ipocundrie, 1600s hypocondrie, 1600s hypocondry, 1600s– hypochondry.

γ. 1600s– hypochondria (singular (now nonstandard)).

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin hypochondrium, Greek ὑποχόνδριον.

Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin hypochondrium, hypocondrium (14th cent. in British sources, earlier (and more commonly) in plural, hypochondria , hypocondria (6th cent.; also feminine singular)), and its etymon (ii) ancient Greek ὑποχόνδριον part of the body below the costal cartilage (usually in plural, τὰ ὑποχόνδρια soft parts of the body below the costal cartilages (also translated by classical Latin praecordia praecordia n.)), use as noun (in e.g. τὸ δεξιὸν ὑποχόνδριον the right hypochondrium (Hippocrates)) of neuter singular of ὑποχόνδριος (adjective) under the cartilage of the breastbone < ὑπο- hypo- prefix + χόνδρος gristle, cartilage, especially that of the breastbone (the ensiform cartilage) (see chondro- comb. form). Compare hypochondre n. Compare also hypochondria n., in a different sense.Compare Middle French ypocundrie , ipocondrie (1365), Spanish hipocondrio , Italian ipocondrio (both 15th cent.). In form ipocundrio with Latin ablative singular inflectional ending. With β. forms compare -y suffix⁴. The γ. forms show reinterpretation of the plural forms in -ia (at α. forms, based on the Latin neuter plural) as reflecting a Latin feminine singular; compare -ia suffix¹.

1. Anatomy. In a human or other vertebrate: either of the two regions of the upper abdomen located beneath the ribs on either side of the epigastrium. Also called hypochondriac region. Cf. hypochondre n.The hypochondria are the sites of the liver and spleen, and were of particular interest to medical practitioners when these organs were believed to be the source of black bile (melancholia).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > internal organs > [noun] > in hypochondria

hypochondrium?a1425

the world > life > the body > internal organs > cavities occupied by internal organs > [noun] > abdomen > hypochondrium

hypochondrium?a1425

hypochondre?c1425

hypochondria1648

hypochondriac region1656

α.

?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 13 (MED) Þe decoccioun þere of helpiþ for þe jandis and þe reccys in mannys sids, þat is callid ypocandria.

?1562 W. Ward tr. R. Roussat Most Excellent Bk. Doctour & Astrologien Arcandam sig. N.vii For by the force of the braine is declared..the brodenesse of the shulders and of the breast, and the partes of the sydes called Hypocondria, whiche be ioynynges to the lyuer and lunges.

1592 N. Gyer Eng. Phlebotomy vi. 55 Wee apply cupping-glasses to the left Hypocondrium.

a1613 J. Fletcher Differences, Causes, & Iudgements Urine (1641) viii. 78 Contents in the swimme give signification of the affections and diseases in the middle parts of mans body, as about the short ribs, hypocondria, inward entrals, as the spleene, liver, heart, lungs, bowels, &c. viscera, brest, stomacke.

1659 J. Tanner Hidden Treasures Art Physick ii. liv. 259 The signs of the disease [sc. inflammation of the liver], are heavinesse in the right Hypocondrion,..a Feaver more or lesse violent, [etc.].

1735 J. Ferguson Let. 18 Feb. in Philos. Trans. 1737–8 (Royal Soc.) (1741) 40 426 A Skane or great Knife, which went through the muscular part of his Fore-Arm, and into the Left Hypochondrium.

1763 R. Brookes New Syst. Nat. Hist. I. 99 The right lobe [of the liver of an elephant], which was the biggest, was hid in the hypochondrium.

1843 J. J. G. Wilkinson tr. E. Swedenborg Animal Kingdom I. iv. 109 Placed, for the most part, in the left hypochondrium, immediately under the diaphragm.

1910 Lancet 10 Dec. 1691/2 He complained of severe continuous pain in the epigastrium, both hypochondria, and the right iliac region.

1949 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 2 Apr. 569 (table) Right and left hypochondria.

2017 C. F. Smith et al. Gray's Surface Anat. & Ultrasound iii. 37/2 The spleen is located in the left hypochondrium, inferior to the diaphragm on the posterior abdominal wall.

β. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 157^v (MED) Byhynde þe necke it [sc. cupping] noyeþ to þe mynde..And in þe riȝt Ipocundrie [?c1425 Paris ypocondre; L. hypocundrio] to þe lyuer.1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. iii. ii. i. 254 Blood & hypocondries both are often affected, euen in head melancholy.a1695 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. III (1696) 309 Envy swells the Hypocondries.1746 tr. P. Frings Treat. Phrensy 14 In the Inflammation of the transverse Fence, the Hypochondry is raised upwards.γ. 1653 N. Culpeper tr. J. Vesling Anat. Body Man facing Pl. 1 The right Hypochondria.1670 Acct. Causes Distempers 34 Some moreover, have their Bellies swell'd and stretched like a Drum, their Hypochondria's distended, and they fancy they feel somewhat within them rowl from place to place.1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. iv. 99 Thus raising the Vapours in their Hypocondrias, they were every Night dreaming that they heard it Thunder.1857 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 7 Mar. 193/1 J. M., the son of a carpenter, aged 7 years, was brought to me, with pain in the right hypochondria, attributed to a fall from a cart.1998 Amer. Jrnl. Gastroenterol. 93 1963/2 A 71-yr-old woman was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of a palpable hard mass, measuring 7 cm in diameter at the left hypochondria.

†2. Entomology. In plural. In certain beetles: two partial segments found on the sides of the abdomen between the first ventral segment and the postpectus. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1809 W. Spence Let. 20 Nov. in J. Freeman Life Rev. W. Kirby (1852) xv. 298 The hypochondria being..the sides of the epigastric region of the abdomen, but..forming no portion of the true pectus.

1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. 388 Hypochondria (the Hypochondria, two portions of segments, one on each side; which in some genera (Carabus Latin, etc.) intervene between the first intire ventral segment and the posterior part of the Postpectus.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	hypochondrium
释义	hypochondriumn. Brit. /ˌhʌɪpə(ʊ)ˈkɒndrɪəm/, U.S. /ˌhaɪpəˈkɑndriəm/, /ˌhaɪpoʊˈkɑndriəm/ Inflections: Plural hypochondria. Forms: α. late Middle English ipocundrio, late Middle English ypocandria (plural), late Middle English ypocundria (plural), 1500s–1600s hipocondria (plural), 1500s–1600s hypochondrion, 1500s–1600s hypocondrion, 1500s–1700s hypocondrium, 1600s– hypochondrium. β. late Middle English ipocundrie, 1600s hypocondrie, 1600s hypocondry, 1600s– hypochondry. γ. 1600s– hypochondria (singular (now nonstandard)). Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin hypochondrium, Greek ὑποχόνδριον. Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin hypochondrium, hypocondrium (14th cent. in British sources, earlier (and more commonly) in plural, hypochondria , hypocondria (6th cent.; also feminine singular)), and its etymon (ii) ancient Greek ὑποχόνδριον part of the body below the costal cartilage (usually in plural, τὰ ὑποχόνδρια soft parts of the body below the costal cartilages (also translated by classical Latin praecordia praecordia n.)), use as noun (in e.g. τὸ δεξιὸν ὑποχόνδριον the right hypochondrium (Hippocrates)) of neuter singular of ὑποχόνδριος (adjective) under the cartilage of the breastbone < ὑπο- hypo- prefix + χόνδρος gristle, cartilage, especially that of the breastbone (the ensiform cartilage) (see chondro- comb. form). Compare hypochondre n. Compare also hypochondria n., in a different sense.Compare Middle French ypocundrie , ipocondrie (1365), Spanish hipocondrio , Italian ipocondrio (both 15th cent.). In form ipocundrio with Latin ablative singular inflectional ending. With β. forms compare -y suffix⁴. The γ. forms show reinterpretation of the plural forms in -ia (at α. forms, based on the Latin neuter plural) as reflecting a Latin feminine singular; compare -ia suffix¹. 1. Anatomy. In a human or other vertebrate: either of the two regions of the upper abdomen located beneath the ribs on either side of the epigastrium. Also called hypochondriac region. Cf. hypochondre n.The hypochondria are the sites of the liver and spleen, and were of particular interest to medical practitioners when these organs were believed to be the source of black bile (melancholia). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > internal organs > [noun] > in hypochondria hypochondrium?a1425 the world > life > the body > internal organs > cavities occupied by internal organs > [noun] > abdomen > hypochondrium hypochondrium?a1425 hypochondre?c1425 hypochondria1648 hypochondriac region1656 α. ?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 13 (MED) Þe decoccioun þere of helpiþ for þe jandis and þe reccys in mannys sids, þat is callid ypocandria. ?1562 W. Ward tr. R. Roussat Most Excellent Bk. Doctour & Astrologien Arcandam sig. N.vii For by the force of the braine is declared..the brodenesse of the shulders and of the breast, and the partes of the sydes called Hypocondria, whiche be ioynynges to the lyuer and lunges. 1592 N. Gyer Eng. Phlebotomy vi. 55 Wee apply cupping-glasses to the left Hypocondrium. a1613 J. Fletcher Differences, Causes, & Iudgements Urine (1641) viii. 78 Contents in the swimme give signification of the affections and diseases in the middle parts of mans body, as about the short ribs, hypocondria, inward entrals, as the spleene, liver, heart, lungs, bowels, &c. viscera, brest, stomacke. 1659 J. Tanner Hidden Treasures Art Physick ii. liv. 259 The signs of the disease [sc. inflammation of the liver], are heavinesse in the right Hypocondrion,..a Feaver more or lesse violent, [etc.]. 1735 J. Ferguson Let. 18 Feb. in Philos. Trans. 1737–8 (Royal Soc.) (1741) 40 426 A Skane or great Knife, which went through the muscular part of his Fore-Arm, and into the Left Hypochondrium. 1763 R. Brookes New Syst. Nat. Hist. I. 99 The right lobe [of the liver of an elephant], which was the biggest, was hid in the hypochondrium. 1843 J. J. G. Wilkinson tr. E. Swedenborg Animal Kingdom I. iv. 109 Placed, for the most part, in the left hypochondrium, immediately under the diaphragm. 1910 Lancet 10 Dec. 1691/2 He complained of severe continuous pain in the epigastrium, both hypochondria, and the right iliac region. 1949 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 2 Apr. 569 (table) Right and left hypochondria. 2017 C. F. Smith et al. Gray's Surface Anat. & Ultrasound iii. 37/2 The spleen is located in the left hypochondrium, inferior to the diaphragm on the posterior abdominal wall. β. ?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 157^v (MED) Byhynde þe necke it [sc. cupping] noyeþ to þe mynde..And in þe riȝt Ipocundrie [?c1425 Paris ypocondre; L. hypocundrio] to þe lyuer.1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. iii. ii. i. 254 Blood & hypocondries both are often affected, euen in head melancholy.a1695 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. III (1696) 309 Envy swells the Hypocondries.1746 tr. P. Frings Treat. Phrensy 14 In the Inflammation of the transverse Fence, the Hypochondry is raised upwards.γ. 1653 N. Culpeper tr. J. Vesling Anat. Body Man facing Pl. 1 The right Hypochondria.1670 Acct. Causes Distempers 34 Some moreover, have their Bellies swell'd and stretched like a Drum, their Hypochondria's distended, and they fancy they feel somewhat within them rowl from place to place.1727 D. Defoe Syst. Magick i. iv. 99 Thus raising the Vapours in their Hypocondrias, they were every Night dreaming that they heard it Thunder.1857 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 7 Mar. 193/1 J. M., the son of a carpenter, aged 7 years, was brought to me, with pain in the right hypochondria, attributed to a fall from a cart.1998 Amer. Jrnl. Gastroenterol. 93 1963/2 A 71-yr-old woman was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of a palpable hard mass, measuring 7 cm in diameter at the left hypochondria. †2. Entomology. In plural. In certain beetles: two partial segments found on the sides of the abdomen between the first ventral segment and the postpectus. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1809 W. Spence Let. 20 Nov. in J. Freeman Life Rev. W. Kirby (1852) xv. 298 The hypochondria being..the sides of the epigastric region of the abdomen, but..forming no portion of the true pectus. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. 388 Hypochondria (the Hypochondria, two portions of segments, one on each side; which in some genera (Carabus Latin, etc.) intervene between the first intire ventral segment and the posterior part of the Postpectus. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.?a1425
随便看	the devil you will! the devil's dam the devil's date the devil's job the devil's kingdom the devil's or the fiend's limb the devil's own job the devil's triangle the devilward the devout sex the dickens and tom walker the dickens he etc the dickens he has the dickens he is the dickens of a the dickens take etc the dickens take her the dickens take him the dickens take it the dickens take you the dickens! the die is cast the dimes the dirty end the dirty end of the stick