householdern.

Brit.

/ˈhaʊs(h)əʊldə/, U.S.

/ˈhaʊsˌ(h)oʊldər/

Forms: see household n. and adj. and -er suffix¹.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: house n.¹, holder n.¹

Etymology: < house n.¹ + holder n.¹ (compare holder n.¹ 2), after household n. In early use frequently translating classical Latin paterfamiliās paterfamilias n. Compare Dutch huishouder (1588 in Kiliaan as †huyshouder ), Middle Low German (in late sources) hūshōlder , German (now rare) Haushälter (15th cent.; also †Haushalter ; the feminine form Haushälterin ‘female housekeeper’ (16th cent.) is much more common), and also (probably < Middle Low German or German) Danish husholder (1550 as †hussholdere ), Swedish hushållare (1544 as †husshåldare ). Compare also ancient Greek οἰκονόμος house steward (see oeconomus n.).

a. A person who runs or manages a house or household; the head of a household or family.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > family > [noun] > family or household > head of household

patriarchc1200

householdera1382

paterfamiliasc1475

houseman1537

housefather1562

familist1612

genarchaship1650

family head1738

Roman father1739

père de famille1820

patron1863

mamak1884

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) Ruth ii. 2 I schal go in to þe feeld..wher euere I schal fynde grace of a housholdere [L. patrisfamilias] merciable in me.

c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 341 An housholdere and that a greet was hee Seint Iulyan he was in his contree.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 251/1 Howsholdare [a1500 King's Cambr. howsalder], Pater familias, yconomus.

1553 T. Wilson Arte Rhetorique (1580) 194 If an housholder will deale justly with his servauntes.

1588 J. Udall Demonstr. Trueth of Discipline xiv. 77 Euery kingdome or houshold, must be gouerned onely by the lawes of the king, or orders of the housholder.

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. xlix. 533 Good householders doe not loose the drosse of their pressinges, but..cast them into vessels, and with..water, make cyder for the household.

1645 E. Pagitt Heresiogr. (ed. 2) 45 Is [sic] was the Apostles practice..to baptize both the house-holders themselves that believed, and their housholds also.

1726 N. Tindal tr. P. Rapin de Thoyras Hist. Eng. (new ed.) I. iv. 345 If he had been there three days, the Master of the Family was condemn'd to pay his Fine. But in case he had not staid so long as three Days, the Householder was acquitted.

?1780 W. Hurd New Universal Hist. Relig. Rites 508/1 Every householder dwelling within half a mile of the church, is to come, or send one at least of his houshold.

1870 P. Schaff Comm. Prov. xxi. 25–6 Wishers and woulders are neither good householders nor long livers.

1926 Economica 18 270 The subdivision of families which is taken here is one determined by the age of the male head of the family: its main object..is to bring out more clearly the relation of such welfare to the age of the householder.

2005 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 26 Aug. e3 He discovers her working as a servant and raising his toddler half-brother, whom Binh believes is the son of the lecherous householder.

b. In extended use. God, conceived of as the head of a spiritual household.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > [noun] > as provident

householder?1387

providence1602

heaven1607

?1387 T. Wimbledon Serm. (Corpus Cambr.) (1967) 61 To spiritual vndirstondyng þis housholdere is oure lord Iesu Crist, þat ‘is heed of þe houshold of holi chirche’.

1557 R. Edgeworth Serm. very Fruitfull xvii. f. cclxv^v The great housholder almighti god hath a great & a chargeable familie.

1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (lxviii. 10) A most loving and carefull housholder, bicause he alwayes sent them rayne to prepare them foode.

1659 P. Heylyn Parable Tares 149 They..disturb the order of Gods House, and subvert the Discipline thereof, and so become unworthy to be counted servants to so wise an Housholder.

a1729 S. Clarke Serm. (1730) VI. xvii. 402 We are Stewards instrusted with our portion of good things, under the Supreme Householder the Governour of the Universe.

1872 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David III. Ps. lxv. 9 Blessed be the great Householder; he does not suffer the harvest to fail.

1900 G. E. Moule in Faith & Duty (1902) xi. 116 The one certain thing is the absolute uncertainty of the hour when the great householder will call upon each of us to give an account of his stewardship.

2005 D. V. Urban in K. A. Pruitt & C. W. Durham Milton's Legacy 216 Such readers..would themselves be..imitators, like Milton, of the supreme Householder, Christ himself.

2. A person who owns or rents a house, flat, etc., as his or her own place of residence; spec. (British) a person qualified to vote in parliamentary elections by virtue of such ownership or tenancy, as legally defined (now historical). Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > possessor > [noun] > householder

housefastc1275

housekeepera1425

householder1434

potwaller1701

pot-wobblera1712

potwalloper1744

compound householder1851

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant by type of accommodation > [noun] > inhabitant of house > householder

housekeepera1425

householder1434

1434 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 101 Selle hite..& yeue to pore housholders in coles.

1516 R. Fabyan New Chron. Eng. (1811) vii. 630 This was done by thassent of the masters and housholders of the mercerye.

1547 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. iii. 161 Thaldermen..shall cause euerye howseholder of their seuerall wardes..to [etc.].

1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) iv. 40 As for the Irishmen they are soe powdred among the Inhabitaunts..that in euerye village you shall find the thirde, fourth, or fift housholder an Irishman.

1679 Established Test 23 His Majesty..has commanded all Papists who are not Householders, Travellers, &c. to depart from this..City.

1724 Act 11 Geo. I c. 18 §7 The right of election of aldermen and common council-men..shall belong and appertain to..housholders, paying scot as herein after is mentioned.

1753 D. Hume Let. 5 Jan. (1932) I. 170 I have now at last..arrived at the dignity of being a householder. About seven months ago, I got a house of my own.

1831 T. B. Macaulay in Life & Lett. (1880) I. 253 With your head full of ten-pound householders.

1884 S. J. M. Low & F. S. Pulling Dict. Eng. Hist. 424/1 By the Reform Bill of 1867..the franchise..was extended to all resident householders or rated occupants of dwelling houses, after payment of one year's rates.

1946 D. C. Peattie Road of Naturalist (U.K. ed.) ii. 26 When the ground gives way beneath your foot, some little householder may find his roof caved in, a kangaroo rat, grasshopper mouse.

1979 Jrnl. Brit. Stud. 19 78 Aldborough..was a ‘scot and lot’ borough (in which only inhabitant householders paying local poor rates were allowed to vote).

2008 Independent 16 Apr. 4/3 DIY chains are suffering because householders considering big projects are no longer holding the ‘security blanket’ of rising property values.

Derivatives

ˈhouseˌholdership n. the position or status of a householder.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > possessor > [noun] > householder > position of

pot-walling1455

pot-wobbling1796

householdership1817

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > [noun] > working class > position of holding one's own dwelling

householdership1817

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant by type of accommodation > [noun] > inhabitant of house > householder > status of

householdership1817

1817 J. Bentham Plan Parl. Reform Introd. 106 (note) Evidence of Householdership.

1872 Daily News 30 Sept. His householdership..is rather in a peculiar position; for the house..which he inhabits he pays no rent, but he is allowed the use of it..in addition to his money wage.

1991 K. Hansen Grounds for Play (1992) v. 127 He chose vows of celibacy over the responsibilities of householdership, largely abandoning his wife and children.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	householder
释义	householdern. Brit. /ˈhaʊs(h)əʊldə/, U.S. /ˈhaʊsˌ(h)oʊldər/ Forms: see household n. and adj. and -er suffix¹. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: house n.¹, holder n.¹ Etymology: < house n.¹ + holder n.¹ (compare holder n.¹ 2), after household n. In early use frequently translating classical Latin paterfamiliās paterfamilias n. Compare Dutch huishouder (1588 in Kiliaan as †huyshouder ), Middle Low German (in late sources) hūshōlder , German (now rare) Haushälter (15th cent.; also †Haushalter ; the feminine form Haushälterin ‘female housekeeper’ (16th cent.) is much more common), and also (probably < Middle Low German or German) Danish husholder (1550 as †hussholdere ), Swedish hushållare (1544 as †husshåldare ). Compare also ancient Greek οἰκονόμος house steward (see oeconomus n.). 1. a. A person who runs or manages a house or household; the head of a household or family. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > family > [noun] > family or household > head of household patriarchc1200 householdera1382 paterfamiliasc1475 houseman1537 housefather1562 familist1612 genarchaship1650 family head1738 Roman father1739 père de famille1820 patron1863 mamak1884 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1963) Ruth ii. 2 I schal go in to þe feeld..wher euere I schal fynde grace of a housholdere [L. patrisfamilias] merciable in me. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 341 An housholdere and that a greet was hee Seint Iulyan he was in his contree. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 251/1 Howsholdare [a1500 King's Cambr. howsalder], Pater familias, yconomus. 1553 T. Wilson Arte Rhetorique (1580) 194 If an housholder will deale justly with his servauntes. 1588 J. Udall Demonstr. Trueth of Discipline xiv. 77 Euery kingdome or houshold, must be gouerned onely by the lawes of the king, or orders of the housholder. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique iii. xlix. 533 Good householders doe not loose the drosse of their pressinges, but..cast them into vessels, and with..water, make cyder for the household. 1645 E. Pagitt Heresiogr. (ed. 2) 45 Is [sic] was the Apostles practice..to baptize both the house-holders themselves that believed, and their housholds also. 1726 N. Tindal tr. P. Rapin de Thoyras Hist. Eng. (new ed.) I. iv. 345 If he had been there three days, the Master of the Family was condemn'd to pay his Fine. But in case he had not staid so long as three Days, the Householder was acquitted. ?1780 W. Hurd New Universal Hist. Relig. Rites 508/1 Every householder dwelling within half a mile of the church, is to come, or send one at least of his houshold. 1870 P. Schaff Comm. Prov. xxi. 25–6 Wishers and woulders are neither good householders nor long livers. 1926 Economica 18 270 The subdivision of families which is taken here is one determined by the age of the male head of the family: its main object..is to bring out more clearly the relation of such welfare to the age of the householder. 2005 St. Louis (Missouri) Post-Dispatch (Nexis) 26 Aug. e3 He discovers her working as a servant and raising his toddler half-brother, whom Binh believes is the son of the lecherous householder. b. In extended use. God, conceived of as the head of a spiritual household. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > [noun] > as provident householder?1387 providence1602 heaven1607 ?1387 T. Wimbledon Serm. (Corpus Cambr.) (1967) 61 To spiritual vndirstondyng þis housholdere is oure lord Iesu Crist, þat ‘is heed of þe houshold of holi chirche’. 1557 R. Edgeworth Serm. very Fruitfull xvii. f. cclxv^v The great housholder almighti god hath a great & a chargeable familie. 1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (lxviii. 10) A most loving and carefull housholder, bicause he alwayes sent them rayne to prepare them foode. 1659 P. Heylyn Parable Tares 149 They..disturb the order of Gods House, and subvert the Discipline thereof, and so become unworthy to be counted servants to so wise an Housholder. a1729 S. Clarke Serm. (1730) VI. xvii. 402 We are Stewards instrusted with our portion of good things, under the Supreme Householder the Governour of the Universe. 1872 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David III. Ps. lxv. 9 Blessed be the great Householder; he does not suffer the harvest to fail. 1900 G. E. Moule in Faith & Duty (1902) xi. 116 The one certain thing is the absolute uncertainty of the hour when the great householder will call upon each of us to give an account of his stewardship. 2005 D. V. Urban in K. A. Pruitt & C. W. Durham Milton's Legacy 216 Such readers..would themselves be..imitators, like Milton, of the supreme Householder, Christ himself. 2. A person who owns or rents a house, flat, etc., as his or her own place of residence; spec. (British) a person qualified to vote in parliamentary elections by virtue of such ownership or tenancy, as legally defined (now historical). Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > possessor > [noun] > householder housefastc1275 housekeepera1425 householder1434 potwaller1701 pot-wobblera1712 potwalloper1744 compound householder1851 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant by type of accommodation > [noun] > inhabitant of house > householder housekeepera1425 householder1434 1434 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 101 Selle hite..& yeue to pore housholders in coles. 1516 R. Fabyan New Chron. Eng. (1811) vii. 630 This was done by thassent of the masters and housholders of the mercerye. 1547 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. iii. 161 Thaldermen..shall cause euerye howseholder of their seuerall wardes..to [etc.]. 1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) iv. 40 As for the Irishmen they are soe powdred among the Inhabitaunts..that in euerye village you shall find the thirde, fourth, or fift housholder an Irishman. 1679 Established Test 23 His Majesty..has commanded all Papists who are not Householders, Travellers, &c. to depart from this..City. 1724 Act 11 Geo. I c. 18 §7 The right of election of aldermen and common council-men..shall belong and appertain to..housholders, paying scot as herein after is mentioned. 1753 D. Hume Let. 5 Jan. (1932) I. 170 I have now at last..arrived at the dignity of being a householder. About seven months ago, I got a house of my own. 1831 T. B. Macaulay in Life & Lett. (1880) I. 253 With your head full of ten-pound householders. 1884 S. J. M. Low & F. S. Pulling Dict. Eng. Hist. 424/1 By the Reform Bill of 1867..the franchise..was extended to all resident householders or rated occupants of dwelling houses, after payment of one year's rates. 1946 D. C. Peattie Road of Naturalist (U.K. ed.) ii. 26 When the ground gives way beneath your foot, some little householder may find his roof caved in, a kangaroo rat, grasshopper mouse. 1979 Jrnl. Brit. Stud. 19 78 Aldborough..was a ‘scot and lot’ borough (in which only inhabitant householders paying local poor rates were allowed to vote). 2008 Independent 16 Apr. 4/3 DIY chains are suffering because householders considering big projects are no longer holding the ‘security blanket’ of rising property values. Derivatives ˈhouseˌholdership n. the position or status of a householder. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > possessor > [noun] > householder > position of pot-walling1455 pot-wobbling1796 householdership1817 society > society and the community > social class > the common people > specific classes of common people > [noun] > working class > position of holding one's own dwelling householdership1817 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant by type of accommodation > [noun] > inhabitant of house > householder > status of householdership1817 1817 J. Bentham Plan Parl. Reform Introd. 106 (note) Evidence of Householdership. 1872 Daily News 30 Sept. His householdership..is rather in a peculiar position; for the house..which he inhabits he pays no rent, but he is allowed the use of it..in addition to his money wage. 1991 K. Hansen Grounds for Play (1992) v. 127 He chose vows of celibacy over the responsibilities of householdership, largely abandoning his wife and children. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1382
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