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单词 humorous
释义

humorousadj.n.

Brit. /ˈhjuːm(ə)rəs/, U.S. /ˈhjumərəs/
Forms: late Middle English 1600s humerose, late Middle English–1700s humerous, 1600s humorose, 1500s– humorous, 1600s humurous, 1600s–1800s humourous.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: French humoureux ; Latin humorosus ; humour n., -ous suffix
Etymology: Originally < (i) Middle French humereux, humoureux moist, humid (c1450), (of a disease or its symptoms) caused by humours (although this meaning is apparently first attested slightly later than in English: second half of the 15th cent.; French †humoreux subsequently in late 19th cent. in sense ‘(of a person) fanciful, capricious’), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin humorosus, umorosus moist, wet (4th cent.), of or relating to bodily humours (1363 in Chauliac) < classical Latin hūmor , ūmor humour n. + -ōsus -ous suffix. In later use also partly (iii) < humour n. + -ous suffix. Compare Old Occitan humoros most, humid, Spanish humoroso (13th cent.), Portuguese humoroso (14th cent.), Italian umoroso (a1292 in sense ‘moist, humid’, a1595 in sense ‘(of a person) fanciful, capricious’). Compare humoral adj.On the spelling and pronunciation history see discussion at humour n.
A. adj.
1. In ancient and medieval physiology and medicine: = humoral adj. 1. Now historical and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > secretion > [adjective] > humours
humoral?a1425
humorous?a1425
humoured1566
humourable1661
humoric1831
the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased > disordered or out of sorts > of humours
humoral?a1425
humorous?a1425
cacochymic?1541
burnt1578
cacochymical1606
cacochyme1614
ill-tempereda1616
ebullient1620
sulphureous1625
cacochymious1676
dyscratic1684
dyscrasial1874
dyscrasic1874
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 113 (MED) About cauteriez, it is to vnderstond þat hem oweþ not to be done bot after al oþer curez, & most in þe putrefied & humerose lepre [?c1425 Paris in the roten lepre; L. in putrefacta & humorosa].
1544 T. Phaer tr. J. Goeurot Regiment of Lyfe (new ed.) v. f. xlii Sometymes hycket procedeth of repletion of matter humorous [Fr. matiere humorale], or of drinke and meate which engendre grosse ventositie, and not very easy to consume.
1578 W. Burghley Let. in Ld. Campbell Lives Chancellors (1856) II. xlv. 268 Only the withdrawing of some one tooth that is touched with some humorous cause.
1657 N. Culpeper & W. Rowland tr. J. Johnstone Idea Pract. Physick vii. 29/1 Another is called Syncopalis, by reason of the swoning fits; which is..Humorous, proceeding from plenty of Flegmatick and crude humors.
1697 R. Pierce Bath Mem. ii. ii. 268 In all the three Degrees of Difficulty in Breathing..some Humerous, some Nervous, some mix'd.
1733 G. Cheyne Eng. Malady i. vi. 60 Other chronical and humorous Distempers.
1787 C. Cullen tr. F. S. Clavigero Hist. Mexico II. 319 Pecari, a quadruped which has upon its back a humorous gland which stinks.
1831 J. Morison in Morisoniana 382 Small Pox Virus, inherent..in proportion to the state of your own humourous affections.
1872 Pop. Sci. Monthly Aug. 465 Thus, two movable covers lie over the eye, namely, the eyelids, whose inner surface is a compound humorous matter, a brackish, mucilaginous, fatty solution.
1983 J. W. Shirley Thomas Harriot xi. 442 Though he [sc. Harriot] had been branded by Mayerne as ‘exceedingly melancholy’, this imbalance of his humorous fluids..did not necessarily reflect itself in his personality.
2. Moist, humid, damp; cf. humour n. 2. Obsolete.In quot. 1597 punning on sense A. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being slightly wet > [adjective]
moista1382
moistfula1398
undriedc1440
wak1513
mocha1522
humorous1526
humidc1550
dabby1581
fat1598
unparched1599
moistish1610
dampisha1642
weakya1642
rafty1655
dampya1691
damp1706
mochy1794
danky1820
1526 Grete Herball cccxlix. sig. Tv/1 Politryke, some call adyanthos, & some calle it erththought. It groweth agaynst walles, and in humorous places.
1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet ii. i. 31 He hath hid himselfe amongst those trees, To be consorted with the humerous night. View more context for this quotation
?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xxi. 186 All founts, wells, all deeps humorous.
1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion xiii. 214 Euery lofty top, which late the humorous Night Bespangled had with pearle.
a1658 B. Rudyerd Prince d'amour (1660) 38 The Snow..dissolveth and discoagulateth it self into humorous liquidity.
3.
a. Of a person, action, etc.: subject to or influenced by mood or humour; capricious, whimsical; odd. Also (figurative) of a thing. Now archaic and rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [adjective] > capricious or whimsical
startfulmood?a1300
wildc1350
volage?a1366
gerfulc1374
geryc1386
wild-headeda1400
skittishc1412
gerish1430
shittle1440
shittle-witted1448
runningc1449
volageous1487
glaikit1488
fantasious1490
giggish1523
tickle or light of the sear?1530
fantastical1531
wayward1531
wantona1538
peevish1539
light-headed1549
humoral1573
unstaid1579
shittle-headed1580
toy-headed1581
fangled1587
humorous1589
choiceful1591
toyish1598
tricksy1598
skip-brain1603
capricious1605
humoursome1607
planetary1607
vertiginous1609
whimsieda1625
ingiddied1628
whimsy1637
toysome1638
cocklec1640
mercurial1647
garish1650
maggoty1650
kicksey-winseya1652
freakish1653
humourish1653
planetic1653
whimsical1653
shittle-braineda1655
freaking1663
maggoty-headed1667
maggot-pated1681
hoity-toity1690
maggotish1693
maggot-headeda1695
whimsy-headed1699
fantasque1701
crotchetly1702
quixotic1718
volatile1719
holloweda1734
conundrumical1743
flighty1768
fly-away1775
dizzy1780
whimmy1785
shy1787
whimming1787
quirky1789
notional1791
tricksome1815
vagarish1819
freakful1820
faddy1824
moodish1827
mawky1837
erratic1841
rockety1843
quirkish1848
maggoty-pated1850
crotchetya1854
freaksome1854
faddish1855
vagrom1882
fantasied1883
vagarisome1883
on-and-offish1888
tricksical1889
freaky1891
hobby-horsical1893
quirksome1896
temperamental1907
up and down1960
untogether1969
fanciful-
fantastic-
1589 R. Greene Menaphon sig. F2 Tamberlaine..chose stigmaticall trulls to please his humorous fancie.
1592 T. Kyd Spanish Trag. i. sig. C You know that women oft are humerous.
1618 G. Chapman tr. Hesiod Georgicks ii. 29 The humorous Gales.
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ii. 71 The fluctuary motions of the humerous multitude.
1653 J. Gauden Hieraspistes 151 Built upon the sands of humerous novelty, not on the rock of holy antiquity.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 54. ⁋1 Pall'd Appetite is humorous, and must be gratify'd with Sauces rather than Food.
1757 Mag. of Mag. Apr. 308/2 His tongue, iced over with the hand of death, dictated the most humorous of wills.
1823 M. W. Shelley Valperga III. iii. 42 I am self-willed, sullen, and humourous.
1921 C. Morley Plum Pudding 7 I was too green and soft and humorous (in the Shakespearean sense) to permit any rational continuous plan of study.
1969 Times 23 June 11/3 A remarkable man, humorous in the original sense of the word, lively, vigorous.
b. Moody, peevish, ill-humoured. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > [adjective]
moodyc1300
distemprec1374
melancholiana1393
solein1399
darkc1440
gloomingc1440
girning1447
melancholyc1450
tetrical1528
tetric1533
distemperate1548
morose1565
sullen1570
stunt1581
humorous1590
gloomya1593
muddy1592
clum1599
dortya1605
humoursome1607
distempereda1616
musty1620
grum1640
agelastic1666
fusty1668
purdy1668
ill-humoured1693
gurly1721
mumpish1721
sunking1724
tetricous1727
sumphish1728
stunkard1737
sulky1744
muggard1746
farouche1765
sombrea1767
glumpy1780
glumpish1800
tiffy1810
splenitive1815
stuffy1825
liverish1828
troglodytish1866
glummy1884
humpy1889
scowly1951
1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late ii. sig. B3 In this humorous melancholie hee arose vp and raunged about the Citie, despayring of his estate as a man pennylesse.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iii. i. 170 I that haue been loues whip? A verie Bedell to a humerous sigh. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iv. i. 18 In which by often rumination, wraps me in a most humorous sadnesse. View more context for this quotation
1640 F. Quarles Enchyridion iii. 10 Be not Angry with him..too often, lest he count thee humorous.
1670 R. Baxter Cure Church-div. 250 Those that are of uncharitable, humerous, peevish, contentious and fiery spirits.
1693 W. Penn Some Fruits of Solitude (ed. 2) §18. 9 He is humorous to his Wife, he beats his Children.
1722 J. Smith Magistrate & Christian 51 Not humorous or morose, fretful or peevish; but as free from such infirmities of mind, as he was from those of the body.
1842 M. R. Mitford Let 24 Mar. in A. G. K. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) II. ix. 243 Mr. Roebuck..is as cantankerous and humorous (in the old Shaksperian sense) as Cassius himself.
4. Full of, characterized by, or showing (a sense of) humour; amusing, comic, funny.In early use sometimes difficult to distinguish from sense A. 3a.Now the usual sense.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [adjective] > humorous or jesting
bourdfula1425
pleasant1530
facete1600
joculary1605
merrya1616
jocundary1618
lepidc1619
droll1623
humorousa1652
drollerical1656
humoursome1656
drollish1674
ludicrous1687
humorific1819
jestful1831
humoristica1834
a1652 R. Brome Court Begger ii. i. sig. O6v, in Five New Playes (1653) This humorous wity Lady is a wit-sponge, that suckes up wit from some, and holds as her own.
1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 312 Others say that this Passage alludes to the Story of the Satire Marsyas..which I think is more humorous.
1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. p. xiv Whatever Person would aspire to be completely witty, smart, humourous, and polite.
1781 S. Johnson Shenstone in Pref. Wks. Eng. Poets X. 12 His poems consist of elegies, odes, and ballads, humorous sallies, and moral pieces.
1814 R. Bland Proverbs I. Pref. 8 In his humorous and satyrical declamation.
1876 W. Besant & J. Rice Golden Butterfly I. Prol. ii. 22 The Western American is..always humorous.
1933 P. G. Wodehouse Heavy Weather xii. 228 So humorous did her aspect seem to him that he lay back in his chair, laughing immoderately.
1956 Eng. Hist. Rev. 71 113 Footnotes, often ironic and dryly humorous.
1999 Denver Post (Nexis) 24 May f2 The humorous anecdotes gave everyone a good chuckle.
2009 N.Y. Times Mag. 9 Aug. 12/1 Humorous cat photos in which superimposed captions sport playfully poor grammar and spelling.
B. n. With the.
1. With plural agreement. Humorous people as a class (originally in sense A. 3a of the adjective, later in sense A. 4). Now rare.
ΚΠ
1606 B. Rich Faultes 4 As for the humorous they haue beene alredie brought to the stage, where they haue plaide their partes, Euerie man in his humour.
1667 T. Sprat Hist. Royal-Soc. iii. 417 I believe that New Philosophy need not..fear the pale, or the melancholy, as much as the humorous, and the merry.
1691 J. Hartcliffe Treat. Virtues 221 Few men care to live alone, and those, that do it, are either Savage People, or they are discontented, and the humorous.
1710 R. Steele et al. Tatler No. 252, in Lucubrations Isaac Bickerstaff (1711) II. 1/1 An inexhaustible Source of Wit to entertain the Curious, the Grace, the Humorous, and the Frolick.
1851 W. W. Fosdick Malmiztic the Toltec xix. 175 The happy jests of the humorous were hushed.
1905 Catholic Univ. Bull. Oct. 410 The humorous were delighted by his seriousness, his conviction of the value of his work, and its absurdity.
2. With singular agreement. That which is amusing or comical; the realm or sphere of humorous things.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > [noun] > one who or that which is comical
comedy1535
toy1542
jest1602
joke1670
comic1674
high comedy1707
humorous1753
comicality1796
funny1852
funniosity1871
hot sketch1917
pisser1918
riot1919
panic1921
cocasserie1934
yell1938
mess1952
crack-up1961
1753 E. Haywoon HIst. Jemmy & Jenny Jessamy III. xxxvi. 282 The manner in which he express'd himself had so much of the humorous in it, mix'd with the pathetic, as made both the ladies laugh heartily.
1786 tr. Abbé Blanchet et al. Tales from French I. Pref. p. i The mixture of the humorous, the satiric, the serious, and the tragic, will prevent lassitude.
1821 T. De Quincey J. P. F. Richter in London Mag. Dec. 608/1 The pathetic and the humorous..melt indiscernibly into each other.
1861 T. Wright Ess. Archæol. II. xxiii. 230 A taste for the humorous is..independent of national difference.
1905 Westm. Gaz. 23 Sept. 6/2 There must be some universally valid conception of the humorous for even a denial of it to have any meaning.
1986 ARTnews Nov. 38/2 Surls falls somewhere between the humorous and the straight.
2003 A. B. Thompson Everyday Saints & Art of Narr. 192 Its combination of the popular, the humorous, and the didactic is consonant with the friars' desire to teach a large audience.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.?a1425
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