holtn.¹

Brit.

/həʊlt/, U.S.

/hoʊlt/

Forms: Also Middle English–1600s holte, Middle English halte, 1500s Scottish hout, 1500s–1600s hoult.

Etymology: Old English holt = Old Frisian, Old Saxon holt, Middle Dutch, Dutch hout wood (as material); Old High German, Middle High German, German holz wood, a wood, Old Norse holt wood, copse, now in Icelandic ‘a rough stony hill or ridge’ < Old Germanic *hulto- < pre-Germanic *kḷdó-: compare Old Church Slavonic klada beam, rafter, stump, timber, Greek κλάδος twig, Old Irish caill, coill (-ll < -ld) wood.

†1. Wood, timber. (Old English only, and doubtful.)

ΚΠ

OE Cynewulf Juliana 577 He læmen fæt biwyrcan het wundorcræfte, wiges womum, ond wudubeamum, holte bihlænan.

a. A wood; a copse. Now poetic and dialect. (Occurs in many place-names and derived surnames.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [noun]

woodc825

frith?826

holtOE

wildwooda1122

scogha1400

holt-woodc1400

forest1730

stand1833

OE Beowulf 2598 Hy on holt bugon.

c1000 Ælfric Gram. (Z.) ix. 59 Nemus, holt.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10042 Þenne he cumeð of holte.

c1345 Orpheo 207 Now wol y be, And wonne there in holtys hore.

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 302 (351) These holtes and these hayes That han in wynter ded ben and dreye.

a1450 Le Morte Arth. 3029 A chapelle he lette make By-twene two hye holtys hore.

1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid vii. Prol. 66 Woddis, forestis, wyth nakyt bewis blout, Stud strypyt of thair weyd in every hout.

1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne iii. vi. 40 As the winde in hoults and shadie greaues A murmur makes, among the boughes and leaues.

1664 J. Evelyn Sylva (1776) 222 In the fresher bottoms and sides of hills, hoults, and in hedge rows.

1695 S. Patrick Comm. Genesis 241 A Holt or Grove of Oakes.

1796 W. Scott tr. G. A. Bürger Chase xxii, in Chase & William & Helen 8 The tim'rous prey Scours moss and moor, and holt and hill.

1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 37 Narrow breadth to left and right Of wither'd holt or tilth or pasturage.

1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. Holt, a wood.

b. A plantation, esp. of osiers. local.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > willow and allies > [noun] > assemblage of

holt1611

salicetum1776

seal1794

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Islaye,..a hoult, or plot wherein Oziers, or twig-withies grow.

1795 Trans. Soc. Arts 13 142 What has been done towards making these plantations or holts?

1813 T. Martin Circle Mech. Arts, Basket-making 67 In the fens, many holts (as they are provincially called), or plantations of osiers are raised.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Holt, a small grove or plantation. We have gooseberry-holts, cherry-holts, nut-holts, osier-holts, &c.

3. A wooded hill.[This sense may have arisen from a misunderstanding of ‘holtis hie’ in Middle English poems; but cf. Icelandic holt rough hill.]

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill > [noun] > other

holt1567

beacon1597

ward-hill?a1680

nubble1776

sub-mountain1799

drumlinoid1895

1567 G. Turberville Epitaphes, Epigrams (T.) Yee that frequent the hilles, And highest holtes of all.

1757 J. Dyer Fleece ii. 65 Whose rustic muse O'er heath and craggy holt her wing display'd.

1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Holt, a peaked hill covered with wood.

1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold II. vii. ii. 164 Let his feet..climb the green holts of England.

†4. (See quot. 1611) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > land mass > island > [noun] > other

desert island1607

holt1611

sister isle1612

atoll1625

floating island1638

sister island1659

tropical island1769

artificial island1775

home island1806

wooden island1808

fire-isle1817

coral-island1831

thrum cap1832

branch-island1834

island-continent1872

off-island1880

hover1892

phosphate island1909

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Heulet, a Hoult, or little Isle cut out of the land of purpose to be ouerflowed euerie tyde by the sea; that of the froth thereof..salt may be made.

Compounds

holt side; † holt-felster n. Obsolete i.e. holt-feller, a woodcutter.† holt-wood n. Obsolete a wood.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [noun]

woodc825

frith?826

holtOE

wildwooda1122

scogha1400

holt-woodc1400

forest1730

stand1833

the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > lumbering > [noun] > lumberman

wood-hewerc1000

wooderc1050

hagger1294

wood-hagger1294

feller1422

woodman1426

faller1614

wood-maker1616

forest-feller1618

axeman1671

holt-felstera1678

stocker1686

bayman1715

logger1734

wood-cutter1758

lumberer1809

lumbermana1817

shantyman1824

chopper1827

splitter1841

bushman1846

mahogany cutter1850

piner1871

bush-faller1882

lumberjack1888

bushwhacker1898

home guard1903

Jack1910

gyppo1912

timber-getter1912

timberjack1916

timber beast1919

OE Phoenix 171 Ðær he heanne beam on holtwuda wunað ond weardað, wyrtum fæstre under heofunhrofe, þone hatað men Fenix on foldan, of þæs fugles noman.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 742 Hiȝe hilleȝ on vche a halue, & holt-wodez [MS reads holt-wodeȝ] vnder.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1350 The Troiens..Fleddon in fere..ouer hilles and hethes into holte woddes.

a1678 A. Marvell Appleton House 538 But most the hewel's wonders are, Who here has the holtfelster's care.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

holtn.²

Etymology: An unexplained phonetic variant of hold n.¹, which is still so pronounced in the midland (and some southern) counties and regionally in the United States.

1. Hold, grasp, grip; support, sustenance. dialect and U.S. colloquial. Cf. aholt adv.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > [noun] > possession and control > possession and power or clutches

gripOE

handgripOE

crook?c1225

fist1297

fangera1300

holtc1375

in one's clawsc1386

clutcha1529

handgripe1534

clamps1548

clums1567

clamsa1569

embracement1599

pounce1614

embracea1627

the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > [noun]

holtc1375

fastnessa1382

maintenance1384

supportc1391

suppowell1399

supportationc1405

subministrationa1425

conforturec1475

stay1532

back-stand1548

supportance1576

backing1598

voice1600

supportment1607

supporture1609

seconding1613

manutenency?1630

the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > [noun] > firmness of hold > grip or grasp

gripOE

handgripOE

holtc1375

cleeka1400

handfast1540

handy-gripe1542

handigrip1579

gripple1596

fang1597

grasp1609

clutch1785

death grip1792

c1375 in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems 241 Alas! helle me hath in holt in ruyde; Ȝe deuel in pine for worldes pride.

c1410 N. Love tr. Bonaventura Mirror Life Christ (Gibbs MS.) lix. lf. 114 Þe..strengeste holt and comforte þat þay myghten haue.

1619 R. Harris Drunkards Cup 19 Yet would he not leaue his holte.

1825 J. Neal Brother Jonathan II. 60 [He cried] ‘lay holt there; lay holt, every one o' you’, throwing the reins behind him, into the carriage.

1848 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms Holt, for hold. Ex. ‘Death has got holt of him.’

1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) (at cited word) When they'n wanst took holt.

1898 E. N. Westcott David Harum xxii. 199 Of course you've heard the things that some folk says of him, an' natchally they got some holt on your mind.

1899 N.E.D. at Holt Mod. midl. dial. Ketch 'olt on 'im!

1909 R. A. Wason Happy Hawkins iv. 52 He'd 'a' been killed that trip if you hadn't taken holt when you did.

1930 Amer. Speech 5 151 Catch holt of, grab. ‘Catch holt of my hand, quickly.’

1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet iv. i. 313 ‘Grab a holt,’ the Texan said. Eck grasped the wire also.

†2. A stronghold; = hold n.¹ 10. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [noun]

chestera855

boroughc893

fastnessOE

strength?c1225

warnestore1297

fortress13..

holdc1330

strongholdc1384

motec1390

fortalicec1425

garnisonc1430

garrisonc1430

town of war1441

wall-town1488

strengh1489

afforciament1509

piece1525

forcea1552

citadel1567

fort1569

place1575

holt1600

alcazar1623

fasthold1623

afforcement1642

castle-town1646

post1648

garrison-town1649

bridlea1661

palank1685

place of arms1704

ostrog1761

qila1761

presidio1763

gurry1786

thana1803

pa1823

castrum1836

lis1845

Gibraltar1856

training post1867

kasbah1902

jong1904

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxi. xxx. 791 Our ancestors inhabited those small holts [L. castellis].

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xl. xxii. 1075 They wasted and destroied their holts.

3. A place of refuge or abode; a lurking-place; an animal's lair or den, esp. that of an otter: = hold n.¹ 9.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Mustelidae (weasel, marten, otter, or badger) > [noun] > genus Lutra (otter) > den

lodge1567

holt1590

couch1834

the world > animals > by habitat > habitat > [noun] > dwelling place or shelter

houseOE

denOE

holdc1275

lying-placea1382

coucha1398

homea1398

logis1477

starting-hole1530

cabbage1567

lodge1567

lair1575

lay1590

squat1590

hover1602

denning1622

start-holea1641

bed1694

niche1725

shed1821

lying1834

basking-hole1856

lie1869

homesite1882

holt1890

lying-ground1895

1590 T. Cokayne Treat. Hunting D ij b An Otter..before he come to the holt where he lyeth.

1776 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (ed. 4, octavo) I. i. 94^* [The otter] forms before it reaches the top, several holts, or lodges.

1885 Duke of Beaufort & M. Morris Hunting (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) 314 An old otter going for a strong holt.

1890 O. Crawfurd Round Calendar in Portugal 24 The others..frighten the trout from their ‘holts’ behind stones.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	holt
释义	holtn.¹ Brit. /həʊlt/, U.S. /hoʊlt/ Forms: Also Middle English–1600s holte, Middle English halte, 1500s Scottish hout, 1500s–1600s hoult. Etymology: Old English holt = Old Frisian, Old Saxon holt, Middle Dutch, Dutch hout wood (as material); Old High German, Middle High German, German holz wood, a wood, Old Norse holt wood, copse, now in Icelandic ‘a rough stony hill or ridge’ < Old Germanic hulto- < pre-Germanic kḷdó-: compare Old Church Slavonic klada beam, rafter, stump, timber, Greek κλάδος twig, Old Irish caill, coill (-ll < -ld) wood. †1. Wood, timber. (Old English only, and doubtful.) ΚΠ OE Cynewulf Juliana 577 He læmen fæt biwyrcan het wundorcræfte, wiges womum, ond wudubeamum, holte bihlænan. 2. a. A wood; a copse. Now poetic and dialect. (Occurs in many place-names and derived surnames.) ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [noun] woodc825 frith?826 holtOE wildwooda1122 scogha1400 holt-woodc1400 forest1730 stand1833 OE Beowulf 2598 Hy on holt bugon. c1000 Ælfric Gram. (Z.) ix. 59 Nemus, holt. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 10042 Þenne he cumeð of holte. c1345 Orpheo 207 Now wol y be, And wonne there in holtys hore. c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 302 (351) These holtes and these hayes That han in wynter ded ben and dreye. a1450 Le Morte Arth. 3029 A chapelle he lette make By-twene two hye holtys hore. 1513 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid vii. Prol. 66 Woddis, forestis, wyth nakyt bewis blout, Stud strypyt of thair weyd in every hout. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne iii. vi. 40 As the winde in hoults and shadie greaues A murmur makes, among the boughes and leaues. 1664 J. Evelyn Sylva (1776) 222 In the fresher bottoms and sides of hills, hoults, and in hedge rows. 1695 S. Patrick Comm. Genesis 241 A Holt or Grove of Oakes. 1796 W. Scott tr. G. A. Bürger Chase xxii, in Chase & William & Helen 8 The tim'rous prey Scours moss and moor, and holt and hill. 1864 Ld. Tennyson Enoch Arden in Enoch Arden, etc. 37 Narrow breadth to left and right Of wither'd holt or tilth or pasturage. 1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. Holt, a wood. b. A plantation, esp. of osiers. local. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > willow and allies > [noun] > assemblage of holt1611 salicetum1776 seal1794 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Islaye,..a hoult, or plot wherein Oziers, or twig-withies grow. 1795 Trans. Soc. Arts 13 142 What has been done towards making these plantations or holts? 1813 T. Martin Circle Mech. Arts, Basket-making 67 In the fens, many holts (as they are provincially called), or plantations of osiers are raised. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Holt, a small grove or plantation. We have gooseberry-holts, cherry-holts, nut-holts, osier-holts, &c. 3. A wooded hill.[This sense may have arisen from a misunderstanding of ‘holtis hie’ in Middle English poems; but cf. Icelandic holt rough hill.] ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill > [noun] > other holt1567 beacon1597 ward-hill?a1680 nubble1776 sub-mountain1799 drumlinoid1895 1567 G. Turberville Epitaphes, Epigrams (T.) Yee that frequent the hilles, And highest holtes of all. 1757 J. Dyer Fleece ii. 65 Whose rustic muse O'er heath and craggy holt her wing display'd. 1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Holt, a peaked hill covered with wood. 1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold II. vii. ii. 164 Let his feet..climb the green holts of England. †4. (See quot. 1611) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > island > [noun] > other desert island1607 holt1611 sister isle1612 atoll1625 floating island1638 sister island1659 tropical island1769 artificial island1775 home island1806 wooden island1808 fire-isle1817 coral-island1831 thrum cap1832 branch-island1834 island-continent1872 off-island1880 hover1892 phosphate island1909 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Heulet, a Hoult, or little Isle cut out of the land of purpose to be ouerflowed euerie tyde by the sea; that of the froth thereof..salt may be made. Compounds holt side; † holt-felster n. Obsolete i.e. holt-feller, a woodcutter.† holt-wood n. Obsolete a wood. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [noun] woodc825 frith?826 holtOE wildwooda1122 scogha1400 holt-woodc1400 forest1730 stand1833 the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > lumbering > [noun] > lumberman wood-hewerc1000 wooderc1050 hagger1294 wood-hagger1294 feller1422 woodman1426 faller1614 wood-maker1616 forest-feller1618 axeman1671 holt-felstera1678 stocker1686 bayman1715 logger1734 wood-cutter1758 lumberer1809 lumbermana1817 shantyman1824 chopper1827 splitter1841 bushman1846 mahogany cutter1850 piner1871 bush-faller1882 lumberjack1888 bushwhacker1898 home guard1903 Jack1910 gyppo1912 timber-getter1912 timberjack1916 timber beast1919 OE Phoenix 171 Ðær he heanne beam on holtwuda wunað ond weardað, wyrtum fæstre under heofunhrofe, þone hatað men Fenix on foldan, of þæs fugles noman. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 742 Hiȝe hilleȝ on vche a halue, & holt-wodez [MS reads holt-wodeȝ] vnder. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1350 The Troiens..Fleddon in fere..ouer hilles and hethes into holte woddes. a1678 A. Marvell Appleton House 538 But most the hewel's wonders are, Who here has the holtfelster's care. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). holtn.² Etymology: An unexplained phonetic variant of hold n.¹, which is still so pronounced in the midland (and some southern) counties and regionally in the United States. 1. Hold, grasp, grip; support, sustenance. dialect and U.S. colloquial. Cf. aholt adv. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > [noun] > possession and control > possession and power or clutches gripOE handgripOE crook?c1225 fist1297 fangera1300 holtc1375 in one's clawsc1386 clutcha1529 handgripe1534 clamps1548 clums1567 clamsa1569 embracement1599 pounce1614 embracea1627 the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > [noun] holtc1375 fastnessa1382 maintenance1384 supportc1391 suppowell1399 supportationc1405 subministrationa1425 conforturec1475 stay1532 back-stand1548 supportance1576 backing1598 voice1600 supportment1607 supporture1609 seconding1613 manutenency?1630 the world > movement > absence of movement > hold or holding > [noun] > firmness of hold > grip or grasp gripOE handgripOE holtc1375 cleeka1400 handfast1540 handy-gripe1542 handigrip1579 gripple1596 fang1597 grasp1609 clutch1785 death grip1792 c1375 in Pol. Rel. & L. Poems 241 Alas! helle me hath in holt in ruyde; Ȝe deuel in pine for worldes pride. c1410 N. Love tr. Bonaventura Mirror Life Christ (Gibbs MS.) lix. lf. 114 Þe..strengeste holt and comforte þat þay myghten haue. 1619 R. Harris Drunkards Cup 19 Yet would he not leaue his holte. 1825 J. Neal Brother Jonathan II. 60 [He cried] ‘lay holt there; lay holt, every one o' you’, throwing the reins behind him, into the carriage. 1848 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms Holt, for hold. Ex. ‘Death has got holt of him.’ 1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) (at cited word) When they'n wanst took holt. 1898 E. N. Westcott David Harum xxii. 199 Of course you've heard the things that some folk says of him, an' natchally they got some holt on your mind. 1899 N.E.D. at Holt Mod. midl. dial. Ketch 'olt on 'im! 1909 R. A. Wason Happy Hawkins iv. 52 He'd 'a' been killed that trip if you hadn't taken holt when you did. 1930 Amer. Speech 5 151 Catch holt of, grab. ‘Catch holt of my hand, quickly.’ 1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet iv. i. 313 ‘Grab a holt,’ the Texan said. Eck grasped the wire also. †2. A stronghold; = hold n.¹ 10. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > fort or fortified town > [noun] chestera855 boroughc893 fastnessOE strength?c1225 warnestore1297 fortress13.. holdc1330 strongholdc1384 motec1390 fortalicec1425 garnisonc1430 garrisonc1430 town of war1441 wall-town1488 strengh1489 afforciament1509 piece1525 forcea1552 citadel1567 fort1569 place1575 holt1600 alcazar1623 fasthold1623 afforcement1642 castle-town1646 post1648 garrison-town1649 bridlea1661 palank1685 place of arms1704 ostrog1761 qila1761 presidio1763 gurry1786 thana1803 pa1823 castrum1836 lis1845 Gibraltar1856 training post1867 kasbah1902 jong1904 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxi. xxx. 791 Our ancestors inhabited those small holts [L. castellis]. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xl. xxii. 1075 They wasted and destroied their holts. 3. A place of refuge or abode; a lurking-place; an animal's lair or den, esp. that of an otter: = hold n.¹ 9. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Mustelidae (weasel, marten, otter, or badger) > [noun] > genus Lutra (otter) > den lodge1567 holt1590 couch1834 the world > animals > by habitat > habitat > [noun] > dwelling place or shelter houseOE denOE holdc1275 lying-placea1382 coucha1398 homea1398 logis1477 starting-hole1530 cabbage1567 lodge1567 lair1575 lay1590 squat1590 hover1602 denning1622 start-holea1641 bed1694 niche1725 shed1821 lying1834 basking-hole1856 lie1869 homesite1882 holt1890 lying-ground1895 1590 T. Cokayne Treat. Hunting D ij b An Otter..before he come to the holt where he lyeth. 1776 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (ed. 4, octavo) I. i. 94^* [The otter] forms before it reaches the top, several holts, or lodges. 1885 Duke of Beaufort & M. Morris Hunting (Badminton Libr. of Sports & Pastimes) 314 An old otter going for a strong holt. 1890 O. Crawfurd Round Calendar in Portugal 24 The others..frighten the trout from their ‘holts’ behind stones. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹OEn.²c1375
随便看	at unison at unisons at unity at unset steven at unwares at usance at use at utmost strain at utterance at utterest at uttermost at variance at vendue at victuals at vie at volley at voluntary at wage at wait at wale at walk at war at wars at washing at water sides

holtn.1

Compounds

holtn.2

holtn.¹

holtn.²