homologyn.

/həʊˈmɒlədʒi/

Etymology: < late Latin homologia, < Greek ὁμολογία agreement, assent, < ὁμόλογος homologous adj. Compare French homologie.

Homologous quality or condition; sameness of relation; correspondence.

1. In general sense. (Before 19th cent. only in dictionaries.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > [noun]

accordmentc1330

accorda1398

consonancya1398

unitya1398

accordancea1400

commoningc1400

convenience1413

correspondence1413

answeringc1425

conformityc1430

consonance1430

congruity1447

concordancec1450

consonantc1475

agreement1495

monochordc1500

conveniencya1513

agreeance1525

agreeableness1531

concinnity1531

congruence1533

harmony?1533

concent1563

tunableness1569

agreeing1575

answerableness1577

concert1578

consent1578

sympathy1578

concord1579

symphonia1579

correspondency1589

atone1595

coherence1597

respondence1598

symphony1598

sortance1600

coherency1603

respondency1603

symbolizing1605

coaptation1614

compositiona1616

sympathizing1632

comportance1648

compliance1649

syntax1649

concinneness1655

symmetry1655

homology1656

consistency1659

consentaneousness1660

consistence1670

comportment1675

harmoniousness1679

symbolism1722

congruousness1727

accordancy1790

sameness1790

consentaneity1798

consilience1840

chime1847

consensus1854

solidarity1874

synchromesh1966

concordancing1976

the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > correspondence, analogy, or parallelism

analogy1550

correspondency1598

parallel1599

correspondence1605

symbolization1607

corresponcy1621

homology1656

parallelism1656

analogicalness1731

analogousness1859

collaterality1872

parallelity1897

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Homology, an agreement.

1721 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. Homology, proportion, Agreeableness.

1871 C. Darwin Descent of Man I. ii. 59 We find in distinct languages striking homologies due to community of descent.

1875 O. W. Holmes Crime in Pages from Old Vol. (1891) 325 The plain law of homology, which declares that like must be compared with like.

a. Biology. Correspondence in type of structure (of parts or organs); see homologous adj. 2 (Distinguished from analogy n. 8.) Also, that branch of Biology or Comparative Anatomy which deals with such correspondences. general homology, the relation of an organ or organism to the general type. lateral homology, the relation of corresponding parts on the two sides of the body. serial homology, the relation of corresponding parts forming a series in the same organism (e.g. legs, vertebræ, leaves). special homology, the correspondence of a part or organ in one organism with the homologous part in another (e.g. of a horse's ‘knee’ with the human wrist).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [noun] > correspondence in structure

homology1835

homogen1870

homogeny1870

homoplasy1870

homoplasmy1874

homotypy1874

parhomology1888

1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 525/2 The cephalic processes..have no real homology with the locomotive extremities of the Vertebrata.

1846 R. Owen in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 175 The correspondency of a part or organ..with a part or organ in a different animal..(i.e.) special homology.

1846 R. Owen in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 175 A higher relation of homology is that in which a part..stands to the fundamental or general type..(i.e.) general homology.

1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. ii. 499 The homologies of the skeleton imply a wide range of similarities.

1859 C. Darwin in Life & Lett. (1887) II. 240 Homology and Embryology.

1871 H. Macmillan True Vine 99 From the leaf..all the floral organs are developed, and to it..all parts are reducible by homology.

1872 H. A. Nicholson Introd. Study Biol. 42 Lateral homology consists in the structural identity of the parts on the two sides of the body.

1878 F. J. Bell & E. R. Lankester tr. C. Gegenbaur Elements Compar. Anat. 63 We distinguish, accordingly, physiological likeness, or Analogy, from morphological likeness, or Homology.

b. Pathology. Of a morbid growth: see homologous adj. 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [noun] > abnormal or morbid tissue > homology

homology1871

1871 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (1873) 106 A knowledge of the homology or heterology of a growth.

1876 T. Bryant Pract. Surg. (ed. 2) I. iii. 95 Tissues normal in themselves appear under the form of a tumour, sometimes in regions where this tissue normally exists, sometimes in places where it does not exist in the normal state of things. In the first case I speak of it as homology, in the second as heterology.

3. Chemistry. The relation of the compounds forming a homologous series: see homologous adj. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic compounds > [noun] > relation of compounds forming a homologous series

homology1876

1876 Johnson's New Universal Cycl. II. 979 Homology, a term expressing a principle in the chemistry of organic compounds..first introduced by the illustrious Gerhardt.

4. Geometry. The relation of two figures in the same plane, such that every point in each corresponds to a point in the other, and collinear points in one correspond to collinear points in the other; every straight line joining a pair of corresponding points passes through a fixed point called the centre of homology, and every pair of corresponding straight lines in the two figures intersect on a fixed straight line called the axis of homology.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > [noun] > geometrical relation

congruity1656

symmetry1823

homography1859

homology1863

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > relationship between figures

perspective1857

homology1863

confocal1903

1863 G. Salmon Conic Sections (ed. 4) iv. 59 Two triangles are said to be homologous, when the intersections of the corresponding sides lie on the same right line called the axis of homology: prove that the lines joining the corresponding vertices meet in a point.

1885 C. Leudesdorf tr. L. Cremona Elements Projective Geom. 11 Two corresponding straight lines therefore always intersect on a fixed straight line, which we may call s; thus the given figures are in homology, O being the centre, and s the axis, of homology.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	homology
释义	homologyn. /həʊˈmɒlədʒi/ Etymology: < late Latin homologia, < Greek ὁμολογία agreement, assent, < ὁμόλογος homologous adj. Compare French homologie. Homologous quality or condition; sameness of relation; correspondence. 1. In general sense. (Before 19th cent. only in dictionaries.) ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > [noun] accordmentc1330 accorda1398 consonancya1398 unitya1398 accordancea1400 commoningc1400 convenience1413 correspondence1413 answeringc1425 conformityc1430 consonance1430 congruity1447 concordancec1450 consonantc1475 agreement1495 monochordc1500 conveniencya1513 agreeance1525 agreeableness1531 concinnity1531 congruence1533 harmony?1533 concent1563 tunableness1569 agreeing1575 answerableness1577 concert1578 consent1578 sympathy1578 concord1579 symphonia1579 correspondency1589 atone1595 coherence1597 respondence1598 symphony1598 sortance1600 coherency1603 respondency1603 symbolizing1605 coaptation1614 compositiona1616 sympathizing1632 comportance1648 compliance1649 syntax1649 concinneness1655 symmetry1655 homology1656 consistency1659 consentaneousness1660 consistence1670 comportment1675 harmoniousness1679 symbolism1722 congruousness1727 accordancy1790 sameness1790 consentaneity1798 consilience1840 chime1847 consensus1854 solidarity1874 synchromesh1966 concordancing1976 the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [noun] > correspondence, analogy, or parallelism analogy1550 correspondency1598 parallel1599 correspondence1605 symbolization1607 corresponcy1621 homology1656 parallelism1656 analogicalness1731 analogousness1859 collaterality1872 parallelity1897 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Homology, an agreement. 1721 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. Homology, proportion, Agreeableness. 1871 C. Darwin Descent of Man I. ii. 59 We find in distinct languages striking homologies due to community of descent. 1875 O. W. Holmes Crime in Pages from Old Vol. (1891) 325 The plain law of homology, which declares that like must be compared with like. 2. a. Biology. Correspondence in type of structure (of parts or organs); see homologous adj. 2 (Distinguished from analogy n. 8.) Also, that branch of Biology or Comparative Anatomy which deals with such correspondences. general homology, the relation of an organ or organism to the general type. lateral homology, the relation of corresponding parts on the two sides of the body. serial homology, the relation of corresponding parts forming a series in the same organism (e.g. legs, vertebræ, leaves). special homology, the correspondence of a part or organ in one organism with the homologous part in another (e.g. of a horse's ‘knee’ with the human wrist). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > heredity or hereditary descent > [noun] > correspondence in structure homology1835 homogen1870 homogeny1870 homoplasy1870 homoplasmy1874 homotypy1874 parhomology1888 1835–6 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. I. 525/2 The cephalic processes..have no real homology with the locomotive extremities of the Vertebrata. 1846 R. Owen in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 175 The correspondency of a part or organ..with a part or organ in a different animal..(i.e.) special homology. 1846 R. Owen in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 175 A higher relation of homology is that in which a part..stands to the fundamental or general type..(i.e.) general homology. 1855 A. Bain Senses & Intellect ii. ii. 499 The homologies of the skeleton imply a wide range of similarities. 1859 C. Darwin in Life & Lett. (1887) II. 240 Homology and Embryology. 1871 H. Macmillan True Vine 99 From the leaf..all the floral organs are developed, and to it..all parts are reducible by homology. 1872 H. A. Nicholson Introd. Study Biol. 42 Lateral homology consists in the structural identity of the parts on the two sides of the body. 1878 F. J. Bell & E. R. Lankester tr. C. Gegenbaur Elements Compar. Anat. 63 We distinguish, accordingly, physiological likeness, or Analogy, from morphological likeness, or Homology. b. Pathology. Of a morbid growth: see homologous adj. 2b. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [noun] > abnormal or morbid tissue > homology homology1871 1871 T. H. Green Introd. Pathol. & Morbid Anat. (1873) 106 A knowledge of the homology or heterology of a growth. 1876 T. Bryant Pract. Surg. (ed. 2) I. iii. 95 Tissues normal in themselves appear under the form of a tumour, sometimes in regions where this tissue normally exists, sometimes in places where it does not exist in the normal state of things. In the first case I speak of it as homology, in the second as heterology. 3. Chemistry. The relation of the compounds forming a homologous series: see homologous adj. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic compounds > [noun] > relation of compounds forming a homologous series homology1876 1876 Johnson's New Universal Cycl. II. 979 Homology, a term expressing a principle in the chemistry of organic compounds..first introduced by the illustrious Gerhardt. 4. Geometry. The relation of two figures in the same plane, such that every point in each corresponds to a point in the other, and collinear points in one correspond to collinear points in the other; every straight line joining a pair of corresponding points passes through a fixed point called the centre of homology, and every pair of corresponding straight lines in the two figures intersect on a fixed straight line called the axis of homology. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > [noun] > geometrical relation congruity1656 symmetry1823 homography1859 homology1863 the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [noun] > relationship between figures perspective1857 homology1863 confocal1903 1863 G. Salmon Conic Sections (ed. 4) iv. 59 Two triangles are said to be homologous, when the intersections of the corresponding sides lie on the same right line called the axis of homology: prove that the lines joining the corresponding vertices meet in a point. 1885 C. Leudesdorf tr. L. Cremona Elements Projective Geom. 11 Two corresponding straight lines therefore always intersect on a fixed straight line, which we may call s; thus the given figures are in homology, O being the centre, and s the axis, of homology. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1656
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