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单词 hominid
释义

hominidn.adj.

Brit. /ˈhɒmᵻnɪd/, U.S. /ˈhɑmənəd/, /ˈhɑməˌnɪd/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin Hominidae.
Etymology: < scientific Latin Hominidae, family name (J. E. Gray 1825, in Ann. Philos. 26 338) < classical Latin homin- , homō homo n.1 + -idae (see -id suffix3). Compare French hominide, adjective and noun (1834, earliest in plural; now usually hominidé, only as noun (1924)), German hominid, adjective (1871 or earlier), Hominid (1875 or earlier).
Zoology and Palaeontology.
A. n.
1. A primate of the zoological family Hominidae, comprising modern humans (Homo sapiens) together with extinct humans (genus Homo) and the Australopithecines. Cf. hominoid n.Now increasingly replaced in technical use by hominin n. (cf. quots. 2001, 2007 and sense A. 2).
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > group Catarrhinae (Old World monkey) > member of superfamily Hominoidea (apes and humans) > family Hominidae (humans and ancestors ) > member of
homo1792
bimane1835
Neanderthal1874
hominid1889
hominoid1927
hominine1957
Kenyanthropus2001
1889 Cent. Dict. Hominid, one of the Hominidæ; a man.
1910 Pop. Sci. Monthly Dec. 597 If Pithecanthropus be really a true hominid, then we already have evidence of his origin in the Asiatic region.
1925 Glasgow Herald 25 July 4 The human race, with all its tentative as well as more or less realised Hominids, arose from an ancestral stock common to it and the Anthropoids.
1948 Sci. Monthly Apr. 317/1 Basic morphological..characteristics were shared more or less equally by all the then-living hominids.
1972 J. T. Robinson Early Hominid Posture & Locomotion i. 6 At present it seems a reasonable course to place Gigantopithecus and Paranthropus together in a sort of parahominid group as distinct from the fully erect, bipedal, culture-bearing hominidsAustralopithecus’ plus Homo.
1995 J. Shreeve Neandertal Enigma (1996) i. 2 Hominids—members of the exclusively human family tree—have been on the earth for at least four million years.
2001 Nature 12 July 131/4 Classifying humans and chimps in a subfamily (Homininae) and demoting hominids (in the old sense) to the subcategory of tribe (the Hominini). This is why Leakey et al., using this new terminology, describe as ‘hominins’ what others continue to refer to as ‘hominids’.
2007 New Scientist 17 Feb. 52/3 I prefer to use ‘hominid’ as a colloquial, but use ‘hominin’ when I am being cladistically formal.
2. In recent technical use: a primate of the zoological family Hominidae in a broader sense in which it includes at least some of the great apes and their extinct relatives as well as humans.The scope of the taxon has been broadened as a result of cladistic analysis.
ΚΠ
2002 Jrnl. Anat. 201 459/1 In many of these temporal bone characteristics, Pongo is unique among extant hominids.
2005 Jrnl. Human Evol. 49 117/2 (caption) Hominids (great apes and humans) are excluded.
2009 J. G. Peoples & G. A. Bailey Humanity (ed. 8) i. 8/1 Today far more hominids are identified. The major issues are how they are related to African apes, to one another, and to modern Homo sapiens.
B. adj.
1. Of, relating to, or characteristic of hominids in the traditional sense (sense A. 1).
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > protohuman > [adjective]
Cro-Magnon1869
palaeanthropic1890
pithecanthropoid1890
pithecanthropic1897
theriozoic1898
Combe-Capelle1911
Piltdown1912
Predmost1912
Boskop1915
hominid1915
Neanderthalian1920
Tardenoisian1921
pithecanthropine1925
Sinanthropic1931
Solo1932
Florisbad1935
Steinheim1935
Sinanthropoid1937
Swanscombe1937
robust1971
1915 Geogr. Jrnl. 45 334 No find of skull, bones, or teeth has yet been made which indicates the existence of any being which could be brought within the Hominid family until the upper horizons of the Pliocene.
1939 C. S. Coon Races of Europe ii. 51 A mixture took place between early white dolichocephals and one or more non-sapiens hominid species, including Homo neanderthalensis.
1961 A. I. Hallowell in S. L. Washburn Social Life Early Man 237 The level of development represented by cultural adaptation can be focused more sharply..if we hypothecate a protocultural phase in hominid evolution.
1983 E. C. Minkoff Evolutionary Biol. xxvii. 517/2 In most cases, but not all, the pongid condition is primitive and the hominid condition advanced.
2006 A. Davies Goodbye Lemon iii. 246 After quadrupeding disgracefully around for a few moments..I manage a semi-upright hominid stance.
2. Of, relating to, or characteristic of hominids in the broader sense (sense A. 2).
ΚΠ
1996 Molecular Phylogenetics & Evol. 5 102/2 With increasing molecular data, Homo and Pan appear to be closer to each other than to any other living hominid taxon.
2005 C. Stringer & P. Andrews Compl. World Human Evol. ii. 80 The African record resumes after 7–8 million years ago with hominid fossils from Chad and Kenya that are controversially claimed to be hominin.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.1889
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