homewardadv.adj.

Brit.

/ˈhəʊmwəd/, U.S.

/ˈhoʊmwərd/

Forms:

α. see home n.¹ and adj. and -ward suffix.

β. Middle English hamard (in a late copy), Middle English hamarde (south-western), Middle English hammard (south-west midlands), Middle English hammarde (south-western).

γ. late Middle English hammartwarde (south-western), late Middle English homardwarde, late Middle English homerward (East Anglian).

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: home n.¹, -ward suffix.

Etymology: < home n.¹ + -ward suffix. With use as adverb compare Middle Dutch heimwaert , Middle Low German hēmwērt , hēmwārt , hēmwōrt , Old High German heimort (Middle High German heimwart , heimwert ; superseded in later German by heimwärts homewards adv.). Compare home adv., homewards adv.Middle English forms with a in the first syllable either show the regular reflex of Old English long ā in early and northern Middle English or are due to shortening of long ā before the consonant cluster mw within the compound (i.e. across the morpheme boundary). The β. forms show assimilation of /w/ to the preceding labial /m/; compare the Middle English variant frommard at fromward adj., adv., and prep. and also the β. forms at upward adv., prep., adj., and n. The γ. forms arose from β. forms (which had apparently become morphologically opaque) by secondary suffixation with -ward suffix.

A. adv.

Towards home; in the direction of one's residence, neighbourhood, or native land.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > [adverb] > home > homewards

homewardeOE

homewardseOE

homeOE

homewardly1797

home-along1872

eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 855 Ęþelwulf..þa him hamweard for.

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1048 Eustatius..gewende þa hamweard.

c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 23 Far ðe nu hamweard, and ȝetimiȝe þe swa swa ðu ilyfdest.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8455 Ælc uærde heomward [c1300 Otho ham-ward].

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2376 He..bad hem rapen hem homward swiðe.

c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 2162 Homward saylyth he.

a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 68^v (MED) For scarste of vitailles or for desire homward..he is y-dryue by dispeir..to breke vp and goon away.

a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) l. 1064 Þat þou myȝtes hamward wende.

a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) l. 3050 (MED) Þuse clerkus..boskede hem hamarde to go.

1507 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1903) I. 249 They..returnyd womward.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Fv To drawe homewarde, towarde deth.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 43 Thence dyd I trudge hoamward.

1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 24 in Justa Edouardo King Look homeward Angel now, and melt with ruth.

1699 S. Sewall Diary 23 Jan. (1973) I. 407 Eat sage Cheese, drunk Beer and Cider and came homeward.

1751 T. Gray Elegy i. 5 The plow-man homeward plods his weary way.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 522 The mariner Bound homeward, and in hope already there.

1813 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) III. 428 The bowel-griping Cold..always sent me packing homeward.

1883 Harper's Mag. June 136/2 He strode homeward through the dull dusk of a November evening.

1932 J. T. Farrell in Story Mar. 46 A foursome passed homeward; two of the group were girls whom Jack and George agreed were swell lays.

1952 T. Armstrong Adam Brunskill ix. 291 With nothing to detain him further he started homeward.

2008 D. Mueenuddin in New Yorker 15 Sept. 79/1 The poor girl must be frightened, he thought, and turned homeward, stopping to buy a three-kilo box of sweets.

B. adj.

Directed towards home; going or heading home. Also: of or relating to a journey home.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > [adjective] > of or belonging to home > towards home

homeward1566

homewards1729

1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. Avij^v Which in their extreame dayes Will part from lyfe..To goe theyr homewarde wayes.

1696 N. Tate & N. Brady New Version Psalms of David cxix. 176 Till I despair to find my home-ward way.

1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc ix. 303 Fear not for Burgundy!.. Our earliest scouts Shall tell his homeward march.

1816 J. Wilson City of Plague i. i. 153 Upon our homeward voyage.

1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 937 Surinam, where she had taken in her homeward cargo.

1926 L. Hart Two to Eleven in D. Hart & R. Kimball Compl. Lyrics L. Hart (1986) 85/1 The milkman on his morning walk With whom all homeward chappies talk.

1954 Househ. Guide & Almanac (News of World) 49/1 Be very careful on the homeward journey.

1991 C. James Brrm! Brrm! (1992) xii. 120 He had almost nothing left to his name except the homeward half of his return air ticket.

Phrases

† to be homeward: to be going home, to be on the way back to where one came from. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) iii. xi. 82 Ptolomeus..diegellice æfter Seleucuse for, þa he hamweard wæs.

OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 318 Datianus wearð færlice ofslagen.., þa ða he hamwerd wæs.

a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 147 (MED) Godd..sade to is prophete ðe was ham-ward, ‘Wand aȝean.’

c1300 St. Brendan (Harl.) l. 70 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 222 (MED) We were hamward in þe see; we nuste whar he bi-com.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 1021 (MED) The fame..Makth knowe how that the Gregois were Homward..Fro Troie.

c1436 Duke Burgundy (Rome) l. 66 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 88 (MED) The flemmynges..encountred Morteigne as he was homward.

Compounds

With participles, as homeward-going, homeward-marching, etc. See also homeward-bound adj.

ΚΠ

1777 R. Potter tr. Æschylus Tragedies 508 Each towred city saw with pride Safe from the toils of war her homeward-marching train.

1787 C. E. Sanders Poems Var. Subj. 72 The homeward plodding husbandman.

1813 Ld. Byron Giaour 1 The homeward-veering skiff.

a1867 A. Smith Last Leaves (1868) 72 The rusty caw of the homeward-sliding rook.

1898 Westm. Gaz. 31 Jan. 2/1 The homeward-going teams.

1907 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 446 The triumphant bugles welcoming the long columns of homeward-marching troops.

1981 G. Priestland At Large (1983) 55 I've seen homeward-going schoolchildren fling down their books.

1998 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 265 1203/1 Pigeons that had been transported to the release site in irregularly oscillating magnetic fields or in total darkness were no longer homeward-oriented.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	homeward
释义	homewardadv.adj. Brit. /ˈhəʊmwəd/, U.S. /ˈhoʊmwərd/ Forms: α. see home n.¹ and adj. and -ward suffix. β. Middle English hamard (in a late copy), Middle English hamarde (south-western), Middle English hammard (south-west midlands), Middle English hammarde (south-western). γ. late Middle English hammartwarde (south-western), late Middle English homardwarde, late Middle English homerward (East Anglian). Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: home n.¹, -ward suffix. Etymology: < home n.¹ + -ward suffix. With use as adverb compare Middle Dutch heimwaert , Middle Low German hēmwērt , hēmwārt , hēmwōrt , Old High German heimort (Middle High German heimwart , heimwert ; superseded in later German by heimwärts homewards adv.). Compare home adv., homewards adv.Middle English forms with a in the first syllable either show the regular reflex of Old English long ā in early and northern Middle English or are due to shortening of long ā before the consonant cluster mw within the compound (i.e. across the morpheme boundary). The β. forms show assimilation of /w/ to the preceding labial /m/; compare the Middle English variant frommard at fromward adj., adv., and prep. and also the β. forms at upward adv., prep., adj., and n. The γ. forms arose from β. forms (which had apparently become morphologically opaque) by secondary suffixation with -ward suffix. A. adv. Towards home; in the direction of one's residence, neighbourhood, or native land. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > [adverb] > home > homewards homewardeOE homewardseOE homeOE homewardly1797 home-along1872 eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 855 Ęþelwulf..þa him hamweard for. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1048 Eustatius..gewende þa hamweard. c1175 ( Ælfric Homily (Bodl. 343) in S. Irvine Old Eng. Homilies (1993) 23 Far ðe nu hamweard, and ȝetimiȝe þe swa swa ðu ilyfdest. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8455 Ælc uærde heomward [c1300 Otho ham-ward]. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2376 He..bad hem rapen hem homward swiðe. c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 2162 Homward saylyth he. a1450 ( tr. Vegetius De Re Militari (Douce) f. 68^v (MED) For scarste of vitailles or for desire homward..he is y-dryue by dispeir..to breke vp and goon away. a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) l. 1064 Þat þou myȝtes hamward wende. a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) l. 3050 (MED) Þuse clerkus..boskede hem hamarde to go. 1507 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1903) I. 249 They..returnyd womward. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection i. sig. Fv To drawe homewarde, towarde deth. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 43 Thence dyd I trudge hoamward. 1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 24 in Justa Edouardo King Look homeward Angel now, and melt with ruth. 1699 S. Sewall Diary 23 Jan. (1973) I. 407 Eat sage Cheese, drunk Beer and Cider and came homeward. 1751 T. Gray Elegy i. 5 The plow-man homeward plods his weary way. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 522 The mariner Bound homeward, and in hope already there. 1813 S. T. Coleridge Coll. Lett. (1959) III. 428 The bowel-griping Cold..always sent me packing homeward. 1883 Harper's Mag. June 136/2 He strode homeward through the dull dusk of a November evening. 1932 J. T. Farrell in Story Mar. 46 A foursome passed homeward; two of the group were girls whom Jack and George agreed were swell lays. 1952 T. Armstrong Adam Brunskill ix. 291 With nothing to detain him further he started homeward. 2008 D. Mueenuddin in New Yorker 15 Sept. 79/1 The poor girl must be frightened, he thought, and turned homeward, stopping to buy a three-kilo box of sweets. B. adj. Directed towards home; going or heading home. Also: of or relating to a journey home. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > [adjective] > of or belonging to home > towards home homeward1566 homewards1729 1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall sig. Avij^v Which in their extreame dayes Will part from lyfe..To goe theyr homewarde wayes. 1696 N. Tate & N. Brady New Version Psalms of David cxix. 176 Till I despair to find my home-ward way. 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc ix. 303 Fear not for Burgundy!.. Our earliest scouts Shall tell his homeward march. 1816 J. Wilson City of Plague i. i. 153 Upon our homeward voyage. 1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 937 Surinam, where she had taken in her homeward cargo. 1926 L. Hart Two to Eleven in D. Hart & R. Kimball Compl. Lyrics L. Hart (1986) 85/1 The milkman on his morning walk With whom all homeward chappies talk. 1954 Househ. Guide & Almanac (News of World) 49/1 Be very careful on the homeward journey. 1991 C. James Brrm! Brrm! (1992) xii. 120 He had almost nothing left to his name except the homeward half of his return air ticket. Phrases † to be homeward: to be going home, to be on the way back to where one came from. Obsolete. ΚΠ eOE tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) iii. xi. 82 Ptolomeus..diegellice æfter Seleucuse for, þa he hamweard wæs. OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1881) I. 318 Datianus wearð færlice ofslagen.., þa ða he hamwerd wæs. a1225 (c1200) Vices & Virtues (1888) 147 (MED) Godd..sade to is prophete ðe was ham-ward, ‘Wand aȝean.’ c1300 St. Brendan (Harl.) l. 70 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 222 (MED) We were hamward in þe see; we nuste whar he bi-com. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) iii. l. 1021 (MED) The fame..Makth knowe how that the Gregois were Homward..Fro Troie. c1436 Duke Burgundy (Rome) l. 66 in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 88 (MED) The flemmynges..encountred Morteigne as he was homward. Compounds With participles, as homeward-going, homeward-marching, etc. See also homeward-bound adj. ΚΠ 1777 R. Potter tr. Æschylus Tragedies 508 Each towred city saw with pride Safe from the toils of war her homeward-marching train. 1787 C. E. Sanders Poems Var. Subj. 72 The homeward plodding husbandman. 1813 Ld. Byron Giaour 1 The homeward-veering skiff. a1867 A. Smith Last Leaves (1868) 72 The rusty caw of the homeward-sliding rook. 1898 Westm. Gaz. 31 Jan. 2/1 The homeward-going teams. 1907 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 446 The triumphant bugles welcoming the long columns of homeward-marching troops. 1981 G. Priestland At Large (1983) 55 I've seen homeward-going schoolchildren fling down their books. 1998 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 265 1203/1 Pigeons that had been transported to the release site in irregularly oscillating magnetic fields or in total darkness were no longer homeward-oriented. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adv.adj.eOE
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