hospitallerhospitalern.

Brit.

/ˈhɒspᵻtl̩ə/, U.S.

/ˈhɑˌspɪdl̩ər/

Forms: Middle English–1500s hospiteler, hospyteler, Middle English hospytler, hosspituller, hospituler, ospitallere, 1500s hospytelar, 1600s–1700s hospitler, Middle English– hospitaler, Middle English hospitaller.

Etymology: < Old French hospitalier (12–13th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), < medieval Latin hospitālārius hospitaller (senses 1, 2), < hospitāle (see hospital n.). hosteler n., ostler n. are doublets.

1. In a religious house or hospice, the person whose office it is to receive and attend upon visitors, pilgrims, and strangers; = hosteler n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > monastic functionary > hosteller > [noun]

hostelerc1300

ostlera1325

hospitaller1483

terrar1593

hospitalariana1773

guest-master1860

1483 Cath. Angl. 190/1 An Hosspituller, cenodochiaria, cenodochiarius.

1756 A. Butler Lives Saints I. 90 St. Isidore, Priest and Hospitaller of Alexandria.

1864 J. B. Greenshields Ann. Parish Lesmahagow 13 The hospitaler received strangers and the wayfaring poor.

2. spec. A member of a religious order, brotherhood, or sisterhood, formed for charitable purposes, esp. for the care of the sick and infirm in hospitals. Many such have existed from the 13th cent. or earlier. Such were originally the Knights Hospitallers (see 3).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > member of order of knights, etc. > [noun]

Templarc1290

hospitallerc1386

Templaryc1460

Rhodian?1482

spittlerc1540

stelliferc1540

Johannite1570

Annunciade1593

Port-glaive1652

sword-bearer1656

turcopole1896

society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > religio-military religious > Knights Hospitaller > [noun] > member of

hospitallerc1386

Rhodian?1482

spittlerc1540

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋817 Folk that been entred in-to ordre as subdekne or preest or hospitaliers.

c1430 J. Lydgate Venus-Mass Ep., in Lay Folks Mass-bk. 394 To all the holy ffraternite and Confrary of the same bretherhede. And to alle hospytlerys and Relygious nat spottyd nor mad foul wyth no cryme.

1686 J. S. Hist. Monastical Convent. 52 The Hospitalers of the Holy Ghost took their beginning at Rome, about..1201.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Name is chiefly apply'd to certain Communities of Religious.—As the Hospitalers of Elsefort in Essex, instituted to take Care of Lepers; Hospitalers of St. John Baptist of Coventry; Hospitalers of St. Julian; Hospitalers of St. Leonard at York, &c.

1746 in Acct. French Settlem. N. Amer. 24 This house is serv'd by the nuns hospitalers of St. Augustine of the congregation of the mercy of Jesus.

1880 Chambers's Encycl. (at cited word) The hospitallers of Our Lady of Christian Charity were founded near Chalons in the end of the 13th c., by Guy de Joinville;..and the hospitallers of Our Lady Della Scala about the same time at Siena.

3. More fully, Knights Hospitallers, an order of military monks, following chiefly the rule of St. Augustine, which took its origin from a hospital founded at Jerusalem, c1048, by merchants of Amalfi, for the succour and protection of poor pilgrims visiting the Holy Land, but subsequently grew to be a wealthy fraternity, received a military organization, and became one of the chief bulwarks of Christendom in the East, besides having dependent ‘hospitals’ and possessions throughout the Christian lands. (See commandery n.) Grand Hospitaller, the third in dignity of the order, after the Grand Commander and Grand Marshal; also an officer in some other orders.After the taking of Jerusalem by Saladin in 1187, the chief seat of the order was successively at Markab in Phoenicia, Acre 1193, Cyprus 1291, Rhodes 1310, Malta 1530 to 1798. Their possessions were confiscated in England in 1540, and the order was suppressed in most European countries in or after 1799. They were known at various times, and in their various capacities, as Brothers of the Hospital of St. John the Baptist, Knights of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, Knights of Rhodes, Knights of Malta, etc. (This is the earliest sense of the word in English.)

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warriors collectively > order of knights > [noun]

Knights Hospitallersc1330

orderc1330

white mantlesc1500

hospitalary1598

Templary Knights1617

Teutonic Order1617

Templarya1661

Teutonic1693

society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > religio-military religious > Knights Hospitaller > [noun]

Knights Hospitallersc1330

hospitalary1598

c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 178 He toke it wikkedly out of þe Hospitelers hond.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) iv. 13 Þe ile of Rodes, þe whilk þe Hospitelers haldez and gouernes.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) x. 40 [see hospital n. 1].

1531 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student (new ed.) xlii. f. cix^v The Hospytelers and Templers be prohybyt that they shall holde no plee that bylongeth to the kynges courtes.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 13 He entred into a deepe discourse thereof with..the master of the Hospitalars.

a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 54 The Convent of the Knights Hospitallers.

1756 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. I. 223 As to the order of St. Maurice it has the king for grand master... The marquis de Morus, chancellor of the order. The count de Provana, great hospitaler.

1776–81 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall lviii.

1858 W. Porter Hist. Knights Malta I. i. 13 Such was the original establishment of the Hospitallers of Jerusalem, which may justly be considered as the cradle of the Order of St. John.

4. In some of the London hospitals, which were originally religious foundations (and thus a direct development of sense 1): The title of the chief resident official whose office included that of religious superintendent; hence it is retained in some cases, e.g. St. Bartholomew's Hospital and St. Thomas's Hospital, as the title of the chaplain.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > healer > non-medical worker > [noun] > hospital administrator

hospitaller1552

matron1612

house governor1787

1552 Ordre Hospital S. Bartholomewes sig. D.iiij The office of the Hospiteler.

1624 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. iii. 146 To haue a revercion of the Hospitlers place of Saint Bartholemewes.

1690–1700 Order of Hospitalls sig. E^v Your warrant in sending any [sick folk] to the Hospitalls, shalbe sufficient to the Hospituller, for the receaving of the same.

1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 86/1 Sick Strangers..distributed regularly to inferior Hospitlers, to be looked after.

1737 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 33) 248 (St. Thomas's Hospital, Southwark) In the same court are the houses of the Treasurer, Hospitaler, Steward, Butler and Cook.

1766 J. Entick Surv. London in New Hist. London IV. 382 An hospitaller or chaplain, 4 physicians.

1898 St. Barthol. Hosp. Charge of the Vicar and Hospitaller.

1898 St. Thomas's Hosp. Duties of Hospitaller, You shall enjoin the Sisters to send for you, or the Assistant Hospitaller, whenever any Patients shall desire such [religious] Ministrations.

5. An inmate of a hospital. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > patient > [noun] > in hospital

patientc1387

tanton man1515

spittle-man1593

inpatient1738

day patient1754

in-case1840

hospitaller1857

1857 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. Oct. in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. vii. 389 There is an old man's Hospital..Life-like tales might be written on the..experience of these Hospitallers.

6. attributive. †Hospitaller Knight = 3. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 521 It was the Seat of the Hospitular-knights, which now reside in Malta.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	hospitaller
释义	hospitallerhospitalern. Brit. /ˈhɒspᵻtl̩ə/, U.S. /ˈhɑˌspɪdl̩ər/ Forms: Middle English–1500s hospiteler, hospyteler, Middle English hospytler, hosspituller, hospituler, ospitallere, 1500s hospytelar, 1600s–1700s hospitler, Middle English– hospitaler, Middle English hospitaller. Etymology: < Old French hospitalier (12–13th cent. in Hatzfeld & Darmesteter), < medieval Latin hospitālārius hospitaller (senses 1, 2), < hospitāle (see hospital n.). hosteler n., ostler n. are doublets. 1. In a religious house or hospice, the person whose office it is to receive and attend upon visitors, pilgrims, and strangers; = hosteler n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > monastic functionary > hosteller > [noun] hostelerc1300 ostlera1325 hospitaller1483 terrar1593 hospitalariana1773 guest-master1860 1483 Cath. Angl. 190/1 An Hosspituller, cenodochiaria, cenodochiarius. 1756 A. Butler Lives Saints I. 90 St. Isidore, Priest and Hospitaller of Alexandria. 1864 J. B. Greenshields Ann. Parish Lesmahagow 13 The hospitaler received strangers and the wayfaring poor. 2. spec. A member of a religious order, brotherhood, or sisterhood, formed for charitable purposes, esp. for the care of the sick and infirm in hospitals. Many such have existed from the 13th cent. or earlier. Such were originally the Knights Hospitallers (see 3). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > member of order of knights, etc. > [noun] Templarc1290 hospitallerc1386 Templaryc1460 Rhodian?1482 spittlerc1540 stelliferc1540 Johannite1570 Annunciade1593 Port-glaive1652 sword-bearer1656 turcopole1896 society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > religio-military religious > Knights Hospitaller > [noun] > member of hospitallerc1386 Rhodian?1482 spittlerc1540 c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋817 Folk that been entred in-to ordre as subdekne or preest or hospitaliers. c1430 J. Lydgate Venus-Mass Ep., in Lay Folks Mass-bk. 394 To all the holy ffraternite and Confrary of the same bretherhede. And to alle hospytlerys and Relygious nat spottyd nor mad foul wyth no cryme. 1686 J. S. Hist. Monastical Convent. 52 The Hospitalers of the Holy Ghost took their beginning at Rome, about..1201. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Name is chiefly apply'd to certain Communities of Religious.—As the Hospitalers of Elsefort in Essex, instituted to take Care of Lepers; Hospitalers of St. John Baptist of Coventry; Hospitalers of St. Julian; Hospitalers of St. Leonard at York, &c. 1746 in Acct. French Settlem. N. Amer. 24 This house is serv'd by the nuns hospitalers of St. Augustine of the congregation of the mercy of Jesus. 1880 Chambers's Encycl. (at cited word) The hospitallers of Our Lady of Christian Charity were founded near Chalons in the end of the 13th c., by Guy de Joinville;..and the hospitallers of Our Lady Della Scala about the same time at Siena. 3. More fully, Knights Hospitallers, an order of military monks, following chiefly the rule of St. Augustine, which took its origin from a hospital founded at Jerusalem, c1048, by merchants of Amalfi, for the succour and protection of poor pilgrims visiting the Holy Land, but subsequently grew to be a wealthy fraternity, received a military organization, and became one of the chief bulwarks of Christendom in the East, besides having dependent ‘hospitals’ and possessions throughout the Christian lands. (See commandery n.) Grand Hospitaller, the third in dignity of the order, after the Grand Commander and Grand Marshal; also an officer in some other orders.After the taking of Jerusalem by Saladin in 1187, the chief seat of the order was successively at Markab in Phoenicia, Acre 1193, Cyprus 1291, Rhodes 1310, Malta 1530 to 1798. Their possessions were confiscated in England in 1540, and the order was suppressed in most European countries in or after 1799. They were known at various times, and in their various capacities, as Brothers of the Hospital of St. John the Baptist, Knights of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, Knights of Rhodes, Knights of Malta, etc. (This is the earliest sense of the word in English.) ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warriors collectively > order of knights > [noun] Knights Hospitallersc1330 orderc1330 white mantlesc1500 hospitalary1598 Templary Knights1617 Teutonic Order1617 Templarya1661 Teutonic1693 society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > religio-military religious > Knights Hospitaller > [noun] Knights Hospitallersc1330 hospitalary1598 c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 178 He toke it wikkedly out of þe Hospitelers hond. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) iv. 13 Þe ile of Rodes, þe whilk þe Hospitelers haldez and gouernes. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) x. 40 [see hospital n. 1]. 1531 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student (new ed.) xlii. f. cix^v The Hospytelers and Templers be prohybyt that they shall holde no plee that bylongeth to the kynges courtes. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 13 He entred into a deepe discourse thereof with..the master of the Hospitalars. a1701 H. Maundrell Journey Aleppo to Jerusalem (1703) 54 The Convent of the Knights Hospitallers. 1756 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. I. 223 As to the order of St. Maurice it has the king for grand master... The marquis de Morus, chancellor of the order. The count de Provana, great hospitaler. 1776–81 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall lviii. 1858 W. Porter Hist. Knights Malta I. i. 13 Such was the original establishment of the Hospitallers of Jerusalem, which may justly be considered as the cradle of the Order of St. John. 4. In some of the London hospitals, which were originally religious foundations (and thus a direct development of sense 1): The title of the chief resident official whose office included that of religious superintendent; hence it is retained in some cases, e.g. St. Bartholomew's Hospital and St. Thomas's Hospital, as the title of the chaplain. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > healer > non-medical worker > [noun] > hospital administrator hospitaller1552 matron1612 house governor1787 1552 Ordre Hospital S. Bartholomewes sig. D.iiij The office of the Hospiteler. 1624 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. iii. 146 To haue a revercion of the Hospitlers place of Saint Bartholemewes. 1690–1700 Order of Hospitalls sig. E^v Your warrant in sending any [sick folk] to the Hospitalls, shalbe sufficient to the Hospituller, for the receaving of the same. 1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 86/1 Sick Strangers..distributed regularly to inferior Hospitlers, to be looked after. 1737 Chamberlayne's Magnæ Britanniæ Notitia (ed. 33) 248 (St. Thomas's Hospital, Southwark) In the same court are the houses of the Treasurer, Hospitaler, Steward, Butler and Cook. 1766 J. Entick Surv. London in New Hist. London IV. 382 An hospitaller or chaplain, 4 physicians. 1898 St. Barthol. Hosp. Charge of the Vicar and Hospitaller. 1898 St. Thomas's Hosp. Duties of Hospitaller, You shall enjoin the Sisters to send for you, or the Assistant Hospitaller, whenever any Patients shall desire such [religious] Ministrations. 5. An inmate of a hospital. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > patient > [noun] > in hospital patientc1387 tanton man1515 spittle-man1593 inpatient1738 day patient1754 in-case1840 hospitaller1857 1857 N. Hawthorne Jrnl. Oct. in Eng. Notebks. (1997) II. vii. 389 There is an old man's Hospital..Life-like tales might be written on the..experience of these Hospitallers. 6. attributive. †Hospitaller Knight = 3. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 521 It was the Seat of the Hospitular-knights, which now reside in Malta. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1330
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