| 释义 |
hippocrasn. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French ipocras. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French ipocras, ypocras, Middle French hipocras, hypocras (late 14th cent.; French (now hist.) hypocras ), probably an alteration (after Hippocras , Ypocras , Middle French forms of the name of Hippocrates: see Hippocrates n.) of Old French boucras aromatic drink (late 13th cent.), variant of bogerastre , borgerastre (12th cent.), probably < an unattested Byzantine Greek form *ὑποκεραστός ‘lightly mixed’, verbal adjective < the stem of ancient Greek ὑποκιρνάναι to be mixed together lightly ( < ὑπο- hypo- prefix + κιρνάναι , alternative passive form corresponding to κεράννυναι to mix: see crater n.) + -τός, suffix forming verbal adjectives.Parallels in Romance languages. Compare Old Occitan ypocras , Catalan hipocràs (both 15th cent.), Spanish hipocrás (end of the 15th cent. as ipocras ). Alternative explanation of the origin of the French word. It has alternatively been suggested (e.g. in Französisches etymol. Wörterbuch at Hippokrates) that the French noun reflects false etymological analysis of the name of Hippocrates (ancient Greek Ἱπποκράτης ) as if deriving from ancient Greek ὑπό under (French hypo- : see hypo- prefix) and κρᾶσις mixture (see crasis n.) and reflects medieval attribution of the invention of the drink to Hippocrates. Specific forms. The Older Scots forms in -st appear to show excrescent t . The β. forms show alteration after different forms of the name of Hippocrates (compare e.g. Ypocrates (late 12th cent. in Middle English), Ypocrate (14th cent. in Middle French). Ipocras occurs frequently as the name of the physician in Middle English texts, compare e.g.:a1450 ( G. Chaucer Bk. Duchess (Tanner 346) (1871) l. 571 Ne hele me may no phisicien Nouȝt Ipocras, ne Galien. Chiefly historical or archaic after 18th cent. the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > drinks made with wine > [noun] > spiced wine a1400 tr. Lanfranc (Ashm.) (1894) 139 I ȝaf him to drynke hoot ypocras [?a1450 BL Add. ydrosacre] þat is maad of sugre & of watir. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 563 He drynketh ypocras Clarree and vernage Of Spices hoote tencressen his corage. 1466 in (1841) 377 The same day my mastyr paid fore ypocras to the Ryalle, x.d. 1503 in J. B. Paul (1900) II. 386 To Johne Mosman to mak ypocrist, and to gif for spices to the samyn. 1564 W. Bullein (new ed.) f. 72 I neuer dranke soche Hippocras, Wine, nor Beere. a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry V ccclxvi, in (1878) IV. 192 Soe saue the Ipocras, and Candy Plate. 1709 J. Strype xv. 196 After the christening were brought wafers, comfits..and hypocras and muscadine wine. 1775 tr. 249 You can make hypocras with either of the following liquors; viz. Spanish wine; Muscat, Rhyne-wine. 1830 G. P. R. James III. xi. 264 The English.., sending over many a flaggon of wine and hypocras. 1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton II. iv. vi. 98 Now there appeared the attendants, with hippocras, syrups, and comfits. 1964 B. C. A. Turner 87 Hypocras is made from spiced grape wine and honey. Spices may be of your choice. 2000 A. Dalby 130 Medieval Europe had a new favourite in hippocras, popularly supposed to be a healthgiving drink. Compounds the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > freedom from impurities > removal of impurities > filtering or percolating > [noun] > filter or percolator > cloth or bag ?a1500 Recipes (Harl. 1706) in (2008) 126 446 Lett yt rynne thorow a thyke cloothe or an ypocras bagge þan kepe yt yn a glas. 1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner 353 At lengthe shalt thou hange it in a little bagge, as an Hippocras bagge [L. Hippocratis manica] in a moyst place. 1651 J. French v. 123 When you would have this or any other Liquor to be very clear, you may use the triple Hypocras bag. 1736 i. i. 51 Pass what is strained thro' an Hippocras Bag, after the Liquor is settled. 1858 J. Harland IV. Notes 942 Dr. Bacon converted it into a pleasant julep, by passing it through a hippocras bag into a beautiful and pleasant liquor. 1976 50 376 The hippocras bag, from which the drink derived its name, was a conical cloth strainer, the invention of which was attributed to Hippocrates. 2008 126 429 (title) Curiously, none of the edited medieval English recipes for hippocras mentions a hippocras bag. 1679 J. Evelyn Pomona (ed. 3) in (ed. 3) 410 Some stamp Malago Raisins, putting Milk to them, and letting it percolate through an Hippocras sleeve. 2007 K. Colquhoun vi. 78 The liquid was then strained through a hippocras sleeve, or cloth bag. the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > drinks made with wine > [noun] > spiced wine a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in (2002) i. 123 Þese may marre many a man changynge his astate, but ȝiff he haue aftur, hard chese, wafurs, with wyne ypocrate. 1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner 397 So of Hippocras wyne [L. Hippocratico vino] maist thou make claret or clear: and of clear, Hippocras [L. Hippocraticum]. 1651 J. French v. 124 (heading) To make excellent Hypocras Wine in an instant. 1766 A. Hume tr. S. A. D. Tissot iii. x. 150 Some females who, by drinking Hippocras wine to excess [Fr. l'excès d'hyppocras], were thrown into venereal extasies. 1828 98 Suppl. i. 579/1 We see, by the foregoing account, the various methods of making Hippocras wine. 1992 P. Gregory (2008) 36 She craved for the heavy, warm sweetness of hippocras wine after a feast. 2017 (Nexis) 27 July 24 Sylvain..is currently working on developing and promoting a hippocras wine, aimed at the medieval reenactment and Christmas markets. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.a1400 |
