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单词 heroical
释义

heroicaladj.

Brit. /hᵻˈrəʊᵻkl/, U.S. /həˈroʊək(ə)l/
Forms: late Middle English heroicalle, 1500s heroijcall, 1500s heroyacall, 1500s heroyecall, 1500s–1600s heroicall, 1500s–1600s heroycal, 1500s–1600s heroycall, 1500s– heroical, 1600s heroiecall, 1600s heroikall; also Scottish pre-1700 heroyicall.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin hērōicus , -al suffix1.
Etymology: < classical Latin hērōicus heroic adj. + -al suffix1. Compare later heroic adj.
heroic is incomparably more usual in all current senses.
1.
a. = heroic adj. 1a.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [adjective]
heroical?a1475
heroicc1550
heroic1592
Argonautic1794
paladin1845
Bunyanesque1888
society > morality > virtue > morally elevated quality > [adjective]
kindly1340
heroical?a1475
heroicc1550
high-set1597
fine1598
unbase1601
exalteda1616
noblea1616
spiritful1631
raised1662
high-toned1770
lofty1776
etherealized1846
upward1850
unsordid1857
high-tone1864
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > fame or renown > famous or eminent person > [adjective]
mereeOE
athelOE
couthOE
brightOE
namecundc1175
outnumenc1175
noble?c1225
ketec1275
sheenc1275
tirfulc1275
glorious13..
losedc1305
of great renownc1330
glorifieda1340
worthly or worthy in wonea1350
clearc1374
nameda1382
solemna1387
renomeda1393
famous?a1400
renomé?a1400
renowneda1400
notedc1400
of (great, high, etc.) name?c1430
celebrate?1440
namely1440
famosec1449
honourable?c1450
notedc1450
parent?c1450
glorificatec1460
heroical?a1475
insignite?a1475
magnific1490
well-fameda1492
exemie1497
singular1497
preclare1503
magnificential1506
laureate1508
illustre?a1513
illustred1512
magnificent1513
preclared1530
grand1542
celebrated1549
heroicc1550
lustrantc1550
magnifical1557
illustrate1562
expectablec1565
ennobled1571
laurel1579
nominated1581
famosed1582
perspicuous1582
big1587
famed1595
uplifted1596
illustrious1598
celebrousc1600
luculent1600
celebrious1604
fameful1605
famoused1606
renownful1606
bruitful1609
eminent1611
insignious1620
clarousa1636
far-fameda1640
top1647
grandee1648
signalized1652
noscible1653
splendid1660
voiced1661
gloried1671
laurelled1683
distinguished1714
distinct1756
lustrious1769
trumpeted1775
spiry1825
world-famous1832
galactic1902
tycoonish1958
mega1987
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1871) III. 281 (MED) Socrates ȝafe grete resplendence in vertues heroicalle [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. vertues þat makeþ men i-liche to God; L. uirtutibus heroicis].
1555 R. Eden in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde Pref. sig. aij The heroical factes of the Spaniardes of these days, deserue so greate prayse.
1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. B7 The heroicall and mighty actions of Kings.
1620 Bp. J. Hall Honor Married Clergie i. viii. 42 The heroicall spirit of Luther..chose rather..to be an honest Husband, than a fornicating Frier.
1643 W. Prynne Soveraigne Power Parl. Ded. sig. A2v One person of the exquisitest judgement, Heroicallest Spirit.
1700 J. Dryden Fables Ded. sig. Bij Though you have Courage in a heroical Degree.
1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man ii. iii. 319 The Bulk of Mankind are at a Loss to believe the Possibility of very heroical, generous, pious Actions.
1803 E. Hay Hist. Insurrection Wexford Introd. 19 He manifested a most heroical disposition at the battles of Ross and Fooks's Mill.
1814 J. West Alicia de Lacy I. 83 She would imitate such heroical subjection of personal desires.
1920 Manch. Guardian 25 May 5/2 The story of a Moorish raid, of abduction and heroical rescue.
1988 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 2 July i. 7/1 Heroical deeds..accomplished by our people.
2003 World Lit. Today 77 137/3 The heroical fight of the Danish resistance to the German occupation during World War II.
b. = heroic adj. 1b.
ΚΠ
1535 W. Marshall tr. Marsilius of Padua Def. of Peace xi. f. 26v A prynce or gouernoure so heroycall [L. heroicum] and passynge vertuous, that there coulde be neyther passyon, neyther ignoraunce in hym.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. i. 63 Haue comiseration on thy heroicall Vassall. View more context for this quotation
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 16 That Heroicall Woman, Elizabeth late Queene of England.
1654 J. Trapp Comm. Psalms ii. 4 Luther, that Heroical Reformer, was Excommunicated by the Pope.
1743 Epitaph in J. Entick New Hist. London (1766) 418 To the memory of this most heroical person.
1764 S. Foote Lyar i. 14 I have got here a most heroical lover.
1824 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. I. xv. 390 Mezentius, the most heroical of all the characters in that poem.
1912 A. T. S. Goodrick tr. H. J. C. von Grimmelshausen Adventurous Simplicissimus i. xxiii. 74 A brave and heroical soldier.
1995 Observer (Nexis) 16 July 15 He casts serious doubts on the picture of the heroical outsider.
c. Grand, magnificent; befitting a hero. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [adjective] > magnificent
lordlylOE
richc1275
prouda1300
noblec1300
gloriousc1315
reala1325
rialc1330
stouta1350
solemnc1386
royalc1400
pompousc1425
statelyc1425
lordlike1488
magnific1490
of state1498
magnificenta1530
pompatic1535
magnificala1538
princely1539
gorgeous?1542
regal1561
superbious?1566
surly1566
splendent1567
heroical1577
superbous1581
sumptuous1594
pompatical1610
pompal1616
fastidious1638
grand1673
splendid1685
grandific1727
grandiose1818
splendiferous1827
splendacious1843
magnolious1863
1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. iii. iv. f. 103*/1, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Magnificent apparell both of stuffe and fashion exquisite and heroicall.
1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Heroicall, beseeming a noble man, or magnificent.
a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1683 (1955) IV. 317 Virio the Painters Invention is..admirable, his Ord'nance full, & flowing, antique & heroical.
1718 M. Shelton Hist. & Crit. Ess. True Rise Nobility vii. 135 Stately and magnificent Apparel, exquisite and heroical, to wear at high Feasts.
2.
a. = heroic adj. 2a. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > versification > metre > [adjective] > pentameter > heroic
heroical?a1475
heroic?1585
?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 377 (MED) Formatus the poete..drawede the gestes of Seynte Martyne in iiij bookes, in metre heroicalle [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. vers of sixe feet; L. heroico..metro].
1546 T. Langley tr. P. Vergil Abridgem. Notable Worke i. viii. f. xvii Heroical meter is so called of the valiaunt dedes of armes of noble men that be contained in it.
1576 A. Fleming tr. G. Macropedius in Panoplie Epist. 377 To write in heroicall Verses.
1589 R. Hakluyt tr. J. Bale in Princ. Navigations i. 15 He..handled the same Argument in Heroical verse.
1617 B. Rich Irish Hubbub 3 [Stanyhurst] tooke vpon him to translate Virgill, and stript him..out of a Latin Heroicall verse, into an English riffe raffe.
1693 W. Wotton tr. L. E. Du Pin New Hist. Eccl. Writers V. iv. 26 It is not written in Heroical Verse, as Sigibert observ'd, but in Elegiac Verse.
1817 Crit. Rev . Feb. 194 There can be nothing more wearisome than the heroical measure as employed and constructed by Mr. Hoole and those whom he has imitated.
1839 Monthly Chron. 4 259 We do not anticipate that an English audience, like a German one, would endure to listen to a rhymed lyrical play any more than they would to rhymed heroical verses.
1985 Victorian Poetry 23 236 He had..chosen to render the epyllion into fourteener couplets rather than into some more conventional form of English heroical verse.
b. = heroic adj. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > poem or piece of poetry > narrative poem > [adjective] > epic or heroic
heroical?1521
heroica1586
epic1589
epical1694
?1521 A. Barclay Bk. Codrus & Mynalcas sig. Ciij They count them poetes, hye and heroycall.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Apol. Poetrie (1595) sig. C4 Xenophon..made therein [i.e. in Cyropædia] an absolute heroicall Poem.
1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy iii. ii. iii. i. 597 All these passions are well described by that Heroicall Poet.
1684 T. Creech tr. Theocritus Idylliums i. 9 Then Epick Poetry which is lofty and Heroical arrose.
1707 J. Dunton Athenian Sport lxx. 324/1 The Learned Pindar was no less a Lover of Wine than Cowley. 'Twas this made him a peerless Heroical Poet.
1800 Monthly Mag. June 431/1 The great heroical piece, Johanna of Montfaucon.
1843 U.S. Democratic Rev. Dec. 600/1 The very antipode of that heroical poetry he so much affected.
1901 19th Cent. & After Feb. 294 The peasant of to-day is acquainted with the heroical tales of the Fenian cycle, and to him Dairmuid and Usheen and Caoelte are a part of his inheritance.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 327/1 It is difficult to understand how Francis Meres came to rank him with Spenser as the chief heroical poets of the day.
2010 States News Service (Nexis) 31 Mar. Mamayi is a master artist for the heroical epic Manass.
3. = heroic adj. 3a, 3b. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > courage > heroism > [adjective] > relating to heroes of antiquity
heroical1535
heroic1594
1535 W. Marshall tr. Marsilius of Padua Def. of Peace ix. f. 21 Those tymes were called heroycall [L. heroica], other because than ye constellacyon brought forth such maner men, whiche were beleued to be heroes.
1553 R. Eden in tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India Ded. sig. aaij Howe excellently the Poet Homere had set forth his heroical factes.
1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ i. vi. (heading) The fabulousness of the Heroical age of Greece.
1692 J. Washington tr. J. Milton Def. People Eng. viii. 176 The fourth sort he makes of such as reigned in the Heroical days.
1775 Covent-Garden Mag. Apr. 145/2 Our friend Bonneau, always well inclined, proposed to them to decide it by hazard, as was the custom with ancient warriors in heroical times.
1854 A. L. Kœppen World in Middle Ages ii. 24/1 The sagas and songs in the Icelandic eddas are eloquent testimonials from the heroical days of the old Sea-kings and Vi-kings.
1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxviii. 92 Altar of heroes Troy, Troy of heroical acts.
2006 Internat. Jrnl. Classical Trad. 12 419 The four classic heroical adventurers Perseus, Theseus, Jason, and Hercules.
4. Now rare.
a. = heroic adj. 4a.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > hope > aspiration, ambition > [adjective]
ambitiousc1384
aspiring1577
heroical1581
high-flyinga1586
high-reaching1593
soaringa1616
aspirant1808
would-be1813
Diotrephic1838
Diotrephian1845
Diotrephesian1862
millennial1897
1581 W. Allen Apol. Two Eng. Colleges vi. f. 80 They haue (our Lord Iesus giuing grace..to their godly and heroical endeuours)..entered into the extreme parts of the world, almost through al the East Indes, and most barbarous Countries, and haue conuerted diuers mightie Princes.
a1628 F. Greville Life of Sidney (1652) vii. 90 That Heroicall design of invading, and possessing America, how exactly soever projected, and digested in every minute.
1671 H. Hallywell Disc. Excellency Christianity iii. 46 These and such like Heroical Exertions of our Minds bring..a present Delight and Gratefulness with them.
1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. iv. i. 207 It is..in Philosophy an heroical Atchievement to dispossess this imaginary Monarch [sc. God] of his Government.
1839 Edinb. Rev. Jan. 405 He..at last, after ten years of assiduous labour, saw his heroical task crowned with success.
1891 R. Allan Border Lays ii. 95 ‘I'll venture to go to the preachings.’ A heroical project most surely.
1907 Encycl. Americana XVI. at Balzac It [sc. Balzac's Comédie Humaine] is an imaginative reconstruction of French society in every part and aspect..: an heroical design.
1948 Baker St. Jrnl. 3 443 You are familiar of course with the heroical efforts of poor Mr. Greenhough Smith to keep the magazine rolling when there were no stories from Watson.
2009 Jrnl. (Newcastle) (Nexis) 9 Feb. 48 Yesterday's heroical efforts were typified by superb skipper Jason Demetriou.
b. = heroic adj. 4b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > types of treatment generally > [adjective] > other miscellaneous treatments
sublimate1585
heroical1769
Perkinean1798
Perkinistic1803
heroic1818
adjuvant1834
aggressive1837
calmative1871
bacteriotherapeutic1886
mechanotherapeutic1915
inhalational1944
non-invasive1968
invasive1972
vegetablized1974
multidisciplinarian1985
1769 B. Alexander tr. G. B. Morgagni Seats & Causes Dis. III. iv. 276 In the more firm and robust times of life, there is room for heroical cures, as they are call'd.
1827 N. Amer. Med. & Surg. Jrnl. 4 340 Polypharmacy, and heroical remedies, as we are pleased to term them, have too long occupied the attention of American practitioners.
1884 Med. News 13 Sept. 282/2 Over and over again has the attempt been made, to cut short typho-malarial fever by heroical doses of quinine.
1931 Internat. Med. Digest 18 36/2 The patient had another relapse of the anemia, and in an attempt to institute another heroical liver cure, incoercible vomiting appeared for a whole week.
5. = heroic adj. 5. Also in extended use. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > plastic art > statuary > [adjective] > kind or size of statue
pedestrial1611
colossean1644
iconic1656
colossal1712
heroic1712
pedestrian1722
Persian1728
heroical1770
Hermaean1813
Hermaic1820
lifelike1836
polylithic1839
stolated1856
life-size1859
Heraclean1883
1770 G. Baretti Journey London to Genoa II. lv. 287 These statues are of that size that sculptors call heroical.
1840 W. M. Thackeray Paris Sketch Bk. II. 282 We..have set up, in our hearts, a grand image of him, endowed with wit..and enormous heroical stature.
1908 J. J. Jusserand in Proc. 42nd Ann. Convent. Amer. Inst. Architects 103 All these works, be they new coins.., or the heroical statues of Lincoln, or the artist's monumental caryatides.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.?a1475
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