apen.

Brit.

/eɪp/, U.S.

/eɪp/

Forms: Old English apa, Middle English hape, Middle English– ape. plural Old English apan, Middle English apen, Middle English– apes.

Etymology: Old English apa (masculine), ape (feminine), cognate with Low German ape, Dutch aap, Old High German affo (masculine), affe (feminine), Middle High German affe, Old Norse api (Swedish apa). Probably an adopted word in Old Germanic; compare Old Irish apa, Welsh epa; Slavonic op-, in Old Bohemian op, Czech op-ec, Slovak op-itza.

1. An animal of the monkey tribe (Simiadæ); before the introduction of ‘monkey’ (16th cent.), the generic name, and still (since 1700) sometimes so used poetically or rhetorically, or when their uncouth resemblance to men and mimicry of human action is the main idea (due to reaction of the verb ape upon the noun whence it was formed).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > monkey

apea700

mercat1481

jackanapesa1529

monkey1530

pug1598

puggy1662

meerkat1801

monkey-man1819

monk1841

simian1861

Moloch1929

a700 Epinal Gloss. 827 in H. Sweet Oldest Eng. Texts Phitecus, apa.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 366 Wið apan bite oððe mannes, smyre mid fearres geallan.

c1300 K. Alis. 6464 Visage after martyn apen: Folke heo buth, ful eovel y-schapen!

1366 Mandeville's Trav. xxii. 239 Babewynes, apes, marmesettes, and othere dyverse bestes.

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2299 Wilde beris & apes.

c1400 Rom. Rose 6839 Make I not wel tumble myn apes?

?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 759/24 Hec simia, a hape.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. xiii. D Estriches shal dwell there, & Apes [1611 Satyres] shal daunse there.

1539 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Prouerbes sig. E.vii^v The fayreste of Apes is fowle.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 168 Prouerbe. An ape wilbe an ape, by kinde as they say, Though that ye clad him all in purple array.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Femme Euerie Ape thinkes her puppie the fairest.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. 247 Apes With foreheads villanous low.

1650 N. Ward Discolliminium 5 The Proverb, A guilty conscience is as afraid of a feather, as an Apes tayl of a whip.

1728 A. Pope Dunciad i. 226 Less human genius than God gives an ape.

1857 H. G. Bohn Handbk. Prov. 310 An Ape's an ape; a varlet's a varlet; Though they be clad in silk or scarlet.

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise I. 377 Quick-chattering apes, that yet in mockery Of anxious men wrinkle their ugly brows.

a. spec. A member of the Simiadæ, having no tail nor cheek-pouches; including the gorilla, chimpanzee, orangutan, and gibbons.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > group Catarrhinae (Old World monkey) > member of superfamily Hominoidea (apes and humans) > family Pongidae (ape)

babiona1529

jackanapes1528

Johnanapes1633

man-monkey1651

ape1699

pygmy1699

Simia1719

great ape1771

anthropoid1861

pithecoid1874

man-ape1878

pongid1949

pithecine1962

1699 E. Tyson (title) Orang-outang sive Homo Sylvestris. Or, The anatomy of a pygmie compared with that of a monkey, an ape, and a man.

1764 T. Williams in Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. (at cited word) The ape, properly so called, is without a tail.

1834 Penny Cycl. II. 144 We say that an ape is a monkey without a tail, and a baboon a monkey with a short tail, reserving the term monkey more particularly for those species which have very long tails; and though our early writers use these three words indiscriminately..yet the significations here given have generally prevailed since the time of Ray, and are now exclusively adopted.

1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species vii. 181 Why have not apes acquired the intellectual powers of man?

b. to play the ape (referring to the way in which these animals mimic human form and gestures): to imitate, esp. in an inferior or spurious manner, to counterfeit, mimic the reality.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (intransitive)] > apishly

to play the ape1579

to ape ita1658

1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 343/1 He playeth the Ape, and counterfeteth what God hath ordeined for our saluation.

1648 N. Ward To Parl. at Westm. 23 Themselves may..play the Apes in Pulpits.

c. Used quasi-adverbially in to go ape (slang, originally U.S.), to go ‘crazy’; to become excited, violent, sexually aggressive, etc.; to display strong enthusiasm or appreciation; also, to malfunction. See American Speech (1961) XXXVI. 150 for an account of the phrase's development.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > riotous excitement > behave with riotous excitement [verb (intransitive)]

rehayte1526

tear1602

to play up1849

to whoop things up1873

to raise sand1892

to raise (also kick up, play, etc.) merry hell1931

to go ape1955

to go (also drive) bananas1957

the world > action or operation > manner of action > [verb (intransitive)] > operate in a faulty manner

misperform1656

misbehave1851

to act up1887

malfunction1941

to go ape1985

1955 Amer. Speech 30 117 [Air Force slang] Go ape; go ape shit, v. phr., react in an irrational manner; go into a frenzy.

1962 Datamation Feb. 31/1 Here is a great chance to go ape, for if the formats of cards are manifold, those of paper tape are megafold.

1963 D. B. Hughes Expendable Man i. 23 I go ape over Johnny Mathis.

1966 ‘T. Wells’ Matter of Love & Death vi. 63 I'm just keeping busy. I've been going ape with nothing to do.

1974 Sunday Sun (Brisbane) 4 Aug. 28/5 The local Shire Council has gone ape over the song, Laidley Where The Green Grass Grows, and they're launching it at a gala licensed cabaret in the Shire Hall on August 23.

1985 Sunday Times 10 Mar. 56/6 Brian Phelan's play..is about..a secret government computer centre that's gone ape... Its minders appear to have launched into freelance crime.

3. Hence figurative. One who ‘plays the ape’; an imitator, a mimic.

a. contemptuously or derisively.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > silly imitation > one who

ape?c1225

monkey1589

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 182 Lachȝeð þe alde ape [sc. the devil] lude tobismere.

1561 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalips ci. 695 Antichrist, the Ape of our lord Christ.

1592 Greenes Groats-worth of Witte sig. F^v Let those Apes imitate your past excellence.

1607 S. Hieron Spirituall Sonne-ship in Wks. (1620) I. 360 The diuell is Gods ape, and seekes to counterfeit Him almost in euery thing.

1780 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 2) IV. vii. 142 Every genius has his apes.

1855 H. Rogers Ess. II. vii. 332 This spurious liberalism, which is but a ridiculous ape of charity.

†b. in a good or neutral sense. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > one who or that which imitates

followera1398

imitator1523

counterfeiter1526

counterfeitress1577

ape1594

imitatrix1606

emulator1652

figurer1665

mime1677

copier1679

copist1682

mimicker1693

copyist1756

mimic1791

polygraph1794

polygraphic1797

polygrapher1810

echoer1823

imitatressa1834

me-too1886

copycat1896

1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits iv. 51 The wise and discreet is the Ape of God.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 12 The Poets with their Apes, the Painters, Limmers, and Caruers.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) ii. ii. 31 O sleepe, thou Ape of death, lye dull vpon her.

1650 E. Ashmole Arcanum in A. Dee Fasciculus Chem. (ed. 3) 201 Philosophy, which is the Ape of Nature.

†4. transferred. A fool. Cf. God's ape n. at god n. and int. Compounds 2c. to make (a person) one's ape, to put an ape in a person's hood, to befool or dupe a person. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > foolish person, fool > [noun]

dizzyc825

cang?c1225

foolc1225

apec1330

mopc1330

saddle-goosec1346

mis-feelinga1382

foltc1390

mopec1390

fona1400

buffardc1430

fopc1440

joppec1440

fonda1450

fondlinga1450

insipienta1513

plume of feathers1530

bobolynec1540

dizzard1546

Little Witham?1548

nodc1563

dawkin1565

cocknel1566

nigion1570

niddicock1577

nodcock1577

cuckoo1581

Jack with the feather1581

niddipol1582

noddyship?1589

stirkc1590

fonkin1591

Gibraltar1593

fopper1598

noddypeak1598

coxcombry1600

simple1600

gowka1605

nup1607

fooliaminy1608

silly ass1608

dosser-head1612

dor1616

glow-worm1624

liripipea1625

doodle1629

sop1637

spalt1639

fool's head1650

buffle1655

Jack Adams1656

bufflehead1659

nincompoopc1668

bavian1678

nokes1679

foolanea1681

cod1699

hulver-head1699

nigmenog1699

single ten1699

mud1703

dowf1722

foolatum1740

silly billy1749

tommy noddy1774

arsec1785

nincom1800

silly1807

slob1810

omadhaun1818

potwalloper1820

mosy1824

amadan1825

gump1825

gype1825

oonchook1825

prawn1845

suck-egg1851

goosey1852

nowmun1854

pelican1856

poppy-show1860

buggerlugs1861

damfool1881

mudhead1882

yob1886

peanut head1891

haggis bag1892

poop1893

gazob1906

mush1906

wump1908

zob1911

gorm1912

goof1916

goofus1916

gubbins1916

dumb cluck1922

twat1922

B.F.1925

goofer1925

bird brain1926

berk1929

Berkeley1929

Berkeley Hunt1929

ding1929

loogan1929

stupido1929

poop-stick1930

nelly1931

droop1932

diddy1933

slappy1937

goof ball1938

get1940

poon1940

tonk1941

clot1942

yuck1943

possum1945

gobdaw1947

momo1953

nig-nog1953

plonker1955

weenie1956

nong-nong1959

Berkshire Hunt1960

balloon1965

doofus1965

dork1965

nana1965

shit-for-brains1966

schmoll1967

tosspot1967

lunchbox1969

doof1971

tonto1973

dorkus1979

motorhead1979

mouth-breather1979

wally1980

wally brain1981

der-brain1983

langer1983

numpty1985

sotong1988

fanny1995

fannybaws2000

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > befool, dupe [phrase]

to put an ape in a person's hoodc1330

to glaze one's houvec1369

to cough (a person) a daw, fool, momea1529

to make a fool of1534

to give (any one) the bobc1540

to lead (a person) a dancea1545

to make (someone) an ass1548

to make (a person) an ox1566

to play bob-fool witha1592

to sell any one a bargain1598

to put the fool on1649

to make a monkey (out) of1767

to play (a person) for a sucker (also fool, etc.)1869

to string (someone) along1902

to swing it on or across1923

c1330 Arth. & Merl. 814 Sche nere so michel ape That sche hir laid doun to slape At hir dore.

c1386 G. Chaucer Prioress's Prol. 6 The monk put in the mannes hood an ape And in his wyves eek, by seint Austyn.

c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 706 He made the person and the peple his apes.

1553 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Eneados iv. Prol. 21 Ȝour trew suardis, [bene] silly goddis apis.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. ix. sig. Ll5^v Thus was the ape, By their faire handling, put into Malbeccoes cape.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. ii. 195 Iollity for Apes, and greefe for Boyes.

1740 S. Richardson Pamela II. 154 That she should instigate the titled Ape her Husband to write to me.

5. sea ape n. the fish Squalus Vulpes, also called Sea Fox, and Thresher.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Pleurotremata > [noun] > member of family Alopiidae (sea-ape)

sea-fox1605

thresher1605

sea-ape1607

sea ape1607

sea dog-fish1611

thrasher1638

thrasher fish1658

long-tailed shark1776

thresher fish1817

fox-shark1828

swingle-tail1839

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 482 As the lion recouereth, by eating an Ape of the earth, so is the Dolphin cured by eating an Ape of the Sea.

1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 86 Sea Fox or Ape.

1861 J. Couch Hist. Fishes Brit. Islands I. 37 Sea ape = Thrasher.

6. to lead apes in hell: the fancied consequence of dying an old maid. to say an ape's paternoster: to chatter with cold.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > be cold [verb (intransitive)] > be cold or have sensation of cold > chatter with cold (of teeth)

chatter1537

hack1549

to say an ape's paternoster1578

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > unmarried person(s) > unmarried woman > [verb (intransitive)] > remain unmarried or be old maid

to lead apes in hell1578

to dance barefoota1616

1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 28 Rather thou shouldest leade a lyfe to thine owne lykeinge in earthe, then..leade Apes in Hell.

1605 London Prodigall i. 2 'Tis an old proverb, and you know it well, That women dying maids lead apes in hell.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Grelotter, To shake, tremble..say an Apes Pater-noster.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) ii. i. 34 She is your treasure..I must..for your loue to her, leade Apes in hell .

1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 1st Bk. Wks. xi. 54 He would flay the Fox, say the Apes Paternoster.

1718 S. Centlivre Bold Stroke for Wife ii. i. 14 Poor Girl,—she must certainly lead Apes, as the Saying is.

1830 T. P. Thompson in Westm. Rev. Jan. 146 Joining with other old women, in leading their apes in Tartarus.

†7. as adj. Foolish, silly. adv. Foolishly, sillily.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > giddiness, empty-headedness > [adjective]

idlec825

giddyc1000

volage?a1366

apec1370

foolisha1382

vain1390

idleful1483

volageous1487

glaikit1488

cock-brained1530

apish1532

empty1550

sillyc1555

frivolous?1563

tickle-headed1583

light-braineda1593

frothy1593

owlish1596

bird-witted1605

empty-headed1614

idle-headed1614

empty-pateda1628

marmosetical1630

grollish1637

feather-headed1647

nonsense1647

whirl-crowned1648

feather-brained1649

swimmering1650

soft-pated1651

weather-headeda1652

shuttlecock1660

drum-headed1664

chicken-brained1678

halokit1724

desipient1727

shatter-pated1727

scattered-brained1747

light-thoughted1777

scatter-brained1804

shandy-pated1806

hellicat1815

feather-pated1819

inane1819

weather-brained1826

bubble-headed1827

tomfoolish1838

bird-brained1892

tottle1894

fluffy1898

scatty1911

wandery1912

scattery1924

twitterpated1943

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > giddiness, empty-headedness > [adverb]

giddilya1250

ape1509

vainly1588

emptily1591

frivolously1611

frothily1727

owlishly1846

inanely1883

c1370 J. Wyclif Wks. (1879) 412 Many siche ape resouns han men herd aȝenus crist.

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. xlvi Some ar Ape dronke full of lawghter and of toyes Some mery dronke.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

ape-headed adj.

ΚΠ

1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam (ed. 4) 29 Ape-headed pullets, which invent Antique foole-fangles.

ape-like adj.

ΚΠ

1859 R. F. Burton in Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 29 314 The general aspect in old age..among the women, is hideously ape-like.

1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty 106 Any other faculty than the apelike one of imitation.

ape-mind n.

C2.

† ape-bearer n. Obsolete one who carried a monkey about for exhibition, a strolling buffoon.

ΚΠ

a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iii. 94 I know this man well, he hath bene since an Ape-bearer .

ape-carrier n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > performance of jester or comedian > [noun] > jester or comedian

jugglerc1175

foolc1300

jangler1303

fool sagec1330

ribald1340

ape-ward1362

japer1377

sage fool1377

harlotc1390

disporter?a1475

jocular?a1475

joculatora1500

jester?1518

idiot1526

scoffer1530

sporter1531

dizzardc1540

vice1552

antic1564

bauble-bearer1568

scoggin1579

buffoon1584

pleasant1595

zany1596

baladine1599

clown1600

fiddle1600

mimic1601

ape-carrier1615

mime1616

mime-man1631

merry man1648

tomfool1650

pickle-herring1656

badine1670

puddingc1675

merry-andrew1677

mimical1688

Tom Tram1688

Monaghan1689

pickled herring1711

ethologist1727

court-foola1797

Tom1817

mimer1819

fun-maker1835

funny man1839

mimester1846

comic1857

comedian1860

jokesman1882

comique1886

Joey1896

tummler1938

alternative comedian1981

Andrew-

1615 T. Overbury et al. New & Choise Characters with Wife (6th impr.) sig. M8^v There is nothing in the earth so pittifull, no not an Ape-carrier.

1631 B. Jonson New Inne v. v. 98 Iuglers, and Gipseys,..Colonies of beggars, Tumblers, Ape-carriers.

† ape-fox n. Obsolete ? the opossum.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Implacenta > subclass Marsupialia (marsupials) > [noun] > family Didelphidae (opossum)

ape-fox1594

fox-ape1594

opossum1610

possum1613

cerigo1708

pedimane1835

marsupial rat1863

1594 T. Blundeville Exercises v. f. 266^v Gesner calleth this beast an Ape-foxe, or a Foxe-ape.

† ape-keeper n. Obsolete = ape-bearer.

ΚΠ

1600 W. Cornwallis Ess. (1632) ii Let Ape-keepers, and Players catch the eares of their Auditory.

† ape-leader n. Obsolete an old maid, see 6.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > unmarried person(s) > unmarried woman > [noun] > elderly

old maid1530

old maiden1566

pussock1622

ape-leader1652

thornback1694

spinster1719

tabby1748

virgin1759

tea-bottle1909

1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew ii. sig. D3 I will rather hazard my being one of the Devil's Ape-leaders, then to marry while he is melancholly.

ape-ward n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > performance of jester or comedian > [noun] > jester or comedian

jugglerc1175

foolc1300

jangler1303

fool sagec1330

ribald1340

ape-ward1362

japer1377

sage fool1377

harlotc1390

disporter?a1475

jocular?a1475

joculatora1500

jester?1518

idiot1526

scoffer1530

sporter1531

dizzardc1540

vice1552

antic1564

bauble-bearer1568

scoggin1579

buffoon1584

pleasant1595

zany1596

baladine1599

clown1600

fiddle1600

mimic1601

ape-carrier1615

mime1616

mime-man1631

merry man1648

tomfool1650

pickle-herring1656

badine1670

puddingc1675

merry-andrew1677

mimical1688

Tom Tram1688

Monaghan1689

pickled herring1711

ethologist1727

court-foola1797

Tom1817

mimer1819

fun-maker1835

funny man1839

mimester1846

comic1857

comedian1860

jokesman1882

comique1886

Joey1896

tummler1938

alternative comedian1981

Andrew-

1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. vi. 119 ‘No,’ quaþ an Apeward ‘for nout þat I knowe.’

† ape-ware n. Obsolete counterfeit wares.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > merchandise > [noun] > counterfeit goods

ape-warec1230

St Martin's stuff1598

St Martin's ware1648

c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 126 Ne mei he bute schawin forð sumhwet of his eapeware.

Draft additions July 2009

apeshit adj. coarse slang crazed, infuriated, excited; mad, insane.Originally and frequently in to go apeshit: = to go ape at sense 2c.

ΚΠ

1955 Amer. Speech 30 117 [U.S. Air Force slang.] Go ape shit, react in an irrational manner; go into a frenzy.

1961 D. J. Plantz Sweeney Squadron xv. 212 If Captain Christiansen goes to base hospital, I'm riding next to this ape-shit bastard.

1976 New Society 7 Oct. 3/3 The kids go ‘ape-shit’—leaping high off the ground, as if on invisible pogo-sticks.

1991 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Sept. 244/1 All this stuff leaked to the press, and the Japanese were ape-shit.

2006 ‘A. Ant’ Stand & Deliver ix. 213 We bumped into him in the lobby of our hotel and he went apeshit at her for being with me.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	ape
释义	apen. Brit. /eɪp/, U.S. /eɪp/ Forms: Old English apa, Middle English hape, Middle English– ape. plural Old English apan, Middle English apen, Middle English– apes. Etymology: Old English apa (masculine), ape (feminine), cognate with Low German ape, Dutch aap, Old High German affo (masculine), affe (feminine), Middle High German affe, Old Norse api (Swedish apa). Probably an adopted word in Old Germanic; compare Old Irish apa, Welsh epa; Slavonic op-, in Old Bohemian op, Czech op-ec, Slovak op-itza. 1. An animal of the monkey tribe (Simiadæ); before the introduction of ‘monkey’ (16th cent.), the generic name, and still (since 1700) sometimes so used poetically or rhetorically, or when their uncouth resemblance to men and mimicry of human action is the main idea (due to reaction of the verb ape upon the noun whence it was formed). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > monkey apea700 mercat1481 jackanapesa1529 monkey1530 pug1598 puggy1662 meerkat1801 monkey-man1819 monk1841 simian1861 Moloch1929 a700 Epinal Gloss. 827 in H. Sweet Oldest Eng. Texts Phitecus, apa. c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 366 Wið apan bite oððe mannes, smyre mid fearres geallan. c1300 K. Alis. 6464 Visage after martyn apen: Folke heo buth, ful eovel y-schapen! 1366 Mandeville's Trav. xxii. 239 Babewynes, apes, marmesettes, and othere dyverse bestes. a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2299 Wilde beris & apes. c1400 Rom. Rose 6839 Make I not wel tumble myn apes? ?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 759/24 Hec simia, a hape. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Isa. xiii. D Estriches shal dwell there, & Apes [1611 Satyres] shal daunse there. 1539 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Prouerbes sig. E.vii^v The fayreste of Apes is fowle. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xix. 168 Prouerbe. An ape wilbe an ape, by kinde as they say, Though that ye clad him all in purple array. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Femme Euerie Ape thinkes her puppie the fairest. a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. 247 Apes With foreheads villanous low. View more context for this quotation 1650 N. Ward Discolliminium 5 The Proverb, A guilty conscience is as afraid of a feather, as an Apes tayl of a whip. 1728 A. Pope Dunciad i. 226 Less human genius than God gives an ape. 1857 H. G. Bohn Handbk. Prov. 310 An Ape's an ape; a varlet's a varlet; Though they be clad in silk or scarlet. 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise I. 377 Quick-chattering apes, that yet in mockery Of anxious men wrinkle their ugly brows. 2. a. spec. A member of the Simiadæ, having no tail nor cheek-pouches; including the gorilla, chimpanzee, orangutan, and gibbons. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > group Catarrhinae (Old World monkey) > member of superfamily Hominoidea (apes and humans) > family Pongidae (ape) babiona1529 jackanapes1528 Johnanapes1633 man-monkey1651 ape1699 pygmy1699 Simia1719 great ape1771 anthropoid1861 pithecoid1874 man-ape1878 pongid1949 pithecine1962 1699 E. Tyson (title) Orang-outang sive Homo Sylvestris. Or, The anatomy of a pygmie compared with that of a monkey, an ape, and a man. 1764 T. Williams in Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. (at cited word) The ape, properly so called, is without a tail. 1834 Penny Cycl. II. 144 We say that an ape is a monkey without a tail, and a baboon a monkey with a short tail, reserving the term monkey more particularly for those species which have very long tails; and though our early writers use these three words indiscriminately..yet the significations here given have generally prevailed since the time of Ray, and are now exclusively adopted. 1859 C. Darwin Origin of Species vii. 181 Why have not apes acquired the intellectual powers of man? b. to play the ape (referring to the way in which these animals mimic human form and gestures): to imitate, esp. in an inferior or spurious manner, to counterfeit, mimic the reality. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (intransitive)] > apishly to play the ape1579 to ape ita1658 1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 343/1 He playeth the Ape, and counterfeteth what God hath ordeined for our saluation. 1648 N. Ward To Parl. at Westm. 23 Themselves may..play the Apes in Pulpits. c. Used quasi-adverbially in to go ape (slang, originally U.S.), to go ‘crazy’; to become excited, violent, sexually aggressive, etc.; to display strong enthusiasm or appreciation; also, to malfunction. See American Speech (1961) XXXVI. 150 for an account of the phrase's development. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > riotous excitement > behave with riotous excitement [verb (intransitive)] rehayte1526 tear1602 to play up1849 to whoop things up1873 to raise sand1892 to raise (also kick up, play, etc.) merry hell1931 to go ape1955 to go (also drive) bananas1957 the world > action or operation > manner of action > [verb (intransitive)] > operate in a faulty manner misperform1656 misbehave1851 to act up1887 malfunction1941 to go ape1985 1955 Amer. Speech 30 117 [Air Force slang] Go ape; go ape shit, v. phr., react in an irrational manner; go into a frenzy. 1962 Datamation Feb. 31/1 Here is a great chance to go ape, for if the formats of cards are manifold, those of paper tape are megafold. 1963 D. B. Hughes Expendable Man i. 23 I go ape over Johnny Mathis. 1966 ‘T. Wells’ Matter of Love & Death vi. 63 I'm just keeping busy. I've been going ape with nothing to do. 1974 Sunday Sun (Brisbane) 4 Aug. 28/5 The local Shire Council has gone ape over the song, Laidley Where The Green Grass Grows, and they're launching it at a gala licensed cabaret in the Shire Hall on August 23. 1985 Sunday Times 10 Mar. 56/6 Brian Phelan's play..is about..a secret government computer centre that's gone ape... Its minders appear to have launched into freelance crime. 3. Hence figurative. One who ‘plays the ape’; an imitator, a mimic. a. contemptuously or derisively. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > silly imitation > one who ape?c1225 monkey1589 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 182 Lachȝeð þe alde ape [sc. the devil] lude tobismere. 1561 J. Daus tr. H. Bullinger Hundred Serm. vpon Apocalips ci. 695 Antichrist, the Ape of our lord Christ. 1592 Greenes Groats-worth of Witte sig. F^v Let those Apes imitate your past excellence. 1607 S. Hieron Spirituall Sonne-ship in Wks. (1620) I. 360 The diuell is Gods ape, and seekes to counterfeit Him almost in euery thing. 1780 H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Painting (ed. 2) IV. vii. 142 Every genius has his apes. 1855 H. Rogers Ess. II. vii. 332 This spurious liberalism, which is but a ridiculous ape of charity. †b. in a good or neutral sense. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > [noun] > one who or that which imitates followera1398 imitator1523 counterfeiter1526 counterfeitress1577 ape1594 imitatrix1606 emulator1652 figurer1665 mime1677 copier1679 copist1682 mimicker1693 copyist1756 mimic1791 polygraph1794 polygraphic1797 polygrapher1810 echoer1823 imitatressa1834 me-too1886 copycat1896 1594 R. Carew tr. J. Huarte Exam. Mens Wits iv. 51 The wise and discreet is the Ape of God. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 12 The Poets with their Apes, the Painters, Limmers, and Caruers. a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) ii. ii. 31 O sleepe, thou Ape of death, lye dull vpon her. View more context for this quotation 1650 E. Ashmole Arcanum in A. Dee Fasciculus Chem. (ed. 3) 201 Philosophy, which is the Ape of Nature. †4. transferred. A fool. Cf. God's ape n. at god n. and int. Compounds 2c. to make (a person) one's ape, to put an ape in a person's hood, to befool or dupe a person. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > foolish person, fool > [noun] dizzyc825 cang?c1225 foolc1225 apec1330 mopc1330 saddle-goosec1346 mis-feelinga1382 foltc1390 mopec1390 fona1400 buffardc1430 fopc1440 joppec1440 fonda1450 fondlinga1450 insipienta1513 plume of feathers1530 bobolynec1540 dizzard1546 Little Witham?1548 nodc1563 dawkin1565 cocknel1566 nigion1570 niddicock1577 nodcock1577 cuckoo1581 Jack with the feather1581 niddipol1582 noddyship?1589 stirkc1590 fonkin1591 Gibraltar1593 fopper1598 noddypeak1598 coxcombry1600 simple1600 gowka1605 nup1607 fooliaminy1608 silly ass1608 dosser-head1612 dor1616 glow-worm1624 liripipea1625 doodle1629 sop1637 spalt1639 fool's head1650 buffle1655 Jack Adams1656 bufflehead1659 nincompoopc1668 bavian1678 nokes1679 foolanea1681 cod1699 hulver-head1699 nigmenog1699 single ten1699 mud1703 dowf1722 foolatum1740 silly billy1749 tommy noddy1774 arsec1785 nincom1800 silly1807 slob1810 omadhaun1818 potwalloper1820 mosy1824 amadan1825 gump1825 gype1825 oonchook1825 prawn1845 suck-egg1851 goosey1852 nowmun1854 pelican1856 poppy-show1860 buggerlugs1861 damfool1881 mudhead1882 yob1886 peanut head1891 haggis bag1892 poop1893 gazob1906 mush1906 wump1908 zob1911 gorm1912 goof1916 goofus1916 gubbins1916 dumb cluck1922 twat1922 B.F.1925 goofer1925 bird brain1926 berk1929 Berkeley1929 Berkeley Hunt1929 ding1929 loogan1929 stupido1929 poop-stick1930 nelly1931 droop1932 diddy1933 slappy1937 goof ball1938 get1940 poon1940 tonk1941 clot1942 yuck1943 possum1945 gobdaw1947 momo1953 nig-nog1953 plonker1955 weenie1956 nong-nong1959 Berkshire Hunt1960 balloon1965 doofus1965 dork1965 nana1965 shit-for-brains1966 schmoll1967 tosspot1967 lunchbox1969 doof1971 tonto1973 dorkus1979 motorhead1979 mouth-breather1979 wally1980 wally brain1981 der-brain1983 langer1983 numpty1985 sotong1988 fanny1995 fannybaws2000 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > cheating, fraud > duping, making a fool of > befool, dupe [phrase] to put an ape in a person's hoodc1330 to glaze one's houvec1369 to cough (a person) a daw, fool, momea1529 to make a fool of1534 to give (any one) the bobc1540 to lead (a person) a dancea1545 to make (someone) an ass1548 to make (a person) an ox1566 to play bob-fool witha1592 to sell any one a bargain1598 to put the fool on1649 to make a monkey (out) of1767 to play (a person) for a sucker (also fool, etc.)1869 to string (someone) along1902 to swing it on or across1923 c1330 Arth. & Merl. 814 Sche nere so michel ape That sche hir laid doun to slape At hir dore. c1386 G. Chaucer Prioress's Prol. 6 The monk put in the mannes hood an ape And in his wyves eek, by seint Austyn. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 706 He made the person and the peple his apes. 1553 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Eneados iv. Prol. 21 Ȝour trew suardis, [bene] silly goddis apis. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. ix. sig. Ll5^v Thus was the ape, By their faire handling, put into Malbeccoes cape. a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. ii. 195 Iollity for Apes, and greefe for Boyes. View more context for this quotation 1740 S. Richardson Pamela II. 154 That she should instigate the titled Ape her Husband to write to me. 5. sea ape n. the fish Squalus Vulpes, also called Sea Fox, and Thresher. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Pleurotremata > [noun] > member of family Alopiidae (sea-ape) sea-fox1605 thresher1605 sea-ape1607 sea ape1607 sea dog-fish1611 thrasher1638 thrasher fish1658 long-tailed shark1776 thresher fish1817 fox-shark1828 swingle-tail1839 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 482 As the lion recouereth, by eating an Ape of the earth, so is the Dolphin cured by eating an Ape of the Sea. 1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 86 Sea Fox or Ape. 1861 J. Couch Hist. Fishes Brit. Islands I. 37 Sea ape = Thrasher. 6. to lead apes in hell: the fancied consequence of dying an old maid. to say an ape's paternoster: to chatter with cold. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > be cold [verb (intransitive)] > be cold or have sensation of cold > chatter with cold (of teeth) chatter1537 hack1549 to say an ape's paternoster1578 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > unmarried person(s) > unmarried woman > [verb (intransitive)] > remain unmarried or be old maid to lead apes in hell1578 to dance barefoota1616 1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 28 Rather thou shouldest leade a lyfe to thine owne lykeinge in earthe, then..leade Apes in Hell. 1605 London Prodigall i. 2 'Tis an old proverb, and you know it well, That women dying maids lead apes in hell. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Grelotter, To shake, tremble..say an Apes Pater-noster. a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) ii. i. 34 She is your treasure..I must..for your loue to her, leade Apes in hell . View more context for this quotation 1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 1st Bk. Wks. xi. 54 He would flay the Fox, say the Apes Paternoster. 1718 S. Centlivre Bold Stroke for Wife ii. i. 14 Poor Girl,—she must certainly lead Apes, as the Saying is. 1830 T. P. Thompson in Westm. Rev. Jan. 146 Joining with other old women, in leading their apes in Tartarus. †7. as adj. Foolish, silly. adv. Foolishly, sillily. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > giddiness, empty-headedness > [adjective] idlec825 giddyc1000 volage?a1366 apec1370 foolisha1382 vain1390 idleful1483 volageous1487 glaikit1488 cock-brained1530 apish1532 empty1550 sillyc1555 frivolous?1563 tickle-headed1583 light-braineda1593 frothy1593 owlish1596 bird-witted1605 empty-headed1614 idle-headed1614 empty-pateda1628 marmosetical1630 grollish1637 feather-headed1647 nonsense1647 whirl-crowned1648 feather-brained1649 swimmering1650 soft-pated1651 weather-headeda1652 shuttlecock1660 drum-headed1664 chicken-brained1678 halokit1724 desipient1727 shatter-pated1727 scattered-brained1747 light-thoughted1777 scatter-brained1804 shandy-pated1806 hellicat1815 feather-pated1819 inane1819 weather-brained1826 bubble-headed1827 tomfoolish1838 bird-brained1892 tottle1894 fluffy1898 scatty1911 wandery1912 scattery1924 twitterpated1943 the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > giddiness, empty-headedness > [adverb] giddilya1250 ape1509 vainly1588 emptily1591 frivolously1611 frothily1727 owlishly1846 inanely1883 c1370 J. Wyclif Wks. (1879) 412 Many siche ape resouns han men herd aȝenus crist. 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. xlvi Some ar Ape dronke full of lawghter and of toyes Some mery dronke. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. ape-headed adj. ΚΠ 1647 N. Ward Simple Cobler Aggawam (ed. 4) 29 Ape-headed pullets, which invent Antique foole-fangles. ape-like adj. ΚΠ 1859 R. F. Burton in Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 29 314 The general aspect in old age..among the women, is hideously ape-like. 1859 J. S. Mill On Liberty 106 Any other faculty than the apelike one of imitation. b. ape-mind n. C2. † ape-bearer n. Obsolete one who carried a monkey about for exhibition, a strolling buffoon. ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) iv. iii. 94 I know this man well, he hath bene since an Ape-bearer . View more context for this quotation ape-carrier n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > performance of jester or comedian > [noun] > jester or comedian jugglerc1175 foolc1300 jangler1303 fool sagec1330 ribald1340 ape-ward1362 japer1377 sage fool1377 harlotc1390 disporter?a1475 jocular?a1475 joculatora1500 jester?1518 idiot1526 scoffer1530 sporter1531 dizzardc1540 vice1552 antic1564 bauble-bearer1568 scoggin1579 buffoon1584 pleasant1595 zany1596 baladine1599 clown1600 fiddle1600 mimic1601 ape-carrier1615 mime1616 mime-man1631 merry man1648 tomfool1650 pickle-herring1656 badine1670 puddingc1675 merry-andrew1677 mimical1688 Tom Tram1688 Monaghan1689 pickled herring1711 ethologist1727 court-foola1797 Tom1817 mimer1819 fun-maker1835 funny man1839 mimester1846 comic1857 comedian1860 jokesman1882 comique1886 Joey1896 tummler1938 alternative comedian1981 Andrew- 1615 T. Overbury et al. New & Choise Characters with Wife (6th impr.) sig. M8^v There is nothing in the earth so pittifull, no not an Ape-carrier. 1631 B. Jonson New Inne v. v. 98 Iuglers, and Gipseys,..Colonies of beggars, Tumblers, Ape-carriers. † ape-fox n. Obsolete ? the opossum. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Implacenta > subclass Marsupialia (marsupials) > [noun] > family Didelphidae (opossum) ape-fox1594 fox-ape1594 opossum1610 possum1613 cerigo1708 pedimane1835 marsupial rat1863 1594 T. Blundeville Exercises v. f. 266^v Gesner calleth this beast an Ape-foxe, or a Foxe-ape. † ape-keeper n. Obsolete = ape-bearer. ΚΠ 1600 W. Cornwallis Ess. (1632) ii Let Ape-keepers, and Players catch the eares of their Auditory. † ape-leader n. Obsolete an old maid, see 6. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > unmarried person(s) > unmarried woman > [noun] > elderly old maid1530 old maiden1566 pussock1622 ape-leader1652 thornback1694 spinster1719 tabby1748 virgin1759 tea-bottle1909 1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew ii. sig. D3 I will rather hazard my being one of the Devil's Ape-leaders, then to marry while he is melancholly. ape-ward n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > performance of jester or comedian > [noun] > jester or comedian jugglerc1175 foolc1300 jangler1303 fool sagec1330 ribald1340 ape-ward1362 japer1377 sage fool1377 harlotc1390 disporter?a1475 jocular?a1475 joculatora1500 jester?1518 idiot1526 scoffer1530 sporter1531 dizzardc1540 vice1552 antic1564 bauble-bearer1568 scoggin1579 buffoon1584 pleasant1595 zany1596 baladine1599 clown1600 fiddle1600 mimic1601 ape-carrier1615 mime1616 mime-man1631 merry man1648 tomfool1650 pickle-herring1656 badine1670 puddingc1675 merry-andrew1677 mimical1688 Tom Tram1688 Monaghan1689 pickled herring1711 ethologist1727 court-foola1797 Tom1817 mimer1819 fun-maker1835 funny man1839 mimester1846 comic1857 comedian1860 jokesman1882 comique1886 Joey1896 tummler1938 alternative comedian1981 Andrew- 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. vi. 119 ‘No,’ quaþ an Apeward ‘for nout þat I knowe.’ † ape-ware n. Obsolete counterfeit wares. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > merchandise > [noun] > counterfeit goods ape-warec1230 St Martin's stuff1598 St Martin's ware1648 c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 126 Ne mei he bute schawin forð sumhwet of his eapeware. Draft additions July 2009 apeshit adj. coarse slang crazed, infuriated, excited; mad, insane.Originally and frequently in to go apeshit: = to go ape at sense 2c. ΚΠ 1955 Amer. Speech 30 117 [U.S. Air Force slang.] Go ape shit, react in an irrational manner; go into a frenzy. 1961 D. J. Plantz Sweeney Squadron xv. 212 If Captain Christiansen goes to base hospital, I'm riding next to this ape-shit bastard. 1976 New Society 7 Oct. 3/3 The kids go ‘ape-shit’—leaping high off the ground, as if on invisible pogo-sticks. 1991 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Sept. 244/1 All this stuff leaked to the press, and the Japanese were ape-shit. 2006 ‘A. Ant’ Stand & Deliver ix. 213 We bumped into him in the lobby of our hotel and he went apeshit at her for being with me. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2022). apev. Brit. /eɪp/, U.S. /eɪp/ Etymology: < ape n. 1. To imitate, mimic: a. pretentiously, irrationally, or absurdly. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (transitive)] > ape, mock, or mimic apize1598 zany1602 imitate1613 mocka1616 apea1640 monkeya1658 mimic1687 a1640 P. Massinger City-Madam (1658) iv. iv. 43 Why should you ape The fashions of Court-Ladies? 1713 J. Addison Cato i. ii Curse on the Stripling! how he apes his Sire! 1751 S. Johnson Rambler No. 179. ⁋3 When they assume the dignity of knowledge, or ape the sprightliness of wit. 1867 G. MacDonald Ann. Quiet Neighbourhood I. x. 289 That foolish emulation which makes one class ape another from afar. b. in a good or neutral sense. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (transitive)] evenlecheOE resemble?c1400 imitate1534 sequest1567 succeed1577 act1599 pattern1601 similize1606 like1613 echoa1616 sample1616 ape1634 transcribe1646 copy1648 copy1649 mime1728 borrowa1847 to make likea1881 replicate1915 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 15 The women imitate (or Ape) the men. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Staff. 38 Alabaster..which Apes Ivory in the whiteness and smoothness thereof. 1663 G. Mackenzie Religio Stoici 111 Art, which is man's offspring, doth ape nature. 1835 J. Ross Narr. Second Voy. North-west Passage xvi. 252 Aping the appearance of the animal. 2. to ape it: to play the ape, mimic the reality. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (intransitive)] > apishly to play the ape1579 to ape ita1658 a1658 J. Cleveland Definition of Protector 2 What's a Protector? He's a stately Thing, That Apes it in the Non-age of a King. 1672 T. Jacombe Several Serm. Rom. viii. 502 The Devil, who loves to ape it after God. 1683 W. Kennett tr. Erasmus Witt against Wisdom 81 One apes it about in the streets, to court popularity. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a700v.1634
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apen.

Compounds

Draft additions July 2009

apev.