hemn.¹

Brit.

/hɛm/, U.S.

/hɛm/,

/h(ə)m/

Forms: Also Middle English hemm, hemn, Middle English heme, Middle English–1600s hemme, 1500s hembe.

Etymology: Old English hem(m , recorded in one vocabulary, and not found in the other older Germanic languages; but North Frisian has heam ‘hem, edge, border’, and Frisian a diminutive hämel . Apparently from the same root as ham n.², and NorthGer. hamm enclosure; the radical sense being ‘border’.

a. The border or edging of a piece of cloth or article of apparel. In earlier times including a fringe or other marginal trimming.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > border or hem

hemc1000

urlinga1300

suburba1658

cadging1674

Milan edge1897

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > ornamental textiles > ornamental trimmings > [noun] > bordering or edging

fasc950

wloc950

hemc1000

hemminga1300

borderc1374

mill1388

purfling1388

orphrey?a1425

wainc1440

millc1450

selvage1481

edge1502

bordering1530

screed1788

German hemming1838

c1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 125/13 Limbus, stemning, uel hem.

c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 3664 Men miȝt wade ouer þe scho hem In þe blod þat of hem kem.

c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 59 If y touche þe hemn of þe cote of Jesus.

1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Deut. xxii. 12 Litil cordis in the hemmes thow shalt make bi foure corners of thi mantil.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xxiii. 5 Thei alargen her filateries..and magnyfie hemmys.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21136 Qua rin moght titest on his hemm [Trin. Cambr. who myȝte furste touche his hem].

1483 Cath. Angl. 182/2 Hem (A. hemmes), fimbria, limbus, limbulus, lacinia, ora.

?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. B.i^v As sone as the hemme is tore The sho is lost for euer more.

1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Bvj Y^e hemme or edge of his cloke is beset with all maner of..Iewelles.

1833 H. Martineau Three Ages iii. 85 The country was chalky, and whitened the hems of her petticoats.

1846 R. C. Trench Notes Miracles vii. 189 This hem, or blue fringe on the borders of the garment, was put there by divine command.

†b. By extension: the skirt of a tunic or gown.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > robe or gown > parts of

hemc1275

lapc1300

skirtc1330

fentc1430

amyta1450

upper-bodying1502

gorea1529

fox-fur1598

robing1727

lappet1734

robin1750

sack1775

clavus1842

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2492 Heo nom hire on anne curtel..hire hem heo up i-tæh.

c1275 Luue Ron 167 in Old Eng. Misc. 98 Þe hwile þu hyne [mayden-hod] witest vnder þine hemme Þu ert swetture þan eny spis.

14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 679/8 Hoc gremium, a heme.

2. spec. A border made on a piece of cloth by doubling or turning in the edge itself, and sewing it down, so as to strengthen it or prevent ravelling, as in a handkerchief or a tablecloth; a piece of hemming.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > sewing or work sewn > hem

hem1665

slot1796

French hem1863

whip-hem1866

harem hem1920

1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 141 The upper side of the leaf, that by a kind of hem or doubling of the leaf appears on this side.

1739 J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. lx. 210 I took the Hem of a Piece of..Linnen.

1758 S. Johnson Idler 8 July 105 Molly asked me, the other day, whether Ireland was in France, and was ordered by her mother to mend her hem.

1842 Father Oswald 145 I..wear Spectacles..only when I am doing open hem by candlelight.

1877 W. C. Bryant Song of Sower in Poems v By whom the busy thread, Along the garment's even hem And winding seam is led.

†3. The edge, border, rim, margin of anything.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > [noun]

brerdc1000

hemc1200

barmc1340

cantc1375

margina1382

boardc1400

borderc1400

brinkc1420

edgea1450

verge1459

brim1525

rind1530

margent1538

abuttal1545

marge1551

skirt1566

lip1592

skirt1598

limb1704

phylactery1715

rim1745

rand1829

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 25 Swo diȝeliche [he] hit al dihte þat on elche feinge is hem onsene.

?a1400 Morte Arth. 1648 Hovande one þe hye waye by þe holte hemmes.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 1000 Iasper hyȝt þe fyrst gemme..He glente grene in þe lowest hemme.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) v. v. 67 Timon is dead, Entomb'd vpon the very hemme o' th' Sea.

1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 82 Imagine we now two Angels..over against each other, in the hem or rim of the world.

figurative.a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry IV ccclxxxvii, in Poems (1878) IV. 97 The Refractions of his Spirit Gild Only the Hemme of Life.1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 39 Knowledge stands on my experience: all outside its narrow hem, Free surmise may sport and welcome!

4. In technical uses:

†a. A socket at the head of a still or the end of a length of pipe, etc., which serves to receive the end of a tube or pipe. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > [noun] > a receding part > socket

base?c1335

mortisec1390

socket1448

hem1559

mortise hole1585

sock1803

shoe1858

bayonet-socket1892

1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 53 A blynde limbek is that which hath no nose nor beake, nor limbe or hembe.

1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 195 The Joint [of a pipe] which is made with a Hem, or Collar is secured with Mastick and Hemp.

b. The partition which divides the hearth from the fireplace in a reverberatory furnace; the firebridge.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > walls or barriers in furnaces

fireback1566

spirit-plate1686

hem1693

fire bridge1821

bridge1823

water bridge1837

furnace-bridge1874

1693 G. Pooley in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 676 A Hearth..divided from the Oven it self by a Hem or Partition made open at the top.

1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II The Ovens wherein..Calamine is baked, have..a Partition open at the Top, by which the Flame passes over, and so..bakes the Calamine. This partition is called the Hem.

c. The outer edge of a millstone.

ΚΠ

1802 Trans. Soc. Arts 20 275 Each millstone is..eleven inches thick in the hem, and thirteen at the eye.

d. Architecture. (See quot. 1823.)

ΚΠ

1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 586 Hem, the projecting and spiral parts of the Ionic capital.

Compounds

hem-line n. the outline of the hem, hence the height from the ground, of a woman's skirt.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > border or hem > outline of

hem-line1923

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > clothing for lower body > skirt > height from ground

hem-line1923

1923 T. Eaton & Co. Catal. Spring–Summer 34 The modish uneven hemline.

1927 Vanity Fair Sept. 4/3 Liberty of opinion, in skirt lengths, hemlines, waistlines,..was convincingly demonstrated.

1929 Daily Tel. 16 Jan. 8/4 It is admitted that the hem lines of 1928 changed the whole contour of the evening mode as they flounced and floated in uneven length to the ground.

1957 New Yorker 30 Mar. 98/3 This year, she puts a minute and completely absurd circular godet, only three inches deep, at the hemline in front—to allow for striding, they say.

1958 T.V. Times 10 Oct. 21/2 Other girls put up their hem-lines a couple of inches as Paris dictates.

1971 R. Garrett Spiral x. 94 She fidgeted with the hemline of her skirt.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

hemv.¹

Forms: Also Middle English hemne, Middle English–1600s hemme, hemm, 1600s hemb.

Etymology: < hem n.¹ Not known before 15th cent. Sense 3 is usually taken to be the same word, though this is not certain. Quot. 1582 approaches the sense of German hemmen.

1. transitive. To edge or border (a garment or cloth); to decorate with a border, fringe, or the like.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (transitive)] > border or edge

purfle?c1325

dagc1386

hem14..

cadge1530

passement1539

pounce1542

vandyke1828

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > trim > border or edge

hem14..

guard?1499

beguard1640

14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 599/25 Orare, to hemny.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 235/2 Hemmyn garmentys, limbo, fimbrio.

1486 Bk. St. Albans, Her. D j a Here folowis an odir cros hemyt or borderit.

c1540 Pilgrim's Tale 175 in F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) App. i. 82 With a blak fryng hemyd al about.

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke vi. (R.) Walkyng vp and downe in hys habite garded hemmed with hys brode phylacteries.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. iii. sig. P2^v All the skirt about Was hemd with golden fringe.

1666 J. Davies tr. C. de Rochefort Hist. Caribby-Islands 114 The ends of the sleeves..and the bottom of it are hemm'd in with a very thin black skin.

2. To turn in and sew down the edge of (a piece of stuff). intransitive. To do the particular kind of sewing which is used in this operation.

ΘΚΠ

hem1530

thimble1834

buttonhole1851

to stitch away1853

purfle1890

prick-stitch1933

zigzag1950

hem1530

behem1567

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 583/1 I hemme a shyrte or a smocke..Hemme my kercher, I praye you.

1758 B. Thornton Idler 22 July 121 She is..hemming a towel.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1775 I. 483 [Johnson:] A man would not submit to learn to hem a ruffle, of his wife, or his wife's maid.

1839 T. Hood I'm not Single Man iv, in Hood's Own 123/1 One used to stitch a collar then, Another hemmed a frill.

1875 L. S. Floyer Plain Needlework 13 These pieces should be hemmed on each side, thus making twelve yards of hemming.

intransitive.1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset I. xxiii. 194 [She] sat..hemming diligently at certain articles of clothing.figurative.1665 J. Spencer Disc. Prodigies (ed. 2) 202 The contexture of this Discourse will..be the less subject to ravel out, if I hem it with the Speech of our learned..Annotator.

3. To confine or bound by an environment of any kind; to enclose, shut in, limit, restrain, imprison. Now rarely without adverb complement, most usually in, also about, round, up; hem out, to shut out.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclosing or confining > enclose or confine [verb (transitive)]

pena1200

bebar?c1225

loukc1275

beshuta1300

parc1300

to shut in1398

to close inc1400

parrockc1400

pinc1400

steekc1400

lock?a1425

includec1425

key?a1439

spare?c1450

enferme1481

terminea1500

bebay1511

imprisona1533

besetc1534

hema1552

ram1567

warda1586

closet1589

pound1589

seclude1598

confine1600

i-pend1600

uptie1600

pinfold1605

boundify1606

incoop1608

to round in1609

ring1613

to buckle ina1616

embounda1616

swathe1624

hain1636

coopa1660

to sheathe up1661

stivea1722

cloister1723

span1844

society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > confinement > confine [verb (transitive)]

beloukOE

loukOE

sparc1175

pena1200

bepen?c1225

pind?c1225

prison?c1225

spearc1300

stopc1315

restraina1325

aclosec1350

forbara1375

reclosea1382

ward1390

enclose1393

locka1400

reclusea1400

pinc1400

sparc1430

hamperc1440

umbecastc1440

murea1450

penda1450

mew?c1450

to shut inc1460

encharter1484

to shut up1490

bara1500

hedge1549

hema1552

impound1562

strain1566

chamber1568

to lock up1568

coop1570

incarcerate1575

cage1577

mew1581

kennel1582

coop1583

encagea1586

pound1589

imprisonc1595

encloister1596

button1598

immure1598

seclude1598

uplock1600

stow1602

confine1603

jail1604

hearse1608

bail1609

hasp1620

cub1621

secure1621

incarcera1653

fasten1658

to keep up1673

nun1753

mope1765

quarantine1804

peg1824

penfold1851

encoop1867

oubliette1884

jigger1887

corral1890

maroon1904

to bang up1950

to lock down1971

a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) III. 10 A Creeke of Salt Water..hemmith in a peace of Mr. Reskymer's Parke.

1580 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David v. v Thy work it is such men safe in to hemm With kindest care.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil Diuise in tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis 93 The northen frostye gale hemd the riuer.

1594 C. Marlowe & T. Nashe Dido ii. i His band of Myrmidons..which hemm'd me about.

1640 G. Sandys tr. H. Grotius Christs Passion iii. 259 Late hemb'd with Auditors whose store Incumbred the too-narrow Shore.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 979 Th' Angelic Squadron..began to hemm him round With ported Spears.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 298 On ev'ry side..hemm'd with warlike Foes.

1788 W. Cowper Let. 6 July (1982) III. 193 You will find it pleasant..at least not to be hemm'd around by business.

1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge lxii. 296 The angle of the wall into which I had hemmed him.

1876 R. F. Burton Two Trips Gorilla Land I. 166 The tall black trees which hem in the village.

1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 133 The Carthaginians were..hemmed up in the north-western corner of the island.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

hemv.²

Etymology: < hem int.

a. intransitive. To utter the sound described under hem int.; to give a short sharp cough as a signal, etc.; to clear the throat; to stammer or hesitate in speech; to express disapproval of a speaker by factitious coughing.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > defective or inarticulate speech > speak inarticulately or with a defect [verb (intransitive)] > stammer or speak hesitantly

stammerc1000

wlaffe1025

stotec1325

humc1374

mafflea1387

stut1388

rattlea1398

famble14..

mammera1425

drotec1440

falterc1440

stackerc1440

hem1470

wallowa1475

tattle1481

mant1506

happer1519

trip1526

hobblea1529

hack1553

stagger1565

faffle1570

stutter1570

hem and hawk1588

ha1604

hammer1619

titubate1623

haw1632

fork1652

hacker1652

lispc1680

hesitate1706

balbutiate1731

haffle1790

hotter1828

stutter1831

ah1853

catch1889

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > other vocal sounds > [verb (intransitive)] > hem

hem1470

hem and hawk1588

harrumph1936

1470–85 [implied in: T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xi. viii She coughed soo lowde that syre launcelot awaked and he knew her hemynge. (at hemming n.²)].

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 583/1 I hemme, I coughe, je tousse. Whan you here me hemme, than come.

1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 62 Hackyng and hemmyng as though our wittes and our senses were a woll gatheryng.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. v. 5 She speakes much of her father..and hems, and beates her hart.

a1612 J. Harington Epigrams (1618) ii. 25 His tongue so vainely did and idly chatter, The people nought but hem, & cough, and spatter.

1679 Trials Green, Berry, & Hill for Murder of Sir E. Godfrey 19 Some body hem'd, and that was the Sign.

1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 155. ⁋2 I heard some body at a Distance hemming after me.

1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. xvi. 93 I arose; the man hemming up for a speech, rising, and beginning to set his splay-feet..in an approaching posture.

1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre II. v. 128 Jane, if any one is about, come to the foot of the stairs and hem.

b. In combination, as hem and hawk, hem and haw, hem and ha. Cf. hum and haw at haw v.¹, to hum and haw at hum v.¹ 2c.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > disapprove [verb (intransitive)] > express disapproval by sound or exclamation

hoota1225

hissa1425

hem and hawk1588

catcall1735

cluck1821

tut1832

fie-fie1836

boo1855

harrumph1936

tsk-tsk1966

steups1967

the mind > language > speech > defective or inarticulate speech > speak inarticulately or with a defect [verb (intransitive)] > stammer or speak hesitantly

stammerc1000

wlaffe1025

stotec1325

humc1374

mafflea1387

stut1388

rattlea1398

famble14..

mammera1425

drotec1440

falterc1440

stackerc1440

hem1470

wallowa1475

tattle1481

mant1506

happer1519

trip1526

hobblea1529

hack1553

stagger1565

faffle1570

stutter1570

hem and hawk1588

ha1604

hammer1619

titubate1623

haw1632

fork1652

hacker1652

lispc1680

hesitate1706

balbutiate1731

haffle1790

hotter1828

stutter1831

ah1853

catch1889

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > other vocal sounds > [verb (intransitive)] > hem

hem1470

hem and hawk1588

harrumph1936

1588 G. Babington Profitable Expos. Lords Prayer i. 109 Wee gape and wee yawne, we hem and we hawke.

1604 T. Dekker & T. Middleton Honest Whore iv. iii. 34 Not so much as a Bee, he did not hum: not so much as a bawd he did not hem: not so much as a Cuckold he did not ha: neither hum, hem, nor ha, onely starde me in the face.

1786 F. Burney Lett. 16 Oct. I hemmed and hawed—but the Queen stopped reading.

1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple III. xxiii. 305 You would have done better, to have hemmed or hawed, so as to let your officers know that you were present.

1855 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes II. xxxi. 285 The old Colonel..hems and hahs, and repeats himself a good deal.

†2. transitive. To utter or read out or over with frequent hems or coughs. hem in: to throw in or interject with a hem. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > defective or inarticulate speech > utter inarticulately [verb (transitive)] > utter hesitantly or stammer

hem1553

mant1568

stammer1587

to hack out1602

stammer1608

fribblea1627

lisp1627

stutter1655

hesitate1734

to falter forth or out1762

hobble1813

falter1851

1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 117 b Some coughes at euery woorde. Some hemmes it out.

a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Fj Then folow me, and hemme in a worde now and then.

1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. xv. 128 Their Matines were hem'd over only with three Lessons.

3. To remove, clear away with a hem or cough. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > other vocal sounds > [verb (transitive)] > remove by hemming

hema1616

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > respiratory spasms > have respiratory spasm [verb (transitive)] > cough up or out

hoast?1507

hema1616

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) i. iii. 18 Ros. These burs are in my heart. Cel. Hem them away.

1800 E. Hervey Mourtray Family III. 201 Emma..tried in vain to hem away a rising sigh.

Derivatives

ˈhemming adj.

ΚΠ

1605 C. Tourneur Laugh & lie Downe sig. C1 Made him with a hemming sigh, ilfauourdly singe the Ballad of Whilom I was.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2020).

hemint.n.²

Brit.

/hɛm/,

/h(ə)m/, U.S.

/hɛm/

Forms: Also 1500s–1600s hemme. 1700s hemm, 1800s h'm.

Etymology: A vocalized representation of the sound made in clearing the throat with a slight effort, consisting in a guttural or glottal aspiration followed by nasal murmur with the lips closed, more closely represented by hm or h'm . In spontaneous utterance, the actual sound is used; but, in reading, even the interjection is usually pronounced hem , as the noun and verb regularly are. See also ahem int., hum int.

A. int.

An interjectional utterance like a slight half cough, used to attract attention, give warning, or express doubt or hesitation. Also used to represent the slight clearing of the throat of a hesitating or non-plussed speaker.

ΘΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > other vocal sounds > [interjection] > hem

hemc1525

ahem1763

c1525 J. Rastell New Commodye Propertes of Women sig. Bi^v Now froward now mume now hem.

a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Aiii^v Hem, syr yet beware of had I wyste.

1550 R. Crowley One & Thyrtye Epigrammes sig. Bi When he mette his frendes than woulde he saye but hem.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Hemme, a note of blamynge, disdeynynge, marueylynge, shewynge, or of taciturnitye.

a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) i. iii. 19 Cel. Hem them away. Ros. I would try if I could cry hem, and haue him.

a1627 W. Rowley & T. Middleton Wit at Severall Weapons i. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Iiiiii4^v/2 O.K. Sed quod est tibi nomen?..Pris. Hem, hem. Witty. He's dry, he hems, on quickly.

1763 C. Johnson Reverie II. 151 Hem! ahem! In the first place, said he, clearing his voice.

1856 C. Dickens Little Dorrit (1857) i. viii. 60 Gardens are—hem—are not accessible to me.

B. n.²

The utterance of this sound; the sound itself as a fact.

ΘΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > other vocal sounds > [noun] > hemming

hemming1470

hem1547

ahem1823

1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe ii. f. xxi^v After euery sighe make an hem, or coughe after it, and vse myrth and mery company.

1658 Sir R. Temple in 5th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1876) 172/1 My friend heard them all give a general hemme after Goffe's speech in token of satisfaction.

1679 Jones in Trials Green, Berry, & Hill for Murder of Sir E. Godfrey 10 Whenever a man should come before and make an hem, it should be a sign to Berry to open the Gate.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 269. ¶3 My Friend..is not a little pleased with any one who takes Notice of the Strength which he still exerts in his Morning Hemms.

1824 S. E. Ferrier Inheritance I. vii. 68 Lord R.'s air, looks, manners, hems, all portended a story.

1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre II. iii. 88 I heard a hem close at my elbow.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

> as lemmas

hem

intransitive. To utter ‘ha!’ in hesitation. Chiefly in the combination to hum ( hem) and ha: see to hum and ha at hum v.¹ 2c.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > defective or inarticulate speech > speak inarticulately or with a defect [verb (intransitive)] > stammer or speak hesitantly

stammerc1000

wlaffe1025

stotec1325

humc1374

mafflea1387

stut1388

rattlea1398

famble14..

mammera1425

drotec1440

falterc1440

stackerc1440

hem1470

wallowa1475

tattle1481

mant1506

happer1519

trip1526

hobblea1529

hack1553

stagger1565

faffle1570

stutter1570

hem and hawk1588

ha1604

hammer1619

titubate1623

haw1632

fork1652

hacker1652

lispc1680

hesitate1706

balbutiate1731

haffle1790

hotter1828

stutter1831

ah1853

catch1889

1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet II. vii. 156 The former ha'd, eh'd.

extracted from hav.

n.¹c1000

v.¹14..

v.²1470

int.n.²c1525

as lemmas

单词	hem
释义	hemn.¹ Brit. /hɛm/, U.S. /hɛm/, /h(ə)m/ Forms: Also Middle English hemm, hemn, Middle English heme, Middle English–1600s hemme, 1500s hembe. Etymology: Old English hem(m , recorded in one vocabulary, and not found in the other older Germanic languages; but North Frisian has heam ‘hem, edge, border’, and Frisian a diminutive hämel . Apparently from the same root as ham n.², and NorthGer. hamm enclosure; the radical sense being ‘border’. 1. a. The border or edging of a piece of cloth or article of apparel. In earlier times including a fringe or other marginal trimming. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > border or hem hemc1000 urlinga1300 suburba1658 cadging1674 Milan edge1897 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > ornamental textiles > ornamental trimmings > [noun] > bordering or edging fasc950 wloc950 hemc1000 hemminga1300 borderc1374 mill1388 purfling1388 orphrey?a1425 wainc1440 millc1450 selvage1481 edge1502 bordering1530 screed1788 German hemming1838 c1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 125/13 Limbus, stemning, uel hem. c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 3664 Men miȝt wade ouer þe scho hem In þe blod þat of hem kem. c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 59 If y touche þe hemn of þe cote of Jesus. 1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Deut. xxii. 12 Litil cordis in the hemmes thow shalt make bi foure corners of thi mantil. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xxiii. 5 Thei alargen her filateries..and magnyfie hemmys. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21136 Qua rin moght titest on his hemm [Trin. Cambr. who myȝte furste touche his hem]. 1483 Cath. Angl. 182/2 Hem (A. hemmes), fimbria, limbus, limbulus, lacinia, ora. ?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. B.i^v As sone as the hemme is tore The sho is lost for euer more. 1553 R. Eden tr. S. Münster Treat. Newe India sig. Bvj Y^e hemme or edge of his cloke is beset with all maner of..Iewelles. 1833 H. Martineau Three Ages iii. 85 The country was chalky, and whitened the hems of her petticoats. 1846 R. C. Trench Notes Miracles vii. 189 This hem, or blue fringe on the borders of the garment, was put there by divine command. †b. By extension: the skirt of a tunic or gown. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > robe or gown > parts of hemc1275 lapc1300 skirtc1330 fentc1430 amyta1450 upper-bodying1502 gorea1529 fox-fur1598 robing1727 lappet1734 robin1750 sack1775 clavus1842 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2492 Heo nom hire on anne curtel..hire hem heo up i-tæh. c1275 Luue Ron 167 in Old Eng. Misc. 98 Þe hwile þu hyne [mayden-hod] witest vnder þine hemme Þu ert swetture þan eny spis. 14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 679/8 Hoc gremium, a heme. 2. spec. A border made on a piece of cloth by doubling or turning in the edge itself, and sewing it down, so as to strengthen it or prevent ravelling, as in a handkerchief or a tablecloth; a piece of hemming. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > sewing or work sewn > hem hem1665 slot1796 French hem1863 whip-hem1866 harem hem1920 1665 R. Hooke Micrographia 141 The upper side of the leaf, that by a kind of hem or doubling of the leaf appears on this side. 1739 J. Sparrow tr. H. F. Le Dran Observ. Surg. lx. 210 I took the Hem of a Piece of..Linnen. 1758 S. Johnson Idler 8 July 105 Molly asked me, the other day, whether Ireland was in France, and was ordered by her mother to mend her hem. 1842 Father Oswald 145 I..wear Spectacles..only when I am doing open hem by candlelight. 1877 W. C. Bryant Song of Sower in Poems v By whom the busy thread, Along the garment's even hem And winding seam is led. †3. The edge, border, rim, margin of anything. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > [noun] brerdc1000 hemc1200 barmc1340 cantc1375 margina1382 boardc1400 borderc1400 brinkc1420 edgea1450 verge1459 brim1525 rind1530 margent1538 abuttal1545 marge1551 skirt1566 lip1592 skirt1598 limb1704 phylactery1715 rim1745 rand1829 c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 25 Swo diȝeliche [he] hit al dihte þat on elche feinge is hem onsene. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 1648 Hovande one þe hye waye by þe holte hemmes. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 1000 Iasper hyȝt þe fyrst gemme..He glente grene in þe lowest hemme. a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) v. v. 67 Timon is dead, Entomb'd vpon the very hemme o' th' Sea. View more context for this quotation 1674 N. Fairfax Treat. Bulk & Selvedge 82 Imagine we now two Angels..over against each other, in the hem or rim of the world. figurative.a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry IV ccclxxxvii, in Poems (1878) IV. 97 The Refractions of his Spirit Gild Only the Hemme of Life.1878 R. Browning La Saisiaz 39 Knowledge stands on my experience: all outside its narrow hem, Free surmise may sport and welcome! 4. In technical uses: †a. A socket at the head of a still or the end of a length of pipe, etc., which serves to receive the end of a tube or pipe. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > unevenness > condition or fact of receding > [noun] > a receding part > socket base?c1335 mortisec1390 socket1448 hem1559 mortise hole1585 sock1803 shoe1858 bayonet-socket1892 1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus 53 A blynde limbek is that which hath no nose nor beake, nor limbe or hembe. 1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 195 The Joint [of a pipe] which is made with a Hem, or Collar is secured with Mastick and Hemp. b. The partition which divides the hearth from the fireplace in a reverberatory furnace; the firebridge. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > walls or barriers in furnaces fireback1566 spirit-plate1686 hem1693 fire bridge1821 bridge1823 water bridge1837 furnace-bridge1874 1693 G. Pooley in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 676 A Hearth..divided from the Oven it self by a Hem or Partition made open at the top. 1710 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum II The Ovens wherein..Calamine is baked, have..a Partition open at the Top, by which the Flame passes over, and so..bakes the Calamine. This partition is called the Hem. c. The outer edge of a millstone. ΚΠ 1802 Trans. Soc. Arts 20 275 Each millstone is..eleven inches thick in the hem, and thirteen at the eye. d. Architecture. (See quot. 1823.) ΚΠ 1823 P. Nicholson New Pract. Builder 586 Hem, the projecting and spiral parts of the Ionic capital. Compounds hem-line n. the outline of the hem, hence the height from the ground, of a woman's skirt. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > border or hem > outline of hem-line1923 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > clothing for lower body > skirt > height from ground hem-line1923 1923 T. Eaton & Co. Catal. Spring–Summer 34 The modish uneven hemline. 1927 Vanity Fair Sept. 4/3 Liberty of opinion, in skirt lengths, hemlines, waistlines,..was convincingly demonstrated. 1929 Daily Tel. 16 Jan. 8/4 It is admitted that the hem lines of 1928 changed the whole contour of the evening mode as they flounced and floated in uneven length to the ground. 1957 New Yorker 30 Mar. 98/3 This year, she puts a minute and completely absurd circular godet, only three inches deep, at the hemline in front—to allow for striding, they say. 1958 T.V. Times 10 Oct. 21/2 Other girls put up their hem-lines a couple of inches as Paris dictates. 1971 R. Garrett Spiral x. 94 She fidgeted with the hemline of her skirt. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022). hemv.¹ Forms: Also Middle English hemne, Middle English–1600s hemme, hemm, 1600s hemb. Etymology: < hem n.¹ Not known before 15th cent. Sense 3 is usually taken to be the same word, though this is not certain. Quot. 1582 approaches the sense of German hemmen. 1. transitive. To edge or border (a garment or cloth); to decorate with a border, fringe, or the like. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (transitive)] > border or edge purfle?c1325 dagc1386 hem14.. cadge1530 passement1539 pounce1542 vandyke1828 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > trim > border or edge hem14.. guard?1499 beguard1640 14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 599/25 Orare, to hemny. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 235/2 Hemmyn garmentys, limbo, fimbrio. 1486 Bk. St. Albans, Her. D j a Here folowis an odir cros hemyt or borderit. c1540 Pilgrim's Tale 175 in F. Thynne Animaduersions (1875) App. i. 82 With a blak fryng hemyd al about. 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke vi. (R.) Walkyng vp and downe in hys habite garded hemmed with hys brode phylacteries. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. iii. sig. P2^v All the skirt about Was hemd with golden fringe. 1666 J. Davies tr. C. de Rochefort Hist. Caribby-Islands 114 The ends of the sleeves..and the bottom of it are hemm'd in with a very thin black skin. 2. To turn in and sew down the edge of (a piece of stuff). intransitive. To do the particular kind of sewing which is used in this operation. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (intransitive)] > sew > in specific way hem1530 thimble1834 buttonhole1851 to stitch away1853 purfle1890 prick-stitch1933 zigzag1950 the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > sew or ornament textile fabric [verb (transitive)] > sew > hem hem1530 behem1567 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 583/1 I hemme a shyrte or a smocke..Hemme my kercher, I praye you. 1758 B. Thornton Idler 22 July 121 She is..hemming a towel. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1775 I. 483 [Johnson:] A man would not submit to learn to hem a ruffle, of his wife, or his wife's maid. 1839 T. Hood I'm not Single Man iv, in Hood's Own 123/1 One used to stitch a collar then, Another hemmed a frill. 1875 L. S. Floyer Plain Needlework 13 These pieces should be hemmed on each side, thus making twelve yards of hemming. intransitive.1867 A. Trollope Last Chron. Barset I. xxiii. 194 [She] sat..hemming diligently at certain articles of clothing.figurative.1665 J. Spencer Disc. Prodigies (ed. 2) 202 The contexture of this Discourse will..be the less subject to ravel out, if I hem it with the Speech of our learned..Annotator. 3. To confine or bound by an environment of any kind; to enclose, shut in, limit, restrain, imprison. Now rarely without adverb complement, most usually in, also about, round, up; hem out, to shut out. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclosing or confining > enclose or confine [verb (transitive)] pena1200 bebar?c1225 loukc1275 beshuta1300 parc1300 to shut in1398 to close inc1400 parrockc1400 pinc1400 steekc1400 lock?a1425 includec1425 key?a1439 spare?c1450 enferme1481 terminea1500 bebay1511 imprisona1533 besetc1534 hema1552 ram1567 warda1586 closet1589 pound1589 seclude1598 confine1600 i-pend1600 uptie1600 pinfold1605 boundify1606 incoop1608 to round in1609 ring1613 to buckle ina1616 embounda1616 swathe1624 hain1636 coopa1660 to sheathe up1661 stivea1722 cloister1723 span1844 society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > restraint depriving of liberty > confinement > confine [verb (transitive)] beloukOE loukOE sparc1175 pena1200 bepen?c1225 pind?c1225 prison?c1225 spearc1300 stopc1315 restraina1325 aclosec1350 forbara1375 reclosea1382 ward1390 enclose1393 locka1400 reclusea1400 pinc1400 sparc1430 hamperc1440 umbecastc1440 murea1450 penda1450 mew?c1450 to shut inc1460 encharter1484 to shut up1490 bara1500 hedge1549 hema1552 impound1562 strain1566 chamber1568 to lock up1568 coop1570 incarcerate1575 cage1577 mew1581 kennel1582 coop1583 encagea1586 pound1589 imprisonc1595 encloister1596 button1598 immure1598 seclude1598 uplock1600 stow1602 confine1603 jail1604 hearse1608 bail1609 hasp1620 cub1621 secure1621 incarcera1653 fasten1658 to keep up1673 nun1753 mope1765 quarantine1804 peg1824 penfold1851 encoop1867 oubliette1884 jigger1887 corral1890 maroon1904 to bang up1950 to lock down1971 a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1711) III. 10 A Creeke of Salt Water..hemmith in a peace of Mr. Reskymer's Parke. 1580 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David v. v Thy work it is such men safe in to hemm With kindest care. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil Diuise in tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis 93 The northen frostye gale hemd the riuer. 1594 C. Marlowe & T. Nashe Dido ii. i His band of Myrmidons..which hemm'd me about. 1640 G. Sandys tr. H. Grotius Christs Passion iii. 259 Late hemb'd with Auditors whose store Incumbred the too-narrow Shore. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 979 Th' Angelic Squadron..began to hemm him round With ported Spears. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 298 On ev'ry side..hemm'd with warlike Foes. 1788 W. Cowper Let. 6 July (1982) III. 193 You will find it pleasant..at least not to be hemm'd around by business. 1841 C. Dickens Barnaby Rudge lxii. 296 The angle of the wall into which I had hemmed him. 1876 R. F. Burton Two Trips Gorilla Land I. 166 The tall black trees which hem in the village. 1878 R. B. Smith Carthage 133 The Carthaginians were..hemmed up in the north-western corner of the island. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online December 2020). hemv.² Etymology: < hem int. 1. a. intransitive. To utter the sound described under hem int.; to give a short sharp cough as a signal, etc.; to clear the throat; to stammer or hesitate in speech; to express disapproval of a speaker by factitious coughing. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > defective or inarticulate speech > speak inarticulately or with a defect [verb (intransitive)] > stammer or speak hesitantly stammerc1000 wlaffe1025 stotec1325 humc1374 mafflea1387 stut1388 rattlea1398 famble14.. mammera1425 drotec1440 falterc1440 stackerc1440 hem1470 wallowa1475 tattle1481 mant1506 happer1519 trip1526 hobblea1529 hack1553 stagger1565 faffle1570 stutter1570 hem and hawk1588 ha1604 hammer1619 titubate1623 haw1632 fork1652 hacker1652 lispc1680 hesitate1706 balbutiate1731 haffle1790 hotter1828 stutter1831 ah1853 catch1889 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > other vocal sounds > [verb (intransitive)] > hem hem1470 hem and hawk1588 harrumph1936 1470–85 [implied in: T. Malory Morte d'Arthur xi. viii She coughed soo lowde that syre launcelot awaked and he knew her hemynge. (at hemming n.²)]. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 583/1 I hemme, I coughe, je tousse. Whan you here me hemme, than come. 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 62 Hackyng and hemmyng as though our wittes and our senses were a woll gatheryng. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iv. v. 5 She speakes much of her father..and hems, and beates her hart. View more context for this quotation a1612 J. Harington Epigrams (1618) ii. 25 His tongue so vainely did and idly chatter, The people nought but hem, & cough, and spatter. 1679 Trials Green, Berry, & Hill for Murder of Sir E. Godfrey 19 Some body hem'd, and that was the Sign. 1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 155. ⁋2 I heard some body at a Distance hemming after me. 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. xvi. 93 I arose; the man hemming up for a speech, rising, and beginning to set his splay-feet..in an approaching posture. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre II. v. 128 Jane, if any one is about, come to the foot of the stairs and hem. b. In combination, as hem and hawk, hem and haw, hem and ha. Cf. hum and haw at haw v.¹, to hum and haw at hum v.¹ 2c. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > disapprove [verb (intransitive)] > express disapproval by sound or exclamation hoota1225 hissa1425 hem and hawk1588 catcall1735 cluck1821 tut1832 fie-fie1836 boo1855 harrumph1936 tsk-tsk1966 steups1967 the mind > language > speech > defective or inarticulate speech > speak inarticulately or with a defect [verb (intransitive)] > stammer or speak hesitantly stammerc1000 wlaffe1025 stotec1325 humc1374 mafflea1387 stut1388 rattlea1398 famble14.. mammera1425 drotec1440 falterc1440 stackerc1440 hem1470 wallowa1475 tattle1481 mant1506 happer1519 trip1526 hobblea1529 hack1553 stagger1565 faffle1570 stutter1570 hem and hawk1588 ha1604 hammer1619 titubate1623 haw1632 fork1652 hacker1652 lispc1680 hesitate1706 balbutiate1731 haffle1790 hotter1828 stutter1831 ah1853 catch1889 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > other vocal sounds > [verb (intransitive)] > hem hem1470 hem and hawk1588 harrumph1936 1588 G. Babington Profitable Expos. Lords Prayer i. 109 Wee gape and wee yawne, we hem and we hawke. 1604 T. Dekker & T. Middleton Honest Whore iv. iii. 34 Not so much as a Bee, he did not hum: not so much as a bawd he did not hem: not so much as a Cuckold he did not ha: neither hum, hem, nor ha, onely starde me in the face. 1786 F. Burney Lett. 16 Oct. I hemmed and hawed—but the Queen stopped reading. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple III. xxiii. 305 You would have done better, to have hemmed or hawed, so as to let your officers know that you were present. 1855 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes II. xxxi. 285 The old Colonel..hems and hahs, and repeats himself a good deal. †2. transitive. To utter or read out or over with frequent hems or coughs. hem in: to throw in or interject with a hem. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > defective or inarticulate speech > utter inarticulately [verb (transitive)] > utter hesitantly or stammer hem1553 mant1568 stammer1587 to hack out1602 stammer1608 fribblea1627 lisp1627 stutter1655 hesitate1734 to falter forth or out1762 hobble1813 falter1851 1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 117 b Some coughes at euery woorde. Some hemmes it out. a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Fj Then folow me, and hemme in a worde now and then. 1693 T. Urquhart & P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 3rd Bk. Wks. xv. 128 Their Matines were hem'd over only with three Lessons. 3. To remove, clear away with a hem or cough. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > other vocal sounds > [verb (transitive)] > remove by hemming hema1616 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > respiratory spasms > have respiratory spasm [verb (transitive)] > cough up or out hoast?1507 hema1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) i. iii. 18 Ros. These burs are in my heart. Cel. Hem them away. View more context for this quotation 1800 E. Hervey Mourtray Family III. 201 Emma..tried in vain to hem away a rising sigh. Derivatives ˈhemming adj. ΚΠ 1605 C. Tourneur Laugh & lie Downe sig. C1 Made him with a hemming sigh, ilfauourdly singe the Ballad of Whilom I was. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online June 2020). hemint.n.² Brit. /hɛm/, /h(ə)m/, U.S. /hɛm/ Forms: Also 1500s–1600s hemme. 1700s hemm, 1800s h'm. Etymology: A vocalized representation of the sound made in clearing the throat with a slight effort, consisting in a guttural or glottal aspiration followed by nasal murmur with the lips closed, more closely represented by hm or h'm . In spontaneous utterance, the actual sound is used; but, in reading, even the interjection is usually pronounced hem , as the noun and verb regularly are. See also ahem int., hum int. A. int. An interjectional utterance like a slight half cough, used to attract attention, give warning, or express doubt or hesitation. Also used to represent the slight clearing of the throat of a hesitating or non-plussed speaker. ΘΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > other vocal sounds > [interjection] > hem hemc1525 ahem1763 c1525 J. Rastell New Commodye Propertes of Women sig. Bi^v Now froward now mume now hem. a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Aiii^v Hem, syr yet beware of had I wyste. 1550 R. Crowley One & Thyrtye Epigrammes sig. Bi When he mette his frendes than woulde he saye but hem. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Hemme, a note of blamynge, disdeynynge, marueylynge, shewynge, or of taciturnitye. a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) i. iii. 19 Cel. Hem them away. Ros. I would try if I could cry hem, and haue him. View more context for this quotation a1627 W. Rowley & T. Middleton Wit at Severall Weapons i. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Iiiiii4^v/2 O.K. Sed quod est tibi nomen?..Pris. Hem, hem. Witty. He's dry, he hems, on quickly. 1763 C. Johnson Reverie II. 151 Hem! ahem! In the first place, said he, clearing his voice. 1856 C. Dickens Little Dorrit (1857) i. viii. 60 Gardens are—hem—are not accessible to me. B. n.² The utterance of this sound; the sound itself as a fact. ΘΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > other vocal sounds > [noun] > hemming hemming1470 hem1547 ahem1823 1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe ii. f. xxi^v After euery sighe make an hem, or coughe after it, and vse myrth and mery company. 1658 Sir R. Temple in 5th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1876) 172/1 My friend heard them all give a general hemme after Goffe's speech in token of satisfaction. 1679 Jones in Trials Green, Berry, & Hill for Murder of Sir E. Godfrey 10 Whenever a man should come before and make an hem, it should be a sign to Berry to open the Gate. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 269. ¶3 My Friend..is not a little pleased with any one who takes Notice of the Strength which he still exerts in his Morning Hemms. 1824 S. E. Ferrier Inheritance I. vii. 68 Lord R.'s air, looks, manners, hems, all portended a story. 1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre II. iii. 88 I heard a hem close at my elbow. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2021). > as lemmas hem intransitive. To utter ‘ha!’ in hesitation. Chiefly in the combination to hum ( hem) and ha: see to hum and ha at hum v.¹ 2c. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > defective or inarticulate speech > speak inarticulately or with a defect [verb (intransitive)] > stammer or speak hesitantly stammerc1000 wlaffe1025 stotec1325 humc1374 mafflea1387 stut1388 rattlea1398 famble14.. mammera1425 drotec1440 falterc1440 stackerc1440 hem1470 wallowa1475 tattle1481 mant1506 happer1519 trip1526 hobblea1529 hack1553 stagger1565 faffle1570 stutter1570 hem and hawk1588 ha1604 hammer1619 titubate1623 haw1632 fork1652 hacker1652 lispc1680 hesitate1706 balbutiate1731 haffle1790 hotter1828 stutter1831 ah1853 catch1889 1604 T. Dekker & T. Middleton Honest Whore iv. iii. 34 Not so much as a Bee, he did not hum: not so much as a bawd he did not hem: not so much as a Cuckold he did not ha: neither hum, hem, nor ha, onely starde me in the face. 1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet II. vii. 156 The former ha'd, eh'd. extracted from hav. < n.¹c1000v.¹14..v.²1470int.n.²c1525 as lemmas
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hemn.1

Compounds

hemv.1

hemv.2

Derivatives

hemint.n.2

> as lemmas

hemn.¹

hemv.¹

hemv.²

hemint.n.²