heartwortn.

Brit.

/ˈhɑːtwəːt/, U.S.

/ˈhɑrtˌwərt/,

/ˈhɑrtˌwɔrt/

Forms: late Middle English hartworte, late Middle English hertwourt, late Middle English–1500s hertwort, 1500s hartewurte, 1500s hartworte, 1500s hartwurt, 1500s herteworte, 1500s hertworth, 1500s–1600s hartwoort, 1500s–1700s hartwort, 1600s– heartwort.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: heart n., wort n.¹

Etymology: < heart n. + wort n.¹Compare early modern German herzkraut , denoting various plants, especially Melissa officinalis. In sense 5 apparently arising from early modern English heartwort, variant of hartwort n., with the first element misapprehended as heart n., perhaps as a result of confusion with other uses at this entry.

Now historical and rare.

†1. A small, blue-flowered herbaceous plant, perhaps a kind of bugle ( Ajuga species) or self-heal ( Prunella vulgaris). Cf. wood-brown n. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 8 Bigula, Browne bugill, som calliþ him silfe hele and sum calliþ him hartworte.

?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh.) (1950) 158 Fraxinus is an herbe þat men clepe hertwourt or wodebroun. Þis herbe haȝt lewys scharpe [a1450 Royal yschaped as a herte] and it haȝt a flour as it were water bewgle and it haȝt a schort stalke.

?1540 Knowl., Properties, & Vertues Herbes (new ed.) sig. E.iii^v Faxmus is an herbe called hertwort or odobrame, this hath leues yshape as a hert and hath a flower as were bugle, and a shorte stalke.

2. Any of several plants of the genus Aristolochia, esp. A. clematitis; = birthwort n. Now historical and rare.round heartwort: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > birthwort > [noun]

Aristolochiaa1398

astrologiaa1425

round aristolochia?a1425

Saracen's mint1526

sarazine1526

heartwort1548

round heartwort1548

birthwort1551

round birthwort1551

Saracen's herb1585

Saracen's birth-wort1597

clematite1712

swan-plant1841

serpent-withe1864

1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. B.ij It bryngeth furth fruite lyke blacke peares and seed lyke mennes hertes, thys kynde may be called in englishe longe Hertworth or longe Astolochia.

1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. B.ij^v Herteworte is hote and drye about the thirde degree.

1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. D.vi It may be called in Englyshe, rounde hart wurt, because the leues represent a painted harte.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. i. 314 In English Aristologia, and of some Byrthwort, and Hartwort.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 345 Take of Aristoloch, otherwise called round Hartwort one ounce.

1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clxxiii. 483 Aristolochia, which we call birthwort, or hartwort.

1670 J. Ogilby Africa 610 There groweth also a certain Plant call'd Pao, or Wood of Antak, which creeps along the ground, and is very like the Herb Aristolachia, or Heart-Wort.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Astrologe, otherwise call'd Birthwort, and Hart-wort.

1828 F. E. J. Valpy Etymol. Dict. Lat. Lang. 33/1 Aristolochia, the herb heart-wort.

1867 O. P. Brown Compl. Herbalist (new ed.) 16 Plants having a semblance of the Womb, as Birthwort, Heart Wort, Ladies' Seal or Birony [sic], conduce much to a safe accouchement.

1918 L. B. Wilder Colour in my Garden 353 Aristolochia Sipho (syn. macrophylla)—Dutchman's Pipe, Heartwort, Pipe-vine.

1987 W. J. Carter et al. Ethnodentistry & Dental Folklore vii. 54 A more likely possibility is that the Anglo-Saxon remedy referred to ‘heartwort’, i.e., Aristolochia clematitis.

†3. = heart mint n. at heart n., int., and adv. Compounds 3b. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lxxiv. 245 The fourth kinde is called in high Douch Hertzkraut, that is to say Harte wurte, or Harte Mynte: in French Herbe de cueur: of the later wryters in Latine Menta Romana angustifolia, Flore coronata, siue Cardiaca Mentha.

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 553 The fourth [species] is called..in English Hart Woort, or Hart Mint.

1821 S. F. Gray Nat. Arrangem. Brit. Plants II. 364 [Mentha gracilis] β. cardiaca... Heart mint. Heart wort.

4. Originally English regional (Essex). Melilot, Melilotus officinalis. Cf. hart-clover n. rare. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > melilot

hart-cloverc1000

melilotOE

melion?1440

king's crown1526

hart's clover1548

king's clover1548

lote1548

wild lotus1548

hart's-trefoil1640

heartwort1640

whittle-grass1825

1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 720 In some places of Essex they call it Hartwort, because as they thinke the seede thereof happening into their bread caused paines in the stomacke and chest, which they usually call the Heart burne or paines of the heart.

1904 A. B. Comstock Clovers & their Kin in Cornell Nature Study Leaflets xxxiv. 356 The Yellow Sweet Clover (M. officinalis) has yellow blossoms. It has some interesting old English names, such as Balsam Flowers, King's Clover and Heartwort.

1922 Amer. Botanist 28 35 The specific name of the ‘yellow sweet clover’ (M. officinalis) indicates that it was once carried in stock by the apothecary. This probably explains its name of ‘heartwort’.

5. = hartwort n. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > hartwort plant or flowers

hartwort1562

seseli1578

heartwort1789

1789 J. Berkenhout Synopsis Nat. Hist. Great Brit. & Irel. II. 92 [Tordylium] Officinale. Small Heart-wort. Partial involucra as long as the flowers.

1805 C. Milne Bot. Dict. (ed. 3) at Umbellatæ Seseli—Heart-wort of Marseilles.

1846 W. M. Buchanan Technol. Dict. 419/1 Laserpitium, a genus of perennial plants... Hercules'-all-heal, or wound-wort, heart-wort, or sermountain, the white gentian, &c., are species.

1881 J. M. Nickell Bot. Ready Ref. 78 Laserpitium siler. Heartwort.

1897 P. W. Latham tr. C. Binz Lect. Pharmacol. II. 370 The oil of the berries of Juniperus communis, and that of the roots of Levisticum officinale (heartwort) are efficacious [as diuretics].

1900 Amer. Druggist & Pharmaceut. Rec. 36 342/3 Seseleos (Laserpitium siler)—heartwort, sermountain.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	heartwort
释义	heartwortn. Brit. /ˈhɑːtwəːt/, U.S. /ˈhɑrtˌwərt/, /ˈhɑrtˌwɔrt/ Forms: late Middle English hartworte, late Middle English hertwourt, late Middle English–1500s hertwort, 1500s hartewurte, 1500s hartworte, 1500s hartwurt, 1500s herteworte, 1500s hertworth, 1500s–1600s hartwoort, 1500s–1700s hartwort, 1600s– heartwort. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: heart n., wort n.¹ Etymology: < heart n. + wort n.¹Compare early modern German herzkraut , denoting various plants, especially Melissa officinalis. In sense 5 apparently arising from early modern English heartwort, variant of hartwort n., with the first element misapprehended as heart n., perhaps as a result of confusion with other uses at this entry. Now historical and rare. †1. A small, blue-flowered herbaceous plant, perhaps a kind of bugle ( Ajuga species) or self-heal ( Prunella vulgaris). Cf. wood-brown n. Obsolete. ΚΠ ?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 8 Bigula, Browne bugill, som calliþ him silfe hele and sum calliþ him hartworte. ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh.) (1950) 158 Fraxinus is an herbe þat men clepe hertwourt or wodebroun. Þis herbe haȝt lewys scharpe [a1450 Royal yschaped as a herte] and it haȝt a flour as it were water bewgle and it haȝt a schort stalke. ?1540 Knowl., Properties, & Vertues Herbes (new ed.) sig. E.iii^v Faxmus is an herbe called hertwort or odobrame, this hath leues yshape as a hert and hath a flower as were bugle, and a shorte stalke. 2. Any of several plants of the genus Aristolochia, esp. A. clematitis; = birthwort n. Now historical and rare.round heartwort: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > shrubs > birthwort > [noun] Aristolochiaa1398 astrologiaa1425 round aristolochia?a1425 Saracen's mint1526 sarazine1526 heartwort1548 round heartwort1548 birthwort1551 round birthwort1551 Saracen's herb1585 Saracen's birth-wort1597 clematite1712 swan-plant1841 serpent-withe1864 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. B.ij It bryngeth furth fruite lyke blacke peares and seed lyke mennes hertes, thys kynde may be called in englishe longe Hertworth or longe Astolochia. 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. B.ij^v Herteworte is hote and drye about the thirde degree. 1551 W. Turner New Herball sig. D.vi It may be called in Englyshe, rounde hart wurt, because the leues represent a painted harte. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. i. 314 In English Aristologia, and of some Byrthwort, and Hartwort. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 345 Take of Aristoloch, otherwise called round Hartwort one ounce. 1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. clxxiii. 483 Aristolochia, which we call birthwort, or hartwort. 1670 J. Ogilby Africa 610 There groweth also a certain Plant call'd Pao, or Wood of Antak, which creeps along the ground, and is very like the Herb Aristolachia, or Heart-Wort. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Astrologe, otherwise call'd Birthwort, and Hart-wort. 1828 F. E. J. Valpy Etymol. Dict. Lat. Lang. 33/1 Aristolochia, the herb heart-wort. 1867 O. P. Brown Compl. Herbalist (new ed.) 16 Plants having a semblance of the Womb, as Birthwort, Heart Wort, Ladies' Seal or Birony [sic], conduce much to a safe accouchement. 1918 L. B. Wilder Colour in my Garden 353 Aristolochia Sipho (syn. macrophylla)—Dutchman's Pipe, Heartwort, Pipe-vine. 1987 W. J. Carter et al. Ethnodentistry & Dental Folklore vii. 54 A more likely possibility is that the Anglo-Saxon remedy referred to ‘heartwort’, i.e., Aristolochia clematitis. †3. = heart mint n. at heart n., int., and adv. Compounds 3b. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. lxxiv. 245 The fourth kinde is called in high Douch Hertzkraut, that is to say Harte wurte, or Harte Mynte: in French Herbe de cueur: of the later wryters in Latine Menta Romana angustifolia, Flore coronata, siue Cardiaca Mentha. 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 553 The fourth [species] is called..in English Hart Woort, or Hart Mint. 1821 S. F. Gray Nat. Arrangem. Brit. Plants II. 364 [Mentha gracilis] β. cardiaca... Heart mint. Heart wort. 4. Originally English regional (Essex). Melilot, Melilotus officinalis. Cf. hart-clover n. rare. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular medicinal plants or parts > [noun] > melilot hart-cloverc1000 melilotOE melion?1440 king's crown1526 hart's clover1548 king's clover1548 lote1548 wild lotus1548 hart's-trefoil1640 heartwort1640 whittle-grass1825 1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 720 In some places of Essex they call it Hartwort, because as they thinke the seede thereof happening into their bread caused paines in the stomacke and chest, which they usually call the Heart burne or paines of the heart. 1904 A. B. Comstock Clovers & their Kin in Cornell Nature Study Leaflets xxxiv. 356 The Yellow Sweet Clover (M. officinalis) has yellow blossoms. It has some interesting old English names, such as Balsam Flowers, King's Clover and Heartwort. 1922 Amer. Botanist 28 35 The specific name of the ‘yellow sweet clover’ (M. officinalis) indicates that it was once carried in stock by the apothecary. This probably explains its name of ‘heartwort’. 5. = hartwort n. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > hartwort plant or flowers hartwort1562 seseli1578 heartwort1789 1789 J. Berkenhout Synopsis Nat. Hist. Great Brit. & Irel. II. 92 [Tordylium] Officinale. Small Heart-wort. Partial involucra as long as the flowers. 1805 C. Milne Bot. Dict. (ed. 3) at Umbellatæ Seseli—Heart-wort of Marseilles. 1846 W. M. Buchanan Technol. Dict. 419/1 Laserpitium, a genus of perennial plants... Hercules'-all-heal, or wound-wort, heart-wort, or sermountain, the white gentian, &c., are species. 1881 J. M. Nickell Bot. Ready Ref. 78 Laserpitium siler. Heartwort. 1897 P. W. Latham tr. C. Binz Lect. Pharmacol. II. 370 The oil of the berries of Juniperus communis, and that of the roots of Levisticum officinale (heartwort) are efficacious [as diuretics]. 1900 Amer. Druggist & Pharmaceut. Rec. 36 342/3 Seseleos (Laserpitium siler)—heartwort, sermountain. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.?a1425
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