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单词 hearts of steel
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Hearts of Steel
Hearts of Steel n. Irish History (the members of) a radical agrarian organization formed by Protestant tenants in Ulster from 1770 until 1772, which protested, often violently, against levels of rent, evictions, and related concerns; cf. Steel boy n., heart of oak n. 3.
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society > authority > rule or government > politics > Irish politics > [noun] > societies or associations
levellers1762
Hearts of Steel1771
Peep o' Day Boys1780
Rightboys1786
Brunswick Club1828
Orange Order1828
Young Ireland1843
Land league1881
U.I.L.1901
Noraid1974
U.U.U.C.1974
INLA1979
1771 Gen. Evening Post 1 Jan. A great number of persons armed, who call themselves Hearts of Steel, entered this town [sc. Belfast], and demanded the release of David Davis.
1780 A. Young Tour Ireland (Dublin ed.) I. 217 The hearts of steel lasted 3 years; began in 1770 against rents and tythes.
1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon Concl. 468 The insurgent banditti of Tories, Hearts of Steel, Peep-o'day Boys, White Boys, &c.
1882 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. Eng. 18th Cent. IV. 393 In the North the disturbances of the Hearts of Steel had just broken out.
1917 Contemp. Rev. 111 593 Can they deny that their Hearts of Steel and Protestant Oak Boys were guilty of like excess against bad landlords?
1989 D. H. Fischer Albion's Seed 631 Tenants banded together in violent vigilante groups called Hearts of Steel and Hearts of Oak against rack-renting landlords.
extracted from heartn.int.adv.
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