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单词 hepta-
释义

hepta-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.
Forms: Before a vowel hept-.
1. Combining form of Greek ἑπτά seven, occurring as the first element of many compounds in Greek, some of which have descended through Latin into the modern languages, while many more have been taken directly from Greek, or formed on Greek analogies. Normally, hepta- is combined with elements of Greek origin, but in some instances (chiefly on account of the inconvenience of Latin septem) it is combined with Latin or other elements. In Chemistry it indicates the presence of seven atoms of an element.
heptangular adj.
Brit. /hɛpˈtaŋɡjᵿlə/
,
U.S. /hɛpˈtæŋɡjələr/
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > angularity > specific angular shape > [adjective] > polygonal > heptagonal
heptagonal1612
septilateral1650
septangular1656
septangled1702
heptangular1706
septagon1756
the world > relative properties > number > geometry > shape or figure > [adjective] > two-dimensional > heptagonal
heptagonal1612
septilateral1650
septangular1656
heptahedrical1658
septangled1702
heptangular1706
septagon1756
heptahedral1758
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Heptangular Figure is that which consists of seven Angles.
1752 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. III. 203 The middle of the body heptangular.
Categories »
heptavalent adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈveɪlənt/
,
/ˌhɛptəˈveɪln̩t/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈveɪlənt/
2.
heptachloride adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈklɔːrʌɪd/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈklɔˌraɪd/
heptachlorotoluene n.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəklɔːrə(ʊ)ˈtɒljʊiːn/
,
/ˌhɛptəklɒrə(ʊ)ˈtɒljʊiːn/
,
U.S. /ˈˌhɛptəˌklɔrəˈtɑljuˌin/
,
/ˈˌhɛptəˌklɔroʊˈtɑljuˌin/
Π
1880 H. E. Armstrong & C. E. Groves Miller's Elements Chem. (ed. 5) III. iii. 317 A small quantity of..heptachlorotoluene.
heptoxide n.
Brit. /hɛpˈtɒksʌɪd/
,
U.S. /hɛpˈtɑkˌsaɪd/
Π
1871 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. (new ed.) xxi. 235 This substance is Manganese Heptoxide, Mn2O7.
3.
Categories »
heptacapsular adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈkapsjᵿlə/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈkæps(j)ələr/
[Latin capsula capsule n. and adj.] Botany having seven capsules, cells, or cavities (Bailey 1730–6).
heptacarbon adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈkɑːbən/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈkɑrbən/
Chemistry containing seven carbon atoms, as in heptacarbon compounds, heptacarbon series: cf. heptane n.
ΚΠ
1866 W. Odling Lect. Animal Chem. 109 Heptacarbon compounds such as the benzoic residue of hippuric acid.
Categories »
† heptace n. [Greek ἀκή point] Crystallography Obsolete a summit of a polyhedron formed by the concurrence of seven faces (Kirkman).
heptachlor n.
Brit. /ˈhɛptəklɔː/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛptəˌklɔr/
Chemistry a chlorinated hydrocarbon, C10H5Cl7, used as an insecticide.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > halogenated hydrocarbons > specific
tetrachlorethane1871
pentachloroethane1872
trichloroethylene1889
Freon1932
tetrafluoroethylene1933
fluorocarbon1937
perfluorocarbon1947
heptachlor1949
tetrachlorodibenzodioxin1959
TCDD1971
CFC1976
1949 Jrnl. Econ. Entomol. 42 328/1 Heptachlor, a close relative of chlordan, gave results superior to chlordan.
1961 New Scientist 6 July 9/2 British manufacturers of agricultural chemicals have agreed with the Government to restrict the use of three pesticides..aldrin, dieldrin and heptachlor.
1962 R. L. Carson Silent Spring (1963) x. 140 Heptachlor, after a short period in the tissues of animals or plants or in the soil, assumes a considerably more toxic form known as heptachlor epoxide... The Food and Drug Administration took action which had the effect of banning any residues of heptachlor or its epoxide in food.
1968 M. Pyke Food & Society viii. 119 [They] found not only DDT and its breakdown products, but BHC, heptachlor and dieldrin as well in the tissues of penguins.
Categories »
heptachronous adj.
Brit. /hɛpˈtakrənəs/
,
U.S. /hɛpˈtækrənəs/
[late Latin heptachronus, < Greek ἑπτάχρονος, < χρόνος time] in ancient prosody = heptasemic adj.
Categories »
heptacolic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈkɒlɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈkɑlɪk/
[Greek ἑπτάκωλος of seven verses or members, < κῶλον colon n.2] in ancient prosody: of seven cola or members, as ‘a heptacolic period’.
hepta-compound n.
Brit. /ˈhɛptəˌkɒmpaʊnd/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛptəˌkɑmpaʊn(d)/
Chemistry a compound containing seven atoms of any element or radical; esp. a heptacarbon compound.
ΚΠ
1866 W. Odling Lect. Animal Chem. 66 Heptacompounds, including oil of bitter almonds, and the benzoic, salicic, and gallic acids.
heptacosane n.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈkəʊseɪn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈkoʊˌseɪn/
(also heptai'cosane) [Greek εἴκοσι twenty: see -ane suffix2] Chemistry any of the hydrocarbons of the paraffin series having twenty-seven carbon atoms, esp. the unbranched isomer, which is present in tobacco oil and many natural waxes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > hydrocarbons > [noun] > alkanes > straight-chained by number of carbon atoms > twenty-seven
heptacosane1889
1889 H. F. Morley & M. M. P. Muir Watts' Dict. Chem. (rev. ed.) II. 675/1 n-Heptaicosane C27H56.
1901 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 79 i. 986 The results of the analysis..indicate that the second hydrocarbon is in all probability heptacosane, C27H56.
1961 L. F. Fieser & M. Fieser Adv. Org. Chem. iv. 110 Beeswax contains heptacosane (C27H56) and hentriacontane (C31H64).
heptacron n.
Brit. /ˈhɛptəkrɒn/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛptəˌkrɑn/
a solid figure having seven vertices.
Π
1862 A. Cayley Coll. Math. Papers (1892) V. 42 The derivation of the octacrons from the heptacrons... The heptacron has more than two tripleural summits.
heptadecane n.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈdɛkeɪn/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈdɛˌkeɪn/
[Greek δέκα ten: see -ane suffix2] Chemistry any of the hydrocarbons of the paraffin series having seventeen carbon atoms, esp. the unbranched isomer.
ΚΠ
1882 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 42 1272 Heptadecane (from margaric acid, or from the ketone C17H34O, obtained from barium palmitate) crystallizes in large hexagonal plates.
1889 H. F. Morley & M. M. P. Muir Watts' Dict. Chem. (rev. ed.) II. 674/2 Heptadecane... Occurs in bee's wax.
hepta-hexahedral adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəhɛksəˈhiːdr(ə)l/
,
U.S. /ˈˌhɛptəˌhɛksəˈhidr(ə)l/
Crystallography having seven ranges of six faces each.
ΚΠ
1816 R. Jameson Treat. External Characters Minerals (ed. 2) 199 Hepta-hexahedral, when its [i.e.a crystal's] surface consists of..seven ranges of planes, disposed six and six above each other.
heptahydrate n.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈhʌɪdreɪt/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈhaɪˌdreɪt/
Chemistry a compound containing seven molecules of water (7H2O).
ΚΠ
1874 Guthrie in Proc. Physical Soc. Lond. 1 67 On cooling such a solution..the heptahydrate crystallizes out.
heptahydrated adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəhʌɪˈdreɪtᵻd/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈhaɪˌdreɪdᵻd/
Chemistry containing seven molecules of water.
ΚΠ
1895 G. Lunge Theoret. & Pract. Treat. Manuf. Sulphuric Acid & Alkali (ed. 2) II. 22 The anhydrous salt..if protected from the air is changed into heptahydrated..salt.
heptahydric adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈhʌɪdrɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈhaɪdrɪk/
Chemistry containing seven hydroxyl groups.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic groups > [adjective] > hydroxyl groups > containing 7 hydroxyl groups
heptahydric1892
1892 E. F. Smith tr. V. von Richter Chem. Carbon Compounds (ed. 2) 49 The heptahydric aldehydes, C7H14O7, resemble the sugars in their behavior.
1968 J. A. Monick Alcohols v. 442 Perseitol..is a heptahydric alcohol with a 7-carbon atom straight-chain that contains seven hydroxyl groups.
heptameron n.
Brit. /hɛpˈtamərən/
,
U.S. /hɛpˈtæmərən/
[Greek ἑπταήμερος, neuter ἑπταήμερον, of seven days, < ἡμέρα day] a seven days' work; title of a collection of stories, represented (after the pattern of the Decameron of Boccaccio) to have been told on seven successive days, made by Queen Margaret of Navarre, a1549.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > other fictional narrative > [noun] > series of seven stories
heptameron1728
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) The Heptameron of Margaret de Valois..is a very ingenious Piece, in the Manner of Boccace's Decameron.
1894 H. H. Gibbs (title) Colloquy on Currency: a Heptameron.
Categories »
heptameter n.
Brit. /hɛpˈtamᵻtə/
,
U.S. /hɛpˈtæmədər/
[late Latin heptametrum, < Greek ἑπτάμετρον, < μέτρον measure] Prosody a verse consisting of seven feet or measures; cf. heptapody n.
heptametrical adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈmɛtrᵻkl/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈmɛtrək(ə)l/
consisting of seven feet or measures.
Π
1814 R. Southey in Q. Rev. 12 84 It revived the old long verse, which he calls the heptametrical seven~footed line.
heptangular adj.
Brit. /hɛpˈtaŋɡjᵿlə/
,
U.S. /hɛpˈtæŋɡjələr/
having seven angles.
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heptapetalous adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈpɛtələs/
,
/ˌhɛptəˈpɛtl̩əs/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈpɛdl̩əs/
Botany having seven petals.
† hepˈtaphony n. [ < Greek ἑπτάϕωνος seven-voiced, having a sevenfold echo] Obsolete the union of seven sounds (Blount Glossogr. 1656).
heptaphyllous adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈfɪləs/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈfɪləs/
[Greek ἑπτάϕυλλος seven-leaved.] Botany having seven leaves or calyx sepals (Webster 1828).
ΚΠ
1775 J. Jenkinson Linnæus' Generic & Specific Descr. Brit. Plants Gloss. Heptaphyllous.
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heptapodic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈpɒdɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈpɑdɪk/
[Greek -ποδος footed] Prosody consisting of or containing seven metrical feet.
heptapody n.
Brit. /hɛpˈtapədi/
,
U.S. /hɛpˈtæpədi/
a measure or verse consisting of seven feet.
Categories »
heptasemic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈsiːmɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈsimɪk/
[late Latin heptasēmos, < Greek ἑπτάσημος of seven times] in ancient prosody: containing seven units of time or moræ.
heptasepalous adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈsɛp(ə)ləs/
,
/ˌhɛptəˈsiːp(ə)ləs/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈsɛp(ə)ləs/
Botany having seven sepals.
ΚΠ
1861 R. Bentley Man. Bot. i. iv. 224 Heptasepalous.
Categories »
heptaspermous adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈspəːməs/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈspərməs/
[Greek σπέρμα seed] Botany bearing seven seeds.
heptastich n. and adj.
Brit. /ˈhɛptəstɪk/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛptəstɪk/
[Greek στίχος line] Prosody (a) n. a group of seven lines of verse; (b) adj. seven lines long.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > part of poem > [noun] > stanza > heptastich
settaine1589
heptastich1884
1884 P. Schaff et al. Relig. Encycl. III. 1945 Of heptastichs there is only one example [Prov. xxiii. 6–8]. From this heptastich..we see that the proverb of two lines can expand itself to the dimensions of seven and eight lines.
1891 S. R. Driver Introd. Lit. Old Test. (1892) 375 Several pentastichs and hexastichs, a heptastich and an octastich also occur.
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heptastichous adj.
Brit. /hɛpˈtastᵻkəs/
,
U.S. /hɛpˈtæstəkəs/
Botany having seven leaves in the spiral row.
Categories »
heptastrophic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈstrɒfɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈstrɑfɪk/
[Greek στροϕή turning, strophe n.] Prosody consisting of seven strophes or stanzas.
heptastyle n.
Brit. /ˈhɛptəstʌɪl/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛptəˌstaɪl/
[Greek στῦλος pillar] Architecture (a building or portico) having seven columns in front.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > column > [adjective] > having specific number of columns
decastyle1727
polystyle1736
hexastyle1748
octastyle1832
tetrastyle1837
triprostyle1841
heptastyle1843
polystylar1843
monostylar1844
monostyle1850
monostyle1850
enneastyle1875
pentastyle1882
tetraprostyle1891
tetrastylic1895
hexastylar-
1843 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 6 167/1 The temple of the giants, at Agrigentum (heptastyle).
1909 A. Marquand Greek Archit. vi. 313 Another classification of temples notes merely the number of columns exhibited in the façade... The Theseion at Athens was hexastyle; the Temple at Thorikos, heptastyle.
† heptaˈtechnist n. [Greek τέχνη art] Obsolete a professor of the Seven Arts (cf. art n.1 9), a Master of Arts.
Π
1680 T. Lawson (title) A mite into the treasury, being a word to artists, especially heptatechnists, the professors of the seven liberal arts.
heptatomic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈtɒmɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈtɑmɪk/
[atomic adj. and n.] Chemistry containing or equivalent to seven atoms.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > atomic chemistry > [adjective] > relating to molecules > by number of atoms
monatomic1848
pentatomic1858
ter-atomic1861
tetratomic1862
triatomic1862
diatomic1866
hexatomic1868
octatomic1875
heptatomic1886
monadic1907
1886 Crookes in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 573 Fluorine mon- and heptatomic.
heptatonic adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈtɒnɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈtɑnɪk/
[Greek ἑπτάτονος seven-toned] Music consisting of seven notes.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > system of sounds or intervals > [adjective] > other scales
chromatic1603
octachordala1661
octachord1761
hendecachordal1842
tritonous1847
pentatonic1864
pentaphonic1881
melodic1889
heptatonic1890
gapped1910
twelve-tone1926
twelve-note1928
hexatonic1930
octatonic1963
1890 Athenæum 4 Jan. 24/1 A heptatonic scale [in Java], consisting of semitones, three-quarter tones, and minor thirds.
1893 Athenæum 23 Dec. 890/3 A certain series of notes..chosen to form the chromatic, heptatonic, pentatonic, or whatever sequential basis may be required.
Categories »
heptavalent adj.
Brit. /hɛpˈtav(ə)lənt/
,
/hɛpˈtavl̩ənt/
,
/ˌhɛptəˈveɪlənt/
,
/ˌhɛptəˈveɪln̩t/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈveɪlənt/
[Latin valēnt-em having power or value] Chemistry combining with or capable of replacing seven atoms of hydrogen or other univalent element or radical.
heptose n.
Brit. /ˈhɛptəʊz/
,
/ˈhɛptəʊs/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛpˌtoʊs/
,
/ˈhɛpˌtoʊz/
[ < German heptose (E. Fischer 1890, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 23 934): see -ose suffix2] any of a group of monosaccharides, C7H14O7, present in some plants and as constituents of some bacterial polysaccharides.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > monosaccharides > [noun] > by number of carbon atoms > having 7 carbon atoms
heptose1890
1890 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 58 i. 598 The author proposes to employ the terms pentose, heptose, octose, &c., for the sugars..and heptonic acid, octonic acid, &c., for the acids of the series, according to the number of carbon-atoms in the compounds.
1916 A. P. Mathews Physiol. Chem. 18 The monosaccharides are in their turn classified by the number of carbon atoms, or more properly by the aldehyde, ketone and alcohol groups they contain into bioses, trioses, tetroses, pentoses, hexoses, heptoses, octoses, nonoses, etc.
1952 J. K. N. Jones in E. M. Rodd Chem. Carbon Compounds I b. xx. 1264 Heptose sugars may exist in ketose and aldose forms.
1960 Adv. in Carbohydrate Chem. 15 288 Whereas, in the Enteric group of bacteria, there is as yet no evidence for the presence of heptoses other than l-glycero- d-manno-heptose, this is not true of other Gram-negative groups.

Draft additions 1993

heptamer n.
Brit. /ˈhɛptəmə/
,
U.S. /ˈhɛptəmər/
Chemistry and Biochemistry a compound whose molecule is formed from seven monomers; also, a molecule of such a compound.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > polymer chemistry > monomer > [adjective] > a compound whose molecule is formed from seven monomers
heptamer1946
heptameric1983
1946 Jrnl. Amer. Chem. Soc. 68 359/1 The heptamer, octamer and nonamer..were isolated by fractionating high-boiling still-pot residues.
1974 Nature 27 Sept. 288/2 Gall and Atherton have found that more than 93% of this satellite is of one heptamer.
1987 Jrnl. Immunol. 138 3055 (heading) Immunoglobulin variable region heptamer–nonamer recognition sequence joined to rearranged D–J segment.
heptameric adj.
Brit. /ˌhɛptəˈmɛrɪk/
,
U.S. /ˌhɛptəˈmɛrɪk/
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > polymer chemistry > monomer > [adjective] > a compound whose molecule is formed from seven monomers
heptamer1946
heptameric1983
1983 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 80 2524 (heading) Promoters regulated by the glnG (ntrC) and nifA gene products share a heptameric consensus sequence in the −15 region.
1989 Nature 9 Feb. 573/1 The heptameric sequence element with the consensus 5′-CTCATGA-3′..is also required.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1898; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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