hearthn.1
/hɑːθ/, U.S. /hɑrθ/ 1.
a. The part of the floor of a room where a domestic fire is made or located, typically (in modern houses) below a chimney against a wall and often forming a focus in the room; the floor beneath the grate of a fire. Also: the area, often paved or tiled, in front of a fireplace.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > hearth or fireplace
hearthOE
chimneya1330
easter1459
hearthsteada1500
smoke1605
fireplace1611
hearthing1612
focus1638
fire nook1683
firebox1825
OE Lacnunga (2001) I. lxxv. 58 Berec hy [sc. the roots] on hate æmergean; & ateoh þonne ða ane of ðan heorðe & cnuca.
lOE Metrical Charm: Against Wen (Royal 4 A.xiv) 8 Clinge þu alswa col on heorþe.
?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 35 Bace hym man þanne wearmen hlaf be heorþe.
c1350 Nominale (Cambr. Ee.4.20) in Trans. Philol. Soc. (1906) 15* Astre chenet et aumare, herthe, hed-bronde, and louere.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xxxvi. 23 He kutte it..and threȝ it in to the fyr, that was vpon the herth.
a1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 657 Hoc focarium, harthe.
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 237 Herthe, where fyre ys made, ignearium.
1486 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 258 Baceford ston for to make þe chymney harth with.
1574 J. Baret Aluearie H 315 The Hearth wherin fier is kept. Focus.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 95 Thay bake it at the harth.
1634 Althorp MS in J. N. Simpkinson Washingtons App. 65 The stone for the harth in the Great Chamber.
1673 Cruel Murtherer 5 Taking some Fire from the Harth, he conveighed it into some Straw that was in the Hovil, and thereby he burnt the house.
1751 T. Gray Elegy vi. 6 For them no more the blazing hearth shall burn.
1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) II. 98 The sacred fire, which was kept constantly burning on the public hearth of the colony, was taken from the altar of Vesta.
1839 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 9 427 The floors are well made of stiff clay, with one or more basin-shaped cavities in them, to be used as hearths.
1858 Jrnl. Agric. Oct. 485 The peat is burned on the flat hearth, the smoke finding its way through a hole in the roof.
1882 M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal III. xii. 257 The Master of the house lolled, half-dressed, in an armchair by the hearth.
1926 J. Devanny Butcher Shop xvii. 202 The blazing maire logs on the hearth spread a cheerful and comforting glow over the worn and homely furniture.
1933 Sci. Monthly Nov. 428 (caption) Sections and plans of red-on-buff hearths in circular pit houses.
1972 G. M. Brown Greenvoe (1976) v. 181 There was the whisky bottle and a crust beside it and a few hot embers on the hearth.
2005 Cheshire Life Aug. 163/3 You can take your wine into the sitting room with its fireplace and marble chimney piece, tiled hearth, iron grate.
b. figurative and in extended use. Something resembling a hearth in function, location, etc.
ΚΠ
1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. To Rdr. sig. a8 The heart is the harth from whence proceedeth all that inset and natiue heate.
1671 W. Annand Mysterium Pietatis 204 Let us blow up that of the spirit, in the hearth of our hearts, for elevating our thoughts, and raising our minds upward.
1738 Hist. Wks. Learned Oct. 253 As the Snow just by it [sc. a fire] melted, it was immediately froze again, forming a Hearth of Ice all round.
1821 P. B. Shelley Adonais xxxviii. 19 Whilst thy cold embers choke the sordid hearth of shame.
1866 B. Taylor Icarus in Poems 247 Hearths of air Whereon the Morning burns her hundred fires.
1927 Bull. Nat. Res. Council (U.S.) No. 61. 265 Even in the more deep-seated hearth of a volcano which is gradually becoming quiescent, concentration of metallic constituents will take place.
1992 C. Fuentes Buried Mirror (1999) 10 Its capital has been the port of entry for change, and at the same time the abiding hearth of Mexican identity.
2. In extended use: a household, a settled home. Cf. hearth and home n. at Phrases.In Middle English attested only in compounds; cf. hearth-penny n., hearth-silver n., hearth-yield n. at Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > [noun] > home > hearth or fire symbolic of
fireeOE
astre?a1500
hearthsteada1500
reek1542
reek house1542
hearth1585
smoke1605
home fire1611
fireside1613
ingle-side?a1750
foyer1908
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xv. 150 He sceolde bebeodan israhela folce þæt hi namon æt ælcum heorðe anes geares lamb.
OE Laws of Edgar (Corpus Cambr.) ii. ii. §2. 196 Ga ælc ciricsceat into ðam ealdan mynstre be ælcum frigan heorðe.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1048 Eustatius..& his gefeoran..ferdon to þam husbundon & ofslogon hine binnan his agenan heorðæ.
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xii. 13 b This towne doth not now containe above 300 harthes.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iv. v. 80 Now this extremity, Hath brought me to thy Harth. View more context for this quotation
1695 C. Davenant Ess. Ways & Means supplying War 82 The North and West, compar'd with the Eleven Home Counties, are..As 2,197,959 are to 684,950 Hearths.
1753 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 387/2 M. Grimaldi ordered out a detachment to levy two livres upon every hearth of those that comply'd with their [sc. rebels] demands.
1817 Ld. Byron Manfred iii. iv. 69 A grove which..twines its roots with the imperial hearths.
1838 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece V. 35 To fight for their hearths and altars.
1921 Lousiana Hist. Q. Apr. 172 Abandoning the hearth of their fathers to flee from persecution by their political enemies.
1958 B. Chapman tr. G. A. De Beaumont Marie iii. 26 Life flowed gently there,..only, from time to time..a soldier returning to his hearth would throw a sudden gleam across our horizon.
2005 W. F. Buckley Last Call for Blackford Oakes xxxi. 173 Blackford's absences from his hearth were sometimes for periods as long as two or three months.
3. † c. A hotplate on a cooker or stove. Obsolete.
a. A portable container or flat surface in or on which a fire may be made.In quot. OE in the context of a list of terms chiefly relating to the sea, ships, and fishing; however, more likely to be a misplaced gloss (related to quot. eOE) than an early example of sense 3b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > portable receptacle for burning fuel
fire paneOE
heartheOE
fire vessela1382
chafer1395
chimneyc1420
chafing-dish1483
coal pan1530
fire chauffer1558
brazeraine1623
brasero1652
brazier1690
firecage1770
fire-holder1789
fire basket1798
mangal1814
komfoor1841
rodney1848
Jack1849
chip pan1854
reredos1859
hibachi1863
scaldino1866
chafing-pan1867
salamander1873
eOE Épinal Gloss. (1974) 3 Arula, fyrpannae uel herth.
OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 123 Arula, heorð uel firpanne.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Jer. xxxvi. 22 Put was the herth [a1425 L.V. panne; L. arula], or chymney, biforn hym ful of colys.
1576 T. Newton tr. L. Lemnie Touchstone of Complexions i. vii. f. 49 The fier panne or hearth wherein is burnt..Seacoales.
1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. 479 Carrying, for as it were his crest, a chafing-dish, or little harth vpon his helmet, and the coales thereof kindling with the motion of his body.
1655 E. Terry Voy. E.-India 92 They..bake it upon small round iron hearths, which they carry with them.
1757 Crit. Rev. Aug. 133 The three satyrs support with their heads the hearth of the tripod.
1867 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries Abyssinia iv. 79 The flour is mixed with water and allowed to ferment; it is then made into pancakes upon an earthenware flat portable hearth.
1920 W. M. Conway Mountain Memories xxii. 267 Everything about them and belonging to them was damp except a small fire on a little hearth of earth in the bottom of the boat.
2002 R. Tames Anc. Greek Children 12 Cooking on portable hearths or braziers could be done outside in warm weather.
b. The fireplace and cooking apparatus in a ship's galley. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > stove on ship
hearth1391
stove1750
galley1853
1391 in L. T. Smith Exped. Prussia & Holy Land Earl Derby (1894) 23 (MED) Pro j herthe per ipsum facto in naui.
1519 Proceedings 15 Nov. in Mariner's Mirror (1923) 9 141 Whether the harth of the ship was unmade after yt the ship avalyd to blackwall.
1676 London Gaz. No. 1127/4 The..Invention of Iron Fire-Hearths for Ships.
1780 A. Brodie Patent in Repertory of Arts (1797) 7 24 The smoke-jack is fixed with an iron bar, by nuts and screws, to the hood, or the funnel, of the ship's hearth.
1836 F. Peyre Patent 7011 23 Feb. 2 A ships' hearth, cabouse, or cooking apparatus.
1847 Mech. Mag. 9 Jan. 30/1 To make the heat of ships' cooking hearths still more extensively available..I construct the hearths in the improved manner represented in figs. 6 and 7.
1917 H. S. White tr. H. von Mücke Ayesha iii. 29 The caboose, that is, the ship's kitchen, was, of course, planned for cooking to be done for only five men, and the Lilliputian hearth was in no way sufficient.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > stove or cooker > [noun] > part of
hotplate1803
firebox1838
range cock1842
hearth1845
boiling ring1894
griller1895
grill1907
ring1911
cooktop1941
hob1962
back burner1963
splashplate1967
1845 E. Acton Mod. Cookery vii. 191 The hot plates, or hearths with which the kitchens of good houses are always furnished.
1861 R. K. Philp Family Save-all 36 Put the cover on, and stew gently for two hours, either in a slack oven, or upon a hot plate or hearth.
4. † a. A kiln, a furnace. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > [noun]
heartheOE
eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 57/1 Fornacula, cyline, heorðe.
OE Azarias 176 Hweorfað nu æfter heorðe, nængum hat sceþeð, ofnes æled, ac him is engel mid, hafað beorhtne blæd.
OE Rule St. Benet (Corpus Cambr.) i. 9 Cyn..sylfdemena, þe no on regules and lareowa tæcinge ne beoð afandode swa swa gold on heorðe [L. sicut aurum fornacis].
c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 574/44 Conflatorium, an herth.
1456 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Let.-bks. London (1911) K. 376 (MED) No persone of þe seid craft þat maketh or dooth to make any furneys to melt in metall or queser or herth to nele in mouldes.
1469 in L. F. Salzman Building in Eng. (1952) 179 For brike and other necessaries for making the anelyng herth.
b. The fireplace of a smith's forge. Also figurative. Now chiefly historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > forging equipment > blacksmith's forge > parts of
hearthlOE
hovel1678
lOE tr. Honorius Augustodunensis Elucidarium in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 141 Se deofol..he is smið, & his heorð is seo gedrefodnysse, & seo tyntrega.
a1425 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (Pierpont Morgan) vi. xxix Þe eyer þat bloweþ in þe erþe [1535 forge] is hoot and dry; hit heteþ and dryeþ smeþis.
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 461/1 Smythys chymney, or herthe, fabrica.
a1450 Chron. Repton in Jrnl. Derbyshire Archaeol. & Nat. Hist. Soc. (1902) 24 70 (MED) Wythe store of woode..sufficient for one forge or harthe.
1580 H. Gifford Posie of Gilloflowers f. 21 v A strong & weightie armor of proof..The smythy or hearth wheron they heate, it is Langor, which is kindled w^t the fire of fretting.
1741 tr. J. A. Cramer Elements Art of assaying Metals ii. x. 235 Make a Hole in the Hearth of the Smith's Forge.
1832 Blackwood's Mag. Feb. 282 The candent hearth, the ruddy lurid row Of smiths.
1883 W. J. E. Crane Smithy & Forge 10 The smith's hearth, when of the largest description, is a kind of trough of brick~work about six feet square, elevated several inches from the floor of the smithy.
1936 E. A. Atkins & A. G. Walker Electr. Arc & Oxy-acetylene Welding (ed. 3) iii. 27 A welding shop should also contain a blacksmith's hearth, as it will be found useful in a hundred and one ways.
2002 J. Unwin in M. C. Beaudry Findings (2006) v. 121 Joshua Russell, d. 1698, had a smithy with two hearths and a complement of tools for each.
c. Metallurgy. The floor or bottom of a furnace, on which the ore, metal, etc., is exposed to the flame. Also: a hole at the bottom of a blast furnace though which molten metal may be run out. Cf. open-hearth adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > hearth or floor of furnace
hearth1551
sole1615
laboratory1790
hearth bottom1821
mouth plate1852
open-hearth1870
shelf1879
kitchen1881
1551 in D. W. Crossley Sidney Ironworks Accts. 1541–73 (1975) 101 To the founder and filler for xliii foundes and one day at divers prices with the mendyng and makyng of the hathes hoc anno.
a1650 G. Boate Irelands Nat. Hist. (1652) xvii. 138 The [molten] iron it self descendeth to the lowest part of the furnace, called the Hearth; the which being filled..they unstop the Hearth, and open the mouth thereof.
a1744 in Trans. Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archæol. Soc. (1908) 8 38 The Hearth [of a blast furnace] grows wider by using, so that their Runnings are much larger at the latter End than at the Beginning.
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 357 In smelting by the reverberatory-furnace..the flame passes over the hearth, and enters into an oblique chimney.
1872 R. W. Raymond Statistics Mines & Mining 125 The walls [of the furnaces] must come down straight to the hearth, or contract gradually.
1938 R. Hum Chem. for Engin. Students xxii. 580 The purification of zinc..is carried out by liquation on the hearth of a reverberatory furnace.
1996 M. P. Groover Fund. Mod. Manufacturing xiii. 282 At the bottom of the hearth is a tap hole to release the molten metal.
d. Metallurgy. A metal plate on which large items may be soldered or brazed, typically having an aperture under which a fire can be maintained or a depression for holding the fire. More fully brazier's hearth. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > soldering equipment
soldering iron1675
grozing-iron1825
hearth1843
round iron1875
wiping-cloth1888
1843 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. I. xxi. 442 Long tubes for locomotive boilers are rested upon the flat plate of the brazier's hearth, and portions equal to the extent of the fire are soldered in succession.
1877 E. Kirk Founding of Metals 163 For large and long work, this hearth is made with a flat iron plate about four feet by three, which is supported by four legs.
1891 Eng. Mechanic 9 Oct. 160/2 ‘S. B. H.’ does not say if he intends brazing heads on pins or the trunnions on 100-ton guns. For general work, up to, say, bicycle backbones, I should advise him to have a portable hearth with bellows underneath.
1908 Railway & Locomotive Engin. June 250/1 Some of the hard soldering processes are often termed brazing. Both brazing and hard-soldering is usually done in the open fire on the brazier's hearth.
5. Manufacturing Technology. A smooth table or plate of refractory material on which cylinder glass is cut open and flattened; = flatting hearth n. at flatting n.1 Compounds 1a. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > glass-making equipment > [noun] > other equipment
ladle1483
frache1662
paddle1662
strocals1662
basin1728
setting-board1825
cuvette1832
sabre1832
fly-frame1835
chair1845
snapdragon1869
sand-blast1871
parallelometer1887
chevalet1890
harbour1891
hearth1898
frigger1923
drawbar1926
1898 N.E.D. Hearth... In cylinder glass manufacture: A spreading frame.
1920 A. H. Fay Gloss. Mining & Mineral Industry 335/2 Hearth... 4. A plate or table upon which cylinder glass is flattened.
Phrases
hearth and home n. (used for alliterative emphasis) a person's home or household; home life.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > [noun] > home
homeOE
homesteadOE
house and homelOE
hearthstone1659
home dwelling1743
establishment1803
hearth and home1822
roof1853
yard1865
down home1920
1822 Galignani's Lit. Gaz. 21 Apr. 378/2 It [sc. Greek mythology] had household Gods, to sanctify the feeling of hearth and home.
1857 M. Reid War Trail (Rtldg.) 141 Puissant defenders of the hearth and home.
1923 Pop. Sci. Jan. 111/3 The stimulus which all the world is seeking, Magnavox Radio will bring to your own hearth and home.
1998 B. Kingsolver Poisonwood Bible (1999) iii. 217 He forged ahead with his mission work, leaving his three older girls in charge of hearth and home for days on end.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.† hearth-staff n. Obsolete
hearth broom n.
ΚΠ
1721 True Inventory Sir R. Chaplin (South-Sea Company) 3 One Stove, Fender, Fireshovel, Tongs and Poker, one Hearth Broom.
1898 ‘M. Gray’ House Hidden Treasure iii. vi. 323 Then the willing hands went to work with a hearth-broom till all was neat and clean.
1998 Pittsburgh (Pa.) Post-Gaz. (Nexis) 5 July vn 4 Hearth brooms have a shorter handle of about 18 to 22 inches and are more likely to be used for sweeping out fireplace ashes.
hearth brush n.
ΚΠ
1744 Inventory 18 Jan. in F. W. Steer Farm & Cottage Inventories Mid-Essex 1635–1749 (1969) 269 Poker and holders, a hearth brush.
1871 Mrs. H. Wood Dene Hollow II. iii. 47 Her husband..caught up a short hearth-brush that happened to lie inside the fender, as he spoke.
1993 M. Hocking Very Dead of Winter (1994) v. 161 He took a small hearth brush and began to dust the wood ash into a scuttle.
hearth fire n.
ΚΠ
1651 tr. J. A. Comenius Nat. Philos. Reformed x. 176 Our hearth fire hath need of three things, 1 matter or fuell, and that fat. 2 of blowing or fanning, whereby the force of it is stirred up. 3 free transpiration.
1799 M. Underwood Treat. Dis. Children (ed. 4) I. 294 The warm ashes of a hearth-fire.
1999 T. Nunnally tr. S. Undset Kristin Lavransdatter II. ii. 144 It usually ended up with the fur bear falling into the hearth fire and burning up..with smoke and a foul smell.
hearth light n.
ΚΠ
1829 Belfast News-Let. 17 Apr. The hour Of many a greeting tone, The time of hearth-light and of song Returns.
1907 Appleton's Mag. Feb. 131/1 Crocus flames of candles against the rose of the hearthlight, and the brown of the oak.
1987 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 8 Nov. (Connecticut Weekly section) 34/3 By the flicker of hearth light, we ready the boys for bed and then sit..enjoying the entertainment of the fire and ourselves.
hearthplace n.
ΚΠ
1676 R. Hooke Diary Oct. (1935) 253 I..paid Waters for laying harth places.
1723 Pres. State Russia II. 375 The Hearth-place is in the middle of the Tent.
1868 Temple Bar July 506 The chief led me to his own hearthplace, and, at a word from him, I was left in peace.
1991 J. Wolf Daughter of Red Deer i. i. 9 A fire blazed in the circle of stones that formed the hearthplace of the Mistress's large hut.
hearthside n.
ΚΠ
1666 W. Dugdale Origines Juridiciales lvii. 154 All which time the Musick must stand right above the Harth side, with the noise of their Musick.
1803 M. Charlton Wife & Mistress (ed. 2) IV. 170 Let 'em all get to their own hearth-side.
1863 W. Phillips Speeches xix. 443 Soldiers..at their very hearth-sides.
2003 Church Times 10 Jan. 14/4 His radio network could unite families around their hearthside.
ΚΠ
1363 in L. F. Salzman Building in Eng. (1952) 347 [One..inventory of the smith's tools..contains an] anuell..3 nailtol'..[a] wassher..[a] herthstaf.
1473 in L. F. Salzman Building in Eng. (1992) 348 [The..inventory contains..a] herthestaff.
1597 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 101 Fyve payer of tongs a harthestaffe and a punch ijs.
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. i. 10 With your Hearth-staf stir up the Fire.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. 321/1 The Hearth-staff..is to open and stir up the Fire, and cast out the Cinders that come from the Iron.
hearth tool n.
ΚΠ
1913 Independent (N.Y.) 2 Jan. 51/1 The fussy table ornaments were too many; so were the chandeliers too elaborate and the hearth tools.
1999 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 26 Sept. (Connecticut Weekly section) 17/1 Additional items to be displayed in furnished room settings include textiles, porcelain, pottery,..hearth tools and American silver.
C2. † hearth baken adj. Obsolete that has been baked on a hearth.† hearth fly n. Angling Obsolete a kind of artificial fly of a dark grey colour.† hearth stock n. Obsolete rare a log used to support or contain a fire within a hearth; cf. head block n. 2.
ΚΠ
OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 93 Subcinericius uel Focarius [perh. read focacius], heorðbacen hlaf.
OE tr. Pseudo-Apuleius Herbarium (Vitell.) (1984) xlv. 90 Wiþ hundes slite genim þas wyrte, cnuca mid hrysle [read rysle] & mid heorðbacenum hlafe [L. cum axungia et pane domestico], lege to ðam slite.
1609 Bible (Douay) I. Ezek. iv. 12 As hearth baken barley bread thou shalt eate it [sc. bread].
hearth-book n. now historical a book containing a list of hearths for the collection of hearth money (hearth money n. 2).
ΚΠ
1683 W. Petty Another Ess. Polit. Arithm. 6 The Growth of this City is Measured..By the Number of Houses, as the same appears by the Hearth-Books and late Maps.
1772 R. Price Observ. Reversionary Payments (ed. 2) Suppl. 362 It appeared by the same hearth-books, that the number of houses in the kingdom..was 1,230,000.
1820 W. Godwin Of Population ii. x. 224 The first three items are taken from the hearth-books, there being at that time a tax of two shillings for every hearth.
1901 J. Rae Contemp. Socialism (ed. 3) x. 303 Gregory King made an estimate of the distribution of wealth..in England in 1688, founded partly on the..hearth-books.
1982 A. G. Dickens Reformation Stud. ix. 193 This Yorkshire proportion becomes computable in the Hearth Books of 1690.
hearth bottom n. Metallurgy and Archaeology the floor or bottom of a hearth.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > furnace or kiln > furnace > parts of furnace > [noun] > hearth or floor of furnace
hearth1551
sole1615
laboratory1790
hearth bottom1821
mouth plate1852
open-hearth1870
shelf1879
kitchen1881
1821 W. Forster Treat. Section of Strata (ed. 2) iii. 378 Upon, or along, the two end ledges of the Hearth-bottom, are placed two castings, called Bearers.
1880 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 299/2 This is the hearth bottom, formerly made of one or more large slabs of sandstone.
1989 Britannia 20 65 A further 6.9 kg of iron-smithing slag,..usually in the form of hemispherical ‘hearth bottoms’.
2009 Archaeol. Ireland 23 i. 19/1 Cut into the pit was a possible furnace or hearth bottom lined with a dense layer of slag.
hearth-cake n. a cake baked on a hearth.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > cake > [noun] > a cake > cake baked on hearth
hearth-cake1609
1609 W. Biddulph Trauels Certaine Englishmen 42 Their [sc. Turks] bread is made all in cakes, after the ancient manner, as Abraham entertained Angels with hearth cakes.
1753 R. Challoner Considerations Christian Truths I. 331 That hearth-cake of the prophet Elias, with which he was fed.
1862 Dublin Univ. Mag. Dec. 724/2 If you are hungry..you will go out, and buy your galette (hearth-cake) and apples.
2003 N.Y. Mag. 9 June 68/2 A basket of tigelle, tiny unleavened Modenese hearth cakes.
hearth cinder n. Metallurgy (in singular or plural) cinder or slag from the hearth of a furnace.
ΚΠ
1874 A. Tolhausen & L. Tolhausen Technol. Dict. (new ed.) 369/2 Hearth-cinder, die Heerdschlacke.
1902 Proc. Staffs. Iron & Steel Inst. 1900–1 16 38 Some of the hearth cinder would be melted off, and other softened, and in a condition likely to admit of some equalisation between the new cinder and the old.
2010 C. Spellman Raven & Wolf: Chron. I x. 99 I spent the hours lamenting and begrudging inwardly until late afternoon when the docile sky turned as dark as hearth cinders.
hearth cricket n. the house cricket, Acheta domestica.
ΚΠ
1789 G. White Let. in Nat. Hist. Selborne 256 Cats catch hearth-crickets, and..devour them.
1845 Freeman's Jrnl. (Dublin) 27 Dec. [Referring to Dickens' story ‘The Cricket and the Hearth’] The harmonious conflict between the Kettle and the Hearth Cricket still proceeds—we are obliged to abridge, yet one bit more.
1919 42nd Ann. Rep. Connecticut Agric. Exper. Station 315 In Europe and undoubtedly also in this country the hearth cricket is found in houses in all sizes from the very young to the full-grown insects.
2004 Times (Nexis) 24 July (Weekend Review section) 28 We're planning to have some live hearth crickets on show. We toyed with having cockroaches, but in the end thought not.
hearth ends n. Metallurgy (now rare) particles of unreduced ore and other materials from a blast furnace.
ΚΠ
1838 Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Northumberland 2 157 The top of the hearth is finished level with masonry, to receive any particles of ore, called hearth ends, that may be expelled by the blast.
1870 J. Percy Metall. Lead 289 The hearth-ends..consist of particles of ore, projected from the hearth partly by the action of the blast, but chiefly by decrepitation of the ore, and of particles of fuel and lime.
1891 E. Thorpe Dict. Appl. Chem. II. 426/2 Behind the hearth is a blind flue or pit into which ‘hearth-ends’ and other matter coming off with the fume may fall and collect.
hearth-fellow n. [compare Old English heorþgenēat retainer, lit. ‘hearth-companion’] now rare a person who associates with others beside a hearth; also figurative.
ΚΠ
1871 J. Morley Some Greek Conception in Crit. Misc. 340 It is the union of those who are called by Charondas, fellow-eaters, and by Epimenides the Cretan, hearth-fellows.
1895 W. Morris & A. J. Wyatt tr. Tale of Beowulf 110 For the fall of their lord, e'en they his hearth-fellows [Old English heorðgeneatas].
1913 Metrop. Mag. July 27/2 His own pain lay numb, a thing to be realized when he sat in the train, and still more intimately known when he had it for bed- and hearth-fellow in his dreary little house.
ΚΠ
1696 J. Smith True Art Angling 132 The Hearth-fly, Dub of the Wool of an aged Black Ewe, with some Grey Hair to accommodate the Body..and take the light Feather of a State for the Wings.
1882 D. Foster Sci. Angler xiv. 250 Father Izaak used to make this fly from grey badger's hair: he terms it the Hearth fly.
hearth-holder n. a householder.
ΚΠ
1834 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus ii. iv, in Fraser's Mag. Feb. 193/1 Certain Landlords' Bills..indicate that he was not without money; but, like an independent Hearth-holder, if not House-holder, paid his way.
1939 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 43 292 The name prytanis in turn, may be rendered as hearth-holder.
2007 B. N. Lawrance Locality, Mobility, & ‘Nation’ iii. 72 Young, unemployed men were disaffected and ignored; women's capacity as ‘hearth-holders’ was deeply compromised.
hearth plate n. a metal or ceramic plate forming a hearth or part of one.
ΚΠ
1716 tr. N. Gauger Mechanism of Fire made in Chimneys iii. x. 89/1 An Aperture of the like Dimension in the Hearth-plate (when there is one).
1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) II. 997 Cast-iron hearth-plates, resting upon cast-iron beams.
1914 H. C. Mercer Bible in Iron iii. 129/2 The air box being so constructed as to take in cold air from outside the house, through a hole in the hearth plate, and puff it out when heated into the room through two holes in the side plates.
2002 A. G. King Ceramic Technol. & Processing viii. 231 In the kiln shown, the hearth plate has a shoulder on both the back and front.
hearth-silver n. historical in later use = hearth-penny n.
ΚΠ
1189 in J. E. Jackson Inquisition Manors of Glastonbury Abbey (1882) 22 Ricardus Kide..pro ij solidis et dono et herthselver.
1663 F. Philipps Antiq. Præ-emption & Pourveyance for King iii. 142 Harth-silver, Chimney-money, or Peter-pence, which some Mesne Lords do yet receive.
1796 A. Anstruther Rep. Cases Court of Exchequer I. 330 We have held this payment of two pence under the name of hearth-silver, &c. by every inhabitant householder to be a fixed and certain payment.
1857 J. Toulmin Smith Parish (new ed.) 507 The hearth-penny, hearth-silver, fumage (fuage)..originally in the nature of Peter-Pence, levied on every house.
1929 J. Birdsall in C. H. Taylor Anniv. Ess. Medieval Hist. 42 Church Scot, a rent paid to the lord of the manor, and hearth silver, identified by Miss Neilson with Peter's pence, are common on the Glastonbury manors.
2001 N. E. Stacy Surv. Estates Glastonbury Abbey 56 Known at Glastonbury also as hearthpenny or hearthsilver, it [sc. Peter's Pence] was payable by holders of customary tenements at the rate of a penny if married, a halfpenny if widowed.
ΚΠ
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 237 Herthe stok or kynlym, repofocilium.
1898 A. Gray Priory St. Radegund (Gloss.) 184 Stokk, the hearth stock, a large log on which the fire was piled.
hearth tidy n. a pan for containing the ashes that fall from a domestic fire.
ΚΠ
1898 Patents for Inventions: Abridgm. Specif. 1889–92: Class 126 57/1 Ashpans.—An ordinary hearth tidy A is extended at the back as a narrower and shallower box B.
1973 J. Wainwright Touch of Malice 49 The tiled fire-surround and hearth apron..and the unused ‘hearth tidy’ of brass-covered cast metal.
hearth-warming n. an event held to celebrate a new house or new premises; (also) the holding of such an event; cf. house-warming n. 2a, 2b.
ΚΠ
1830 W. Carleton Traits & Stories Irish Peasantry II. 158 Among the peasantry no new house is ever put up without a hearth-warming, and a dance.
1912 Handicraft Feb. 404 The Society of Arts and Crafts will open its new building..with a ‘Hearth-Warming’ and Banquet.
1995 Record (Kitchener-Waterloo, Ont.) (Nexis) 9 Aug. b8 Symbolic hearth warming, heavenly fireworks and heavy games will be on the highland fields as the Fergus Scottish Festival turns 50 this weekend at Victoria Park.
hearth-yield n. (also †hertheld) now historical and rare a tax levied on householders; cf. hearth-penny n.
ΚΠ
c1284 in S. R. Scargill-Bird Custumals Battle Abbey (1887) 43 Redditus de Dyngemaresco, solvendi annuatim... Hertheld, Sancti Thomæ Apostoli. Romescot, Sanct Petri ad Vincula.
a1377 (a1307) in S. R. Scargill-Bird Custumals Battle Abbey (1887) 10 (MED) Pro Romescot et hertzeld, iiij d..pro hertyeld et Romescot, j d.
1910 N. Neilson Customary Rents viii. 201 Possibly the payment [of Peter's Penny] was made twice a year at Battle and the payment at the feast of St. Thomas was called hearthyield, while that at ad Vincula was called Romescot.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
hearthn.2
/hɪəθ/, U.S. /hɪ(ə)rθ/ Now rare. Perhaps Obsolete (English regional (Kent) in later use).
The sense of hearing; hearing-distance; (also) something which is heard.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > [noun] > faculty or sense of hearing
earOE
listc1000
heartha1325
listenc1400
audition1599
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2856 Moyses him [sc. Aaron] haueð is herðe vt-dragen.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 91 Þe vif wyttes of þe bodye be zyȝþe be hyerþe be smellinge be zuelȝynge and be takynge.
1529 in M. Bateson Borough Customs (1906) II. 19 Founde by ii. wyse and lawfull men of sythe and hyerth.
c1736 S. Pegge Alphabet of Kenticisms (1876) In hearth, within hearing.
1887 W. D. Parish & W. F. Shaw Dict. Kentish Dial. 73 I called out as loud's ever I could, but he warn't no wheres widin hearth.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
<
n.1eOE
n.2a1325